Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management最新文献

{"title":"Antimony retention and transformation: a novel approach using microfluidics and hydrogel, biocomposite nanomagnetite aggregates","authors":"Evgenia-Maria Papaslioti ,&nbsp;Hervé Tabuteau ,&nbsp;Julien Farasin ,&nbsp;Delphine Vantelon ,&nbsp;Valerie Magnin ,&nbsp;Laurent Charlet","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimony (Sb) is a redox sensitive metalloid increasingly recognized as an emerging contaminant of global concern due to its toxicity and widespread occurrence in natural and anthropogenically impacted water systems. It is commonly found in both drinking and wastewater, where it poses potential risks to human health. Magnetite nanoparticles, known as active retention agents for redox-sensitive contaminants, are combined here with polymeric matrices to ease their application in water treatment systems and to enhance their stability, dispersibility, and sorption efficiency. In this study, we assess Sb retention using hydrogel-nanomagnetite aggregates, with and without chitosan coating, under flow-through microfluidic conditions that mimic natural and engineered aquatic environments. Advanced synchrotron-based μ-XRF mapping and μ-XANES spectroscopy were employed for the first time to such integrated system to simultaneously resolve the spatial distribution and oxidation state of sorbed Sb. Antimonate immobilization followed two distinct, input concentration-dependent pathways: (i) reduction to Sb(III), forming stable inner-sphere Fe–O–Sb complexes, or (ii) adsorption via electrostatic and complexation mechanisms. At low Sb(V) concentrations reduction is favored in chitosan-free aggregates, enabling homogeneous Sb(III) diffusion through the media. At higher concentrations, and particularly in chitosan-coated systems, Sb(V) is immobilized predominantly via adsorption, accumulating on the rim of the aggregates. Chitosan enhances Sb(V) sorption by providing positively charged functional groups and, along with pH and Sb input concentration, controls Sb sorption processes. These findings deepen the understanding of Sb retention mechanisms through redox and sorption interactions in polymer-supported magnetite systems, as revealed using microfluidics technology, and provide a new foundation for the development of advanced water treatment technologies with international relevance for mitigating redox-sensitive contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive study on silica nanoparticles: Green synthesis and photodegradation of organic dyes","authors":"Suman ,&nbsp;Gita Rani ,&nbsp;Siddharth ,&nbsp;Sakshi Choudhary ,&nbsp;Rachna Ahlawat","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic dyes have the potential to negatively affect aquatic ecosystems by lowering oxygen levels, interfering with photosynthesis, and decreasing sunlight penetration, all of which are hazardous for aquatic life. Many kinds of nanoparticles, including metal oxides, metal organic frameworks, silver and gold nanoparticles, are used to break down dye, but they still have certain drawbacks, including accumulation, stability issues, expense, and harmful chemical waste. Therefore, among the several kinds of green sources, green synthesis of silica nanoparticles is a novel and environmentally benign technique that has attracted a lot of interest due to its potential for environmental remediation, especially in the degradation of dyes. High surface area and porosity, two distinctive features of the produced silica nanoparticles, increase their catalytic activity in the degradation of dyes. Green synthesis of SNPs from different sources by following various methods along with their structure, particle size, surface area, and purity has been reported by multiple studies. The excellent photodegradation capabilities of SNPs and their composites under different light sources (such as sunlight, LED lamp, xenon lamp, and mercury lamp), along with the reaction time, reaction kinetics, and pH condition, have been documented by multiple studies. This thorough study aims to support researchers with a better understanding of this cost-effective, simple, and eco-friendly research area and to follow this to synthesize SNPs for future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced TiO2-ZnO/graphene hybrid nanocomposite for ultra-sensitive electrochemical detection of fipronil pesticide","authors":"La Ode Agus Salim ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nurdin ,&nbsp;Maulidiyah Maulidiyah ,&nbsp;Nohong Nohong","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing use of fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide with known toxicity and endocrine-disrupting effects, poses significant environmental and health risks due to its persistence in agricultural products and ecosystems. This study presents the development of a novel TiO₂-ZnO/graphene (GTZ) hybrid nanocomposite electrode for ultra-sensitive electrochemical detection of fipronil. The GTZ nanocomposite was synthesized using a microwave-assisted technique and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM results showed that TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles were well dispersed in the graphene layer. XRD diffractograms confirmed the presence of the anatase TiO₂ phase and Wurtzite ZnO phase in GTZ nanocomposites. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups, Ti-O and Zn-O bonds, indicating successful modification of graphene. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to evaluate the sensing capabilities of the GTZ electrode, demonstrating a linear response to fipronil concentrations as low as 0.0023 µg/L, with a high reproducibility (RSD 1.77 %). The electrode’s enhanced sensitivity can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between TiO₂-ZnO nanoparticles and graphene, providing a large electroactive surface area and improved electron transfer kinetics. This study confirms the potential of GTZ nanocomposite electrodes as a cost-effective and portable platform for real-time monitoring of fipronil residues in environmental and agricultural samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride distribution, groundwater quality and health risk assessment for contaminated region near Krishna River (Maharashtra) India","authors":"Sandip Sampatrao Sathe ,&nbsp;Uday Bhan ,&nbsp;Anamika Kushwaha ,&nbsp;Mohd Shabbir ,&nbsp;Kranti Patil ,&nbsp;Vishal Kamboj ,&nbsp;Lalit Goswami ,&nbsp;Seungdae Oh ,&nbsp;Kanchan Deoli Bahukhandi ,&nbsp;Akhilesh Bind","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aims to examine the sustainability of groundwater in a contaminated area of Krishna river, one of the vital natural source for drinking and irrigation purposes in India. The water samples (in total 142) were collected in different seasons from Sangli district of Maharashtra state, India, and their suitability for drinking, domestic usage, irrigation water quality indices, and health risk assessment were studied. The spatial distribution and safe groundwater region were identified using the ordinary Kriging method. The major cations concentration was observed in order as Mg²⁺ &gt; Ca²⁺ &gt; K⁺ &gt; Na⁺, whereas for anions it was observed as HCO₃⁻ &gt; SO₄²⁻ &gt; Cl⁻ &gt; F⁻. The groundwater quality indices for magnesium hazard (MH) suggest that 100 samples from the village area, 27 from the city area, and 7 from the industrial area were found not suitable for the irrigation purposes. Similarly, the results of Kelley’s ratio and sodium absorption ratio support MH findings and suggest that these sources are inapt for irrigation purposes. Pearson correlation values for industrial area samples showed a significantly positive correlation value for F⁻ with SO₄²⁻, Ca²⁺, and K⁺ as 0.48, 0.87, and 0.89, respectively. The health risk assessment shows that in the industrial, city and, village areas, 21 %, 4 %, and 19 % of children are highly susceptible to fluorosis, respectively. This physicochemical and hydrogeochemical study of groundwater suggests that the shallow aquifer depth groundwater of this study area was moderately unsafe for the usage of drinking and irrigation purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Macrococcus caseolyticus strain AgD isolated from crude oil-contaminated water samples and their application in remediation of crude oil contamination in the Niger Delta aquatic environment","authors":"A.A. Ikhumetse ,&nbsp;O.P. Abioye ,&nbsp;A.S. Kovo ,&nbsp;U.J.J. Ijah","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was carried out to synthesize bacterial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <em>Macrococcus caseolyticus</em> strain AgD for remediation of crude oil contamination in aquatic environment. Characterization was done to ascertain the size, crystallinity, morphology and elemental composition of the bacterial AgNP, which was used for the removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) in the water samples. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for design and optimization of the TPH response. The results indicated that TPH in some water samples were above permissible limits given by the World Health Organization. The results of 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the isolate is related to <em>Macrococcus caseolyticus.</em> The optical properties of AgNPs showed a peak at 425 nm while the XRD patterns revealed crystallinity with average crystallite size of 25.25204 ± 5.89 nm. The RSM showed a good fit for 2FI regression model for the AgNP as elucidated by the coefficient of determination with R² value of 0.9295. Run 1 (contact time 22.5 mins, stirring speed 1625 rpm, dosage 0.275 g, temperature 55 °C) obtained the highest TPH removal of 94.26 %, which was higher than the predicted (93.15 %) using the bacterial strain. The maximum predicted TPH removal was however 94.02 % at optimum factors of contact time (22.5 mins /100 mL), stirring speed (1620 rpm/100 mL), dosage (0.3206 g) and temperature (67.5 °C). The study showed that the bacterial strain was useful in the synthesis of AgNPs to enhance the efficient removal of contaminants in water samples, and that the model developed (2FI) using RSM technique was useful in predicting optimal TPH removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineered MnO2-Multiwalled carbon Nanotube nanoheterostructures for efficient removal of nanoplastics and plastic-derived contaminant Bisphenol S from contaminated water","authors":"Abhishek Mandal ,&nbsp;Arpan Sarkar ,&nbsp;Sangeetha Thykandi ,&nbsp;Soumadip Guchhait ,&nbsp;Gopala Krishna Darbha","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the potential application of engineered MnO₂-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) nanoheterostructures (NHs) for the simultaneous removal of nanoplastics (NPs) and bisphenol S (BPS) from polluted water, two persistent pollutants from plastic degradation that pose substantial health and ecological risks. The presence of ε-MnO₂ in the nanoheterostructure, confirmed by XRD, HRTEM, and XPS studies, enhances its surface reactivity due to microtwinning defects and mixed oxidation states of Mn. Under optimized conditions, MnO₂-MWCNT NHs achieved complete removal of 10 mg/L NPs and 1 ppm BPS at a dosage of 1.5 g/L within 24 h at 25 °C. The NP removal was facilitated by heteroaggregation with MnO₂-MWCNT NHs, following a pseudo-first-order kinetic model with a rate constant of 1.87 mg/L·min, achieving approximately 90 % removal within the first hour. BPS adsorption was an endothermic process, well-described by the Freundlich, Sips, and Dubinin–Astakhov (D-A) isotherm models, indicating an adsorption capacity exceeding 2 mg/g at 25 °C, primarily controlled by liquid film diffusion. The MnO₂-MWCNT NHs were effective in removing BPS and NPs across varying water chemistry (pH and ionic strength) and natural water matrices, including river, estuary, and seawater. A 2 g/L dose of MnO₂-MWCNT NHs was sufficient for simultaneous NPs and BPS removal, while excellent reusability over multiple cycles demonstrated the potential for long-term water treatment applications of the material. Overall, MnO₂-MWCNT NHs offer a sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective solution for water remediation, with promising implications for global pollution control efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanobiochar: A sustainable solution for environmental remediation","authors":"Vikram Jadhav ,&nbsp;Bajirao Ahire ,&nbsp;Asha Pawar ,&nbsp;Arpita Roy ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Kuldeep Sharma ,&nbsp;Swetha Raj ,&nbsp;Rajan Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NBC, a nanoform of biochar, shows unique potential due to higher reactivity with an increased surface area and surface-active side modifications. This paper presents a complete overview of the subject and identifies its potential role in the eco-friendly elimination of several kinds of environmental contaminants. It is usually prepared by pyrolyzing biomass at the nanoscale; this process can be modified to improve the material’s catalytic and surface properties. The physicochemical properties of NBC, which govern its interaction with pollutants, are analyzed through characterization techniques. Adsorption, absorption, and catalysis are the several modes of NBC that may remove contaminants because of their larger surface area and different functional group applications of NBC in Environmental Cleanup. NBC has been shown to have numerous applications in environmental cleanup, such as air filtration, soil decontamination, and wastewater treatment. Recent studies suggest that NBC extracts heavy metals, organic contaminants, and other hazardous materials, often surpassing traditional biochar and other nanomaterials. Its production process can be designed to minimize environmental impact. NBC should be integrated with other remediation techniques using a synergistic approach in complex ecological systems. Synthesis of nanobiochar focuses on following principles from green chemistry and sustainability in the development stages for a global solution in problem-solving ecological management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel insights into the presence and risks of phthalate esters in the Citarum River, Indonesia: Seasonal variations","authors":"Diana Rahayuning Wulan ,&nbsp;Nurul Fahimah ,&nbsp;Mariska Margaret Pitoi ,&nbsp;Raden Tina Rosmalina ,&nbsp;Muammar Qadafi ,&nbsp;Hanny Meirinawati ,&nbsp;Wulan Ayu Ningsih","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the occurrence and risks of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in the Citarum River across 11 sampling sites during rainy and dry seasons. The average total concentration of PAEs was higher in the rainy season (79.18 ± 50.51 µg/L) than in the dry season (1.67 ± 0.71 µg/L). Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), and bis (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were detected only during the rainy season with concentration ranges of not detected (ND) - 7.284, 7.135 - 55.674, and ND - 20.713 µg/L, respectively. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was present in both seasons, with an increase from ND - 2.758 µg/L (dry season) to 9.681 - 160.245 µg/L (rainy season), contributing to elevated levels of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) (Estradiol Equivalent Concentration (EEQ) &gt; 0.002 µg/L). Ecological risks were low during the dry season but rose to high levels in the rainy season (risk quotient (RQ) &gt; 1), driven by DBP and DEP exposure. Health risk assessments showed non-carcinogenic risks (target hazard quotient (THQ) &lt; 1) for consuming <em>Tilapia</em> sp. and Common carp at most sites, except one upstream location during the rainy season, where toddlers were at risk. DBP was the main contributor to these risks, accounting for 80.85% in <em>Tilapia</em> sp. and 89.05% in Common carp. DEHP-associated cancer risks were absent in the dry season but appeared at one location during the rainy season. The findings highlight the urgent need to address PAEs pollution in the Citarum River through source control, monitoring in water compartments, and establishing regulatory limits for PAEs in wastewater and surface waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially toxic elements and geochemical signatures in sediments and soils from Biritiba-Mirim reservoir, Brazil","authors":"Pedro do Nascimento Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Sandra Regina Damatto ,&nbsp;Thiago Costa Silva ,&nbsp;Lúcio Leonardo ,&nbsp;Lucilena Rebelo Monteiro ,&nbsp;Marcos Antônio Scapin ,&nbsp;Marycel Elena Barboza Cotrim","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated potentially toxic elements (PTEs) – V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, and Co – in sediment cores and surface soils from the Biritiba-Mirim reservoir in Brazil. The study investigated the influence of nearby soil on the sediments in the reservoir, the accumulation of PTEs in the sediment core layers, and enrichment factors from anthropogenic or natural sources. The methodology focused on the geochemical and physico-chemical characteristics of soils and sediment. The results compose a database with regional interest in the environmental quality of a relevant water supply system for Brazil’s most populous city, as well as to international researchers studying the geochemistry of trace elements in dam reservoir environments. The mean PTEs concentrations, in mg/kg, found in soils and sediments, respectively, were V (116 | 214), Cr (32.7 | 52.8), Ni (7.9 | 13.9), Cu (58 | 65), Zn (61 | 57), Pb (69 | 74), As (5.6 | 25.7), Sb (0.39 | 0.90), and Co (1.97 | 3.40). The study hypothesized arsenic enrichment near sediment core transition zones, with positive correlations between As with Sediment Erosion Flux (SEF), indicating the impact of reservoir flooding on the sediment quality. Signatures of chemical correlation were found between reservoir sediments and catchment soils, which presented signs of copper and lead enhanced by anthropogenic release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-nanobubble assisted photocatalytic and antibacterial activity of ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4/rGO nanocomposite","authors":"Sutthida Wongwichian ,&nbsp;Ranjith Rajendran ,&nbsp;Orawan Rojviroon ,&nbsp;Priyadharsan Arumugam ,&nbsp;Sanya Sirivithayapakorn ,&nbsp;Thammasak Rojviroon","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the ongoing challenge of water pollution by synthetic dyes requires advanced approaches. This study examines the improved degradation of Indigo Carmine (IC) dye using a ternary nanocomposite made of ZnFe₂O₄, g-C₃N₄, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), in combination with micro-nanobubble technology. The nanocomposite was synthesized using hydrothermal method, promoting effective interaction between ZnFe₂O₄, g-C₃N₄, and rGO, which enhances photocatalytic performance. The ZnFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄/rGO nanocomposite (ZGR NCs) exhibited a 92 % degradation efficiency of IC dye within 60 min, significantly outperforming ZnFe₂O₄ (49 %), ZG (59 %), ZR (64 %), and ZGR without MNB (72 %). The photocatalytic process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient (R² ∼ 0.9789–0.9968), demonstrating the efficiency of charge separation and transfer facilitated by rGO. ZnFe₂O₄ excels in absorbing visible light, g-C₃N₄ serves as a capable photocatalyst with a suitable bandgap for visible light, and rGO further facilitates electron mobility, minimizing charge recombination. Also, the combination of ZnFe₂O₄, rGO, and g-C₃N₄ generates a synergistic effect that significantly boosts photocatalytic activity. This interaction leads to more effective production of reactive oxygen species, which are essential for degrading pollutants. The nanocomposite also exhibited excellent reusability, retaining 88 % of its initial efficiency after five cycles. Additionally, antibacterial studies revealed strong inhibition zones against <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> (18–22 mm) and <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> (14–20 mm), attributed to ROS-induced bacterial membrane disruption. These findings highlight the multifunctionality of the ZGR nanocomposite-micro-nanobubble (MNBs) system, offering a promising approach for sustainable wastewater treatment and antibacterial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}