ERJ Open Research最新文献

{"title":"Systemic corticosteroid dose-response effects in asthma: an observational cohort study.","authors":"Xiao Xu, Trung N Tran, Sarowar Golam, Victoria Carter, David B Price","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00172-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00172-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>This study is among the first in a large patient database over an extended period to identify a link between SCS use/overuse and mortality in asthma in a positive dose-response relationship with average daily exposure and cumulative dose categories</b> https://bit.ly/3zzl2QN.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brensocatib in patients with bronchiectasis: subgroup analyses from the WILLOW trial.","authors":"James D Chalmers, Michael R Loebinger, Ariel Teper, Pamela J McShane, Carlos Fernandez, Sebastian Fucile, Charles S Haworth, Melanie Lauterio, Roald van der Laan, Vivian H Shih, Mark L Metersky","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00505-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00505-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bronchiectasis is a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Brensocatib, an oral, reversible inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (DPP1), reduces pulmonary inflammation by preventing the activation of neutrophil serine proteases. In the phase II WILLOW trial, brensocatib prolonged time to first exacerbation in patients with bronchiectasis. In this <i>post hoc</i> analysis we compare clinical outcomes in patients from WILLOW according to baseline disease characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with bronchiectasis treated with brensocatib (10 or 25 mg) or placebo once daily were analysed by baseline Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI) score (≤4 (mild), 5-8 (moderate), or ≥9 (severe)), exacerbation history (2 or ≥3 in the previous year), blood eosinophil count (<300 cells per µL or ≥300 cells per µL), long-term macrolide use (≥6 months; no or yes) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> culture at screening (negative or positive). End-points were time to first exacerbation, annualised exacerbation rate, change in lung function from baseline, and safety. All patients who received brensocatib were pooled and compared with placebo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with brensocatib <i>versus</i> placebo was associated with a longer time to first exacerbation (hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), BSI: ≤4, 0.28 (0.08-0.96); 5-8, 0.75 (0.35-1.60); ≥9, 0.61 (0.35-1.04); prior exacerbations: 2, 0.56 (0.34-0.90); ≥3, 0.71 (0.32-1.59); blood eosinophils per µL: <300, 0.66 (0.42-1.06); ≥300, 0.49 (0.20-1.20); long-term macrolide use: no, 0.60 (0.38-0.94); yes, 0.60 (0.25-1.45); <i>P. aeruginosa</i> culture: negative, 0.54 (0.32-0.92); positive, 0.68 (0.37-1.27)). Safety results were similar across subgroups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Patients treated with brensocatib had a numerically longer time to first exacerbation and reduced annualised rate of exacerbation <i>versus</i> placebo across all key baseline disease characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a descriptive study using a Japanese national administrative claims database.","authors":"Yuya Kimura, Taisuke Jo, Yohei Hashimoto, Ryosuke Kumazawa, Miho Ishimaru, Hiroki Matsui, Akira Yokoyama, Goh Tanaka, Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00666-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00666-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>The national prevalence of autoimmune and secondary PAP rose during the past decade. The prognoses of secondary and congenital PAP were particularly poor, highlighting the need for further research of the mechanisms underlying these diseases.</b> https://bit.ly/3Z7uBkg.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes in five patients with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis treated with molgramostim inhalation solution.","authors":"Celia Montaño, Elisabeth Bendstrup, Ida Rønnov-Jessen, Sara Salgado, Georg Sterniste, Arschang Valipour, Marcel Veltkamp, Maria Molina-Molina","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00567-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00567-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (aPAP), which accounts for >90% of all cases of PAP, is a rare lung disease mediated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies that block GM-CSF signalling, leading to reduced surfactant clearance causing abnormal accumulation of alveolar surfactant and impaired gas exchange [1-3]. The current standard of care for aPAP is whole-lung lavage (WLL), which is invasive, resource intensive, carries procedural risk, does not address the underlying cause of disease and often must be repeated regularly [4]. Hence, there is a therapeutical need to address the underlying pathophysiology of the disease. Studies have explored inhaled GM-CSF augmentation as a primary treatment for aPAP [5-12]. In this real-world case series, we present the beneficial long-term effects of molgramostim inhalation solution, an investigational, recombinant GM-CSF, in five aPAP patients with therapeutic disease challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronobiology in breathlessness across 24 h in people with persistent breathlessness.","authors":"Jacob Sandberg, Josefin Sundh, Peter Anderberg, Miriam J Johnson, David C Currow, Magnus Ekström","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00417-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00417-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Breathlessness has relatively low variability in daily life, with a gradual decline throughout the day after a morning peak. People who were inactive, and those with more intense breathlessness limiting their exertion had higher levels of breathlessness.</b> https://bit.ly/3WVbCrF.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: \"Patients at risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease who need testing evaluated using a modified Delphi process by European experts.\" Michael R. Loebinger, Stefano Aliberti, Charles Haworth, Mateja Jankovic Makek, Christoph Lange, Natalie Lorent, Apostolos Papavasileiou, Eva Polverino, Gernot Rohde, Nicolas Veziris, Dirk Wagner and Jakko van Ingen. <i>ERJ Open Res</i> 2024; 10: 00791-2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/23120541.50791-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.50791-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00791-2023.].</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to distinguish PPI-refractory from PPI-responsive patients in gastro-oesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough: post-reflux swallow induced peristaltic wave index and mean nocturnal baseline impedance provide new predictive factors.","authors":"Wanzhen Li, Bingxian Sha, Haodong Bai, Tongyangzi Zhang, Shengyuan Wang, Yadav Ambedkar Kumar, Yiqing Zhu, Li Yu, Xianghuai Xu","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00299-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00299-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The results of empirical trials with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for management of gastro-oesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough (GERC) have resulted in considerable controversy, and the mechanism of PPI refractoriness remains unclear. Our study aims to identify the predictors of PPI refractoriness of GERC in a retrospective clinical study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 128 GERC patients were enrolled between March 2018 and October 2022. Regression analysis was utilised to create a model for predicting PPI-refractory of GERC using retrospective analysis of the general data and MII-pH indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The post-reflux swallow induced peristaltic wave index (PSPWI) was lower in the PPI-refractory group than the PPI-responsive group (33.89±7.38 <i>versus</i> 39.45±9.47, respectively, p<0.001), as were the mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) and proximal MNBI (2092.11 (IQR: 652.23)] <i>versus</i> 2426.52 (IQR: 917.39) Ω, respectively, p=0.012; 1599.50 (IQR: 1206.63) <i>versus</i> 2274.50 (IQR: 1775.29) Ω, respectively, p=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the PSPWI (odds ratio 0.919, p=0.001) as an independent predictor of PPI-refractory GERC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diagnostic value of both proximal MNBI ≤39.90% and MNBI ≤2233.58 Ω had moderate sensitivity (71.67%) and specificity (75.00%) to identify PPI-refractory GERC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence improves bronchoscopy performance: a randomised crossover trial.","authors":"Kristoffer Mazanti Cold, Kaladerhan Agbontaen, Anne Orholm Nielsen, Christian Skjoldvang Andersen, Suveer Singh, Lars Konge","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00395-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00395-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Flexible bronchoscopy is an operator-dependent procedure. An automatic bronchial identification system based on artificial intelligence (AI) could help bronchoscopists to perform more complete and structured procedures through automatic guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>101 participants were included from six different continents at the European Respiratory Society annual conference in Milan, 9-13 September 2023. Participants were split into three groups based on experience: novices (0 bronchoscopies), intermediates (1-249 bronchoscopies) and experienced (≥250 bronchoscopies). The participants performed two bronchoscopies on a realistic physical phantom, one with AI (AmbuBronchoSimulatorTrainingGUIDEv.0.0.1, Prototype version, Ambu) and one Standard procedure. The F1-group received AI guidance for their first procedure, the F2-group for their second. A crossover randomisation controlled for learning by testing. All procedures were automatically rated according to the outcome measures: inspected segments, structured progressions and procedure time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AI guidance caused the participants to inspect more segments (mean difference, paired t-test: +6.0 segments, p<0.001), perform more structured progressions (+5.2 progressions, p<0.001) and spend more time on the procedure (+72 s, p<0.001) compared to their standard procedures. The effects of AI guidance on inspected segments and structured progression were highest for novices but significant for all experience groups: novices (+8.2 segments, p=0.012 and +6.6 progressions, p<0.001), intermediates (+5.7 segments, p=0.006 and +5.1 progressions, p<0.001) and experienced (+4.3 segments, p=0.006 and +3.8 progressions, p<0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI guidance helped bronchoscopists of all experience levels to inspect more segments in a more structured order. Clinical implementation of AI guidance could help ensure and document more complete bronchoscopy procedures in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastro-oesophageal reflux-related chronic cough: can new tools improve patient assessment?","authors":"Shuxin Zhong, Ruchong Chen, Huda Badri","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00794-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00794-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Novel impedance pH monitoring parameters, such as mean nocturnal baseline impedance and post-reflux swallow induced peristaltic wave index, may be better markers for assessing chronic cough related to oesophageal hypersensitivity</b> https://bit.ly/41woxTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of acetazolamide on exercise performance in patients with COPD going to high altitude: randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Roman F Kind, Michael Furian, Aline Buergin, Philipp M Scheiwiller, Laura Mayer, Simon R Schneider, Mona Lichtblau, Lara Muralt, Maamed Mademilov, Talant M Sooronbaev, Silvia Ulrich, Konrad E Bloch","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00767-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/23120541.00767-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In patients with COPD, preventive treatment with acetazolamide reduces adverse health effects during altitude travel. We investigated whether preventive acetazolamide treatment modifies exercise performance in COPD patients going to high altitude.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomised, double-blind trial, lowlanders with COPD, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) 40-80% predicted, were assigned to acetazolamide (375 mg per 24 h) or placebo treatment starting 24 h before ascent and while staying at 3100 m. Patients performed progressive cycling exercise to exhaustion at 760 m, before taking the study drug, and within 4 h after arrival at 3100 m. The primary outcome was the maximal power output (W_max).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>103 patients (32 women), mean±sd age 57.2±8.1 years, FEV₁ 66±11% predicted, were included in per-protocol analyses. In 53 patients receiving acetazolamide, W_max and oxygen uptake (<i>V</i>'_O₂ _max) at 760 m and 3100 m were 105±27 and 91±25 W, and 18.0±4.8 and 15.5±3.7 mL·min^-1·kg^-1 (p<0.001, both changes). Corresponding W_max and <i>V</i>'_O₂ _max in 50 patients receiving placebo were 107±34 and 97±28 W, and 18.9±6.0 and 17.2±5.0 mL·min^-1·kg^-1 (p<0.001, both changes). Between-group differences (95% CI) in altitude-induced W_max changes were -3.0 W (-8.7 to +2.7, p=0.305) and in <i>V</i>'_O₂ _max changes were -0.8 mL·min^-1·kg^-1 (-2.1 to +0.5, p=0.213). Acetazolamide mitigated the altitude-induced reduction of <i>P</i> _aO₂ by 0.7 kPa (0.1 to 1.3, p=0.016). At 3100 m, maximal work rate with respiratory exchange ratio ≤1 was greater with acetazolamide than with placebo by 10.1 W (4.0 to 16.2, p=0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In lowlanders with COPD, preventive treatment with acetazolamide did not modify the altitude-induced reduction in maximal work rate. However, acetazolamide enhanced arterial oxygenation and submaximal, moderate-intensity work capacity compared with placebo.</p>","PeriodicalId":11739,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}