ERJ Open Research最新文献

{"title":"Erratum: \"Menthol inhalation relieves dyspnoea through the brain\" Lucas Vanden Bossche, Samantha Piers, Michele R. Schaeffer, Valentina Jelinčić, Kristin Verbeke, Clara Batsleer, Lotte Albert, Dennis Jensen, Wim Janssens, Thierry Troosters, Daniel Langer and Andreas von Leupoldt. <i>ERJ Open Res</i> 2026; 12: 01164-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/23120541.51164-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.51164-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1183/23120541.01164-2025.].</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of mepolizumab on mucus plugs and clinical outcomes in severe eosinophilic asthma with and without coexisting bronchiectasis: a prospective pilot study.","authors":"Raffaele Campisi, Santi Nolasco, Manuel Mancuso, Andrea Alessia Nardo, Rossella Intravaia, Corrado Pelaia, Carlo Vancheri, Nunzio Crimi, Claudia Crimi","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01824-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01824-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mucus plugs (MPs) are common in severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) and are often associated with airflow limitation and poor asthma control. MP formation is driven by type 2 (T2) inflammation and may be worsened by coexisting bronchiectasis (BE), a condition characterised by irreversible bronchial dilatation and mucus retention. The effect of mepolizumab on MP burden in SEA, either with or without BE, remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the 12-month effectiveness of mepolizumab in reducing MP and improving clinical outcomes in SEA patients with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)-confirmed MP, stratified by the presence of BE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively analysed 47 SEA patients with HRCT-confirmed MPs treated with mepolizumab for 12 months. Patients were grouped into SEA+MP (n=26) and SEA+MP+BE (n=21). MPs were assessed using the Mucus Plug Score (MPS) and BE severity using the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI). Clinical, functional and inflammatory parameters were evaluated pre and post treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mepolizumab significantly reduced MPS in both groups (-3 in SEA+MP (p=0.0005); -5 in SEA+MP+BE (p<0.0001)), improved Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores and reduced blood eosinophils and the number of annual exacerbations. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) improved significantly only in the SEA+MP+BE group. Baseline BSI score correlated positively with MPS and exacerbations, and negatively with FEV₁ and ACT score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mepolizumab reduces MP burden and improves SEA outcomes; this is also the case when including patients with coexisting BE. MPs and BE may represent treatable, T2-driven traits that could serve as a therapeutic target in precision asthma care. These findings support the use of HRCT-derived MP assessment as a complementary biomarker to guide biologic therapy in SEA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the new Sequential Organ Failure Assessment 2 score in community-acquired pneumonia.","authors":"Paula González-Jiménez, Ana Latorre, Mónica Piqueras, Noé Mengot, David Hervás, Rosario Menéndez, Raúl Méndez","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00027-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00027-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was updated to the SOFA-2 version. Its use is validated for initial severity assessment in community-acquired pneumonia outside the intensive care unit.</b> https://bit.ly/3QsAQwT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with bronchiectasis: insights from the Canadian Bronchiectasis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections Registry.","authors":"Da Hye Kim, Swathi Purighalla, Julie Jarand, Maeve Smith, Ryan Cooper, Brandie L Walker, Christina S Thornton","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00091-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00091-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Bronchiectasis patients have a substantial cardiovascular risk burden. Despite high rates of screening, one in three are at moderate-high 10-year risk, highlighting the need to integrate cardiovascular risk assessment into care pathways.</b> https://bit.ly/48BUigN.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race-neutral Global Lung Function Initiative 2022 equations alter COPD trial eligibility in a northeast Asian COPD cohort.","authors":"Joon Young Choi, Hyun Woo Lee, Min Kwang Byun, Jeong-Woong Park, Eunjeong Son, Yun Su Sim, Bumhee Yang, Jin Hwa Lee, Kwang Ha Yoo, Yet Hong Khor","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00219-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00219-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Adopting race-neutral GLI 2022 reclassified 12.9% of Korean COPD patients from trial-eligible to ineligible mild disease, and these reclassified patients demonstrated significantly lower risks of exacerbations and mortality</b> https://bit.ly/4cG1OZt.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of cough syncope in patients with chronic cough: a multicentre prospective study.","authors":"Jiung Jeong, Sujeong Kim, Han-Ki Park, Kyung Eun Park, Hwa Young Lee, Young-Chan Kim, Noeul Kang, Byung-Jae Lee, Seung-Eun Lee, Eun-Jung Jo, So Ri Kim, Ha-Kyeong Won, So-Young Park, Sung-Yoon Kang, Sang-Heon Kim, Sae-Hoon Kim, Yoon-Seok Chang, Min-Hye Shin, Woo-Jung Song","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01779-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01779-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cough syncope is a clinically significant complication of coughing, yet its epidemiology in patients with chronic cough remains poorly characterised. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, and identify associated factors for cough syncope among patients with chronic cough.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analysed from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry, a multicentre prospective observational study. Adults with newly referred chronic cough were followed for 1 year. Cough syncope was defined based on patient self-report at enrolment and the 1-year follow-up visit. We compared clinical characteristics between patients with and without cough syncope and performed multivariable logistic regression to identify independent associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 682 eligible participants, cough syncope was identified in 13 (1.9%, 95% CI 1.0-3.2%). Patients with cough syncope were predominantly male (69.2% <i>versus</i> 31.1%; p=0.014) and had a higher median body mass index (30.5 <i>versus</i> 23.8 kg·m^-2; p=0.001) compared to those without. They also exhibited a higher rate of refractory chronic cough (RCC) (84.6% <i>versus</i> 46.2%; p=0.006) and reported greater cough severity and hypersensitivity at 1 year, despite more frequent use of neuromodulators and opiates. Multivariable analysis identified obesity (adjusted (a)OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.24-17.47), RCC (aOR 4.08, 95% CI 1.09-15.23) and male sex (aOR 3.66, 95% CI 1.06-12.68) as independently associated with cough syncope.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cough syncope affects ∼2% of patients with chronic cough and is associated with male sex, obesity and refractory chronic cough, defining a distinct high-risk phenotype that warrants targeted risk stratification and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of two stepwise pharmacological treatment approaches to adult asthma: inhaled corticosteroid/formoterol reliever- <i>versus</i> short-acting β₂-agonist reliever-based therapy - Asthma on TRACK.","authors":"Ross Sayers, Ryan Cullen, Karen Oldfield, Jonathan Barrett, Jon Noble, Allie Eathorne, Rob Horne, Mark Weatherall, Richard Beasley","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00009-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00009-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have compared inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/formoterol reliever-based stepwise algorithms with short-acting β-agonist (SABA) reliever-based stepwise algorithms, titrated to levels of asthma control and exacerbations. Knowledge gaps remain in understanding ICS exposure over time, transitions between treatment steps, efficacy and participant satisfaction with different algorithm approaches.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study is to determine the exposure to ICS in adults and adolescents aged 16 to 75 years treated with a budesonide/formoterol reliever-based algorithm (Algorithm 1) compared to a salbutamol reliever-based algorithm (Algorithm 2) across the spectrum of asthma severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an investigator-initiated, 52-week, single-site, open-label, parallel-groups, 2-arm RCT of 152 adults and adolescents with mild, moderate and moderate-severe asthma (ACTRN12624001488594). Participants will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to a budesonide/formoterol reliever-based or a salbutamol reliever-based algorithm. Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) treatment step at enrolment according to the 2024 GINA Guidelines will be used to allocate participants to the corresponding steps of each algorithm. Treatment step transition will be in response to asthma exacerbations and level of asthma control. Those experiencing exacerbations or poorly controlled asthma will be stepped up, and those well controlled stepped down. The primary outcome is ICS exposure. Important secondary outcomes include composite systemic corticosteroid exposure, rates of asthma exacerbations, asthma control, T-helper 2 biomarkers, spirometry and participants' treatment perceptions and satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first RCT to compare ICS/formoterol- and SABA-based reliever stepwise algorithmic approaches in asthma, with treatment adjusted according to asthma control and exacerbations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low appendicular muscle mass and the risk of COPD development in people with PRISm.","authors":"Bente Brauwers, Lies Lahousse, Guy Brusselle, Rosanne J H C G Beijers, Martijn A Spruit, Frits M E Franssen","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01632-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01632-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is a heterogeneous condition often accompanied by respiratory symptoms and increased mortality, affecting 5-24% of the general population. However, the prevalence of low muscle mass and related clinical characteristics in PRISm remain unknown. This study aimed to: 1) determine the prevalence of low appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) in individuals with PRISm compared with normal spirometry and COPD; 2) describe characteristics of persons with PRISm with low or normal ASMI; and 3) investigate whether low ASMI in PRISm is associated with COPD development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Rotterdam Study, participants were classified as PRISm, COPD, or normal spirometry. Baseline characteristics and body composition (dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry-derived ASMI) were collected. Low ASMI was defined as <7.0 kg·m^-2 in males and <5.5 kg·m^-2 in females. Logistic regression assessed predictors of COPD development over ∼5 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5487 individuals, Low ASMI prevalence in PRISm was 8%, and was more common than in normal spirometry (4%). Among individuals with PRISm, 49% developed COPD over time. Compared to individuals with normal spirometry and normal ASMI, individuals with PRISm and low ASMI had a sevenfold higher risk of developing COPD adjusted for sex, age, and smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low ASMI was more prevalent in PRISm compared to normal spirometry. PRISm at baseline and smoking were strongly associated with COPD development, with the highest risk in individuals with PRISm and low ASMI, suggesting that low ASMI in PRISm may be a treatable trait requiring clinical attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial transcriptomics reveals airway remodelling and molecular targets across COPD severity.","authors":"Chen Xi Yang, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Firoozeh V Gerayeli, Francesca Polverino, Raymond T Ng, Joshua Malo, Don D Sin","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00075-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00075-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Spatial transcriptomics shows that airway remodelling of severe COPD is characterised by increased epithelial cells, reduced vascularity and altered immune cells, providing new insights into the pathological changes in COPD small airways</b> https://bit.ly/4bWF8VG.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography-derived pulmonary blood volume distribution may be modifiable in asthma.","authors":"Anusha A Mappanasingam, Yonni Friedlander, Ekamdeep Sandhu, Ashutosh Thakar, Nandhitha Ragunayakam, Nisarg Radadia, Melanie Kjarsgaard, John E McDonough, Carmen Venegas Garrido, Nathan Hambly, Manali Mukherjee, Parameswaran Nair, Sarah Svenningsen","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01850-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.01850-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A smaller relative volume of the peripheral pulmonary vasculature in asthma, termed \"vascular pruning\", has been linked to greater disease severity, exacerbations, and airflow obstruction. It is not known whether this is reversible. Therefore, the study objective was to determine whether \"loss\" of computed tomography (CT) measures of peripheral pulmonary vasculature is a modifiable feature of asthma pathophysiology by assessing its response to dupilumab.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>27 adults with moderate-to-severe asthma received dupilumab (n=19) or placebo (n=8) every 2 weeks for 16 weeks. Chest CT scans acquired at baseline and follow-up were analysed to quantify pulmonary blood vessel volumes categorised by cross-sectional area (≤5 mm² as BV5 and ≥10 mm² as BV10). These volumes were reported relative to the total blood volume (TBV) as BV5% and BV10%. Change in blood vessel volumes from baseline to follow-up were evaluated and correlated with changes in patient-reported outcomes, type-2 inflammatory biomarkers and measurements of airway structure and function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following dupilumab treatment (but not placebo), BV5% increased by 1.0% (95% CI -0.2% to 4.5%, p=0.02) and BV10% decreased by 1.0% (95% CI -3.6% to 0.7%, p=0.03). The between-group difference in median change was 3.0% for BV5% (95% CI 0.6% to 5.5%; p=0.008) and -3.0% for BV10% (95% CI -5.2% to -1.0%; p=0.007). In dupilumab-treated participants, the increase in BV5% and decrease in BV10% was associated with improved Asthma Control Questionnaire-5, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide and sputum eosinophil percentage (all p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A redistribution of pulmonary blood volume toward smaller vessels was observed following dupilumab, suggesting that CT-derived pulmonary vascular measurements may be modifiable in asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}