ERJ Open Research最新文献

{"title":"Does the breathing response limit exercise tolerance in patients weaning from mechanical ventilation?","authors":"Thomas Nijhoff, Siebrand Zoethout, Emily Klooster, Aloys Oosterwegel, Xander Millen, Mert Kök, Bart-Jan van der Sleen, Tess Greven, Bas Langeveld, Huub L A van den Oever","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00264-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00264-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>25% of mechanically ventilated ICU patients show abnormal breathing responses during exercise, which is associated with reduced exercise tolerance. Recognising these patterns as possibly exercise-limiting could aid individualised mobilisation strategies.</b> https://bit.ly/41JreAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological computed tomography phenotypes in pulmonary sarcoidosis at diagnosis: splitting and lumping based on predictors of clinical progression.","authors":"Prerana Agarwal, Louis Jouanjan, Charlott Terschluse, Martin Feineis, Sebastian Wirtz, Daniel Soriano, Paula Kuss, Emil Wachenfeld, Fabian Bamberg, Christopher L Schlett, Daiana Stolz, Björn C Frye","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00632-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00632-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcoidosis may represent a broad umbrella term for various diseases that induce non-necrotising granulomas in affected organs. A recent multinational consensus proposed distinct computed tomography (CT) phenotypes for pulmonary sarcoidosis; however, the clinical implications remain unclear. What is the prevalence of individual phenotypes in a tertiary referral cohort, and are these phenotypes associated with disease progression?</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study comprised 232 biopsy-proven pulmonary sarcoidosis patients treated between 2010 and 2020. Baseline CT scans were grouped into 1) non-fibrotic/fibrotic/unclear for fibrosis, and 2) normal/nodular/non-nodular. Disease progression was assessed over 36 months using predefined clinical, functional and therapeutic criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients had non-fibrotic phenotypes (91.0%, n=211), while fibrotic (5.6%, n=13) and unclear (3.4%, n=8) patterns were less frequent. Inter-reader agreement was moderate for individual phenotypes (κ=0.55) and good for fibrotic <i>versus</i> non-fibrotic classification (κ=0.79). At 36 months, 69% of patients had progressed; all fibrotic cases progressed, compared with 67% of non-fibrotic. Nodular phenotypes progressed in a similar way to normal CT (64% <i>versus</i> 68%) and at a lower rate than non-nodular disease (88%). Fibrotic disease was associated with an increased risk of disease progression after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and baseline lung function (hazard ratio 2.31, 95% CI 1.21-4.38; p=0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CT-based phenotype assessment of sarcoidosis seems feasible but may require refinement. Fibrotic patterns predict progression, while nodular phenotypes carry a risk similar to normal CT. Further radiological splitting may not reflect distinct disease behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Questionnaire for O₂ Therapy Evaluation (QuOTE): a simple O₂ therapy assessment.","authors":"Michael Dreher, Javier Sayas Catalán, Claus F Vogelmeier, Claudio Rabec, Peter Wijkstra, Maxime Patout, Capucine Morelot-Panzini, Gilles Jebrak, João Carlos Winck, Aleksander Kania, Klaas F Franzen, Andrew Gangemi, Nick Hart, David M G Halpin","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00105-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00105-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the established use of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) for chronic respiratory diseases, a simple tool to assess LTOT use, clinical effectiveness and side-effects is not currently available. We therefore designed and developed the Questionnaire for Oxygen Therapy Evaluation (QuOTE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Delphi methodology was used by a group of international respiratory specialists to identify the domains and questions to include in the questionnaire. The questionnaire was beta-tested by a group of patients using LTOT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the first round, 13 clinical and academic respiratory clinicians agreed the domains to be included. Questions covered physical activity, dyspnoea, sleep quality, mental clarity, LTOT side-effects, use patterns and equipment. Advantages and disadvantages of current tools, clinical assessment priorities for patients and clinicians, and the caveats and advantages around length were discussed, further supported by the results of a confirmatory systematic literature review. Three rounds of Delphi consensus method focused 18 questions to nine questions. Usability tests for all but three patients reported the questionnaire was easy to understand, only two felt it was not quick and easy to complete and only one patient needed assistance to complete the nine-question QuOTE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>QuOTE may improve the assessment and tracking of respiratory and sleep symptoms during initiation and ongoing treatment of patients with chronic respiratory disease receiving LTOT. By providing a brief, simple and oxygen therapy-specific tool, QuOTE can facilitate investigation of the clinical impact of LTOT and support more standardised follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine supplementation and respiratory muscle function in health and disease: translational insights from human to mouse.","authors":"Oliver J Price, James Brown, Emily Storey, Louise Turner, Michael Johnson, Graham Sharpe, Stephen B Wheatcroft, Nadira Yuldasheva, Paul W Hendrickse, Marcelo G Pereira, T Scott Bowen","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00305-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00305-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory muscle weakness contributes to exercise intolerance in both ageing and disease; however current treatment options remain limited. In this study, we investigated the potential for creatine (Cr) supplementation to increase inspiratory muscle strength (PImax) in health and mitigate diaphragm dysfunction in disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a translational approach, we combined a human inspiratory muscle training (IMT) intervention with a mechanistic preclinical heart failure (HF) model. 29 healthy males (forced expiratory volume in 1 s >80% pred) completed 4 weeks of IMT (30 breaths, twice daily, at 50% PImax), either alone (IMT, n=15) or with Cr (IMT+Cr, n=14). PImax and expiratory muscle strength (PEmax) were assessed pre- and post-IMT. Subsequently, isolated diaphragm fibre bundles from healthy and HF mice underwent <i>in vitro</i> analysis following 3 weeks of Cr supplementation or placebo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In humans, baseline PImax was similar between groups (p=0.554). The 33% increase in PImax after IMT+Cr was greater than the 18% increase after IMT (condition×time interaction; p=0.031). In mice, Cr had no effect in health but increased diaphragm function in HF with improvements in specific force, twitch relaxation, and fatigue resistance (all p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cr supplementation was associated with a greater increase in PImax following IMT in healthy adults and improved diaphragm contractile performance in a preclinical model of HF. These findings provide biological plausibility for a potential effect of Cr on intrinsic diaphragm function and warrant confirmation in adequately powered, randomised controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of primary care and community clinicians on chronic breathlessness management.","authors":"Eleanor Beavis, Lena Ly, Natasha Smallwood","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00750-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00750-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic breathlessness is a prevalent and debilitating symptom affecting people with chronic respiratory disease. However, community management of chronic breathlessness is limited. Further research is needed to determine how breathlessness care can best be delivered in primary care, identify knowledge and training gaps, and determine what resources might support such a model. This study explored the perspectives of Australian primary and community care clinicians regarding the management of chronic breathlessness, including barriers and facilitators to symptom-directed care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semistructured interviews were conducted with clinicians from primary care and community settings within Australia. Data were analysed using a deductive thematic approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>16 participants from diverse practice settings and roles were recruited from southern and eastern Australia. Five key themes emerged regarding community management of chronic breathlessness: invisibility; uncertainty, inflexibility and discomfort; roles and engagement with care; information and communication; and health systems and structures. Participants identified under-recognition, under-reporting and inappropriate normalisation of breathlessness as barriers to management, and physical, diagnostic and financial barriers that limited patient access to healthcare. Participants expressed interest in a targeted education programme focusing on assessment and management of chronic breathlessness, and indicated a willingness to engage in such professional development opportunities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Managing chronic breathlessness is a complex task, characterised by several patient-, clinician- and system-related barriers that hinder effective clinical care. Primary care and community clinicians described significant challenges in managing chronic breathlessness, and desire education and support to better help people with this debilitating symptom.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race-neutral spirometry reclassification in self-identified Black and White patients.","authors":"Xueya Cai, Felicia Canaday, Shan Gao, Eric Merrell, Patrick A Donohue, Margaret Connolly, David J Nagel, Sandhya Khurana, Steve N Georas","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01485-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01485-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent consensus guidelines endorsed using a Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI Global) race-neutral approach to interpret spirometry. This study aims to examine how spirometry results using GLI Global reference equations correlate with patient healthcare utilisation and outcomes in a real-world cohort of patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were analysed <i>via</i> race-specific and GLI Global approaches, respectively, using a 2010-2020 retrospective cohort study of spirometry tests. An abnormally low result for either forced vital capacity (FVC) or forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) was defined as a z-score <-1.645. The 1-year pulmonary medication prescription, outpatient visit, emergency department (ED) visit or hospitalisation, as well as all-cause mortality were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the total cohort of 6107 tests, 530 (9%) and 595 (10%) results were re-classified when switching from race-specific to race-neutral for FEV₁ and FVC, respectively. Compared with patients whose lung function was consistently in the normal range (the control group), Black patients who were re-classified with an abnormally low FEV₁ had higher healthcare utilisation including pulmonary medication prescriptions, ED visits and worse outcomes such as hospitalisation. White individuals whose FEV₁ was re-classified as normal also had worse outcomes including higher mortality than the consistently normal group. Similar results were obtained when analysing FVC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude that both Black and White individuals whose FEV₁ and FVC were re-classified had worse outcomes compared with those who remained normal. Clinical context and judgment must be used when considering any lung function result near arbitrary thresholds of normal.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can laryngeal ultrasound detect laryngeal movements during mechanically assisted cough?","authors":"Tiina Maarit Andersen, Anne Kristine Brekka, George Ntoumenopoulos, Aase Johnsen Rogde, Hege Havstad Clemm, Thomas Halvorsen, Ola Drange Røksund, Maria Vollsæter","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00324-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00324-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) is used to augment ineffective cough, but treatment efficacy depends on appropriate upper airway response. Transnasal flexible laryngoscopy (TFL) is the reference standard for assessing laryngeal responses, but is invasive. This study evaluated whether laryngeal ultrasonography (US) can assess laryngeal responses during MI-E.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, healthy volunteers underwent MI-E with both passive and active cough efforts, while TFL and US were performed simultaneously. Laryngeal US was applied using anterior and lateral approaches. Recordings were analysed retrospectively frame-by-frame by two blinded raters. Assessability was defined as appropriate visualisation of the vocal folds or aryepiglottic folds. Visualisation success rates and concordance between laryngeal US and TFL findings were calculated across pre-specified MI-E cycles. Inter-rater reliability for US interpretation was assessed in a subset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>30 adult participants and 875 MI-E cycles were included. At least one laryngeal US approach yielded assessable data in all participants, with lower assessability in males. Across MI-E cycles, visualisation success rates were higher for TFL than for laryngeal US (93.5% <i>versus</i> 68%). Concordance between US and TFL was 78% and 79% during passive and active insufflation, 80% and 88% during passive and active exsufflation, and 92% during active cough compression. Inter-rater reliability was substantial (κ=0.62).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This exploratory study suggests that laryngeal US may offer a feasible noninvasive approach to assess laryngeal responses during MI-E, but TFL remains the reference standard. Further validation in patient populations is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opening the black box of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation: bringing upper airway physiology to the bedside.","authors":"Claudia Crimi, Pietro Impellizzeri, João Carlos Winck","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00877-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00877-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Personalising cough augmentation therapy starts with understanding the larynx</b> https://bit.ly/3SZxhj6.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Tajogaite Volcano eruption on symptoms and pulmonary function in a paediatric population.","authors":"Valle Velasco, David Díaz Pérez, Enrique González-Dávila, Julia Gavilán, Alberto Ruano-Ravina, Cristina Candal-Pedreira, Germán Peces-Barba, Esther Barreiro, Ana Cañas-Portilla, María Jesús Cruz Carmona, Xavier Muñoz, Francisco Javier Sánchez-Íñigo, Ciro Casanova","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00401-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00401-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>The Tajogaite Volcano (La Palma, Spain) erupted in September 2021 for 85 days, releasing gases, ash and lava over populated areas. Data on the respiratory effects of volcanic emissions in children remain limited. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and lung function patterns in a paediatric population exposed to emissions from the Tajogaite Volcano.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study with a follow-up component was conducted in a high-exposure area. A total of 188 children aged 6-18 years were interviewed 10-17 months after the eruption. Sociodemographic data, medical history and symptom records during and after the eruption were collected. Post-eruption lung function was assessed using spirometry, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (<i>D</i> _LCO) and exhaled nitric oxide fraction (<i>F</i> _ENO).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the eruption, 25-50% of participants reported respiratory symptoms, mainly in the upper airway (itching and nasal congestion). Post eruption, ocular symptoms decreased (p<0.05), whereas cough, headache, nasal congestion, sore throat and skin problems persisted. Symptom frequency and persistence were higher among children with a history of asthma or environmental tobacco smoke exposure (p<0.05). Post eruption, 6.4% of participants had reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 s and/or reduced forced vital capacity, 15.2% showed decreased <i>D</i> _LCO (below the fifth percentile according to the Global Lung Function Initiative reference equations) and 44% had <i>F</i> _ENO ≥20 ppb.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children and adolescents exposed to the Tajogaite Volcano eruption presented a high prevalence and persistence of respiratory symptoms, particularly those with environmental tobacco smoke exposure or underlying respiratory conditions. Including <i>D</i> _LCO and <i>F</i> _ENO in spirometric evaluation may help detect respiratory abnormalities and support further longitudinal monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving clinical remission in moderate-to-severe asthma using inhaled triple therapy.","authors":"Giorgio Walter Canonica, Dave Singh, Alberto Papi, Guy Brusselle, Alessio Piraino, Laura Franzini, Andrea Vele, Gemzel Hernandez, Gwen Skloot, J Christian Virchow","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00054-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00054-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is growing interest in evaluating the ability of treatments to deliver clinical remission in patients with asthma. We conducted <i>post hoc</i> analyses of TRIMARAN and TRIGGER, two clinical studies comparing the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose combination beclometasone dipropionate (BDP), formoterol fumarate (FF) and glycopyrronium (G) (TRIMARAN, 100/6/10 μg and TRIGGER 200/6/10 µg) with BDP/FF (100/6 µg and 200/6 µg, respectively).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical remission was defined as: no use of oral corticosteroids over 52 weeks, no occurrence of severe exacerbations over 52 weeks, Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 score <1.5 at weeks 26, 40 and 52, and pre-dose forced expiratory volume in 1 s at week 52 equal to, or higher than, the baseline value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2291 patients included in these analyses, 598 (26.1%) met the clinical remission definition (<i>i.e.</i> met all criteria) at week 52: 315 (27.4%) in TRIMARAN and 283 (24.8%) in TRIGGER. The proportion of patients who achieved clinical remission was higher in the BDP/FF/G group than in the BDP/FF group in both studies (29.4% and 29.6% in TRIMARAN and TRIGGER, respectively, <i>versus</i> 25.4% and 20.0%), with the difference reaching statistical significance in TRIGGER (odds ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.29-2.23; p<0.001) and when data were pooled (29.5% <i>versus</i> 22.7%; 1.44, 1.19-1.73; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among patients with asthma that was uncontrolled by an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β₂-agonist (LABA) combination prior to study entry, a higher proportion achieved clinical remission by switching to inhaled triple therapy than by continuing ICS/LABA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148967232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}