Entomological Research最新文献

{"title":"Refinement of Habitat-Based Taxonomic Inventories for Benthic Macroinvertebrates: A Focus on Inland Water Ecosystem Surveys","authors":"Yung Chul Jun,&nbsp;Dongsoo Kong,&nbsp;Myoung-Chul Kim,&nbsp;Soon Jik Kwon,&nbsp;Youngjun Park,&nbsp;Ah. Reum Kim,&nbsp;Nan Young Kim,&nbsp;Yong Lak Jeon","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Benthic macroinvertebrates are essential biological indicators in biological monitoring and ecological health assessments of aquatic ecosystems. However, species information for benthic macroinvertebrates listed in the National List of Species of Korea has not been systematically organized according to habitat type, potentially leading to inefficiencies and inconsistencies for ecological surveys. This study aimed to organize habitat information for benthic macroinvertebrate species and to construct a habitat-based species list applicable to inland water ecosystem surveys. A total of 29,330 benthic macroinvertebrate species listed in the National List of Species of Korea were examined, and habitat information for each species was compiled through literature review and ecological data. Species were classified into five habitat categories: freshwater, brackish, marine, terrestrial, and data-deficient. As a result, terrestrial species accounted for the largest proportion with 21,453 species (73.2%), followed by marine species with 3951 species (13.5%), freshwater species with 1625 species (5.5%), and brackish species with 711 species (2.4%). In addition, 1590 species (5.4%) were classified as data-deficient. The habitat-based species list developed in this study enables a systematic organization of taxa with a high probability of occurrence in aquatic ecosystem surveys, thereby improving survey efficiency and enhancing consistency in data interpretation. Furthermore, the use of a standardized species list can reduce discrepancies in taxonomic identification among researchers and provide a reliable basis for long-term monitoring, including temporal comparisons with past and future datasets as well as comparisons across different ecological survey programs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-Specific Transcriptomic Changes Associated With Mating Status in Overwintering Bombus terrestris Queens","authors":"Kyu-Won Kwak,&nbsp;Heeji Kim,&nbsp;Minwoong Son,&nbsp;Donghee Lee,&nbsp;Su-Jin Lee,&nbsp;Bo-Sun Park,&nbsp;Su-Bae Kim,&nbsp;Sung-Kuk Kim,&nbsp;Kyeoung Yong Lee","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mating status is a key determinant of reproductive physiology in annual bumble bee queens, but its tissue-specific molecular effects after overwintering remain unclear. We analyzed RNA-seq data from the brains and ovaries of mated <i>Bombus terrestris</i> queens (BtQ) and unmated (virgin) queens (Bv) using tissue-wise combined biological replicates (<i>n</i> = 2 per mating-status group). Differentially expressed genes were identified with edgeR, and functional patterns were evaluated by Gene Ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses. Global clustering separated samples primarily by tissue and secondarily by mating status, indicating that tissue identity was the dominant source of transcriptomic variation. In the brain, BtQ-upregulated genes were enriched for DNA biosynthetic process, DNA polymerase complex, spliceosome, and rRNA-processing-related categories, whereas Bv-upregulated genes were associated with extracellular region, serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity, membrane, transmembrane transport, and oxidoreductase activity. In the ovary, Bv-upregulated genes were enriched for nucleic acid binding, homologous recombination-mediated double-strand break repair, tRNA methylation, germ-line stem cell division, and transposable element silencing. By contrast, BtQ-upregulated ovarian genes were enriched for heme binding, DNA biosynthetic process, monooxygenase activity, plasma membrane, oxidoreductase activity, DNA polymerase complex, defense response to bacterium, extracellular region, and iron ion binding, together with additional lipid- and metabolism-related categories. Overall, mating status reshaped overwintering brain and ovary transcriptomes through distinct tissue-specific programs, with the ovary showing the clearest contrast between a maintenance-oriented state in unmated queens and a biosynthetic, redox, membrane-associated, immune, and metabolic state in mated queens.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host Species Identity Is Associated With Distinct Frass-Associated Bacterial Communities in Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) and Pyrausta panopealis (Walker) Reared on a Shared Diet","authors":"Hee Jin Lee,&nbsp;Byung-Ryun Kim,&nbsp;Jong-Tae Jung,&nbsp;Meeja Seo,&nbsp;Moon Nam,&nbsp;Chan Pil Park","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whether insect gut-associated microbial communities are structured by host identity or diet remains unresolved. Using a common-garden design, we reared two lepidopteran pests of contrasting host breadth, the polyphagous <i>Spodoptera exigua</i> (Hübner) and the Lamiaceae-associated <i>Pyrausta panopealis</i> (Walker), exclusively on perilla (<i>Perilla frutescens</i> [L.] Britton var. <i>frutescens</i>), and characterized frass-associated bacterial communities by 16S rRNA metabarcoding of three pooled replicates per species (240 larvae). The two hosts showed apparent separation in community composition (PERMANOVA <i>R</i>² = 0.857), which did not reach conventional significance (exact-permutation <i>p</i> = 0.100, the smallest value attainable with three replicates per group). Alpha diversity did not differ significantly (Wilcoxon rank sum, all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.10), although <i>S. exigua</i> showed numerically greater richness (median observed ASVs: 55 vs. 25) and <i>P. panopealis</i> showed higher evenness. Because the two species differ in taxonomic family, body size, and life history beyond host breadth, these patterns reflect a host species–associated difference under a shared diet rather than general evidence that dietary breadth shapes microbiome architecture. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the bacterial community of <i>P. panopealis</i>, and shows that two co-occurring pests reared on an identical diet were numerically dominated by mutually near-exclusive genera (<i>Enterococcus</i>, 72.2%, in <i>S. exigua</i> vs. <i>Enterobacter</i>, 71.8%, in <i>P. panopealis</i>), with complete rank separation in five genera. Species-level names are descriptive because the V3–V4 region gives limited subgenus resolution. These patterns are consistent with host-associated filtering contributing to frass community assembly, a hypothesis warranting confirmation with larger samples and additional diet treatments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Assembly of Coxsackievirus A16 Virus-Like Particles in Insect Cells via VP4-Deficient P1 Expression","authors":"Hyun-Soo Kim,&nbsp;Hyuk-Jin Moon,&nbsp;Ra-Mi Woo,&nbsp;Jae-Bang Choi,&nbsp;Beom-Ku Han,&nbsp;Soo Dong Woo","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), yet efficient virus-like particle (VLP)–based vaccine development remains challenging due to enteroviral structural complexity and the cytotoxicity of the 3CD protease required for polyprotein processing. In this study, we established an optimized production strategy for CVA16 VLPs using the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) by balancing structural protein expression and proteolytic cleavage. To mitigate 3CD-mediated cytotoxicity, we applied an attenuation strategy using the modified <i>p10</i>-BS5 promoter, which reduced transcriptional strength by ~90% and delayed protease expression, thereby extending the production window. We further examined the impact of P1 structural protein conformation and expression levels on VLP assembly. Unlike Enterovirus 71 (EV71), which favors high-level expression of full-length P1, CVA16 assembly was highly sensitive to expression dynamics. Optimal VLP formation was achieved using a standard expression vector (pAcPol) combined with a VP4-deficient P1 construct (ΔVP4). Under optimized conditions (multiplicity of infection 1, 7 days postinfection), the rAcPol-CV-ΔVP4-BS5 construct yielded the highest level of assembled particles. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed uniform, spherical VLPs (30–35 nm) resembling native CVA16 virions. These findings demonstrate that precise control of transcriptional stoichiometry and structural configuration is critical for high-yield CVA16 VLP production, providing a robust platform for multivalent HFMD vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1748-5967.70139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Composition and Bio-Efficacy of Agro-Waste Plant Extracts and Their Potential as Bioinsecticides Against Culex pipiens Mosquitoes","authors":"Laila Ali M. Al-shuraym,&nbsp;Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis,&nbsp;Hend M. Alharbi,&nbsp;Abdelfattah Selim,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Baz,&nbsp;Esraa A. Elhawary","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assessed the larvicidal activity of methanol and hexane fruit peel extracts from <i>Hylocereus polyrhizus</i> (red dragon fruit), <i>Citrus sinensis</i> (sweet orange), <i>Punica granatum</i> (pomegranate), <i>Annona cherimola</i> (cherimoya), and <i>Physalis peruviana</i> (groundcherry) against third-instar larvae of <i>Culex pipiens</i>, following WHO bioassay guidelines. Larval mortality was recorded at 24 and 48 h, and LC₅₀, LC₉₀, and LC₉₅ values were calculated. Methanol extracts demonstrated greater larvicidal activity compared with hexane extracts. The most effective plants were <i>H. polyrhizus</i>, <i>C. sinensis</i>, and <i>P. granatum</i>. Based on 48-h LC₅₀ values, methanol extract toxicity followed the order: <i>H. polyrhizus</i> (157.73 ppm) &lt; <i>C. sinensis</i> (180.22 ppm) &lt; <i>P. granatum</i> (190.38 ppm) &lt; <i>A. cherimola</i> (249.98 ppm) &lt; <i>P. peruviana</i> (507.68 ppm). For hexane extracts, the ranking was <i>H. polyrhizus</i> (176.57 ppm) &lt; <i>C. sinensis</i> (220.36 ppm) &lt; <i>P. granatum</i> (252.63 ppm) &lt; <i>A. cherimola</i> (307.69 ppm) &lt; <i>P. peruviana</i> (651.06 ppm). GC/MS analysis of the five <i>n</i>-hexane extracts identified 57 compounds, mainly alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes, esters, ketones, triterpenoids, and fatty acid esters. In <i>Physalis</i>, fatty acid esters were predominant, followed by fatty acids and related compounds. UPLC/MS analysis of methanol extracts tentatively identified 16, 23, 21, 5, and 27 metabolites in <i>Annona</i>, <i>Citrus</i>, <i>Hylocereus</i>, <i>Punica</i>, and <i>Physalis</i>, respectively. Overall, methanol peel extracts, particularly from <i>H. polyrhizus</i>, <i>C. sinensis</i>, and <i>P. granatum</i>, exhibited strong larvicidal activity against <i>Cx. pipiens</i>, highlighting their potential as eco-friendly alternatives for mosquito control.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive Biology and Mating Frequency in the Common Bed Bugs, Cimex lectularius, and Tropical Bed Bugs, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)","authors":"Pranita Sukha,&nbsp;Natthaset Khunhom,&nbsp;Dae-Yun Kim","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Traumatic insemination is a reproductive strategy in cimicids that enhances male success but imposes physiological costs on females. Despite the global resurgence of bed bugs, comparative studies between the common bed bug, <i>Cimex lectularius</i>, and the tropical bed bug, <i>C. hemipterus</i>, remain limited. We examined reproductive parameters and mating frequency effects in field-collected populations maintained under controlled laboratory conditions using artificial membrane feeding with human blood. Virgin females failed to oviposit or produced only sterile eggs, confirming the absence of parthenogenesis. Comparative assays confirmed <i>C. lectularius</i> had longer oviposition periods and higher fecundity than <i>C. hemipterus</i> (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), consistent with previous laboratory and field studies. Mating frequency assays revealed divergent survival costs: none- and single-pairing sustained survival with limited reproduction, repeated-pairing increased fecundity (<i>C. lectularius</i>: 14.8 ± 6.7; <i>C. hemipterus</i>: 5.5 ± 3.1 eggs) with moderated mortality in <i>C. hemipterus</i> (20% by the fourth cycle), and continuous-pairing caused lethal outcomes in <i>C. hemipterus</i> females (60% mortality by the third cycle, 100% by the fourth), whereas <i>C. lectularius</i> maintained oviposition with zero mortality. Natural mortality was excluded by virgin and single-pairing controls, confirming excess mortality was attributable to mating stress. These findings highlight species-specific reproductive strategies, with tropical bed bugs facing lethal mating pressures that may promote female dispersal and explain their rapid invasion into nontropical regions. Reproductive suppression approaches may be effective in reducing invasion risk of <i>C. hemipterus</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil-Applied Silicon Does Not Affect the Performance of Aphis craccivora on Cowpea Genotypes","authors":"João Vitor Soares Morais,&nbsp;Daniel Marques Pacheco,&nbsp;Thayline Rodrigues de Oliveira,&nbsp;Adriele de Castro Ferreira,&nbsp;Maria da Conceição dos Santos Filha,&nbsp;Jerlane Sousa Oliveira,&nbsp;Jenilton Gomes da Cunha,&nbsp;Maria Carolina Farias e Silva,&nbsp;Alexandre Igor de Azevedo Pereira,&nbsp;Bruno Ettore Pavan,&nbsp;Luciana Barboza Silva","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>) is an important crop in tropical regions, where infestations of the black aphid, <i>Aphis craccivora</i> Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), can significantly reduce productivity. Silicon (Si) fertilization has been proposed as a strategy to enhance plant resistance to herbivores, although its effectiveness varies among plant–insect systems, particularly those involving phloem-feeding insects. This study evaluated whether soil-applied silicon affects aphid performance and plant physiological responses in cowpea genotypes. Three greenhouse bioassays were conducted to assess genotype-related variation in aphid preference and reproduction, the effects of two silicon sources, rice husk-derived biochar and commercial silicon oxide, on aphid abundance and plant physiological traits, and temporal changes in plant susceptibility under aphid infestation. Genotype-dependent differences were detected in nymph production, whereas adult colonization did not differ among genotypes, indicating that host suitability was primarily expressed at the reproductive level. Silicon supplementation increased leaf Si accumulation, with significant differences between genotypes; however, it did not affect aphid abundance, reproductive output, plant damage severity, chlorophyll-related parameters, or temporal patterns of infestation. Notably, the Crioulo genotype accumulated significantly more silicon than BRS Novaera, yet this increase was not associated with reduced aphid performance. Overall, despite promoting silicon accumulation in plant tissues, soil-applied silicon did not influence aphid performance or plant physiological responses under the tested conditions. These findings indicate that successful silicon uptake does not necessarily translate into enhanced resistance against aphids in cowpea.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1748-5967.70135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trehalose and Glycogen Dynamics in Galleria mellonella Under Stress: Tissue-Specific Insights","authors":"Tülay Turgut Genç,&nbsp;Serhat Kaya","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Insects employ flexible metabolic strategies to cope with acute environmental stress. This study investigates how different stressors, including physical, mechanical, and thermal, influence carbohydrate metabolism in <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae. Trehalose and glucose levels were measured in hemolymph, together with trehalose, glycogen, and glucose levels in fat body tissues, at 4 and 12 h poststress to assess time- and tissue-specific metabolic shifts. All stress types triggered a rapid decline in hemolymph trehalose, emphasizing its role as a key early energy buffer under stress. Bead injection induced the most pronounced and persistent metabolic alterations, including sustained glucose elevation, suggesting increased metabolic demand under prolonged internal stress. In contrast, mechanical and thermal stressors caused largely transient changes, with partial recovery of carbohydrate levels by 12 h. Fat body responses varied with stressor type; thermal and mechanical stress led to early glycogen depletion, whereas bead injection caused minimal glycogen utilization but promoted local trehalose accumulation, indicating differential energy mobilization strategies. Overall, <i>G. mellonella</i> exhibited a stressor-specific and temporally structured metabolic program characterized by early trehalose mobilization, followed by glycogen-associated metabolic adjustments. These results highlight the central role of the fat body in metabolic regulation and support the utility of <i>G. mellonella</i> as a model organism for studying insect physiology and energy homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1748-5967.70134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic Insights Into How Diet Shapes Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Scale Insects","authors":"Ji-Mu Lv,&nbsp;Xing-Jie Liu,&nbsp;Xin-Yi Zheng,&nbsp;Cheng-Yang Ding,&nbsp;Xiao-Nan Chen,&nbsp;Shun-Hai Yu,&nbsp;Yin-Feng Meng,&nbsp;Xu Wang,&nbsp;Yi-Xin Huang","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many insects harbor diverse gut microbiota, but the factors shaping these microbial communities remain insufficiently explored. To elucidate the structure and functions of gut microbiota in the scale insect <i>Coronaproctus castanopsis</i> and identify key influencing factors, we performed metagenomic sequencing on three scale insect species (<i>C. castanopsis</i>, <i>Icerya purchasi</i>, and <i>Lecanodiaspis baculifera</i>) with distinct dietary preferences. Results revealed bacteria dominating the microbial community (88.52%), primarily represented by phyla <i>Bacteroidota</i> and <i>Pseudomonadota</i>. At the genus level, <i>Candidatus Walczuchella</i> (55.47%) and <i>Wolbachia</i> (28.63%) were predominant. KEGG functional annotation showed that microbial genes were mainly associated with carbohydrate metabolism (335 genes), amino acid metabolism (249 genes), and membrane transport. Notably, gut microbiota diversity varied among samples, with Shannon indices ranging from 0.48 in nymph-stage <i>C. castanopsis</i> to 1.32 in adult-stage <i>C. castanopsis</i>. Additionally, specialized feeder <i>C. castanopsis</i> had fewer functional genes compared to generalist feeder <i>I. purchasi</i> (1790 fewer genes) and similarly feeding <i>L. baculifera</i> (200 fewer genes). These findings suggest that diet is an important factor associated with gut microbiota composition and gene functions in scale insects, although host phylogeny, developmental stage, and environmental factors may also contribute, offering novel insights into host–microbe interactions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eight Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Analysis and Determination of Adaptation Range of Invasive Populations of the Species Hyphantria cunea Drury, 1773 (Erebidae, Lepidoptera)","authors":"Tae Hwa Kang,&nbsp;Sun-Jae Park","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The fall webworm (<i>Hyphantria cunea</i>), a North American native, is a globally invasive forest pest that causes periodic outbreaks and damages more than 400 plant species worldwide. Therefore, to support population structure and invasion pattern analyses, we developed eight microsatellite loci markers for invasive populations of <i>H. cunea</i> using next-generation sequencing (NGS). We identified 107,660 microsatellite loci in the 1,082,719,559 bp of genomic sequence. Among the loci, we firstly sorted 20 microsatellite loci according to the repeat sequence length and polymorphism of the target sequence, and then finally selected eight markers through a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) efficiency test. The eight selected markers were then tested for the presence of null alleles and PCR errors using four algorithms. We detected null alleles showing a frequency (<i>p</i>) ranging from 0.1456 to 0.2473; in microsatellite analysis, for <i>p</i> &gt; 0.20, the mean “estimated with null” exclusion probability can be much higher than the “true” and “estimated without null” values. Therefore, we assessed the genetic diversity of an <i>H. cunea</i> population from the Icheon region of Korea (<i>n</i> = 20) using eight markers. Deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was not detected at any of the analyzed loci. Therefore, these eight markers may be useful for analyzing the genetic diversity and invasive routes of <i>H. cunea</i> populations in Korea.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}