Nano Express最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the efficiency of green synthesized silver nanoparticles as photocatalysts for organic dye degradation: unveiling key insights","authors":"Aman Sharma, Sachin Sunny, James Arulraj, G. Hegde","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad4d09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad4d09","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received a lot of interest for their several applications, including their remarkable potential as photocatalysts for organic dye degradation. This research thoroughly investigates the efficacy of ecologically friendly, green-synthesized AgNPs in the treatment of synthetic dye-contaminated wastewater. The synthesis of AgNPs from various biological substrates is investigated, emphasizing their economic viability, significant conductivity, and considerable biocompatibility. The improper disposal of synthetic dyes in wastewater poses severe environmental and health risks due to their non-biodegradable nature and persistent chemical features. In response to this challenge, this review paper investigates the capability of AgNPs to serve as effective photocatalysts for degrading a range of organic dyes commonly found in industrial effluents. Specific dyes, including Aniline Blue, Congo Red, Nitrophenol, Methylene Blue, and Malachite Green, are studied in the context of wastewater treatment, providing insights into the efficacy of AgNPs synthesized from diverse biological sources. The review sheds light on the photocatalytic degradation methods used by green-synthesized AgNPs, shedding light on the transition of these synthetic dyes into less hazardous compounds. It also delves into the toxicity aspect of the AgNPs and its possible remediation from the environment. The ecologically friendly synthesis procedures investigated in this work provide an alternative to traditional methods, highlighting the importance of sustainable technologies in solving modern environmental concerns. Furthermore, a comparative examination of various biological substrates for AgNPs synthesis is presented, evaluating their respective dye degradation efficiencies. This not only helps researchers understand the environmental impact of synthetic dyes, but it also directs them in choosing the best substrates for the production of AgNPs with enhanced photocatalytic activities.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"1 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140963438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning framework for the prediction of antibacterial capacity of silver nanoparticles","authors":"Priya Mary, A Mujeeb","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad4c80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad4c80","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The biocompatibility property has made silver nanoparticles powerful candidates for various nanomedical applications. Research interest in silver nanoparticles as a viable alternative to antibiotics is gaining more attention due to their enhanced antimicrobial activity, better antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity. Machine Learning (ML) has become a state-of-the-art analytic and modelling tool in recent times, due to its prediction capabilities and increased accuracy of the results. In this work, we present machine-learning techniques to predict the antibacterial capacity of silver nanoparticles and extended the work on antifungal studies. In the first phase, we reviewed 50 articles and collected data points for training the model, which consists of features such as core size, shape of the nanoparticle, dosage, bacteria/fungi species and zone of inhibition (ZOI). Then, we trained the data using eight different machine-learning regression algorithms and validated the models' performance using four metrics such as RMSE, MSE, MAE and R2. Furthermore, the importance of features used in the prediction models has been evaluated. The feature importance revealed that the core size of silver nanoparticles is the prominent feature in the prediction of the antibacterial capacity. The optimum model for the prediction of antibacterial and antifungal activity has been identified. Finally, the model’s validation has also been demonstrated. This work enables researchers to utilize Machine Learning which in turn can address the challenges of time consumption, and cost in laboratory experiments while minimising the reliance on trial and error.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"58 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antimicrobial synergy of polymer based nanofiber mats reinforced with antioxidants intercalated layered double hydroxides as a potential active packaging material","authors":"Ineesha Piumali Madhushika, P. Yapa, I. Munaweera, C. Sandaruwan, M. M. Weerasekera","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad4a95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad4a95","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Perishable food post-harvest loss is a major global concern, and research is currently concentrated on creating active packaging materials. This research is focused in multiple antioxidants intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) that are combined in one matrix, and their overall effect that defines as synergism, which successfully preserves perishable food by releasing antioxidants slowly. For this purpose, a hybrid LDH material of ascorbic-LDH, salicylic-LDH, and citric-LDH was synthesized, characterized and incorporate into electrospun nanofiber mat to be used as a potential active packaging material. Antioxidants intercalated Mg/Al LDH was synthesized and successfully characterized by PXRD, FTIR, XPS, Raman, SEM and EDS. The shifts in the LDHs' peaks in PXRD indicated the successful incorporation of antioxidants into LDH. FTIR, Raman and XPS data clearly indicated the establishment of metal-oxygen bonds by observing the characteristic peaks. Morphological features and layered structure were clearly observed by SEM images. Antioxidants were slowly released from LDHs, and it was evaluated for time intervals up to 24 hrs. The hybrid LDH material exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 132.5µg/mL, where 234.1, 354.5, and 402.2µg/mL were reported for ascorbic-LDH, salicylic-LDH, and citric-LDH respectively. The hybrid LDH material incorporated electrospun mats showed the best antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria and clearly evidenced the synergistic activity of the combination of the nanohybrids. It has showed a minimal bacterial growth compared to other control samples (∼2.41 log CFU/mL). The shelf life of cherry tomatoes was studied at different physiochemical parameters with and without hybrid LDH material incorporated electrospun mats. The mat showed an extended shelf life of 42 days for cherry tomatoes, whereas the control sample showed a shelf life of 17 days. It is concluded that hybrid LDH material exhibited synergistic performance and the best antioxidant activity when comparing with mono LDH materials.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"36 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of MoS2/Si heterostructure to study charge transfer dynamics","authors":"Vartika Tiwari, Aditya Kushwaha, Neeraj Goel","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad4a96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad4a96","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Here, we synthesized a MoS₂/Si heterojunction device using a scalable approach involving DC sputtering copuled with sulfurization. The observed current-voltage characteristics unequivocally indicate a rectifying behavior at MoS₂/Si heterointerface. To quantitatively assess the carrier dynamics, a comprehensive analysis utilizing thermionic emission and Landauer transport formalism model was employed. The spatial variation in current across the MoS₂/Si devices suggests a potential influence of MoS₂'s in-plane series resistance. Furthermore, the electrical behavior of the device is found to be temperature-dependent, with higher temperatures resulting in enhanced conductivity attributed to an increase in thermally generated charge carriers. As temperature rises, the Landauer current model observes an increased ratio of density of states to carrier injection rate, along with other temperature-dependent terms. Meanwhile, the thermionic current model maintains a fixed effective value for its material-dependent term, the Richardson constant, irrespective of temperature changes. Therefore, a comparative analysis between thermionic emission and Landauer transport formalism reveals that the conventional thermionic emission model better aligns with experimentally observed leakage current in reverse bias, showcasing a minimal barrier height at the heterojunction. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the charge transfer mechanisms at the MoS₂/Si interface, opening avenues for its potential innovative applications in electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing rare earth titanates to improve performance of solid-state electrochromic device","authors":"Ritu Nain, Love Bansal, P. Sagdeo, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad4795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad4795","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Exploring new materials and synthesis recipes are required to enhance the electrochromic performance especially when used in solid-state devices. Here polycrystalline gadolinium titanate (Gd2TiO5 or GTO), synthesized using a simple solid-state reaction method, has been used for this purpose by combining it with polythiophene (P3HT). The electrochemical investigation of Gd2TiO5 doped P3HT electrode has been carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) which reveals the dominance of diffusion-controlled mechanism over charge storage on the electrode surface as compared to the P3HT electrode. The Gd2TiO5 doped P3HT solid-state electrochromic device shows color modulation at 515 nm and 670 nm wavelengths with color contrast of as high as 79% and 42%, respectively, under the external bias of as low as ± 1.4 V. The prepared device switches between maroon to transparent state in less than a second under the external bias (± 1.4 V) with a high coloration efficiency of 346 cm2/C. The device shows improved cycle life over 100 switching cycles at both the wavelengths, which makes it more suitable for real-life applications.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"43 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141014012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of charge-compensation process on the structural, microstructure and electrical properties of pure and Nb-doped Sr2SnO4","authors":"Manisha Jatiya, Vedika Yadav, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Upendra Kumar","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad472d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad472d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores the charge compensation method by synthesising Sr2SnO4, Sr2Sn0.99Nb0.01O4, and Sr1.995Sn0.99Nb0.01O4. The synthesis of a monophasic, tetragonal sample was achieved using a typical ceramic approach and high-temperature heat treatment. The XRD followed by Rietveld refinement, confirmed the crystallization of material under the space group I4/mmm. The crystallite sizes for all samples determined to be less than 50 nm, while the micro-strain falls within the range of (1.78-2.93)x10-3. The microstructure exhibits a cuboidal shape for all samples, and the grain size is observed to decrease with the addition of Nb. The dielectric characteristics of the samples indicate the existence of Maxwell-Wagner and Orientational polarization in the sample. The sample Sr2Sn0.99Nb0.01O4 demonstrates a greater conductivity value compared to Sr1.995Sn0.99Nb0.01O4. This is attributed to the presence of excess electrons that compensate for the overall charge, as opposed to Sr1.995Sn0.99Nb0.01O4 where the extra charge is compensated by a cationic vacancy V_Sr^''. The time-temperature-superposition principle (TTSP) is applicable to all compositions and indicates that similar sources are responsible for both conduction and relaxation processes. The dielectric permittivity and dissipation factor are found to be in the range of 150 to 175 and 0.2 to 0.5, respectively. This suggests that they have potential for future use in millimeter-wave communication with dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs). Due to the presence of oxygen ions and the ability to conduct both ions and electrons, at temperatures above 400℃, it is a suitable choice for electrode materials in the application of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFCs). Exploring the manipulation of defects using electrical and ionic charge compensation methods shows potential for enhancing materials in semiconductor technology.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite dimension of the ion pathway networks in conducting glasses","authors":"Fabricio O. Sanchez-Varretti, J. Iguain, Juan Manuel Alonso, M. A. Frechero","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad472e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad472e","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In disordered materials, the ordinary understanding is that charge carriers tend to occupy energetically favorable sites known as ion-conducting channels. Many studies have revealed that the inherent fractal properties of such pathways lead to a sub-diffusive behavior. The linearity or branching of these pathways is crucial for determining how the charge carriers move. It can be thought that as the space dimensionality decreases, the average distance between the highest energy barriers along the conduction paths increases. In this study the finite dimension of those pathways is computed using an extended version of the classical Hausdorff dimension. Also, the Arrhenius behavior of the most mobile lithium ions is proved, confirming that such are responsible for conductivity behavior. The lithium ions mobility behavior in response to temperature changes and the finite dimension allowed to identify the ion diffusion regions fractal features. The reported results demonstrate that as the temperature increases the conducting channels become broadener, facilitating the transfer of electrical charge through the glassy matrix, below the transition temperature. The pathways behavior confirms the increase of the ionic conductivity when the temperature increases as it is experimentally observed.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"75 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based model for the intelligent estimation of critical heat flux in nanofluids","authors":"Shahin Alipour Bonab, M. Yazdani-Asrami","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad461d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad461d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The rising demand for advanced energy systems requires enhanced thermal management strategies to maximize resource utilization and productivity. This study intends to address the critical need for efficient heat transfer mechanisms in industrial energy systems, particularly those relying on pool boiling conditions, by mainly focusing on Critical Heat Flux (CHF). In fact, CHF keeps a limit in thermal system design, beyond which the efficiency of the system drops. Recent research materials have highlighted nanofluids' superior heat transfer properties over conventional pure fluids, like water, which makes them a considerable substitution for improving CHF in cooling systems. However, the broad variability in experimental outcomes challenges the development of a unified predictive model. Besides, Machine Learning (ML) based prediction has shown great accuracy for modelling of the designing parameters, including CHF. Utilizing ML algorithms—Cascade Forward Neural Network (CFNN), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Extra Tree, and Light Gradient Boosting Method (LightGBM)— four predictive models have been developed and the benchmark shows CFNN's superior accuracy with an average goodness of fit of 89.32%, significantly higher than any available model in the literature. Also, the iterative stability analysis demonstrated that this model with a 0.0348 standard deviation and 0.0268 mean absolute deviation is the most stable and robust method that its performance minorly changes with input data. The novelty of the work mainly lies in the prediction of CHF with these advanced algorithms models to enhance the reliability and accuracy of CHF prediction for designing purposes, which are capable to consider many effective parameters into account with very higher accuracy than mathematical fittings. This study not only explains the complex interplay of nanofluid parameters affecting CHF, but also offers practical implications for the design of more efficient thermal management systems, thereby contributing to the broader field of energy system enhancement through innovative cooling solutions.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"68 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141030765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instant green synthesis: obtaining stable nanoparticles and understanding the extract's behavior in the particle formation mechanism","authors":"Nicolas Souza Franco, Patrícia Mathias Döll Boscardin, Marcela Moreira Terhaag, Ótavio Akira Sakai, Giselle Giovanna do Couto de Oliveira","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad461b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad461b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Numerous plant extracts are abundant in biomolecules that can be employed in the biogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles owing to their potent reducing capabilities. The mechanism by which biomolecules act as reducers and expedite the reduction of silver ions remains poorly understood. This study presents an instantaneous and environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using varying concentrations of commercially available green tea and concentrations of a dextrose-reducing solution. The AgNPs formed instantaneously, likely due to the competitive reaction between the polyphenols present in green tea and the dextrose. The best AgNPs produced using a diluted green tea solution at a concentration of 0.05 g of tea/mL (showed DPPH 0.013 ±(0.1)μmol TEAC/g, FRAP 10.3±(0.1) μmol TEAC/g and TPC 0.12±(0.001) μgGAE/g) and 100 μL of dextrose solution exhibited high stability over a period of 90 days, as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. The resulting nanoparticles are extremely small, measuring approximately 30 to 50 nm in size, and exhibit a spherical morphology as evidenced by SEM imaging. The plasmon band of AgNPs is a more prominent and formed band in more diluted tea and higher proportions of dextrose added. Probably, the results of 2nd extraction of green tea diluted that was viewed in the results of DPPH, FRAP, TPC, and HPLC can be evidence that phenolic compounds, mainly, caffeine and gallic acid, are contributing to forming the silver nanoparticles. This fundamental knowledge showed the method employed is ecologically sound and adheres to green principles.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"22 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141039327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple and highly efficient approach towards the degradation of methylene blue and study the impact of degraded water on seed germination of cicer arietinum","authors":"Amit Ahlawat, Pawan S Rana, Pratima R. Solanki","doi":"10.1088/2632-959x/ad2fd0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ad2fd0","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The scarcity of fresh air, drinking water, and soil is a matter of serious concern worldwide owing to the presence of organic pollutants in the environment. The organic dye, such as methylene blue (MB) has enormous toxic effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, the degradation of non-biodegradable dyes is very important to reduce toxicity in water and-a step towards waste water management systems. This paper focuses on the degradation of non-biodegradable MB dye using carbon quantum dots (CQDs). CQDs were synthesized by microwave irradiation method using citric acid and L-cysteine as precursor and it was further confirmed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectrum, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy techniques. The optical properties of the synthesized CQDs of 8 nm, were investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy technique and the absorption peak appeared at 340 nm which corresponding to n → π* transition. In photoluminescence (PL) spectra analysis, the highest emission peak was obtained at 440 nm when excited at 345 nm. The synthesized CQDs were used for the dye degradation of MB in distilled water and degradation percentage was calculated and found to be 99.17 % in 90 minutes under UV light irradiation. Also, studied the impact of degraded water in seed germination of Cicer arietinum (black gramme) and calculated the seed germination growth rate in degraded water was found to be 15-20 % more than the seed germination growth rate in MB containing dye water.","PeriodicalId":118165,"journal":{"name":"Nano Express","volume":"60 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}