E. Bonilla, J. S. Britton, M.M. Gordon, M.P. Scheidt, R.P. Williams
{"title":"Automated generation of integrated architectures and end-to-end network models","authors":"E. Bonilla, J. S. Britton, M.M. Gordon, M.P. Scheidt, R.P. Williams","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559426","url":null,"abstract":"As systems and systems of systems become more prevalent and complex the need to tightly couple architectures and end-to-end network models and generate them automatically becomes imperative in order to maintain efficiencies, accuracy and detail. Network models that reflect true end-to-end architectures need to encompass terrestrial, wireless and satellite components and be highly detailed to truly represent all of the complexities in a worldwide communications network. Based on our experience as a systems integrator where we focus on end-to-end communications, systems architectures and integrated network models that reflect those architectures we have gained efficiencies and accuracy through our tools and processes. Our use of best-in-class tools including OPNET, satellite tool kit, Popkin System Architecttrade and their well known XML-friendly definitions, such as OPNET Modeler'strade data type description, or socket-based data transfer modules, such as STKtrade/Connect, enable the sharing of data between applications for more rapid development of end-to-end system architectures and a more complete system design. By sharing the results of and integrating best-in-class tools we are able to: (1) promote sharing of data; (2) enhance the fidelity of our results; and (3) allow network and application performance to be viewed in the context of the entire enterprise and its processes","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123890629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communications blackout predictions for atmospheric entry of Mars Science Laboratory","authors":"D. Morabito, K. Edquist","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559339","url":null,"abstract":"The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is expected to be a long-range, long-duration science laboratory rover on the Martian surface. MSL will provide a significant milestone that paves the way for future landed missions to Mars. NASA is studying options to launch MSL as early as 2009. There are three elements to the spacecraft; carrier (cruise stage), entry vehicle, and rover. The rover has a UHF proximity link as the primary path for EDL communications and may have an X-band direct-to-Earth link as a back-up. Given the importance of collecting critical event telemetry data during atmospheric entry, it is important to understand the ability of a signal link to be maintained, especially during the period near peak convective heating. The received telemetry during entry (or played back later) allows for the performance of the entry-descent-landing technologies to be assessed. These technologies include guided entry for precision landing, a new sky-crane landing system and powered descent. MSL will undergo an entry profile that may result in a potential communications blackout caused by ionized particles for short periods near peak heating. The vehicle will use UHF and possibly X-band during the entry phase. The purpose of this report is to quantify or bound the likelihood of any such blackout at UHF frequencies (401 MHz) and X-band frequencies (8.4 GHz). Two entry trajectory scenarios were evaluated: a stressful entry trajectory to quantify an upper-bound for any possible blackout period, and a nominal trajectory to quantify likelihood of blackout for such cases.","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124912139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianhui Luo, M. Namburu, K. Pattipati, Liu Qiao, S. Chigusa
{"title":"Integrated model-based and data-driven diagnostic strategies applied to an anti-lock brake system","authors":"Jianhui Luo, M. Namburu, K. Pattipati, Liu Qiao, S. Chigusa","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559675","url":null,"abstract":"Model-based fault diagnosis, using statistical techniques, residual generation (by analytical redundancy), and parameter estimation, has been an active area of research for the past four decades. However, these techniques are developed in isolation and generally a single technique can not address the diagnostic problems in complex systems. In this paper, we investigate a hybrid approach, which combines different techniques to obtain better diagnostic performance than the use of a single technique alone, and demonstrate it on an anti-lock brake system. In this approach, we first combine the parity equations and nonlinear observer to generate the residuals. Statistical tests, in particular generalized likelihood ratio tests (GLRT), are used to detect a subset of faults that are easier to detect. Support vector machines (SVM) is used for fault isolation of less-sensitive parametric faults. Finally, subset selection for improved parameter estimation is used to estimate fault severity","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116600720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytic representation of eddy current sensor data for fault diagnostics","authors":"C. Teolis, A. Teolis, J. Paduano, M. Lackner","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559652","url":null,"abstract":"A complex representation of eddy-current sensor data is proposed and used for the detection of blade fault conditions in turbine engines. The representation is applied to the problem of detecting synchronous vibrations using a single sensor","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125229927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A nonparametric F-distribution anomaly detector for hyperspectral imagery","authors":"D. Rosario","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559493","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative idea is proposed and its application to hyperspectral imagery is presented, as a viable alternative to testing sample hypothesis using conventional methods. This idea led to the design of two novel algorithms for anomaly detection. The first existing algorithm, referred to as semiparametric (SemiP), is based on some of the advances made on semiparametric inference. The second algorithm, proposed in this paper and referred to as a combined F test (CFT), is based on a nonparametric model and has its test statistic behaving asymptotically under the Fisher's F family of distributions. A major drawback of the SemiP detector is its dependence on a function maximization routine, which requires initialization and no guarantees of convergence. The CFT detector is free of such dependence. Experimental results using real hyperspectral data are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of both algorithms in comparison to the industry standard approach. The CFT and SemiP detectors significantly outperformed the standard approach","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122904625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Probabilistic approach to planetary protection","authors":"B. Muirhead","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559338","url":null,"abstract":"The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is the next generation Mars surface exploration mission proposed to launch in 2009. MSL faces a new and complex set of planetary protection (PP) and contamination control issues. MSL will carry a scientific payload capable of making geochemical and biochemical measurements never before attempted on another planet. MSL is designed to access most of the surface of Mars at any season for as much as a full Mars year through the use of radioisotope power. The combination of the science goals, use of radioisotope power, new measurements and theories about the presence of ice, and the requirement to evaluate off-nominal landings have forced the MSL project to develop a new approach to PP. Well, not so new, the project's strategy is the go back to the Viking probabilistic approach as the basis for its planetary protection categorization request. With the newest knowledge of Mars and detailed failure scenarios the project is preparing a very detailed set of analyses to show there is an acceptably low probability of contaminating Mars in the event an off-nominal landing. This paper discusses the formulation of the probabilistic approach and the latest results. Included is a summary of the various analyses that are required to support the probabilistic analysis including: entry and aerothermal breakup, terminal impact and breakup, thermo-fluid dynamics of icy soil in the presence of a perennial heat source to create liquid water, biologic reproduction potential and redistribution. This work is being closely coordinated with the NASA Planetary Protection Officer and is recognized as path finding for future Mars surface missions.","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127017065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response of circuit and packet-switching satellite networks to a sudden-attack scenario","authors":"J. Hant, D. Lanzinger","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559456","url":null,"abstract":"Since next-generation satellites are being designed to be network-centric, with routers and switches on board, the choice between circuit and packet switching (or a combination of both) has become a crucial technology decision that many designers of military satellite networks must grapple with. Of particular importance, is how each type of switching responds to a wartime or sudden attack scenario. When a sudden attack occurs, there is typically a surge in high-priority traffic that may be due to sensors, voice communications, or other applications. The following simulation study characterizes how packet- and circuit-switching systems respond to this sudden change in traffic prioritization. Results show that circuit-switched satellite networks must be carefully preconfigured prior to the attack and are less robust in handling surges in high-priority, wartime traffic","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116513370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Next generation millimeter-wave radar for safe planetary landing","authors":"B. Pollard, G. Sadowy","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559412","url":null,"abstract":"Safe, precise landing on planetary bodies requires knowledge of altitude and velocity, and may require active detection and avoidance of hazardous terrain. Radar offers a superior solution to both problems due to its ability to operate at any time of day, through dust and engine plumes, and ability to detect velocity coherently. While previous efforts have focused on providing near term solutions to the safe landing problem, we are designing radar velocimeters and radar imagers for missions beyond the next decade. In this paper we identify the fundamental issues within each approach, at arrive at strawman sensor designs at a center frequency at or around 160 GHz (G-band). We find that a G-band radar velocimeter design is capable of sub-10 cm/s accuracy, and a G-band imager is capable of sub-0.5 degree resolution over a 28 degree field of view. From those designs, we arrive at the key technology requirements for the development of power and low noise amplifiers, signal distribution methods, and antenna arrays that enable the construction of these next generation sensors","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127603241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model-based validation and verification of autonomous networked vehicles","authors":"L. Sapronov, P. Bose","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559343","url":null,"abstract":"Validation and verification (V&V) is an integral part of system design that allows the designer to establish the correctness of a system as well as analyze its robustness in the presence of disturbances and failures. V&V is especially critical in the development of autonomous vehicles. The pursuer-evader problem is a particularly challenging topic in autonomous vehicle research because it includes several different problems such as path planning, target assignment, and collision avoidance. In this paper, we describe the foundation of a model-based V&V framework that enables validation and verification of certain aspects of the performance of autonomous pursuer vehicles. In particular, we concentrate on the verification and analysis of a collision-avoidance strategy employed to prevent collisions between pursuers. The work presented in this paper was conducted at the Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center and is part of the ongoing VVIACS project (validation and verification of intelligent and adaptive control systems) as presented in G. Tallant et al. (2004)","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132529829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design for Flexible and Scalable Avionics Systems","authors":"I. Bate, P. Emberson","doi":"10.1109/AERO.2005.1559585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2005.1559585","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale complex embedded systems pose unique problems to developers. The development of these systems is often performed in a concurrent and iterative fashion. This has lead to a great deal of work on developing processes and product technologies to support scalability and flexibility, i.e. managing change. One example of this is the DARPA funded MoBIES project which approaches the problem by allowing the designer to concentrate on the model level. From a real-time systems perspective, one area that needs greater attention is that of task allocation and attribute assignment. The reason is that, whilst a great deal of work has been done on task allocation, it has been targeted at meeting the current set of timing requirements without giving appropriate consideration for the need to manage change","PeriodicalId":117223,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132620924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}