Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Mental health–related structural stigma and discrimination in health and social policies in Nepal: A scoping review and synthesis","authors":"D. Gurung, M. Neupane, K. Bhattarai, B. Acharya, N. C. Gautam, K. Gautam, S. Koirala, K. Marahatta, P. Gurung, K. B. Khadka, B. A. Kohrt, G. Thornicroft, P. C. Gronholm","doi":"10.1017/s2045796023000823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2045796023000823","url":null,"abstract":"Aims National policies can be used to reveal structural stigma and discrimination in relation to mental health. This review assesses how structural stigma and discrimination are manifested in the policies and legislations of Government of Nepal. Methods Scoping review methodology was followed to review policy documents (acts of parliament, legislation, policies, strategies, guidelines and official directives) drafted or amended after 2010. Results Eighty-nine policies were identified related to health, social welfare, development and regulations which were relevant to people with psychosocial and mental disabilities or have addressed the mental health agendas. Several critical policy failings and gaps are revealed, such as the use of stigmatizing language (e.g., ‘insane’ or ‘lunatic’), inconsistencies within and between policies, deviation from international protocols defining legal capacity and consent, lack of inclusion of the mental health agenda in larger development policies and lack of cost-effective interventions and identification of financing mechanisms. Provisions for people living with mental health conditions included adequate standard of living; attaining standard mental health; the right to exercise legal capacity, liberty and security; freedom from torture or discrimination; and right to live independently. However, other policies contradicted these rights, such as prohibiting marriage, candidacy for and retention of positions of authority and vulnerability to imprisonment. Conclusion Mental health–related structural stigma and discrimination in Nepal can be identified through the use of discriminator language and provisions in the policies. The structural stigma and discrimination may be addressed through revision of the discriminating policies, integrating the mental health agenda into larger national and provincial policies, and streamlining policies to comply with national and international protocols.","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138581123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advance statements in mental healthcare: time to close the evidence to practice gap.","authors":"Antonio Lasalvia, Sara Patuzzo, Esther Braun, Claire Henderson","doi":"10.1017/S2045796023000835","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2045796023000835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article discusses advance statements in mental health care, which allow individuals with mental disorders to express their preferences for treatment during mental health crises. Despite the evidence supporting their effectiveness, their implementation in clinical practice remains limited. This article explores variations among advance statements, such as psychiatric advance directives (PADs), joint crisis plans (JCPs) and self-binding directives (SBDs), highlighting their content, development process and legal status. We outline the benefits of advance statements, including empowerment, early intervention, improved therapeutic relationships and reduced compulsory admissions. We then draw attention to the challenges that may contribute to their lack of implementation, including legal complexities, communication issues, cultural factors, potential inequities, healthcare provider knowledge, changing preferences, resource constraints, crisis responses, data privacy, family involvement, and long-term evaluation. In conclusion, advance statements offer significant benefits but require addressing these critical aspects to ensure ethical and effective use. Bridging the evidence-to-practice gap is essential, with a focus on implementation science. Integrating these tools into routine clinical practice can significantly benefit individuals with severe mental disorders and mental health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e68"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10803188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138487027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mental health and well-being of adolescents with/without intellectual disability in the UK.","authors":"E Emerson, V Totsika, C Hatton, R P Hastings","doi":"10.1017/S204579602300080X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S204579602300080X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To estimate the self-reported and parent-reported mental well-being of adolescents (aged 14 and 17) with/without intellectual disability in a sample of young people representative of the UK population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary analysis of data collected in Waves 6 and 7 of the UK's <i>Millennium Cohort Study</i>. The analytic sample consisted of 10,838 adolescent respondents at age 14 (361 with intellectual disability and 10,477 without) and 9,408 adolescent respondents at age 17 (292 with intellectual disability and 9,116 without).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parental reports of adolescent problems on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) indicated that adolescents with intellectual disability at ages 14 and 17 were more likely to have problems than those without intellectual disability across all SDQ domains. Adolescent self-report data at age 17 indicated that adolescents with intellectual disability were more likely to (self)-report that they had problems than those without intellectual disability on all but one SDQ domain. The magnitude of relative inequality between those with and without intellectual disability was consistently lower for self-report than parental report. On indicators of depression, mental well-being, self-harm, positive mental health, happiness and general psychological distress at ages 14 and 17, we found no self-reported group differences between adolescents with and without intellectual disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further research is needed to understand: (1) why the magnitude of mental health inequalities between those with and without intellectual disability on the SDQ may be dependent on the identity of the informant; and (2) whether such differences are also apparent for other measures of mental health or well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e67"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10689094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138458692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination reported by people with schizophrenia: cross-national variations in relation to the Human Development Index.","authors":"P C Gronholm, S Ali, E Brohan, G Thornicroft","doi":"10.1017/S2045796023000781","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2045796023000781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Mental health related stigma and discrimination is a universal phenomenon and a contributor to the adversity experienced by people with schizophrenia. Research has produced inconsistent findings on how discrimination differs across settings and the contextual factors that underpin these differences. This study investigates the association between country-level Human Development Index (HDI) and experienced and anticipated discrimination reported by people with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a secondary data analysis of a global cross-sectional survey completed by people living with schizophrenia across 29 countries, between 2005 and 2008. Experienced and anticipated discrimination were assessed using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC-10). Countries were classified according to their 2006 HDI. Negative binomial and Poisson regression analyses with a robust standard errors approach were conducted to investigate associations between country-level HDI and discrimination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the regression analyses, no evidence was found for a linear association between HDI and experienced or anticipated discrimination. Further exploratory analyses showed a significant non-linear association between HDI ratings and experienced discrimination. Participants in \"high\" and \"very high\" HDI countries reported more experienced discrimination compared to those in \"medium\" HDI countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HDI does, to some extent, appear to be associated with how far discrimination is experienced across different contexts. More high-quality cross-national research, including research focused on \"medium\" and \"low\" countries, is needed to substantiate these findings and identify underlying factors that may explain the pattern observed for experienced discrimination, including generating new datasets that would enable for these analyses to be repeated and contrasted with more recent data. An in-depth understanding of these factors will further aid the adaptation of cross-cultural and context specific anti-stigma interventions in future.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e66"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10689058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138175936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"United we thrive: friendship and subsequent physical, behavioural and psychosocial health in older adults (an outcome-wide longitudinal approach).","authors":"E S Kim, W J Chopik, Y Chen, R Wilkinson, T J VanderWeele","doi":"10.1017/S204579602300077X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S204579602300077X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Three factors converge to underscore the heightened importance of evaluating the potential health/well-being effects of friendships in older adulthood. First, policymakers, scientists, and the public alike are recognizing the importance of social relationships for health/well-being and creating national policies to promote social connection. Second, many populations are rapidly aging throughout the world. Third, we currently face what some call a 'friendship recession'. Although, growing research documents associations between friendship with better health and well-being, friendship can also have a 'dark side' and can potentially promote negative outcomes. To better capture friendship's potential heterogeneous effects, we took an outcome-wide analytic approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from 12,998 participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) - a prospective and nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults aged >50, and, evaluated if increases in friendship strength (between <i>t</i>₀; 2006/2008 and <i>t</i>₁; 2010/2012) were associated with better health/well-being across 35 outcomes (in <i>t</i>₂; 2014/2016). To assess friendship strength, we leveraged all available friendship items in HRS and created a composite 'friendship score' that assessed the following three domains: (1) friendship network size, (2) friendship network contact frequency and (3) friendship network quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stronger friendships were associated with better outcomes on some indicators of physical health (e.g. reduced risk of mortality), health behaviours (e.g. increased physical activity) and nearly all psychosocial indicators (e.g. higher positive affect and mastery, as well as lower negative affect and risk of depression). Friendship was also associated with increased likelihood of smoking and heavy drinking (although the latter association with heavy drinking did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that stronger friendships can have a dual impact on health and well-being. While stronger friendships appear to mainly promote a range of health and well-being outcomes, stronger friendships might also promote negative outcomes. Additional research is needed, and any future friendship interventions and policies that aim to enhance outcomes should focus on how to amplify positive outcomes while mitigating harmful ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e65"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10689060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107590589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal patterns of sickness absence due to diagnosed mental disorders: a nationwide 12-year register linkage study.","authors":"M Virtanen, S Törmälehto, T Partonen, M Elovainio, R Ruuhela, C Hakulinen, K Komulainen, J Airaksinen, A Väänänen, A Koskinen, R Sund","doi":"10.1017/S2045796023000768","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2045796023000768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Although seasonality has been documented for mental disorders, it is unknown whether similar patterns can be observed in employee sickness absence from work due to a wide range of mental disorders with different severity level, and to what extent the rate of change in light exposure plays a role. To address these limitations, we used daily based sickness absence records to examine seasonal patterns in employee sickness absence due to mental disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used nationwide diagnosis-specific psychiatric sickness absence claims data from 2006 to 2017 for adult individuals aged 16-67 (<i>n</i> = 636,543 sickness absence episodes) in Finland, a high-latitude country with a profound variation in daylength. The smoothed time-series of the ratio of observed and expected (O/E) daily counts of episodes were estimated, adjusted for variation in all-cause sickness absence rates during the year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Unipolar depressive disorders peaked in October-November and dipped in July, with similar associations in all forms of depression. Also, anxiety and non-organic sleep disorders peaked in October-November. Anxiety disorders dipped in January-February and in July-August, while non-organic sleep disorders dipped in April-August. Manic episodes reached a peak from March to July and dipped in September-November and in January-February. Seasonality was not dependent on the severity of the depressive disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest a seasonal variation in sickness absence due to common mental disorders and bipolar disorder, with high peaks in depressive, anxiety and sleep disorders towards the end of the year and a peak in manic episodes starting in spring. Rapid changes in light exposure may contribute to sickness absence due to bipolar disorder. The findings can help clinicians and workplaces prepare for seasonal variations in healthcare needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e64"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7615330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71520849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing trends in the global burden of mental disorders from 1990 to 2019 and predicted levels in 25 years.","authors":"Yang Wu, Lu Wang, Mengjun Tao, Huiru Cao, Hui Yuan, Mingquan Ye, Xingui Chen, Kai Wang, Chunyan Zhu","doi":"10.1017/S2045796023000756","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2045796023000756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The burden of mental disorders is increasing worldwide, thus, affecting society and healthcare systems. This study investigated the independent influences of age, period and cohort on the global prevalence of mental disorders from 1990 to 2019; compared them by sex; and predicted the future burden of mental disorders in the next 25 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The age-specific and sex-specific incidence of mental disorders worldwide was analysed according to the general analysis strategy used in the Global Burden of Disease Study in 2019. The incidence and mortality trends of mental disorders from 1990 to 2019 were evaluated through joinpoint regression analysis. The influences of age, period and cohort on the incidence of mental disorders were evaluated with an age-period-cohort model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2019, the sex-specific age-standardized incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rate decreased slightly. Joinpoint regression analysis from 1990 to 2019 indicated four turning points in the male DALY rate and five turning points in the female DALY rate. In analysis of age effects, the relative risk (RR) of incidence and the DALY rate in mental disorders in men and women generally showed an inverted U-shaped pattern with increasing age. In analysis of period effects, the incidence of mental disorders increased gradually over time, and showed a sub-peak in 2004 (RR, 1.006 for males; 95% CI, 1.000-1.012; 1.002 for women, 0.997-1.008). Analysis of cohort effects showed that the incidence and DALY rate decreased in successive birth cohorts. The incidence of mental disorders is expected to decline slightly over the next 25 years, but the number of cases is expected to increase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the age-standardized burden of mental disorders has declined in the past 30 years, the number of new cases and deaths of mental disorders worldwide has increased, and will continue to increase in the near future. Therefore, relevant policies should be used to promote the prevention and management of known risk factors and strengthen the understanding of risk profiles and incidence modes of mental disorders, to help guide future research on control and prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e63"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10689059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71479487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses.","authors":"Patricio Molero,&nbsp;Gabriel Reina,&nbsp;Jan Dirk Blom,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Martínez-González,&nbsp;Aischa Reinken,&nbsp;E Ronald de Kloet,&nbsp;Marc L Molendijk","doi":"10.1017/S2045796023000719","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2045796023000719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>It has been suggested that people with mental disorders have an elevated risk to acquire severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and to be disproportionally affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) once infected. We aimed to analyse the COVID-19 infection rate, course and outcome, including mortality and long COVID, in people with anxiety, depressive, neurodevelopmental, schizophrenia spectrum and substance use disorders relative to control subjects without these disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study constitutes a preregistered systematic review and random-effects frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses. Major databases were searched up until 27 June 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-one original articles were included reporting 304 cross-sectional and prospective effect size estimates (median <i>n</i> per effect-size = 114837) regarding associations of interest. Infection risk was not significantly increased for any mental disorder that we investigated relative to samples of people without these disorders. The course of COVID-19, however, is relatively severe, and long COVID and COVID-19-related hospitalization are more likely in all patient samples that we investigated. The odds of dying from COVID-19 were high in people with most types of mental disorders, except for those with anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders relative to non-patient samples (pooled ORs range, 1.26-2.57). Bayesian analyses confirmed the findings from the frequentist approach and complemented them with estimates of the strength of evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Once infected, people with pre-existing mental disorders are at an elevated risk for a severe COVID-19 course and outcome, including long COVID and mortality, relative to people without pre-existing mental disorders, despite an infection risk not significantly increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e61"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49675737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-hospital mortality and cardiovascular treatment during hospitalization for heart failure among patients with schizophrenia: a nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Masahiro Nishi,&nbsp;Akira Shikuma,&nbsp;Tomotsugu Seki,&nbsp;Go Horiguchi,&nbsp;Satoaki Matoba","doi":"10.1017/S2045796023000744","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2045796023000744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Schizophrenia is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and patients with schizophrenia are more likely to receive suboptimal care for CVD. However, there is limited knowledge regarding in-hospital prognosis and quality of care for patients with schizophrenia hospitalized for heart failure (HF). This study sought to elucidate the association between schizophrenia and in-hospital mortality, as well as cardiovascular treatment in patients hospitalized with HF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the nationwide cardiovascular registry data in Japan, a total of 704,193 patients hospitalized with HF from 2012 to 2019 were included and stratified by age: young age, > 18 to 45 years (<i>n</i> = 20,289); middle age, >45 to 65 years (<i>n</i> = 114,947); and old age, >65 to 85 years (<i>n</i> = 568,957). All and 30-day in-hospital mortality as well as prescription of cardiovascular medications were assessed. After multiple imputation for missing values, mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using patient and hospital characteristics with hospital identifier as a variable with random effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia were more likely to experience prolonged hospital stays, and incur higher hospitalization costs. In-hospital mortality for non-elderly patients with schizophrenia was significantly worse than for those without schizophrenia: the mortality rate was 7.6% vs 3.5% and the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.96 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-3.10, <i>P</i> = 0.0037) in young adult patients; 6.2% vs 4.0% and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.17-1.88, <i>P</i> < 0.001) in middle-aged patients. Thirty-day in-hospital mortality was significantly worse in middle-aged patients: the mortality rate was 4.7% vs 3.0% and an adjusted OR was 1.40 (95% CI: 1.07-1.83, <i>P</i> = 0.012). In-hospital mortality in elderly patients did not differ between those with and without schizophrenia. Prescriptions of beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers were significantly lower in patients with schizophrenia across all age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Schizophrenia was identified as a risk factor for in-hospital mortality and reduced prescription of cardioprotective medications in non-elderly patients hospitalized with HF. These findings highlight the necessity for differentiated care and management of HF in patients with severe mental illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e62"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41233317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between timing of onset of menarche and depressive symptoms from adolescence to adulthood.","authors":"C Prince, C Joinson, A S F Kwong, A Fraser, J Heron","doi":"10.1017/S2045796023000707","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2045796023000707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Girls who experience an earlier onset of menarche than their peers are at increased risk of depressive symptoms in mid-adolescence, but it is unclear if this association persists into adulthood. This study examines whether longitudinal patterns of depressive symptoms from adolescence to adulthood vary according to timing of menarche.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>About 4,864 female participants in the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children provided data on age at onset of menarche (assessed in repeated questionnaires from 8 to 17 years) and depressive symptoms across nine time points (13 to 26 years) using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. We compared patterns of depressive symptoms in girls with 'early' (<11.5 years), 'normative' (11.5 to 13.5 years) and 'late' (≥13.5 years) menarche using a linear spline multilevel growth curve model adjusted for indicators of socioeconomic position, father absence and body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early, compared with normative, menarche was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms at age 14 (imputed adjusted estimated difference = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44, 1.45), but the association attenuated at 24 years (0.24 [-0.72, 1.19]). Late menarche, compared with normative, was associated with a lower level of depressive symptoms at age 14 (-0.69 [-1.10, -0.29]), but this association also attenuated at 24 years (-0.15 [-0.92, 0.62]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study did not find a persistent effect of early menarche, compared to normative, on depressive symptoms. However, our findings are consistent with the level of depressive symptoms increasing at the onset of menarche irrespective of timing. The late onset girls 'catch up' with their peers who experience menarche earlier in terms of depressive symptoms. Future studies should continue to assess the impact of timing of menarche further into adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"32 ","pages":"e60"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41114331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}