Entomological Research最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing Fecundity in Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): Effects of Temperature, Photoperiod, Humidity, and Oviposition Substrate","authors":"Min Ji Park,&nbsp;Sun Young Kim,&nbsp;Hyung Joo Yoon","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The giant mealworm, <i>Zophobas atratus</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a promising insect for food and feed production, but environmental and substrate requirements for adult oviposition remain insufficiently defined. To establish foundational data for mass rearing of <i>Z. atratus</i>, this study evaluated fecundity and adult survival across temperature, photoperiod, and relative humidity (RH) treatments and assessed oviposition-site use. Newly emerged or 7-day-old adults were evaluated at four temperatures (25°C, 27°C, 30°C, and 33°C), under three photoperiods (9L:15D, 12L:12D, and 15L:9D), or at three RH levels (50%, 65%, and 80%); filter paper and wheat bran were compared as oviposition substrates. Fecundity, adult mortality, and substrate-specific oviposition proportions were quantified over the observation periods. Temperature significantly affected fecundity: mean daily fecundity over 120 days was highest at 30°C (27.3 ± 27.1 eggs/female/day) and lowest at 33°C (5.2 ± 9.7; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), while cumulative fecundity reached 700.9 ± 441.4 and 91.7 ± 76.6 eggs/female, respectively. For the photoperiod treatments, cumulative fecundity at Day 100 was highest under 15L:9D (674.0 ± 173.4 eggs/female) and lowest under 12L:12D (226.7 ± 135.0). For RH, cumulative fecundity at Week 16 was highest at 65% RH (536.8 eggs/female) and final cumulative mortality was lowest (38.3%). Oviposition-site use shifted: Eggs were deposited predominantly on filter paper early, whereas deposition in wheat bran increased later. Within the tested ranges, 30°C, 15L:9D, and 65% RH independently supported the greatest oviposition performance. These findings provide stage-specific benchmarks for adult breeder management and oviposition-system design in large-scale <i>Z. atratus</i> rearing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of TmDnmt1: From In Silico Prediction to Developmental, Tissue-Specific, and Infection-Responsive Expression in Tenebrio molitor","authors":"Ho Am Jang,&nbsp;Dong Woo Kang,&nbsp;Seo Jin Lee,&nbsp;Sung Min Ku,&nbsp;Sungsin Jo,&nbsp;Sang Mok Jung,&nbsp;Chul-Hyun Kim,&nbsp;Yong Seok Lee,&nbsp;Yeon Soo Han,&nbsp;Yong Hun Jo","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic modification that governs genome stability, transcriptional regulation, and development across diverse eukaryotes. While DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) are well-characterized in vertebrates, coleopteran insects exhibit a unique evolutionary architecture characterized by the exclusive retention of Dnmt1, prompting the need to investigate its potential role in epigenetic regulation. In this study, we identified and comprehensively characterized the maintenance DNA methyltransferase gene from <i>Tenebrio molitor</i>, designated as <i>TmDnmt1</i>. In silico domain and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that <i>Tm</i>Dnmt1 retains the evolutionarily conserved architectural domains characteristic of canonical Dnmt1 proteins and clusters closely with coleopteran orthologs. Developmental expression profiling revealed a pronounced upregulation during the late larval and early pupal stages, alongside robust embryonic expression, pointing to its potential role during metamorphosis and tissue remodeling. Tissue-specific analysis demonstrated widespread transcription with particularly high expression in immune-active and barrier tissues, such as hemocytes and the gut. Furthermore, time-course expression analysis following systemic challenge with <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i> showed rapid, pathogen- and tissue-dependent transcriptional induction, especially a rapid upregulation in hemocytes at 3 h post-injection. These findings raise the possibility that <i>Tm</i>Dnmt1 acts as a rapid epigenetic regulator involved in coordinating immediate innate immune responses. Taken together, this study establishes a foundational baseline for understanding the intersection of epigenetics, development, and innate immunity in coleopteran insects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Composition and Cordycepin Content of Cordyceps militaris Cultivated on the Edible Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus","authors":"Min Ji Park,&nbsp;Joo Hwan Cha,&nbsp;Sun Young Kim","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Cordyceps militaris</i> was cultivated on a cricket-based host substrate using whole adults of <i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i> (WGB), which was compared with a brown rice control (CTR) and a brown rice medium supplemented with <i>G. bimaculatus</i> powder (GBP), where f and m denote fruiting bodies and mycelia, respectively. On a dry-matter basis, WGB-m increased crude protein from 5.8% ± 0.4% (CTR-m) to 68.0% ± 1.2% (WGB-m), an 11.7-fold increase, and raised crude lipid from 2.3% ± 0.2% to 5.2% ± 0.3%. In the fruiting bodies, the crude protein content of WGB-f was 1.5-fold higher than that of CTR-f. Amino acid levels increased markedly in the WGB-m group, including tyrosine (30.6-fold), proline (18.5-fold), lysine (14.6-fold), and branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine, 8.3-fold; leucine, 6.5-fold). Mineral content was higher in WGB-m than in CTR-m, with increased levels of calcium, zinc, and iron, while heavy metal concentrations remained below the guideline limits across treatments. Cordycepin content also increased substantially in the whole-insect substrate, reaching 4624.33 mg/kg in WGB-f (3.2-fold relative to CTR-f) and 2529.64 mg/kg in WGB-m (4.6-fold relative to CTR-m), whereas GBP showed no improvement and was slightly lower than the corresponding CTR. Collectively, these results indicate that cultivation on whole <i>G. bimaculatus</i> adults was associated with higher levels of selected nutritional components and cordycepin in <i>C. militaris</i> while ensuring heavy metal safety.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scanning Electron Microscopy–Based Analysis of Larval Morphology and Functional Adaptations in Entomoscelis sacra (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) From Eastern Anatolia","authors":"Murat Güven,&nbsp;Gülbin Feridun,&nbsp;Neslihan Bal","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, the larval morphology and developmental changes of <i>Entomoscelis sacra</i> (Linnaeus 1758) were investigated using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Larvae collected from <i>Glaucium grandiflorum</i> Boiss. and A. Huet (Papaveraceae) exhibited distinct increases in body size, pigmentation, and degree of sclerotization across developmental stages. The larvae possess well-developed chewing mouthparts, thoracic legs equipped with a claw and pulvillus, and dorsal tubercles bearing sensory setae. These morphological features reflect functional adaptations related to feeding, attachment, and environmental interaction. The findings indicate that larval morphology in <i>Egretta sacra</i> is closely associated with its ecological strategy and provides valuable data for phylogenetic and comparative studies within Chrysomelidae.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Three Insect Sampling Methods Using Coverage-Based Hill Diversity in the National Ecosystem Survey of South Korea (2022–2025)","authors":"Eui Jeong Hong,&nbsp;SeongTae Yun,&nbsp;Jong-Kook Jung","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nationwide insect monitoring programs commonly use multiple trapping methods, but comparisons among methods are often confounded by differences in sampling completeness and method-specific selectivity. Using terrestrial insect survey data collected in the National Ecosystem Survey (NES) of South Korea from 2022 to 2025, we compared three passive trapping methods: malaise traps (MT), flight interception traps (FIT), and pitfall traps (PT). We evaluated sampling completeness using sample coverage (SC) and compared coverage-standardized Hill numbers (<i>q</i> = 0, 1, and 2). We assessed community composition and evaluated method complementarity through species overlap, trap-associated species analysis, and fixed-effort resampling. All trap types achieved high sampling completeness, but the minimum numbers of events required to attain SC ≥ 0.90 differed: MT required 470 events; FIT, 380; and PT, 214. At standardized completeness, coverage-based diversity was highest in MT at every Hill order, followed by FIT and then PT. Species composition and multivariate dispersion differed significantly among trap types, although the overall effect size was small. Species overlap and block-restricted trap-association analysis indicated partial, taxon-dependent complementarity, with 1656 trap-exclusive species (47.8%) and 651 significantly trap-associated species. Under a fixed total effort of 600 events, the MT + FIT design yielded the highest mean richness, but its advantage over MT alone was modest and was observed in 75% of resampling iterations. These results indicate that coverage-based standardization improves the interpretability of cross-method comparisons of the insect fauna. In national biodiversity assessments, therefore, the choice of sampling method should follow the monitoring objective.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral Responses of Pyrethroid-Susceptible and Pyrethroid-Resistant Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to Transfluthrin and Metofluthrin in High-Throughput Screening System Assays","authors":"Dae-Yun Kim","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dengue and other arboviruses remain major public health concerns, with <i>Aedes aegypti</i> as the primary vector. Pyrethroid resistance has reduced the effectiveness of conventional insecticides, prompting interest in volatile pyrethroid spatial repellents (VPSRs) such as transfluthrin (TFT) and metofluthrin (MFT). These compounds modify behavior by deterring host contact or inducing escape. Using the high-throughput screening system, evaluated behavioral responses of pyrethroid-susceptible (USDA) and pyrethroid-resistant (Pu-Teuy) <i>Ae. aegypti</i> to VPSRs via contact irritancy (CIA) and spatial repellency (SRA) assays, referencing baseline toxicity (TOX) data. Resistant mosquitoes exhibited significantly lower knockdown (KD) and mortality (MT) than susceptible counterparts under contact exposure (CIA KD at LC₅₀: USDA 43.3% ± 18.6% vs. Pu-Teuy 0.0% ± 0.0%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Transfluthrin retained partial efficacy, eliciting contact escape responses up to 65.0% ± 17.6% in USDA (at LC₉₉) and 71.7% ± 14.7% in Pu-Teuy (at LC₇₅). At discriminating concentrations (DCs), MFT elicited stronger contact escape than TFT in resistant mosquitoes (50.0% ± 6.3% vs. 33.3% ± 15.1%) but produced lower contact toxicity (5.0% ± 5.5% vs. 55.0% ± 18.7% MT). In SRA, TFT produced stronger noncontact deterrence, yielding Spatial Activity Index values of 0.69 (USDA) and 0.51 (Pu-Teuy), compared to 0.31 (USDA) and 0.22 (Pu-Teuy) for MFT. Integration of TOX, CIA, and SRA revealed marked divergence between lethal and behavioral endpoints. Compound-specific behavioral profiles TFT as a noncontact spatial deterrent and MFT as a contact excito-irritant support their tailored deployment as the “push” component in multimodal “push-pull” vector management strategies combining spatial repellents with baited traps.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat Preferences and Distribution of Ephemera orientalis (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) in the Hangang River, South Korea","authors":"Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Dong Gun Kim","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study characterized the spatial distribution patterns and habitat preference of <i>Ephemera orientalis</i> larvae in the Hangang River based on four surveys conducted in April, June, August, and October 2024. Field surveys were conducted at 10 sites along a 24 km reach, with five cross-sectional sampling points per site. Larval density varied significantly among sites and points, with consistently higher densities at central channel points. Taylor's power law indicated a strongly aggregated distribution (<i>b</i> = 1.66). This pattern coincided with higher substrate size diversity in the central channel (NST; number of distinct grain-size classes present), and NST showed the strongest positive association with larval density in negative-binomial GLMMs among the measured environmental variables. Fine-only substrates (≤ 1 mm) occurred predominantly at riverbanks and supported substantially lower larval densities than all other substrates. In contrast, mixed-grain patches with coarse particle inclusion were concentrated in the central channel and were consistently associated with higher larval densities. Overall, these results indicate that patch-scale substrate size diversity is a primary correlate of <i>E. orientalis</i> distribution in the Hangang River, and that larval distribution is better explained by substrate size diversity than by the proportional dominance of any single grain-size class.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1748-5967.70148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Anopheles Mosquito Species in the Republic of Korea","authors":"Bo Gyeong Han,&nbsp;Hyun-Il Shin,&nbsp;Hyunwoo Kim,&nbsp;Jung-Won Ju,&nbsp;Yeon Ja Koh,&nbsp;Ji Hyun Lim,&nbsp;Ha Na Kim,&nbsp;Hee-Il Lee","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the spatial and temporal distributions of <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes is essential for effective malaria vector control. However, information on vector composition and distribution remains limited. Therefore, we elucidated the species composition and distribution of <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes across both malaria-risk and nonrisk regions of the Republic of Korea. We identified 4819 of 11,585 collected adult female <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes from 38 collection sites in malaria-risk and nonrisk areas from May to October 2022 in the Republic of Korea. Species identification was conducted using multiplex PCR-based species typing targeting the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region. <i>Anopheles sinensis</i> was the predominant species accounting for 80.3% of the total population, followed by <i>An. kleini</i> (7.6%), <i>An. pullus</i> (5.5%), <i>An. sineroides</i> (3.2%), and <i>An. belenrae</i> (2.2%). Spatial analysis revealed that <i>An. kleini</i> and <i>An. belenrae</i> occurred exclusively in malaria-risk areas. <i>An. kleini</i> exhibited a higher relative abundance in areas near the border with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Temporally, <i>An. kleini</i> and <i>An. pullus</i> appeared earlier in the season in malaria-risk areas, with highest relative abundance in May and June. In contrast, <i>An. sinensis</i> was the dominant species from July onwards, whereas <i>An. pullus</i> increased in September in nonrisk areas. These findings suggest that the primary malaria vectors in the Republic of Korea exhibit distinct geographical restrictions and phenological variations. This study contributes to malaria control by providing basic ecological information on <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes in the Republic of Korea.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Control of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) Using Solubilized Endotoxin Proteins From Bacillus thuringiensis","authors":"Minghui Wang,&nbsp;Siyi Liu,&nbsp;Ha Jin Jang,&nbsp;Dong Hwan Park,&nbsp;Jae Young Choi,&nbsp;Yeon Ho Je","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Tuta absoluta</i> is a pest that causes serious damage to tomato crops worldwide. It has been known to be difficult to control because it burrows into the crop and causes damage. Even with the representative microbial insecticide, <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> of which insecticidal endotoxin proteins are present in the form of large crystals, which prevents them from penetrating the crop where the <i>T. absoluta</i> larvae are located. Therefore, the control efficacy of <i>B. thuringiensis</i> against <i>T. absoluta</i> in cultivation fields has been reported to be low. In this study, we attempted to effectively control <i>T. absoluta</i> larvae in tomato crops by using solubilized endotoxin proteins rather than crystals. The solubilized endotoxin proteins exhibited insecticidal activity 1.4–2.7 times higher than that of crystalline endotoxin proteins. Moreover, the insecticidal effect was over 90% when applied together with Silwet L-77, a surfactant that facilitates the efficient diffusion and penetration of the endotoxin proteins applied to tomato crops. The solubilized endotoxin proteins combined with Silwet L-77 could effectively control <i>T. absoluta</i> larvae in tomato crops severely infested with the corresponding pest. These results suggest a novel control strategy that could be useful for controlling leaf-miner pests such as <i>T. absoluta</i> using <i>B. thuringiensis</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Invasive Body Mass Estimation in the Ladybird Spider, Eresus kollari, Using Multi-View Morphometrics and Machine Learning","authors":"Jin Hyeok Choi,&nbsp;Hyung Wook Kwon,&nbsp;Kil Won Kim","doi":"10.1111/1748-5967.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Body mass is widely used as an indicator of physiological condition and ecological fitness in spiders. However, directly measuring the mass of small, live individuals remains technically challenging. In this study, we evaluated a non-invasive approach for predicting body mass in <i>Eresus kollari</i> using machine learning-based (ML) models derived from morphometric traits. Using 432 records of body size measurement data, we trained models for four view types (dorsal, ventral, oblique, and lateral) and compared their performance with equation-based (Eq) models. For each view type, multiple regression models were evaluated, and tree-based ensemble models were selected across all view types: Extra Trees Regressor for the dorsal, ventral, and lateral views, and Random Forest Regressor for the oblique view. The ML models showed lower prediction error and higher predictive consistency than the Eq models. Feature importance analysis revealed that body length-related features were among the most influential predictors in models incorporating this trait. The oblique view models, which do not include body length as a predictor, showed competitive performance but were less effective at detecting the feeding-related mass increase in an illustrative demonstration. Although the suitability of view-specific models may vary across species and developmental stages depending on the primary mode of body size change, our results suggest that ML-based approaches offer a promising, practical approach for non-invasive estimation of spider body mass in behavioral and ecological research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11776,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Research","volume":"56 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1748-5967.70147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}