Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies最新文献_第2页

Application of the Maximum Entropy Method to Multifunctional Materials for Data Fusion and Uncertainty Quantification 最大熵法在多功能材料数据融合与不确定度量化中的应用

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-7960

Wei Gao, W. Oates, P. Miles, Ralph C. Smith

{"title":"Application of the Maximum Entropy Method to Multifunctional Materials for Data Fusion and Uncertainty Quantification","authors":"Wei Gao, W. Oates, P. Miles, Ralph C. Smith","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-7960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-7960","url":null,"abstract":"Bayesian statistics is a quintessential tool for model validation in many applications including smart materials, adaptive structures, and intelligent systems. It typically uses either experimental data or high-fidelity simulations to infer model parameter uncertainty of reduced order models due to experimental noise and homogenization of quantum or atomistic behavior. When heterogeneous data is available for Bayesian inference, open questions remain on appropriate methods to fuse data and avoid inappropriate weighting on individual data sets. To address this issue, we implement a Bayesian statistical method that begins with maximizing entropy. We show how this method can weight heterogeneous data automatically during the inference process through the error covariance. This Maximum Entropy (ME) method is demonstrated by quantifying uncertainty in 1) a ferroelectric domain structure model and 2) a finite deforming electrostrictive membrane model. The ferroelectric phase field model identifies continuum parameters from multiple density functional theory calculations. In the case of the electrostrictive membrane, parameters are estimated from both mechanical and electric displacement experimental measurements.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117120069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Modeling of the Interface of Functionally Graded Superelastic Zones in Compliant Deployable Structures 柔性可展开结构中功能梯度超弹性区界面建模

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-8176

J. Jovanova, Simona Domazetovska, M. Frecker

{"title":"Modeling of the Interface of Functionally Graded Superelastic Zones in Compliant Deployable Structures","authors":"J. Jovanova, Simona Domazetovska, M. Frecker","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-8176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-8176","url":null,"abstract":"Functionally graded compliant mechanisms can be fabricated with additive manufacturing technology by engineering the microstructural and compositional gradients at selected locations resulting in compositionally graded zones of higher and lower flexibility. The local compliance depends on the geometry of the structure as well as the material property in the selected region. As Nitinol (NiTi) is well suited for applications requiring compliance, the critical transformation stress and the superelastic modulus of elasticity are crucial parameters for defining the local compliance. To understand the behavior at the interface between two different material compositions, three models of gradient change between the alloys are analyzed: step change, linear and polynomial gradients. In addition to localize the deformation in the interface, three different flexure designs in the interface are analyzed. This paper will address a methodology for modeling and parametrization of material properties and transition at the interface, for different flexure designs. The combined effort in the interface of the functional grading and the geometry will be used for the design of monolithic self-deployable structures, initially folded in compact shape. The design motivation comes from the self-deploying mechanisms inspired by insects’ wings.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132479195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

3-D Printing of Dielectric Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Characterization of Dielectric Flexible Materials 介质电活性聚合物致动器的3d打印及介质柔性材料的表征

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-8011

D. Gonzalez, B. Newell, J. García, Lucas Noble, Trevor Mamer

{"title":"3-D Printing of Dielectric Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Characterization of Dielectric Flexible Materials","authors":"D. Gonzalez, B. Newell, J. García, Lucas Noble, Trevor Mamer","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-8011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-8011","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric electroactive polymers are materials capable of mechanically adjusting their volume in response to an electrical stimulus. However, currently these materials require multi-step manufacturing processes which are not additive. This paper presents a novel 3D printed flexible dielectric material and characterizes its use as a dielectric electroactive polymer (DEAP) actuator. The 3D printed material was characterized electrically and mechanically and its functionality as a dielectric electroactive polymer actuator was demonstrated. The flexible 3-D printed material demonstrated a high dielectric constant and ideal stress-strain performance in tensile testing making the 3-D printed material ideal for use as a DEAP actuator. The tensile stress-strain properties were measured on samples printed under three different conditions (three printing angles 0°, 45° and 90°). The results demonstrated the flexible material presents different responses depending on the printing angle. Based on these results, it was possible to determine that the active structure needs low pre-strain to perform a visible contractive displacement when voltage is applied to the electrodes. The actuator produced an area expansion of 5.48% in response to a 4.3 kV applied voltage, with an initial pre-strain of 63.21% applied to the dielectric material.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122648741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Manufacture of Lenses and Diffraction Gratings Using DLP As an Additive Manufacturing Technology 利用DLP增材制造技术制造透镜和衍射光栅

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-7963

Laura Daniela Vallejo Melgarejo, J. García, R. Reifenberger, B. Newell

{"title":"Manufacture of Lenses and Diffraction Gratings Using DLP As an Additive Manufacturing Technology","authors":"Laura Daniela Vallejo Melgarejo, J. García, R. Reifenberger, B. Newell","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-7963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-7963","url":null,"abstract":"This document condenses the results obtained when 3D printing lenses and their potential use as diffraction gratings using Digital Light Processing (DLP), as an additive manufacturing technique. This project investigated the feasibility of using DLP additive manufacturing for producing custom designed lenses and gratings. DLP was identified as the preferred manufacturing technology for gratings fabrication. Diffraction gratings take advantage of the anisotropy, inherent in additive manufacturing processes, to produce a collated pattern of multiple fringes on a substrate with completely smooth surfaces. The gratings are transmissive and were manufactured with slit separations of 10, 25 and 50 μm. More than 50 samples were printed at various build angles and mechanically treated for maximum optical transparency. The variables of the irradiance equation were obtained from photographs taken with an optical microscope. These values were used to estimate theoretical irradiance patterns of a diffraction grating and compared against the experimental 3-D printed grating. The resulting patterns were found to be remarkably similar in amplitude and distance between peaks when compared to theoretical values.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131194644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Progress of Active Thermometry Method in Submarine Pipeline Scour Monitoring 主动测温法在海底管道冲刷监测中的研究进展

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-8232

Xuefeng Zhao, Xu Yan, Xinwang Zhang, Weijie Li, Qin Ba, Le Li

引用次数: 0

Can Quantum Computers Solve Linear Algebra Problems to Advance Engineering Applications? 量子计算机能解决线性代数问题以推进工程应用吗?

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-8087

Guanglei Xu, W. Oates

{"title":"Can Quantum Computers Solve Linear Algebra Problems to Advance Engineering Applications?","authors":"Guanglei Xu, W. Oates","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-8087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-8087","url":null,"abstract":"Since its inception by Richard Feynman in 1982, quantum computing has provided an intriguing opportunity to advance computational capabilities over classical computing. Classical computers use bits to process information in terms of zeros and ones. Quantum computers use the complex world of quantum mechanics to carry out calculations using qubits (the quantum analog of a classical bit). The qubit can be in a superposition of the zero and one state simultaneously unlike a classical bit. The true power of quantum computing comes from the complexity of entanglement between many qubits. When entanglement is realized, quantum algorithms for problems such as factoring numbers and solving linear algebra problems show exponential speed-up relative to any known classical algorithm. Linear algebra problems are of particular interest in engineering application for solving problems that use finite element and finite difference methods. Here, we explore quantum linear algebra problems where we design and implement a quantum circuit that can be tested on IBM’s quantum computing hardware. A set of quantum gates are assimilated into a circuit and implemented on the IBM Q system to demonstrate its algorithm capabilities and its measurement methodology.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"229 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133857278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling of Internal Damage Evolution During Actuation Fatigue in Shape Memory Alloys 形状记忆合金驱动疲劳过程中内部损伤演化模型

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-8068

F. Phillips, Daniel Martin, D. Lagoudas, R. Wheeler

{"title":"Modeling of Internal Damage Evolution During Actuation Fatigue in Shape Memory Alloys","authors":"F. Phillips, Daniel Martin, D. Lagoudas, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-8068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-8068","url":null,"abstract":"Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are unique materials capable of undergoing a thermo-mechanically induced, reversible, crystallographic phase transformation. As SMAs are utilized across a variety of applications, it is necessary to understand the internal changes that occur throughout the lifetime of SMA components. One of the key limitations to the lifetime of a SMA component is the response of SMAs to fatigue. SMAs are subject to two kinds of fatigue, namely structural fatigue due to cyclic mechanical loading which is similar to high cycle fatigue, and functional fatigue due to cyclic phase transformation which typical is limited to the low cycle fatigue regime. In cases where functional fatigue is due to thermally induced phase transformation in contrast to being mechanically induced, this form of fatigue can be further defined as actuation fatigue. Utilizing X-ray computed microtomography, it is shown that during actuation fatigue, internal damage such as cracks or voids, evolves in a non-linear manner. A function is generated to capture this non-linear internal damage evolution and introduced into a SMA constitutive model. Finally, it is shown how the modified SMA constitutive model responds and the ability of the model to predict actuation fatigue lifetime is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122898453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid Algorithm for Structural Health Monitoring of High-Rate Systems 高速率系统结构健康监测的混合算法

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-7977

Jonathan Hong, S. Laflamme, Liang Cao, B. Joyce, J. Dodson

{"title":"Hybrid Algorithm for Structural Health Monitoring of High-Rate Systems","authors":"Jonathan Hong, S. Laflamme, Liang Cao, B. Joyce, J. Dodson","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-7977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-7977","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering systems subject to high-rate extreme environments can often experience a sudden plastic deformation during a dynamic event. Examples of such systems include civil structures exposed to blast or aerial vehicles experiencing impacts. The change in configuration through deformation can rapidly lead to catastrophic failures resulting in intolerable losses in investments or human lives. A solution is to conduct fast system estimation enabling real-time decisions, in the order of microseconds, to mitigate such high-rate changes. To do so, we propose a model-driven observer coupled with a data-driven adaptive wavelet neural network to provide real-time stiffness estimations to continuously update a system’s model. This real-time system identification method offers adaptability of the system’s parameters to unforeseeable changes. The results of the simulations demonstrate accurate stiffness estimations in milliseconds for three different excitation conditions for a one degree-of-freedom spring, mass, and damper system with variable stiffness.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125669545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Energy Harvesting in Discontinuous Processes by Shape Memory Alloys 形状记忆合金在不连续过程中的能量收集

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-8162

A. Czechowicz, S. Langbein

{"title":"Energy Harvesting in Discontinuous Processes by Shape Memory Alloys","authors":"A. Czechowicz, S. Langbein","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-8162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-8162","url":null,"abstract":"Heat is often lost unused in industry, commerce and households and is considered a waste product — while there is a lot of energy potential in waste heat. As part of the project “Theasmart”, scientists and companies are exploring just these potentials to find out how the waste product heat can be used for further purposes through the use of an innovative smart materials technology. The goal of the project is the further qualification of shape memory alloys with special focus on thin hysteresis applications for energy harvesting. In certain applications, these metals can be used as a thermal drive, for example for thermal valves or as thermal air flow regulators. Energy efficiency in processes in industrial companies or households could be improved by their use of waste heat. By 2020, the development of thermally driven generators, so-called “energy harvesters”, and the identification of other areas of application is planned. This publication focuses on first steps towards a process tool which can be actuated by waste heat of a thermal annealing sub-process directly, or used as mechanical energy charging device combined with a releasing mechanism.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129840888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the Coiling Motion of Soft Actuators Reinforced With Tilted Helix Fibers 倾斜螺旋纤维增强软执行器卷绕运动的研究

Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1115/SMASIS2018-8038

Ryan Geer, Suyi Li

{"title":"Examining the Coiling Motion of Soft Actuators Reinforced With Tilted Helix Fibers","authors":"Ryan Geer, Suyi Li","doi":"10.1115/SMASIS2018-8038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2018-8038","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the coiling and uncoiling motion of a soft pneumatic actuator reinforced with tilted helix fibers. Coiling motion can be quite useful for robotic manipulation and locomotion purposes. This research proposes and investigates a novel actuator that is inspired and derived from the unique cell wall architecture in the seed appendage of Stork’s Bill plant (Erodium Gruinum). These plant cells are reinforced by cellulose fibers distributed in a tilted helix pattern — helixes that are tilted at a certain angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cell. As a result, the seed appendage can coil and uncoil via a combination of twisting and bending. This paper discusses the design, fabrication, and testing of a soft actuator that can mimic this sophisticated motion. This actuator consists of Kevlar fiber thread wrapped around a silicon rubber body that has the shape of a tube. The tube will be capped at both ends so that it can be pressurized internally to induce motion. Once the design parameter has been chosen, the soft actuator are fabricated by 1) designing and 3D printing molds, 2) tube casting and fiber wrapping, and 3) creating the end caps for pressure sealing. Carefully executing these fabrication steps is essential because any errors could give undesired deformation. Several soft actuators prototypes are fabricated based on different design choices regarding the actuator radius, tube wall thickness, and the number of tilted helix fibers (aka. fiber coverage). Proof-of-concept tests show that these actuator prototypes can indeed exhibit a combined twisting and bending under internal pressurization: all are the necessary receipts to achieve the coiling and uncoiling motion. Result of this paper can pave the way for a new family of soft actuators capable of unprecedented and sophisticated actuation motions, which are particularly appealing for soft robot application.","PeriodicalId":117187,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Mechanics and Behavior of Active Materials; Structural Health Monitoring; Bioinspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting; Emerging Technologies","volume":"406 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116332503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5