European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Intranasal esketamine significantly alleviates depression severity and suicidal ideations in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) non-responders.","authors":"Erhan Kavakbasi, Kevin Rosemann, Mert Yilmaz, Helmut Berndt, Bernhard T Baune","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02041-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02041-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intranasal esketamine (ESK) is a novel therapy option in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Patients with a history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) non-response (ECT+) in the current episode have usually been excluded from previous studies. Data on the effectiveness of ESK in ECT non-responders are sparse.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, we investigated the effectiveness of intranasal ESK in real-world inpatients with (ECT+, n = 39) history of ECT non-response compared to patients who have not received an adequate course of ECT in their current episode (ECT-, n = 57). A factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used to determine the impact of ECT non-response on treatment outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of n = 96 patients (mean age 47.0; 52.1% women) with TRD were included in this study. There was a significant main effect of history of ECT non-response on MADRS score in the ANOVA (F = 10.386, p = 0.002). However, there was no significant interaction effect of time (pre-treatment, post-treatment)*history of ECT non-response in current episode (F = 2.166, p = 0.143). The response (34.9% vs. 21.9%, χ2 = 1.498, p = 0.167) and remission rates (24.4% vs. 12.1%, χ2 = 1.861, p = 0.141) were none significantly lower in the ECT + group than in the ECT- group. There was significant improvement in MADRS and BDI-II in the ECT + group. No major safety concerns occurred during the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no significant impact of ECT non-response on esketamine treatment outcome. Our results support the approach to offer esketamine to ECT non-responders given that the array of treatment alternatives is limited for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effect of BDNF rs10835210 polymorphism and childhood maltreatment on cognitive functioning in Chinese male patients with methamphetamine use disorder.","authors":"Linjun Jiang, Dongmei Wang, Yang Tian, Jiajing Chen, Mengqian Qu, Han Chen, Ren Huang, Lianglun Jia, Fabing Fu, Shanshan Tang, Xiaotao Wang, Xiang-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02038-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02038-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) are known to experience cognitive dysfunction. Our previous study was the first to demonstrate the negative impact of childhood maltreatment (CM) on cognitive function in MUD patients. Extensive research has highlighted the crucial role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms in cognitive function. However, whether genetic variations in BDNF interact with environmental factors such as CM to influence cognition remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential interaction between BDNF gene polymorphism and CM in affecting cognitive function among MUD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 558 MUD patients and 459 healthy controls, assessed cognitive function using the Repeated Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and CM using the Chinese version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) in all participants, and genotyped all patients and 158 healthy controls for the BDNF rs10835210 polymorphism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CM negatively affected cognitive performance in both MUD patients and healthy controls, especially in visuospatial/constructional abilities (HC: FDR p < 0.001), attention (HC: FDR p = 0.008; MUD: FDR p < 0.001), and RBANS total score (HC: FDR p < 0.001; MUD: FDR p = 0.006). Furthermore, a significant interaction between CM and the BDNF rs10835210 polymorphism on attention (FDR p = 0.006) was observed in MUD patients, but not in healthy controls. Post hoc analyses revealed that among carriers of the BDNF rs10835210 A allele, MUD patients with CM had lower RBANS attention scores (FDR p < 0.001) than those without CM. In contrast, no significant simple main effect of CM on RBANS attention was found among MUD patients carrying BDNF rs10835210 CC genotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that CM impairs multiple aspects of cognitive function in MUD patients. Moreover, the BDNF gene rs10835210 polymorphism mediates the effect of CM on cognitive function in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating effect of alexithymia between childhood trauma and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia.","authors":"Zhenning Feng, Yuying Qiu, Changyong Jiang, Yao Lu, Yifei Liu, Meijuan Li, Jie Li","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02049-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02049-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence suggests that childhood trauma (CT) increases the risk of schizophrenia (SZ) and influences symptom type and severity. However, the link between CT and negative symptoms (NS) has not been fully explored. This study investigated the relationship between CT and NS in SZ, while considering the mediating effect of alexithymia. We enrolled 94 patients with chronic schizophrenia (CS) and 105 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) from Tianjin Anding Hospital. CT was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), psychopathology with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and alexithymia with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediation model. CT was reported by 70.1% of patients versus 32.7% of HCs. In patients with SZ, CTQ scores were positively correlated with NS (r = 0.30, p = 0.003). Alexithymia was observed in 18.1% of patients and 7.6% of HCs, and it was positively correlated with NS (r = 0.35, p = 0.001). Two factors of alexithymia-difficulty identifying feelings (95% CI [0.002, 0.085]) and externally oriented thinking (95% CI [0.002, 0.060])-mediated the relationship between CT and NS. These findings suggest that reducing alexithymia may help alleviate NS in SZ.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering causality between social/physical activity and suicide attempt: evidence from Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Haiqi Li, Feixue Yue, Xuan Gu, Haijing Guan, Kaili Chen, Jiao Zhang, Hengyu Ji, Jinting He","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02048-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02048-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has indicated a link between social or physical activity and suicide attempt (SA), yet the causal relationship remains unclear, and the role of psychiatric disorders has not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, we used genetic variants of social or physical activity to examine the causal associations with SA based on iPSYCH database, and then replicate the results using FinnGen database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that sports clubs or gyms, walking for pleasure, light DIY and other exercises (e.g. bowling, swimming, cycling, and keep fit) may be protective factors for SA, while leisure/social inactivity may be risk factors. After FDR correction of P value, it was revealed that the OR [95%CI] of SA decreased per SD increase in walking for pleasure (0.23[0.07-0.73]), light DIY (0.21[0.07-0.59]), and other exercise (0.22[0.09-0.58]). Within the replication phase, genetic prediction analyses revealed that walking for pleasure, light DIY, and other exercises were associated with reduced susceptibility to SA (P_FDR < 0.05). Given the high comorbidity between psychiatric disorders and SA, we employed two-step MR and multivariate MR (MVMR) to evaluate the proportions the effect of the mediator. We found that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) explained 24.48% of the total effect of light DIY on SA, 33.52% of the total effect of other exercises.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research findings highlight the protective effect of social/physical activity in SA, and elucidated that increasing light DIY and other exercise can be used as a prevention strategy of SA, particularly for individuals who have ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Huntington's disease: a global survey on symptoms and genetic testing practices.","authors":"C A M Koriath, C Kurz, S Mead, E J Wild, S J Tabrizi","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02042-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02042-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal, autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HTT gene. While chorea is the hallmark motor symptom, HD presents with diverse psychiatric and cognitive manifestations that usually precede motor onset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 10-question online survey was distributed to 130 neurologists and neuro-geneticists from the European Huntington's Disease Network (EHDN) to identify clinical symptoms considered pathognonomic of HD and criteria for genetic testing. Responses from 52 specialists were anonymized and analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents, averaging 18.4 years of experience, universally identified chorea as indicative of HD, alongside cognitive slowing, irritability, and gait abnormalities. Symptoms like neuropathy, limb weakness, and tremor were deemed inconsistent with HD. Notably, 19% of experts reported that ancillary symptoms would not deter them from recommending testing if a primary HD symptom was present. Without a family history, only chorea with or without additional symptoms was deemed sufficient for testing.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight the complexity of diagnosing HD, the importance of considering subtle psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, and the need for comprehensive patient counselling. Advances in genetic testing and therapeutic trials targeting the molecular root of HD offer hope for curative treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the growing recognition of HD's pleiotropy, the ethical considerations in testing, and the importance of clinical vigilance as patients may often first present in a non-neurological setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder according to the international classification of diseases 11: a scoping review.","authors":"Kiana Nafarieh, Sophia Krüger, Karl Deutscher, Stefanie Schreiter, Adrian P Mundt, Andreas Jung, Seena Fazel, Andreas Heinz, Stefan Gutwinski","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02046-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02046-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) introduces Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) as a new diagnostic category. This paper summarizes methodological approaches and prevalence estimates of studies on PGD in ICD-11.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review follows the JBI Manual of Evidence Synthesis and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO (2011-2024), along with grey literature sources (Web of Science, Science.gov, NDLTD Global ETD Search). Included studies were cross-sectional or longitudinal, evaluating PGD prevalence using ICD-11 criteria. Two reviewers (KN, SK) independently screened studies, with a third (SG) resolving disagreements. Methodological quality was not assessed. Data extraction covered bibliographic details, study period, location, sample characteristics, diagnostic tools, algorithms, and prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 124 screened records, 35 studies were included in a qualitative synthesis. Seven main study categories emerged, primarily bereaved adults and representative national samples. Of 46 study samples, 24 were from Europe, followed by North America (n = 10) and Asia (n = 5), with none from South America. The PG-13 was the most commonly used tool, often omitting and raising ICD-11 PGD criteria simultaneously. ICD-11 PGD prevalence ranged from 1.5 to 15.3% in bereaved adults and 9.9-11.4% in national samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings reveal heterogeneous study populations but limited geographic diversity. Standardized PGD assessments aligned with ICD-11 criteria, using tools specifically designed for ICD-11, along with detailed sample reporting, are needed to improve study comparability and consistency of prevalence. Important gaps by geographical and demographic groups remain.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of recent cannabis use on altered spectral entropy modulation and connectivity strength in patients with psychosis.","authors":"Vicente Molina, Álvaro Díez, Inés Fernández-Linsenbarth, Emma Osorio-Iriarte, Rosa Beño-Ruiz de la Sierra, Oscar Martín-Santiago, Claudia Rodríguez-Valbuena, Juan Carlos Fiorini-Talavera, Antonio Arjona","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02004-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02004-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis use is highly prevalent in individuals with psychosis, raising concerns about its influence on brain function. Electroencephalography (EEG) studies have identified alterations in brain activity in psychosis, including changes in spectral entropy (SE) modulation and connectivity strength (CS). However, the degree to which cannabis use contributes to these alterations remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of recent cannabis use on specific EEG measures previously found to be altered in psychosis: (i) SE modulation, (ii) pre-stimulus theta and broadband CS, and (iii) baseline CS in the gamma band. We focused specifically on the immediate effects of recent cannabis use, without considering factors like tetrahydrocannabinol content, frequency of use, or age of onset. We included 93 patients with psychosis (32 recent cannabis users, 61 non-users) and 86 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC; all non-users). Recent cannabis use was defined as any consumption within the past week, assessed through a clinical interview and confirmed by urinalysis. Patients had diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. EEG data were recorded during a P300 task, and SE modulation and baseline CS were calculated. Both patient groups (cannabis users and non-users) exhibited significantly impaired SE modulation and elevated gamma and broadband CS, compared to HC. Crucially, no significant differences were found between the two patient groups in any of the EEG measures. Recent cannabis use does not appear to be the primary driver of the observed electrophysiological alterations in psychosis. Impaired SE modulation and increased CS are likely core features of psychosis itself, independent of recent cannabis exposure. This suggests that these EEG abnormalities may represent underlying vulnerability markers for psychosis. However, further research is needed to explore the potential long-term and early-onset effects of cannabis use on brain function in individuals with psychosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of, access to and need for electroconvulsive therapy in forensic psychiatric hospitals: a survey in Germany and Switzerland.","authors":"Matthias Besse, Michael Belz, Henning Hachtel, Alfred Simon, Dirk Hesse, Jürgen Müller, Aniela Friese, David Zilles-Wegner","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02044-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02044-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS) may benefit from electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Although TRS is a frequent problem in forensic hospitals, ECT is rarely used in this setting. This study investigates the availability and implementation of ECT in forensic hospitals in Germany and Switzerland. Moreover, we collected anonymized clinical data of patients treated with ECT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A digital survey was sent to all forensic psychiatric hospitals in Germany and Switzerland. The questionnaire comprised general information (hospital structure, use of ECT) and an optional second part for patients treated with ECT during the last 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>41 German and 4 Suisse hospitals responded, of which the majority stated to have the possibility to offer ECT. The estimated percentage of patients with ECT indication was 7.35% (360 patients) and 7.5% (13 patients), respectively. However, only 38 patients were actually treated with ECT over a period of 12 months. Slightly over 50% of the patients were responders according to the Clinical Global Impression Improvement Scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study presents the largest population of patients with TRS treated with ECT in forensic hospitals to date. Compared to 2018, there was a marked increase in the proportion of patients for whom ECT was considered indicated. Patients treated with ECT experienced a reduction in both symptom severity and the need for restraints. The response rate aligns with matching data from non-forensic populations. In view of these promising results, prospective controlled observational studies are needed to further strengthen the evidence regarding the effectiveness of ECT in forensic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of overlapping genetic loci between inflammatory bowel disease and major depressive disorder.","authors":"Shuangqing Chang, Qinghua Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02047-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00406-025-02047-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormalities of gray matter volume and structural covariance in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes: implications for clinical correlations.","authors":"Qiao-Ru Chen, Yi Wang, Bin-Rang Yang, Yu-Feng Wang, Raymond C K Chan","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02029-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00406-025-02029-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by attention deficits, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This study investigated brain structural differences in children with ADHD compared to typically developing children. Our sample included 199 ADHD children (114 ADHD-predominantly inattentive; 85 ADHD-combined presentation subtypes) and 94 typically developing controls. All participants completed clinical assessments and MRI scans. We conducted whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis, structural covariance analysis, and clinical correlation. We used Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) to compare gray matter volume (GMV) and structural covariance between the ADHD subgroups and typically developing children. We also analyzed correlations between structural covariance and clinical symptoms. The results showed significant GMV differences, particularly in the frontal cortex and basal ganglia, among ADHD subtypes and typically developing children. Compared to controls, children with ADHD combined presentation (ADHD-C) exhibited significantly larger GMV in the right precentral gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, and left cingulate gyrus, while children with ADHD-predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) exhibited larger GMV in the right cingulate gyrus. Within the ADHD subtypes, ADHD-C children displayed larger GMV in the left caudate nucleus compared to ADHD-I children. Structural covariance analysis highlighted the altered connectivity patterns, involving the striatum and regions within the default mode network. Correlation analysis indicated associations between altered brain structures and symptoms, cognitive abilities, and social functioning. Our findings suggested that specific brain regions are implicated in ADHD pathology and associated with clinical symptoms, paving ways for developing diagnostic markers and future interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}