Nano Express最新文献_第9页

Electron transport in discontinuous metal thin films 不连续金属薄膜中的电子输运

Nano Express Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac550c

James Morris

引用次数: 0

Amorphous silica nanoparticles (nSP50) exacerbate hepatic damage through the activation of acquired cell-mediated immunity 无定形二氧化硅纳米颗粒(nSP50)通过激活获得性细胞介导的免疫而加剧肝损伤

Nano Express Pub Date : 2022-01-14 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac4bb0

S. Eto, K. Higashisaka, Aoi Koshida, Kenta Sato, Mao Ogura, M. Sakurai, H. Tsujino, K. Nagano, Y. Tsutsumi

{"title":"Amorphous silica nanoparticles (nSP50) exacerbate hepatic damage through the activation of acquired cell-mediated immunity","authors":"S. Eto, K. Higashisaka, Aoi Koshida, Kenta Sato, Mao Ogura, M. Sakurai, H. Tsujino, K. Nagano, Y. Tsutsumi","doi":"10.1088/2632-959X/ac4bb0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ac4bb0","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their innovative functions, the use of nanoparticles in various industries has been expanding. However, a key concern is whether nanoparticles induce unexpected biological effects. Although many studies have focused on innate immunity, information on whether nanoparticles induce biological responses through effects on acquired immunity is sparse. Here, to assess the effects of amorphous silica nanoparticles on acquired immunity, we analyzed changes in acute toxicities after pretreatment with amorphous silica nanoparticles (50 nm in diameter; nSP50). Pretreatment with nSP50 biochemically and pathologically exacerbated nSP50-induced hepatic damage in immunocompetent mice, while pretreatment with nSP50 did not exacerbate hepatic damage in immunodeficient mice. Consistent with this, the depletion of CD8+ cells with an anti-CD8 antibody in animals pretreated with nSP50 resulted in lower plasma levels of hepatic injury markers such as ALT and AST after an intravenous administration than treatment with an isotype-matched control antibody. Finally, stimulation of splenocytes promoted the release of IFN-γ in nSP50-pretreated mice regardless of the stimulator used. Moreover, the blockade of IFN-γ decreased plasma levels of ALT and AST levels in nSP50-pretreated mice. Collectively, these data show that nSP50-induced acquired immunity leads to exacerbation of hepatic damage through the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122049263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Potential of Nanofluids Containing Different Ag Nanoparticle Size Distributions for Enhanced Solar Energy Conversion in Hybrid Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) Applications 含不同银纳米颗粒分布的纳米流体在光电-热混合(PVT)应用中增强太阳能转换的潜力评估

Nano Express Pub Date : 2022-01-11 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac49f2

J. Walshe, J. Doran, G. Amarandei

{"title":"Evaluation of the Potential of Nanofluids Containing Different Ag Nanoparticle Size Distributions for Enhanced Solar Energy Conversion in Hybrid Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) Applications","authors":"J. Walshe, J. Doran, G. Amarandei","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ac49f2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ac49f2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hybridising photovoltaic and photothermal technologies into a single system that can simultaneously deliver heat and power represents one of the leading strategies for generating clean energy at more affordable prices. In a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) system, the capability to modulate the thermal and electrical power output is significantly influenced by the spectral properties of the heat transfer fluid utilised. In this study, we report on one of the first experimental evaluations of the capability of a multimodal silver nanofluid containing various particle shapes and particle sizes to selectively modulate the solar energy for PVT applications. The diverse set of particle properties led up to a 50.4% enhancement in the solar energy absorbed by the nanofluid over the 300 nm – 550 nm spectral region, where silicon is known to exhibit poor photovoltaic conversion performances. This improved substantially the absorption of solar energy, with an additional 18 – 129 W m-2 of thermal power being generated by the PVT system. Along with the advancements made in the thermal power output of the PVT system, a decrease of 4.7 – 36.6 W m-2 in the electrical power generated by the photovoltaic element was noted. Thus, for every ~11 W m-2 increase of thermal power achieved through the addition of the nanoparticles, a reduction of ~3 W m-2 in the ability to generate clean electricity was sustained by the PVT. Despite the energy trade-offs involved under the conditions of the nanofluid, the PVT system cumulatively harvested 405 W m-2 of solar energy, which amounts to a total conversion efficiency of 45%. Furthermore, the economics of the additional energy harvested through merging of the two systems was found to reach an enhancement of 77% under certain European conditions.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132212808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Recent advances in g-C3N4 based gas sensors for the detection of toxic and flammable gases: a review 基于g-C3N4的有毒和可燃气体检测气体传感器的最新进展综述

Nano Express Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac477b

Vijendra Singh Bhati, Vishakha Takhar, R. Raliya, Mahesh Kumar, R. Banerjee

{"title":"Recent advances in g-C3N4 based gas sensors for the detection of toxic and flammable gases: a review","authors":"Vijendra Singh Bhati, Vishakha Takhar, R. Raliya, Mahesh Kumar, R. Banerjee","doi":"10.1088/2632-959X/ac477b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ac477b","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, many 2D nanomaterials like graphene, MoS2, phosphorene, and metal oxide nanosheets have been investigated for gas sensing applications due to their excellent properties. Amongst other 2D nanomaterials, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted significant attention owing to its simple synthesis process, tunable electronic properties, and exceptional physicochemical properties. Such remarkable properties assert g-C3N4 as a potential candidate for the next-generation high-performance gas sensors employed in the detection of toxic and flammable gases. Although several articles and reviews are available on g-C3N4 for their synthesis, functionalities, and applications for the detection of humidity. Few of them have focused their attention on gas sensing using g-C3N4. Thus, in this review, we have methodically summed up the recent advances in g-C3N4 and its composites-based gas sensor for the detection of toxic and flammable gases. Moreover, we have also incorporated the synthesis strategies and the comprehensive physics of g-C3N4 based gas sensors. Additionally, different approaches are presented for the enhancement of gas sensing/detecting properties of g-C3N4 based gas sensors. Finally, the challenges and future scope of g-C3N4 based gas sensors for real-time monitoring of gases have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129004892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Engineering sensitivity and spectral range of photodetection in van der Waals materials and hybrids 范德华材料和杂化材料中光电探测的工程灵敏度和光谱范围

Nano Express Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac46b9

S. Sett, Aparna Parappurath, Navkiranjot Kaur Gill, N. Chauhan, A. Ghosh

引用次数: 5

Bouncing dynamics of electrostatically actuated NEM switches 静电驱动NEM开关的弹跳动力学

Nano Express Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac4668

Mohamed Bognash, S. Asokanthan

{"title":"Bouncing dynamics of electrostatically actuated NEM switches","authors":"Mohamed Bognash, S. Asokanthan","doi":"10.1088/2632-959X/ac4668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ac4668","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present research is to understand the bouncing dynamic behavior of nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches in order to improve switch performance and reliability. It is well known that bouncing can dramatically degrade the switch performance and life; hence, in the present study, the bouncing dynamics of a cantilever-based NEM switch has been studied in detail. To this end, the repulsive van der Waals force is incorporated into a nano-switch model to capture the contact dynamics. Intermolecular forces, surface effects, and gas rarefication effects were also included in the proposed model. The Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and an approximate approach based on Galerkin’s method have been employed to predict transient dynamic responses. In the present study, performance parameters such as initial contact time, permanent contact time, major bounce height, and the number of bounces, were quantified in the presence of interactive system nonlinearities. The performance parameters were used to investigate the influence of surface effects and rarefication effects on the performance of an electrostatically actuated switch. Recommended operating conditions are suggested to avoid excessive bouncing for these types of NEM switches.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115964692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Planar narrowband Tamm plasmon-based hot-electron photodetectors with double distributed Bragg reflectors 基于双分布布拉格反射器的平面窄带Tamm等离子体热电子光电探测器

Nano Express Pub Date : 2021-11-12 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac396b

Weijia Shao, Tingting Liu

{"title":"Planar narrowband Tamm plasmon-based hot-electron photodetectors with double distributed Bragg reflectors","authors":"Weijia Shao, Tingting Liu","doi":"10.1088/2632-959X/ac396b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ac396b","url":null,"abstract":"Hot-electron photodetectors (HE PDs) are attracting a great deal of attention from plasmonic community. Many efficient HE PDs with various plasmonic nanostructures have been demonstrated, but their preparations usually rely on complicated and costly fabrication techniques. Planar HE PDs are viewed as potential candidates of cost-effective and large-area applications, but they likely fail in the simultaneous achievement of outstanding optical absorption and hot-electron collection. To reconcile the contradiction between optical and electrical requirements, herein, we propose a planar HE PD based on optical Tamm plasmons (TPs) consisted of an ultrathin gold film (10 nm) sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). Simulated results show that strong optical absorption (>0.95) in the ultrathin Au film is realized. Electrical calculations show that the predicted peak photo-responsivity of proposed HE PD with double DBRs is over two times larger than that of conventional single-DBR HE PD. Moreover, the planar dual-DBR HE PDs exhibit a narrowband photodetection functionality and sustained performance under oblique incidences. The optical nature associated with TP resonance is elaborated.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128259858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Analysis of the charging kinetics in silver nanoparticles-silica nanocomposite dielectrics at different temperatures 不同温度下纳米银-二氧化硅复合电介质的充电动力学分析

Nano Express Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac3886

C. Djaou, C. Villeneuve-Faure, K. Makasheva, L. Boudou, G. Teyssèdre

{"title":"Analysis of the charging kinetics in silver nanoparticles-silica nanocomposite dielectrics at different temperatures","authors":"C. Djaou, C. Villeneuve-Faure, K. Makasheva, L. Boudou, G. Teyssèdre","doi":"10.1088/2632-959X/ac3886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ac3886","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric nanocomposite materials are now involved in a large panel of electrical engineering applications ranging from micro-/nano-electronics to power devices. The performances of all these systems are critically dependent on the evolution of the electrical properties of the dielectric parts, especially under temperature increase. In this study we investigate the impact of a single plane of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), embedded near the surface of a thin silica (SiO2) layer, on the electric field distribution, the charge injection and the charge dynamic processes for different AgNPs-based nanocomposites and various temperatures in the range 25°C–110°C. The electrical charges are injected locally by using an Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) tip and the related surface potential profile is probed by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). To get deeper in the understanding of the physical phenomena, the electric field distribution in the AgNPs-based nanocomposites is computed by using a Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The results show a strong electrostatic coupling between the AFM tip and the AgNPs, as well as between the AgNPs when the AgNPs-plane is embedded in the vicinity of the SiO2-layer surface. At low temperature (25°C) the presence of an AgNPs-plane close to the surface, i.e., at a distance of 7 nm, limits the amount of injected charges. Besides, the AgNPs retain the injected charges and prevent from charge lateral spreading after injection. When the temperature is relatively high (110°C) the amount of injected charges is increased in the nanocomposites compared to low temperatures. Moreover, the speed of lateral charge spreading is increased for the AgNPs-based nanocomposites. All these findings imply that the lateral charge transport in the nanocomposite structures is favored by the closely situated AgNPs because of the strong electrostatic coupling between them, additionally activated by the temperature increase.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116743597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Study of thermoplasmonic properties of gold nanodimer in visible -infrared region of electromagnetic spectrum 金纳米二聚体在电磁波谱可见-红外区的热等离子体特性研究

Nano Express Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac37b1

N. Pathak, P. Sarathi

{"title":"Study of thermoplasmonic properties of gold nanodimer in visible -infrared region of electromagnetic spectrum","authors":"N. Pathak, P. Sarathi","doi":"10.1088/2632-959X/ac37b1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ac37b1","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the heat generation in gold nanodimer when irradiated at their localized surface plasmon resonances is investigated numerically. The theoretical calculations are performed employing the first principal approach to obtain the absorption cross-section of gold nanodimer for different parameter ranges. The heating mechanism is enumerated in terms of its temperature by solving the steady-state heat transfer equation which depends on the absorption cross-section and surface plasmon resonance wavelength. These surface plasmon resonances are quite sensitive to the distance between the dimer and have been tuned from visible to IR range by managing the distance between spheres from 0 to 6 nm. The computation of normalized electric field distribution of gold nanodimer under the plasmon resonance has been mapped using boundary element method(BEM) which enables visualization of the local hot spot that plays a significant role in optical heating applications. The work furnishes the basic understanding of the heating mechanism of gold nanodimer which can find application as plasmonic nanoheaters in several branches of science in visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125930338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Role of nanostructuring of sensing materials in performance of electrical gas sensors by combining with extra strategies 传感材料的纳米结构结合额外策略对电气体传感器性能的影响

Nano Express Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.1088/2632-959X/ac3636

B. I. Adamu, Peipei Chen, Weiguo Chu

{"title":"Role of nanostructuring of sensing materials in performance of electrical gas sensors by combining with extra strategies","authors":"B. I. Adamu, Peipei Chen, Weiguo Chu","doi":"10.1088/2632-959X/ac3636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ac3636","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nanostructuring, including tailoring dimensionality, size and morphology, and nanopatterning, is well recognized to play an increasingly important role in sensing units/chips of electrical gas sensors. As two predominant and fundamental configurations, chemiresistor- and field emission transistor (FET)-based electrical gas sensors are receiving increasing attention for fundamental research and practical applications. Herein, state-of-the-art overviews of electrical gas sensors are presented with emphasis on the role of nanostructuring in sensing units for both chemiresistors and FETs types, the strategies for their performance enhancement, and some key sensing mechanisms involved. Nanostructuring of sensing units and their dependence of the performance of chemiresistor- and FET-based gas sensors are discussed according to zero- (0D), one-(1D), two- (2D), and three-dimension (3D), respectively. Other types of gas sensors are also mentioned briefly. Some particular strategies such as loading external heat and light sources, electrical field, and mechanical forces for providing extra freedom to improve and optimize the performance are introduced in detail. Finally, a summary and future perspectives about gas sensors are given with some novel strategies, ideas, and solutions that could make it possible to meet the requirements of rapid industrialization, informatization, intelligentization, and population expansion.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132485308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0