ERJ Open Research最新文献

{"title":"Long-term PM_2.5 exposure impairs lung growth and increases airway inflammation in Taiwanese school children.","authors":"Yi-Giien Tsai, Jiu-Yao Wang, Kuender D Yang, Hsiao-Yu Yang, Yen-Po Yeh, Yu-Jun Chang, Jui Huan Lee, Shu-Li Wang, Shau-Ku Huang, Chang-Chuan Chan","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00972-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00972-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Prolonged exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM_2.5) may aggravate asthma, impair lung development and increase airway inflammation. This study investigated the impact of long-term PM_2.5 exposure on respiratory health, lung function growth and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (<i>F</i> _ENO) in a large longitudinal cohort of school children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 6120 elementary school children residing in townships near coal-fired power plants in Taiwan were prospectively enrolled from 2016 to 2018. Baseline and follow-up data on asthmatic symptoms, spirometry, <i>F</i> _ENO and environmental factors were collected. Annual PM_2.5 exposure was estimated using land-use regression models based on school and home addresses, and associations were adjusted for SO₂ and NO₂.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 5364 children and revealed that a 1 μg·m^-3 increase in annual PM_2.5 exposure was associated with higher odds of current wheezing (OR 1.07), \"ever\" wheeze (OR 1.03), diagnosed asthma (OR 1.03) and exercise-induced wheeze (OR 1.04) (p<0.05). Each unit increase in PM_2.5 exposure was associated with a decrease of 7 mL in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁), 5 mL in forced vital capacity (FVC) and a 0.479-ppb rise in <i>F</i> _ENO after adjusting for potential confounders (p<0.05). Among 207 new-onset wheezing patients, increased PM_2.5 exposure significantly decreased FEV₁ by 13 mL and FVC by 15 mL, while increasing <i>F</i> _ENO levels by 0.847 ppb (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term PM_2.5 exposure significantly increases the risk of asthma symptoms, impedes lung growth and triggers airway inflammation, particularly affecting children with new-onset wheezing in community settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes and measures in studies of techniques to promote secretion clearance in individuals with neuromuscular conditions: a scoping review.","authors":"Neeraj M Shah, Chloe Apps, Reshma Amin, Georgios Kaltsakas, Nicholas Hart, Patrick B Murphy, Louise Rose","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01007-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01007-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Techniques to support secretion clearance for individuals with neuromuscular conditions and respiratory muscle weakness include mechanical insufflation-exsufflation and chest wall vibrations. Assessing the comparative efficacy of these techniques is challenging due to the absence of a core outcome set. We sought to describe outcomes and measurement instruments reported in studies of airway clearance techniques for individuals with neuromuscular conditions living in the community.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review of primary research studies. We searched six databases from inception to 22 February 2024. Two reviewers independently screened citations against the inclusion criteria and extracted data on outcomes and measurement characteristics. Outcomes were categorised according to the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) 38-domain taxonomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 75 eligible studies describing 55 outcomes. We grouped outcomes deemed overlapping and categorised them using the COMET 38-domain taxonomy, resulting in 34 distinct outcomes. Common physiological/clinical outcomes were cough strength (n=48 studies, 64%), lung volume (n=48, 64%) and insufflation capacity (n=22, 29%). The most common measurement tools for these outcomes were spirometer (n=38, 51%), peak flow meter (n=24, 32%) and pneumotachograph (n=20, 27%). The most common resource-use outcome was hospitalisation due to respiratory illness (n=13, 17%). Few studies reported on life impact outcomes, with the most common being comfort (n=6, 8%) and patient satisfaction (n=4, 5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified 34 outcomes from 75 studies, which were most commonly physiological/clinical, with resource-use and life impact outcomes being seldom reported. The number and range of outcomes and measures demonstrates the need for a core outcome set.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: \"External validation of the LENT and PROMISE prognostic scores for malignant pleural effusion\" Craig A. Mounsey, Nikolaos I. Kanellakis, Dinesh N. Addala, Jamie A. Mawhinney, Nick Freemantle and Najib M. Rahman. <i>ERJ Open Res</i> 2025; 11: 01019-2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/23120541.51019-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.51019-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1183/23120541.01019-2024.].</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification and course of pulmonary hypertension associated with end-stage COPD.","authors":"Michaela Barnikel, Katrin Milger, Pontus Mertsch, Paola Arnold, Gabriela Leuschner, Tobias Veit, Michael Gerckens, Carlo Mümmler, Jürgen Barton, Alessandro Ghiani, Ali Önder Yildirim, Julien Dinkel, Claus Neurohr, Jürgen Behr, Nikolaus Kneidinger","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01141-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01141-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with COPD contributes to morbidity and mortality. Further characterisation to improve management is warranted. The aim of the study was to apply the recently proposed PH classification and to assess the association of lung volume involvement and PH over the course of disease in patients with advanced COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with COPD undergoing transplant evaluation, including right heart catheterisation were included irrespective of the likelihood of having PH. Spirometry, plethysmography and computed tomography were used to assess the degree of parenchymal and vascular involvement. Follow-up investigation was performed for 18±12 months. The 2022 European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society guidelines were used for classification of PH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 340 patients were included and 639 right heart catheters were assessed. The majority of patients were classified as no PH (n=131, 38%) or nonsevere PH (n=133, 39%), whereas severe COPD-PH was present in 26 patients (8%). Patients with severe COPD-PH had similar degrees of airflow obstruction but lower lung volumes. Further, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) correlated negatively with residual volume. Interstitial lung abnormalities were present in 11 patients (3%) and scattered across all PH groups. Follow-up (n=141, 41.5%) demonstrated a low rate of deterioration to severe COPD-PH (4%). However, an increase of PVR was common and was associated with a decrease of total lung capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unbiased longitudinal invasive follow-up and assessment of lung volumes by plethysmography provided evidence of an association of lung volume and PVR.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting clinical trial recruitment in COPD by leveraging lung cancer screening: an observational study.","authors":"Tanya Patrick, Sindhu Bhaarrati Naidu, Amyn Bhamani, Arafa Aboelhassan, Silvia Caño, Maria G Belvisi, Sarah R Doffman, Sam M Janes, John R Hurst","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00024-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00024-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Invitation through lung cancer screening to a COPD clinical trial is a novel, feasible and effective recruitment solution that simultaneously allows participants to realise the benefits of lung cancer screening and clinical trial participation</b> https://bit.ly/4gHQj3O.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirometry interpretation in Africa: bridging the gap with relevant reference equations.","authors":"Eric Walter Pefura-Yone","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00186-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00186-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Spirometry interpretation in African populations is sensitive to reference equation choice, highlighting limitations of relying solely on GLI global. The GLI African-American equation fitted best. Local equations could improve accuracy.</b> https://bit.ly/3D8bz53.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of the Chronic Airways Assessment Test (CAAT) in asthma, asthma+COPD and COPD in NOVELTY.","authors":"Paul W Jones, Erin L Tomaszewski, Laura Belton, Pierre-Régis Burgel, Rod Hughes, Christina Keen, Barry J Make, Alberto Papi, Hana Müllerová, Helen K Reddel","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01359-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01359-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess health status in respiratory diseases, the Chronic Airways Assessment Test (CAAT) was adapted from the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) by replacing COPD-specific wording. It has demonstrated good psychometric properties in asthma and/or COPD. This cross-sectional analysis evaluated how CAAT scores are associated with clinical characteristics in patients with asthma and/or COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using baseline NOVELTY data (NCT02760329) for patients with physician-assigned asthma and/or COPD, linear regression models were implemented to assess the association between CAAT score (range 0-40; higher scores indicating worse health status) and physician-assessed severity, lung function, modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea grade, Respiratory Symptoms Questionnaire score and, for asthma and asthma+COPD, symptom control assessed by Asthma Control Test score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 7828 patients (asthma: 4138; asthma+COPD: 991; COPD: 2699), CAAT score was lower in patients with asthma (mean±sd 14.0±8.5) <i>versus</i> patients with asthma+COPD (17.2±8.6) or COPD (17.0±8.3), indicating better health status in asthma. Associations between CAAT score and clinical characteristics were similar across diagnostic groups (interaction p-values >0.01), with higher CAAT scores associated with more respiratory symptoms, greater exercise limitation due to breathlessness, lower lung function, worse physician-assessed severity and (in asthma+COPD) with worse asthma symptom control. CAAT scores among those with asthma were lower <i>versus</i> other diagnostic groups by physician-assessed severities. Findings were similar when adjusting for age and for age, sex and smoking status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CAAT demonstrated consistent cross-sectional validity across asthma and/or COPD, making it applicable for assessing health status in these conditions in clinical practice and research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of inactive pulmonary tuberculosis lesions with the risk of active disease development in the elderly: a population-based retrospective study.","authors":"Lingyu Shen, Yu Zhang, Henan Xin, Xuefang Cao, Jiang Du, Yuanzhi Di, Juanjuan Huang, Yijun He, Boxuan Feng, Zihan Li, Jianguo Liang, Wei Wang, Ying Peng, Xiaogang Hao, Chunfu Fang, Bingjun Xu, Xiaomeng Wang, Bin Chen, Zhen Wang, Fei Wang, Ping Zhu, Lei Gao","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01231-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01231-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) lesions were found to be high-risk populations for active PTB development. This retrospective study evaluated the association between different types of inactive PTB lesions and the development of active PTB aiming to provide epidemiological evidence for developing precise intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on a population-based PTB active-case-finding project conducted on the elderly, 154 028 subjects who had participated in the 2020 baseline survey were included in the current analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 2-year follow-up, 462 cases developed microbiologically confirmed active PTB with an overall incidence rate of 0.19 per 100 person-years. Among the study population, 15 037 (9.76%) showed chest radiography (CXR) abnormalities suggestive of inactive PTB, which was found to be independently associated with an increased risk of active PTB with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 6.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.85-7.43) compared with normal CXR. Such a relationship was consistently observed for inactive lesions, including fibrosis, calcification, pleural thickening and nodule lesions with aHRs ranging from 2.94 to 6.55. Inactive PTB lesions alone or a history of anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment alone were independently associated with the risk of active PTB with aHRs of 6.96 (95% CI 5.59-8.67) and 7.67 (95% CI 4.26-13.78), respectively. A combined effect between inactive PTB lesions and with history of anti-TB treatment was found with an aHR of 10.50 (95% CI 5.93-18.52).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, individuals with inactive PTB lesions, regardless of lesion type and history of anti-TB treatment, are at increased risk of developing active PTB and deserve interventions for TB control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRISm and the risk for all-cause mortality in relation to sleep disordered breathing: a community-based study.","authors":"Matthias Josef Herrmann, Cornelius Reyneke, Daiana Stolz, Alice Albrecht, Antje Prasse, Sebastian Mathias Keller","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01399-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01399-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Survival probability in the SHHS shows a complex dependency on PRISm status and SDB severity. For a comprehensive understanding of PRISm related health risks, a differentiation of the aetiology and underlying pathological processes is needed.</b> https://bit.ly/40E569D.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung structure and function, post-treatment, in strictly defined subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study in Canada.","authors":"Richard Long, Sophie Collins, Michael K Stickland, Miranda Kirby, Angela Lau, James Barrie, Christopher Winter, Gavin Armstrong, Eric Wong, Anu Parhar, Jaled Yehya, Jean Bourbeau, Wan-Cheng Tan, Alexander Doroshenko","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01295-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01295-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Using Global Lung Initiative 2021 reference equations, a restrictive lung function defect, albeit usually mild, is not uncommon post-treatment, in strictly defined subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Canada</b> https://bit.ly/3ELSxBN.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}