Entomological Research最新文献

{"title":"Industrial attractiveness of entomopathogenic Fusarium as biopesticide against melon thrips, Thrips palmi","authors":"Novadhea Salsabilla Putri,&nbsp;Jae Su Kim","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12721","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Melon thrips, <i>Thrips palmi</i> (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a serious insect pest in crop productions, and synthetic chemicals are frequently used to control them. However, this practice causes residual issue in nature and makes melon thrips acquire strong resistance. To overcome these problems, a group of entomopathogenic fungi could be used as an alternative for controlling melon thrips. In this work, a total of 100 fungal isolates from soil in four different regions of Korea were isolated and subjected to virulence assays against melon thrips. Twenty-five highly virulent fungal isolates, which showed 100% mortality 6 days after treatment, were determined. Liquid-cultured filtrates of the selected isolates were further used to investigate their insecticidal activity against melon thrips, and of the 25 selected isolates finally seven isolates including <i>Metarhizium</i> spp. and <i>Fusarium</i> spp. showed high insecticidal activity in a dose-dependent manner. Under a thermal stress at 121°C, culture filtrates of the seven isolates still kept their insecticidal activities. When liquid-cultured spores were exposed to 45°C, spores of <i>Fusarium</i> isolates were resistant to the thermal stress, but those of <i>Metarhizium</i> isolates were susceptible to the stress. The culture filtrates of <i>Fusarium</i> isolates did not show any phytotoxicity to the tomato plants, followed by no phytotoxicity of liquid-cultured spores, although mycotoxins need to be further clearly characterized. This work suggests that entomopathogenic <i>Fusarium</i> isolates are competitive in virulence against melon thrips and production of insecticidal metabolites compared to <i>Metarhizium</i>, and particularly attractive in sporal resistance against thermal stress, significantly stronger than <i>Metarhizium</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of entomopathogenic fungi as a potential tool for mosquito vector control: A cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach","authors":"Vivekanandhan Perumal,&nbsp;Swathy Kannan,&nbsp;Sarayut Pittarate,&nbsp;Patcharin Krutmuang","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12717","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mosquitoes around the world spread diseases like malaria, dengue, zika, lymphatic filariasis and arboviruses, which are dangerous to human health and the economy. Eventually, mosquitoes develop resistance to synthetic chemical insecticides and, moreover, these insecticides have adverse environmental impacts, accumulating in soils and in the food chain. So, researchers are searching for better vector control tools from biological sources such as plants, bacteria, fungi, viruses and other predators. Eco-friendly methods that use entomopathogenic fungi to reduce vector-borne disease burdens are becoming more popular because they are selective and safe for the environment. Based on existing literature, several microbial agents show potential for the biocontrol of mosquitoes. With advances in genetic recombination and transformation techniques, in the ongoing battle against insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, genetically engineered fungal biopesticides represent a cutting-edge solution. These biopesticides are the result of novel genetic changes that improve the ability of fungi to target and kill mosquitoes. These fungi can effectively combat mosquito populations by introducing genes that produce insecticidal proteins or toxins. This method has several advantages, including a lower environmental impact, because the fungi are highly specific to mosquitoes and are harmless to non-target organisms. It also helps to reduce the problem of insecticide resistance because the fungi have a unique mode of action. These biopesticides hold great promise for reducing mosquito-borne diseases while minimizing environmental damage and combating resistance. This review article discusses various entomopathogenic fungal pathogens that can act as biocontrol agents and their mode of action against mosquitoes. We discus recent advances in entomopathogenic fungi-secreted effector molecules for suppressing host immunity and progress in the development of transgenic mosquito-killing fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140096672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cordyceps sp. WZFW1, a novel entomopathogenic fungus to control Ectropis grisescens (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)","authors":"Feiying Yang,&nbsp;Yuekun Wu,&nbsp;Juan Tu,&nbsp;Fang Dong,&nbsp;Yue Dong,&nbsp;Feng Xie","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Ectropis grisescens</i> is a notorious pest in tea plantations. The control of <i>E. grisescens</i> relies on synesthetic pesticides but the resurgence is always accompanied by increasing resistance. Therefore, it is crucial to use biological control to reduce the damage caused by <i>E. grisescens</i>. Here, we collected soil from a tea plantation, used <i>Galleria mellonella</i> as a bait insect and successfully isolated one entomopathogenic fungus. The isolated colony was initially identified as <i>Cordyceps</i> sp. using morphological observation. ITS-rDNA sequence amplification and sequencing, molecular database comparisons, and phylogenetic analysis proved this fungus as a new species and thus named <i>Cordyceps</i> sp. WZFW1. Further virulence test of <i>Cordyceps</i> sp. WZFW1 against <i>E. grisescens</i> was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Lethal concentration was 5.74 × 10⁶ spore/mL with a confidence level of 2.32 × 10⁶ ~ 1.79 × 10⁷ and lethal time was 2.98 days at 10⁸ spore/mL and 7.47 days at 10⁷ spore/mL, indicating <i>Cordyceps</i> sp. WZFW1 was effective at controlling <i>E. grisescens</i>. Our findings are significant as they contribute to the application of new entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) species as biocontrol agents, promoting eco-friendly pest management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140043193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of innate immune responses in Malpighian tubules of insects: A review focusing on the Toll signaling pathway","authors":"Shahidul Ahmed Khan,&nbsp;Yeon Soo Han","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12716","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Innate immunity is the immediate and exclusive defense mechanism in invertebrates. It acts against foreign agents and pathogens. In insects, this defense mechanism involves a combination of humoral and cellular responses, orchestrated by specific recognition receptors and the activation of various signaling pathways. Remarkably, Toll and Toll-related proteins play a pivotal role in insect immunity by inducing the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in response to pathogen attacks. Toll receptors, which are type I transmembrane proteins, significantly affect insect development and the innate immune response, primarily <i>via</i> the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway. The Malpighian tubules of insects play a crucial role in waste elimination, hemostasis maintenance, and immune defense. The Toll signaling pathway in Malpighian tubules is mainly involved in the production of AMPs. This review provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of the Toll signaling pathway and the morphological and physiological attributes of Malpighian tubules. Moreover, it discusses the classification and functionalities of AMPs synthesized in Malpighian tubules in response to pathogens, thereby contributing to our understanding of innate immunity in insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140000774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA response to temperature stress in the wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae)","authors":"Haoran Zhang,&nbsp;Zonglin Wang,&nbsp;Yilan Song,&nbsp;Fanxue Zhang,&nbsp;Lelei Wen,&nbsp;Rong Xiao,&nbsp;Daochao Jin","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12714","url":null,"abstract":"<p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved noncoding small RNAs that play essential regulatory roles in gene function by regulating target genes. <i>Pardosa pseudoannulata</i> is an important natural predatory enemy of insect pests and plays a significant role in controlling pests in rice fields, with temperature having a significant impact on their growth and development. To understand the response of miRNAs to temperature stress in <i>P. pseudoannulata</i>, we performed miRNA identification analyses of adult spiders exposed to 10°C and 40°C for 12 h, as low-temperature and high-temperature treatment groups, respectively. We obtained 54.74 M clean reads from 69.84 M raw reads after filtering out low-quality reads, and 78 miRNAs including 13 novel miRNAs were identified from three small RNA libraries (10°C, 25°C and 40°C). At the low temperature and the high temperature, eight (one upregulated and seven downregulated) and ten (nine upregulated and one downregulated) differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, respectively. These differentially expressed miRNAs negatively regulated 43 and 12 target mRNA (the unigenes in our previous transcriptome sequence data) in response to low- and high-temperature stress, respectively. These target genes are mainly involved in translation, ribosome structure and biotransformation, as well as the generation and conversion of energy. This study represents the first report of miRNA identification related to the Araneae spider species in response to temperature stress. These results will greatly facilitate our understanding of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of spiders in response to temperature stress, which might be beneficial for the conservation and utilization of this species as an important natural insect enemy of pests in rice ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antithrombotic effects of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis larvae in a rat tail thrombosis model using κ-carrageenan","authors":"Kwang Yeon Lee,&nbsp;In Young Bae","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12713","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study aimed to investigate the preventive role of <i>Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis</i> (<i>P. brevitarsis</i>) larvae in the <i>κ</i>-carrageenan-induced rat tail thrombosis model, in comparison with that of heparin. Thrombosis was induced in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats by intraperitoneal injection with a dose of 30 mg/kg <i>κ</i>-carrageenan after receiving oral pretreatment with <i>P. brevitarsis</i> larvae at doses of 300 or 900 mg/kg. The control group was only given physiological saline for 7 days without the administration of <i>κ</i>-carrageenan. The results indicate that pretreatment with <i>P. brevitarsis</i> larvae at 300 or 900 mg/kg not only significantly reduced the average length of the thrombus but also markedly decreased the fibrinogen levels and serum P-selectin in a dose-dependent manner (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). However, there were no notable effects on the blood clotting times, such as prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Moreover, the histological analysis of tail tissues treated with <i>P. brevitarsis</i> larvae supported the serum biochemical findings, thereby providing evidence of enhanced blood circulation. Based on these results, it was concluded that <i>P. brevitarsis</i> larvae had a positive effect on preventing thrombosis in vivo through the reduction of fibrinogen and P-selectin levels, suggesting potential applications for thrombosis prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139908853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibility of growing insect eggs on human cadavers preserved at sub-zero temperatures for different time intervals","authors":"Reem Alajmi,&nbsp;Sadeem Aldakheel,&nbsp;Fahad Al Haidar,&nbsp;Mohammed Alkuriji,&nbsp;Fayeza Alotaibi,&nbsp;Mais Alajami,&nbsp;Saeed El-Ashram,&nbsp;Ashraf Ahmed,&nbsp;Durrie Arjoun,&nbsp;Rewaida Abdel-Gaber","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Insects are the first arthropods to invade cadavers and, thus, can be used as evidence in criminal investigations. The current study aimed to investigate the possibility of breeding insect eggs in the lab that would be collected from male human cadavers kept in the mortuary refrigerators at sub-freezing temperatures for different periods. Egg specimens were collected from different human cadavers preserved from −16 to −20°C for different time intervals. All collected eggs were incubated at 25–30°C and 60%–70% and observed until hatched larvae complete their life cycle. All obtained larvae and adults were identified based on morphological characteristics. Data showed that, at selected ranges of temperature and humidity, some eggs were hatched to the first larval stage and then stopped growing, while others completed their life cycle to the adult insect stage. The obtained adult insects were identified using morphological classification and found to belong to <i>Dermestes frischii</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139739229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico identification and expression analyses of catalases in Tenebrio molitor","authors":"Ho Am JANG,&nbsp;Seo Jin LEE,&nbsp;Maryam Ali Mohammadie KOJOUR,&nbsp;Dong Woo KANG,&nbsp;Sang Mok JUNG,&nbsp;Jongdae LEE,&nbsp;Yong Seok LEE,&nbsp;Yeon Soo HAN,&nbsp;Yong Hun Jo","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12710","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agricultural intensification has led to significant increases in production, but the overuse of pesticides and associated hazards pose threats to biodiversity and ecological functions. Catalase (CAT), a key antioxidant enzyme, plays a crucial role in alleviating oxidative stress by directly interacting with toxins. In this study, we identified three CAT isoforms in <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (<i>Tm</i>CAT-iso1, <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso2 and <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso3). These CATs possess a CAT domain, tetramer interface sites and a heme-binding pocket. We examined the expression of <i>Tm</i> catalases across all developmental stages and in specific tissues using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments. Our findings demonstrate that <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso1 and <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso3 exhibit peak expression in young and late larval stages, respectively, whereas <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso2 shows peak expression during the egg and pre-pupal stages. Tissue distribution analysis revealed the high expression of <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso1 and <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso2 in larval hemocytes, whereas <i>TmCAT-iso3</i> is predominantly expressed in larval Malpighian tubules. Furthermore, injection with chlorantraniliprole significantly elevated mRNA expression levels of <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso1, <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso2, and <i>Tm</i>CAT-iso3 in larval groups, compared with control groups. Our study highlights the distinct developmental stages and tissues where <i>Tm</i>CATs are expressed. We also elucidated the effects of pesticide application on the expression of each <i>Tm</i>CAT, revealing the physiological characteristics of CATs in response to these pesticides, which are dose- and time-dependent in <i>T. molitor</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139739230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression pattern analysis of transmembrane receptor TmToll-8, −9, and −10 in the coleopteran insect Tenebrio molitor following systemic infection","authors":"MaryamAli Mohammadie Kojour,&nbsp;Ho Am Jang,&nbsp;Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan,&nbsp;Yong Seok Lee,&nbsp;Yong Hun Jo,&nbsp;Yeon Soo Han","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12709","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In insects, the production of antimicrobial peptides is considered to be the solo arm of the innate immune response. The Toll and immune deficiency pathways are two major signaling pathways that lead to the production of antimicrobial peptides as final effectors. The dynamic functions of Toll/Toll-like receptors have been thoroughly reviewed in mammals and <i>Drosophila</i>. During the last decade, we have attempted to clarify the immunological roles of different Toll receptor variants and their ligands in <i>Tenebrio molitor</i>. Accordingly, we showed that <i>TmToll-8</i>, <i>−9</i>, and <i>−10</i> mRNA transcripts are induced following systemic injections of Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and fungal infections. Our data revealed harmonic expression patterns of <i>TmToll-8</i>, <i>−9</i>, and <i>−10</i> throughout the developmental stages of healthy individuals and in response to infections in the examined tissues (Malpighian tubules, gut, fat bodies, and hemolymph), illustrating similar evolutionary conversions of different Toll receptor variants in <i>T. molitor</i>. Taken together, our findings highlight the immunological actions of <i>TmToll-8</i>, <i>−9</i>, and <i>−10</i> in response to pathogenic insults in <i>T. molitor</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139739143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Declination affects geomagnetic field-modulated geotaxis in fruit flies”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.12715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12715","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Bae, J</span>, <span>Kim, NH</span>, <span>Kim, SC</span>, <span>Chae, KS</span>. <span>Declination affects geomagnetic field-modulated geotaxis in fruit flies</span>. <i>Entomol. Res.</i> <span>2023</span>; <span>53</span>: <span>479</span>–<span>484</span>.</p><p>In the author byline, the text “JunYong BAE¹, Na-Hyeon KIM², Soo-Chan KIM³ and Kwon-Seok CHAE^4,5” was incorrect. This should have read: “JunYong BAE^1,†, Na-Hyeon KIM^2,†, Soo-Chan KIM³ and Kwon-Seok CHAE^4,5”.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1748-5967.12715","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139719805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}