European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Negative symptomatology and clozapine-induced obsessive-compulsive symptoms: a cross-sectional analysis.","authors":"Phillip Kleymann, Carla Morgenroth, Stefan Gutwinski, Felix Bermpohl, Daniel Schulze, Elias Wagner, Alkomiet Hasan, Cynthia Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, Jurjen J Luykx, Marte Z van der Horst, Tatiana Oviedo-Salcedo, Stefanie Schreiter","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02021-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02021-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) frequently manifest in individuals with schizophrenia, affecting their prognosis and quality of life. The etiology of OCS in schizophrenia is complex, with theories ranging from subtype-specific manifestations to pharmacological influences. Notably, clozapine has been associated with a higher prevalence of OCS. However, the clinical factors influencing clozapine-induced OCS remain unclear. This cross-sectional study recruited individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia who were using clozapine, as well as a comparison group of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia who were using other second-generation antipsychotics (SGA). Clinical assessments included OCS which were quantified using the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R). 189 Participants were recruited, of whom 129 were taking clozapine and 60 other atypical antipsychotics. Statistical analyses, including moderated regression modeling, identified clinical factors influencing OCS occurrence. Clozapine users exhibited significantly higher OCI-R scores compared to non-clozapine users (p = 0.001). Moderated regression analysis revealed a moderating effect of negative symptom severity, indicating that when negative symptoms increased, the difference in OCI-R scores between clozapine and non-clozapine groups decreased. Other factors like duration of illness, medication duration, and psychopathology severity did not significantly moderate the group differences in OCI-R scores. As negative symptoms worsened, the impact of clozapine on OCS lessened, a pattern not seen with other antipsychotics. This suggests that clozapine's effect on OCS is specific and influenced by different mechanisms. The study recommends screening for OCS in patients with mild negative symptoms and further research into biological markers to better understand clozapine-induced OCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antianxiety effects of dexmedetomidine: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Teng Gao, Xiaoxing Liu, Siyu Liu, Fanglin Liu, Yuchen Zhou, Shaoheng Wang, Na Zeng, Yanping Bao, Yuefu Wang, Lin Lu","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02017-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02017-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite numerous studies of the anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine compared with those of other drugs or saline, the results have been inconsistent. Here we report a systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the evidence of the anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov database were searched for clinical trials that compared the anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine with those of a control group with valid anxiety scores from inception to December 29, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, this systematic review and meta-analysis included 25 clinical studies with 2159 participants who underwent surgery. The primary outcome revealed that patients who were treated with dexmedetomidine had significantly lower anxiety scores than others did overall (MD = - 1.73, 95% CI = [ - 2.33, - 1.13], p < 0.00001, I² = 86.5%). Dexmedetomidine was found to be more effective than benzodiazepines in relieving anxiety (MD = - 1.34, 95% CI = [ - 2.08, - 0.60], p = 0.0004, I² = 83.3%). The secondary outcomes revealed no significant differences in satisfaction, pain level, sedation scores or the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting between patients who were treated with dexmedetomidine and controls. However, the occurrence of bradycardia was more common in the dexmedetomidine groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this meta-analysis provided evidence of the potential of dexmedetomidine for relieving anxiety among patients who undergo surgery, with superior antianxiety effects compared with those of benzodiazepines.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu levels are associated with psychopathological symptoms and symptomatic remission in drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia.","authors":"Qi Wang, Li Li, Hongyan Zhao, Xiaomei Dong, Gang Cui, Zhongli Geng, Tianchao Xu","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02023-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02023-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Gomafu has been implicated in the onset and progression of schizophrenia. In this study, we investigated the association between the plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu levels and psychopathological symptoms, as well as symptomatic remission following short-term treatment (4 weeks), in patients with drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia (DFSZ). We measured the plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu levels in 65 DFSZ schizophrenia patients and 65 healthy matched controls. All DFSZ patients received aripiprazole treatment. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) assessment was performed to evaluate the psychotic symptoms. Cognitive function was assessed using the validated Chinese version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). We found that the expression level of plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu in DFSZ patients was significantly higher than in the healthy control group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated a high diagnostic value for plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu in identifying DFSZ, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.921. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), PANSS negative score, PANSS total score, MCCB-attention and vigilance score, MCCB-social cognition score, and MCCB-total score were independent influencing factors of the expression level of plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu in patients with DFSZ. After 4 weeks of treatment with aripiprazole, the Gomafu levels significantly decreased in DFSZ patients. Moreover, the reduction in PANSS total score was positively correlated with the decrease in Gomafu levels. The Gomafu levels at baseline of remitters was lower than that of non-remitters. ROC curve analysis further suggested that baseline Gomafu levels could predict symptomatic remission, with an AUC of 0.695. The results of our study shows that plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu levels are ssociated with psychopathological symptoms (especially negative symptoms and cognitive impairment) and symptomatic remission with short-term aripiprazole treatment. Plasma-derived exosomal Gomafu may be a biological biomarker for DFSZ. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking Gomafu to schizophrenia pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Well-being and biological cost of family members affected by substance use disorder of others.","authors":"Zhao-Rong Chen, Nian-Nian Zhang, Wen-Yu Cao, Qian Liu, Yan-Hui Cui, Xiao-Yu Lu, Jia-Yu Yao, Fang Li, Chang-Qi Li","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02019-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02019-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study assessed the well-being of family members affected (AFMs) by substance use disorder (SUD) of other family members. Mental symptoms, social avoidance, and quality of life (QoL) were measured for 775 Chinese AFMs and 206 controls. Saliva from 65 AFMs and 31 controls was analyzed for cortisol, BDNF, proBDNF, and mRNA levels of BDNF and its receptors (TrkB, P75^NTR, Sortilin). AFMs had significantly higher SCL-90 scores (t = 3.45, p < 0.01) and lower SF-36 scores (t = -4.70, p < 0.01). Of AFMs, 22.1% exhibited mental symptoms. Social support partially mediated the relationship between exposure to SUD patients and mental symptoms (effect = 0.31, SE = 0.16; 95% CI [0.02, 0.67]). Positive coping (effect = 0.03, SE = 0.01; 95% CI [0.01, 0.05]) and social support (effect = 0.02, SE = 0.01; 95% CI [0.01, 0.04]) mediated the effect of exposure to family SUD on social avoidance; positive coping mediated the effect on QoL (effect = -3.03, SE = 0.72; 95% CI [-4.58, -1.75]). AFMs exhibited higher cortisol (t = 2.10, p < 0.05) and proBDNF (t = 2.39, p < 0.05) levels and increased mRNA expression of BDNF (t = 0.66, p < 0.05) and TrkB (t = 1.12, p < 0.05). Cortisol positively predicted mental symptoms, and proBDNF negatively predicted QoL. In China, AFMs of SUD have increased risk of mental health issues and reduced QoL, likely due to elevated cortisol and proBDNF levels. Positive coping and social support are critical to mitigate these negative effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separating the effects of childhood and adult obesity on depression, subjective well-being, and suicide attempt: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Yong Zhou, Jiayue Duan, Jiayi Zhu, Yunying Huang, Jiabao Zhou, Fanqi Li, Tao Tu, Qiuzhen Lin, Yingxu Ma, Qiming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02009-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02009-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Observational studies have linked obesity, both in childhood and adulthood, with higher risks of depression, reduced subjective well-being (SWB), and suicide attempts (SA). However, the causality remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal effects of childhood and adult obesity on depression, SWB, and SA. A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to examine the causal effects of body mass index (BMI) on depression, SWB, and SA. The inverse variance weighted method was used for primary analysis. Univariable and multivariable MR were employed to assess the total and independent effects of early life and adult body size. Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger intercept were applied to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Genetically predicted BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD: OR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.06-1.22, p = 6.1 × 10⁻⁴), SA-ISGC (OR = 1.17, 95%CI = 1.08-1.27, p = 1.9 × 10⁻⁴), and SA-iPSYCH (OR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.12-1.54, p = 6.2 × 10⁻⁴). No significant causal effects of MDD, SWB, or SA on BMI were found. Early-life body size showed no direct effect on MDD or SA. However, adult body size was directly linked to increased risks of MDD (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.13-1.55, p = 4.7 × 10⁻⁴), SA-ISGC (OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.03-1.47, p = 0.022), and SA-iPSYCH (OR = 1.80, 95%CI = 1.29-2.50, p = 5.6 × 10⁻⁴). This study provides robust evidence supporting a causal link between obesity and an increased risk of both depression and SA, with adult body size exerting a more direct impact on these outcomes than early-life body size.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma biomarkers of amyloid, tau & neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and corticobasal syndrome.","authors":"Carolin Kurz, Laura Carli, Selim Üstün Gürsel, Isabelle Schrurs, Alexander Jethwa, Margherita Carboni, Tobias Bittner, Sayuri Hortsch, Daniel Keeser, Matthias Brendel, Lena Burow, Jan Haeckert, Carolin A M Koriath, Maia Tatò, Julia Utecht, Boris Papazov, Estrella Morenas-Rodriguez, Oliver Pogarell, Carla Palleis, Endy Weidinger, Sophia Stoecklein, Johannes Levin, Günter Höglinger, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Robert Perneczky","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02013-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02013-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blood-based biomarkers (BBBMs) could significantly facilitate the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-AD dementia by providing less invasive alternatives to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated how well the BBBMs-amyloid-β (Aβ) 1-42/1-40 ratio, phosphorylated tau181 (pTau181), apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL)-reflect thorough clinical work-up validated by PET and CSF biomarkers in participants with AD (n = 27), Aβ-negative CBS (n = 26), and agematched healthy controls (HC) (n = 17).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Factor and correlation explored biomarker associations. Bayesian regression, backward selection regression, and ROC curve analysis were applied to identify optimal biomarker combinations and diagnostic cut-offs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In AD cases, pTau181 and ApoE4 levels were elevated, and the Aβ1-42/1-40 ratio was reduced. ROC analysis showed high accuracy for pTau181, ApoE4 and Aβ1-42/1-40 in discriminating AD from HC, with a combination significantly improving performance. However, limited fold change, and high variability reduced the diagnostic applicability of Aβ1-42/1-40 ratio. Elevated NfL levels were the most reliable biomarker for CBS-Aβ(-) cases. GFAP showed limited discriminatory power due to overlapping levels, suggesting that it may not serve as a disease-specific biomarker but may be indicative of general neurodegeneration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the diagnostic utility of pTau181, ApoE4 and the Aβ1-42/1-40 ratio for AD and NfL in the CBS-Aβ(-) cases and emphasizes the added value of combined biomarker models for group differentiation. Prospective studies will help validate these findings and refine clinical thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical complexity in eating disorders: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis.","authors":"Enrico Collantoni, Gianni Pessotto, Valentina Meregalli, Christopher R Madan, Alessandro Miola, Giammarco Cascino, Alessio Maria Monteleone, Angela Favaro","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02001-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02001-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric conditions with neurodevelopmental and neuroprogressive underpinnings. Altered cortical morphology, including gyrification patterns, may reflect these processes, offering insights into EDs pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and qualitative synthesis aimed to describe available neuroimaging findings on cortical complexity, including gyrification and sulcal morphology, in individuals with EDs compared to healthy controls (HC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen studies, including 525 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), 69 patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and 478 HC, were reviewed. Data on local gyrification index (LGI), sulcal morphology, and related cortical measures were systematically analyzed to identify consistent patterns of brain alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A consistent reduction in LGI across frontal, temporal, and parietal regions was reported in patients with acute AN compared to HC. These findings suggest the presence of an altered cortical folding in AN, with alterations that may partially normalize following weight restoration. Studies on bulimia nervosa (BN) are limited, with findings remaining inconclusive. Emerging metrics, such as absolute mean curvature and fractal dimension, provide further insights but lack methodological consistency across studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Altered cortical folding patterns, particularly decreased gyrification, may reflect neurodevelopmental disruption and the state-dependent effects of malnutrition in AN. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and standardized neuroimaging methods to clarify these findings and expand knowledge on BN and binge eating disorder (BED).</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques in Alleviating Symptoms Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Wan-Ting Chen, Tso-Yi Chao, Wei-Zhi Huang, Chih-Wei Hsu, Ping-Tao Tseng, Nian-Sheng Tzeng, Hsin-An Chang, Chin-Bin Yeh, Ju-Ping Weng, Ping-Hsuan Hsieh, Tien-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02000-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02000-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Energy psychology, particularly emotional freedom techniques (EFT), has gained attention as a non-pharmacological treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of EFT in alleviating PTSD symptoms. This meta-analysis follows PRISMA guidelines. We conducted a literature search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Airiti Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for relevant studies published before December 31, 2024. The meta-analysis included 13 studies involving 621 patients. Our findings showed that EFT significantly improved PTSD symptoms compared to the baseline (standardized mean difference [SMD]: - 0.901; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: - 1.130- - 0.671; Hedge's g: -0.865) and was more effective than the control group (SMD: - 2.106; 95% CI: - 2.759- - 1.452; Hedge's g: -2.062). Furthermore, anxiety (SMD: - 0.591; 95% CI: - 0.726- - 0.456; Hedge's g: -0.567) and depression (SMD: - 0.516; 95% CI: - 0.654- - 0.377; Hedge's g: -0.495) scores decreased significantly compared to the baseline. Notably, these treatment effects were sustained for up to three months for PTSD severity (SMD: - 0.757; 95% CI: - 0.967- - 0.547; Hedge's g: -0.723), anxiety (SMD: - 0.522; 95% CI: - 0.683- - 0.361; Hedge's g: -0.498), and depression (SMD: - 0.420; 95% CI: - 0.542- - 0.298; Hedge's g: -0.402). The subgroup analysis of veterans revealed that EFT effectively reduced PTSD symptoms (SMD: - 1.159; 95% CI: - 1.441- - 0.877; Hedge's g: -1.102), anxiety (SMD: - 0.715; 95% CI: - 0.943- - 0.487; Hedge's g: -0.676), and depression (SMD: - 0.627; 95% CI: - 0.803- - 0.451; Hedge's g: -0.597). EFT effectively treated PTSD and reduced comorbid symptoms, including anxiety and depression. Moreover, its therapeutic effect could be applied in veteran populations and sustained for up to three months.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BDNF mediates the heart-brain axis: implications for cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders.","authors":"Fan Huang, Jiahao Duan, Wei Liu, Chun Yang, Ling Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02016-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02016-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The comorbidity of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and mental disorders (MD) has become a significant challenge in modern medicine, severely affecting patients' quality of life and prognosis. The heart-brain axis, a bidirectional pathway connecting the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system, plays a critical role in the comorbidity mechanisms of CVDs and MD. In recent years, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a key molecule in the study of CVDs and MD. By binding with high affinity to TrkB receptors and activating various signaling pathways, BDNF exerts multiple functions in both the nervous and cardiovascular systems. BDNF may participate in the pathogenesis of CVDs combined with MD through multiple mechanisms such as regulating inflammatory responses, oxidative stress (OS), and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, making it a promising new target for future diagnosis and treatment. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms by which BDNF functions in heart-brain comorbidity, particularly its multifaceted influence on inflammation, OS, and neuroendocrine regulation. Additionally, we discuss the clinical application prospects of BDNF in disease diagnosis and treatment, as well as progress in related drug development. A deeper understanding of BDNF's role in the heart-brain axis will provide new insights and strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CVDs and MD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders among young adults with a history of residential youth care - a two-wave longitudinal study of stability and change.","authors":"Hanne Klæboe Greger, Nanna Sønnichsen Kayed, Stine Lehmann, Thomas Jozefiak, Stian Lydersen, Lars Wichstrøm, Katrine Kveli Fjukstad","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02007-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02007-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among youth in residential youth care (RYC) there is a high load of experienced adversities and a high prevalence of mental disorders. Less is known about the stability and change of mental disorders and whether individual or contextual factors that are protective of adult mental disorders could be identified. The current study is a 10-year follow-up of young adults with a history of RYC in Norway. At baseline (T1), 76% met criteria of a mental disorder. At follow-up (T2), diagnostic psychiatric interviews were conducted by phone by experienced doctors and psychologists. A response rate of 52% was achieved (n = 157). Criteria for at least one present mental disorder were fulfilled by 77.6%. The most prevalent single disorders were PTSD (42.1%), agoraphobia (33.3%), social phobia (27.9%), major depressive episode (23.1%), specific phobia (21.1%), and ADHD (19.2%). Most participants had more than one mental disorder. Among those with a diagnosis at T1, completing high school was the only factor found to be associated with no diagnosis at T2 (p = 0.019), whereas no statistically significant association was found with sex, age at first placement and received aftercare. We found a very high prevalence of mental disorders and a high rate of comorbidity comparable to the prevalence at baseline. This shows high stability of psychopathology from adolescence into adulthood. Ensuring access to high quality mental health services for young adults with a history of living in RYC is important. Prevention and early intervention, such as aid to complete education, should be prioritized for young people with high risk of developing mental disorders. Response rate, sample size and selection bias are discussed as possible limitations to the study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}