Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"High-throughput, low volume d-ROMs and BAP assays: 384-well plate method for large-scale studies.","authors":"Goki Yamada, Sudarma Bogahawaththa, Yuichiro Nishida, Mikako Horita, Kazuhiro Kawamoto, Yasuyuki Maeda, Mikiko Tokiya, Megumi Hara, Tadayuki Tsujita, Akiko Matsumoto","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00354","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The d-ROMs and BAP serum tests are promising markers of oxidative balance in research settings. Conventional assay systems require 30 µL of serum and approximately 10 minutes to analyze a single sample. Although these systems have the advantages of calibration-free operation and the flexibility to perform individual tests at any time, their limited throughput and relatively high cost restrict their use in large-scale studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this issue, we developed a small-scale, semi-automated measurement system incorporating a pipetting robot and a 384-well plate. The system requires only 5.0 µL of serum sample and can process up to 144 samples simultaneously for both d-ROMs and BAP assays (a total of 288 measurements).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on nonlinearity testing, 450 nm was selected as the optimal wavelength. To maintain linearity across various sample types, including turbid serum, d-ROMs required incubation at 4 °C for one week, and BAP required centrifugation to remove precipitates. Intra- and inter-assay, as well as inter-day, coefficients of variation ranged from 1% to 9% for d-ROMs and 2% to 17% for BAP. Inter-operator variations were <9%. Lipemic serum showed abnormally low BAP values using the conventional method but normal values using our method. In non-turbid samples, the current and conventional methods showed high agreement. Deming regression analysis of log₁₀-transformed d-ROMs values yielded a slope of 1.06 (95% confidence interval between 0.99-1.13), and an intercept of -0.12 (-0.28 to 0.04). The same analysis for BAP yielded a slope of 0.97 (0.821-1.13) and an intercept of -0.12 (-0.391 to 0.625). Stability testing indicated that serum should be stored at -80 °C in volumes ≥100 µL for standard 1.5 mL tubes or ≥21 µL for 96-well format tubes. Our method reduced serum requirements by 83%, reagent use by 93% for d-ROMs and 86% for BAP. Although colorimetric measurement is required after one week of incubation, actual labor time was reduced by approximately 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have developed a high-throughput, cost-effective in-house assay system for large-scale studies. This system provides accurate measurements of oxidative stress markers even in turbid samples, facilitating robust evidence-based research on oxidative stress and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of awareness of health checkup results on dropout from the specific health guidance programs on metabolic syndrome in the teacher population.","authors":"Kyoko Nakao, Yoshino Yokoyama, Hiroo Ide, Kazuhiko Kotani, Yuji Furui","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00365","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Japan, specific health guidance is a program based on health checkups to prevent metabolic syndrome. However, dropout from the program is an issue and reduces opportunities to improve cardiovascular risk. Lack of awareness of health checkup results is thought to be associated with dropout, but the association remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of awareness of health checkup results with related attitude on dropout from specific health guidance among teachers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from medical insurance providers primarily serving teachers (n = 7,031; mean age = 51.19 years old) were analysed. Participants were categorized into 3 groups based on awareness of health checkup results and attitude toward adopting healthy lifestyles at the first time of the health guidance: awareness with the attitude (level 1 group), awareness without the attitude (level 2 group), and lack of awareness (level 3 group). Dropout rates from specific health guidance and improvement in health checkup results in the following year were compared across groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dropout rates were 19.88% in the level 1 group, 22.03% in the level 2 group, and 27.77% in the level 3 group (P < 0.001 in a trend test). Compared with the level 1 group (reference), adjusted risk ratios for dropout were 1.139 (95% confidence interval: 1.001-1.295) for the level 2 group and 1.320 (95% confidence interval: 1.132-1.540) for the level 3 group. The degree of improvement in health checkup results decreased progressively from level 1 to level 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among the participants who received the first health guidance, awareness of health checkup results combined with attitude to adopt healthy lifestyles was associated with lower dropout from specific health guidance and greater improvements in cardiovascular risk. Such individuals' awareness and attitudes may help predict individuals at risk of dropout from health guidance in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147304076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynapenic abdominal obesity and elevated risk of multidimensional multimorbidity across physical, psychological, and cognitive domains: evidence from longitudinal cohorts.","authors":"Xiqiang Zhang, Chenglu Jiang, Jiaming Li, Zhaoyi Jing, Yujia Song, Liang Peng, Baoyin Liu, Hua Meng","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00041","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The long-term impact of dynapenic abdominal obesity (D/AO)-the coexistence of muscle weakness and central adiposity-on physical, psychological, and cognitive multidimensional multimorbidity (mMM) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed longitudinal data from 8,311 adults aged ≥45 [China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), n = 4,887; Health and Retirement Study (HRS), n = 3,424] without baseline mMM (i.e., having at most a single-domain impairment), followed biennially for up to 4 years. To account for cross-cultural heterogeneity, analyses were conducted independently per cohort. Three mMM patterns-physical-psychological (PP-MM), physical-cognitive (PC-MM), and physical-psychological-cognitive (PPC-MM)-were constructed using chronic diseases, depressive symptoms, and cognitive tests. Multivariate regression assessed the risk and trajectory of mMM associated with D/AO, and continuous-time Markov multi-state models were utilized to estimate transition probabilities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both the CHARLS and HRS cohorts, D/AO was significantly associated with an increased risk of all three specific mMM patterns compared to the non-dynapenic/non-abdominal obesity group, with the strongest association observed for PPC-MM [OR = 2.475 (1.100-5.002) in CHARLS; OR = 5.712 (2.009-14.882) in HRS]. Longitudinal analysis revealed that D/AO was associated with a higher likelihood of entering \"incident/worsening\" trajectories (RRR = 2.001, P = 0.014 in CHARLS; RRR = 2.507, P = 0.013 in HRS) and an elevated probability of progressing from PC-MM to complex PPC-MM. Notably, age significantly modified these associations, with risk magnitudes markedly higher among individuals aged <65 years (e.g., PP-MM in HRS: OR = 6.98, 95% CI: 1.85-26.31; PC-MM in CHARLS: OR = 4.39, 95% CI: 1.95-9.89). Pooled analyses and multiple sensitivity tests confirmed the robustness of the D/AO \"risk gradient effect\" across diverse populations, without significant cohort interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>D/AO is longitudinally associated with a higher incidence of mMM and less favorable health trajectories, particularly among individuals aged <65 years. These findings suggest that integrating muscle strength and abdominal adiposity assessments into primary care may offer potential value for early risk stratification. While the efficacy of targeted interventions warrants further verification in interventional studies, focusing on the D/AO phenotype provides a proactive perspective for mitigating the multidimensional multimorbidity burden in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148013956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic variation in proportions meeting the waist circumference criterion and having elevated hemoglobin A1c among Specific Health Checkup examinees in Japan: an ecological analysis of the 10th NDB Open Data.","authors":"Hirotaka Nakashima, Takahiro Kamihara, Takuya Omura","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00125","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Publicly available aggregate health data can support regional surveillance of cardiometabolic risk, but analyses must address aggregation, ecological inference, and cell suppression or unavailability. Waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) capture related but distinct aspects of adiposity. We evaluated the usefulness and limitations of selected 10th National Database (NDB) Open Data indicators for prefecture-level cardiometabolic surveillance among Specific Health Checkup examinees in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an ecological descriptive analysis of the 10th NDB Open Data. Data were analyzed by prefecture, sex, and 5-year age band among examinees aged 40-74 years. Primary indicators were the percentage meeting the waist circumference criterion (≥85 cm in men, ≥90 cm in women) and the percentage with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥6.5%; BMI categories were examined as exploratory indicators. Prefecture-level percentages were internally age-standardized within sex using the age distribution of publicly displayed examinee counts pooled across prefectures for each indicator as the internal standard. Cells displayed as \"-\" were treated as suppressed/unavailable and not as zero values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Waist circumference criterion data were complete across prefectures, sexes, and age bands. HbA1c ≥6.5% data were complete among men but included suppressed/unavailable cells among women, and BMI indicators had substantial cell suppression/unavailability. The age-standardized percentage meeting the waist circumference criterion ranged from 45.5% in Niigata to 60.6% in Okinawa among men and from 13.7% in Kyoto to 24.0% in Okinawa among women. HbA1c ≥6.5% ranged from 8.3% in Nagano to 11.3% in Miyagi among men and from 3.9% in Kanagawa to 7.8% in Saga among women. Okinawa had the highest percentage meeting the waist circumference criterion in both sexes. Waist-HbA1c correlations were positive in available-cell analyses, but estimates among women and estimates involving BMI were sensitive to cell availability and the prefectures included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The percentage meeting the waist circumference criterion was the most complete and robust descriptive indicator for prefecture-level cardiometabolic surveillance using the 10th NDB Open Data. HbA1c analyses among women and BMI-based analyses require suppression-aware interpretation. Ecological correlations should be interpreted as descriptive co-patterning of aggregate surveillance indicators, not as individual-level associations or evidence of regional determinants.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13500941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between hypertension prevalence and neighborhood characteristics in Japan using combined claims data and geographic information systems: a neighborhood correlation study from LIFE Study.","authors":"Kan Oishi, Rei Ono, Kojiro Ishii, Futoshi Oda, Megumi Maeda, Takaaki Mori, Tomoki Nakaya, Haruhisa Fukuda","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00095","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is prevalent and is influenced by modifiable factors. Increasing attention has focused on community-based health promotion. However, studies on the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and hypertension prevalence are limited. This study combined medical claims and geographic information system data to identify neighborhood characteristics associated with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population included participants enrolled in the National Health Insurance or Medical Care System for the Elderly in both 2017 and 2021, and their 2021 data were aggregated at the elementary school district level. Hypertension was defined using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-10 codes I10-I15. Neighborhoods were defined by elementary school districts. For each school district, hypertension prevalence, the proportions of participants aged <65 years, 65-74 years, and ≥75 years, and the proportion of men were calculated. Neighborhood characteristics included college graduation rate, area deprivation index, annual average temperature, annual total precipitation, average slope angle, number of destination types, and densities of public places. Quasi-Poisson regression analyses were conducted with the number of hypertension cases as the dependent variable, neighborhood characteristics as explanatory variables, the proportions of participants aged 65-74 years and ≥75 years, and the proportion of men (in the overall analysis) as covariates, and the number of participants as an offset term. For the quasi-Poisson regression analyses, a Bonferroni-adjusted p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study covered 424 elementary school districts across 14 municipalities in five prefectures in western Japan. The mean number of participants per district was 2,248 (men: 946, women: 1,302), with an average age of 67 years (men: 66; women: 68). The mean hypertension prevalence was 51% (men: 53%; women: 50%). In the combined and female-only analyses, the neighborhood proportion of university graduates and green space coverage were significantly negatively associated with hypertension prevalence. In the male-only analysis, the proportion of university graduates, green space coverage, and park density showed significant negative associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neighborhood socioeconomic and physical environmental characteristics were associated with hypertension prevalence in Japan, particularly educational attainment and green space coverage, suggesting that social and physical environmental attributes may contribute to community-level cardiovascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13482160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental caries incidence in infants with abnormal birth weight for gestational age: a longitudinal study in the Japan Environment and Children's Study.","authors":"Masahiro Tsuchiya, Shinobu Tsuchiya, Haruki Momma, Jun Aida, Masahiro Iikubo, Yuichiro Miura, Chiharu Ota","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00133","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.26-00133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early childhood caries (ECC) remains a major global public health concern, influenced by complex socioeconomic and biological factors. Although deviations in fetal growth, including being small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA), have been linked to various long-term health outcomes, evidence regarding their association with ECC remains inconsistent. This study examined the influence of SGA and LGA on the cumulative experience of ECC and severe ECC (S-ECC) using a large-scale nationwide birth cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study utilized data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide investigation of approximately 100,000 mother-child dyads. After applying exclusion criteria, 79,006 children were included in the final analysis. SGA and LGA were defined according to Japanese reference standards. Information on ECC experience was obtained from caregiver-reported questionnaires administered at 4 and 5 years postpartum. Based on established criteria, S-ECC was defined as any caries experience by 3 years of age, and ECC as any experience by 5 years of age. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for longitudinal ECC trajectories. Sensitivity analyses using Poisson regression with multiple imputation were conducted to assess the robustness of findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longitudinal trajectories demonstrated distinct differences in ECC risk across the birth weight spectrum. In fully adjusted GLMMs, children born LGA had significantly higher risks of both S-ECC and ECC than those born appropriate for gestational age (S-ECC: RR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08-1.18; ECC: RR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.10-1.15). In contrast, children born SGA exhibited significantly lower risks (S-ECC: RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.96; ECC: RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97). These associations remained consistent in sensitivity analyses addressing missing data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children born LGA demonstrated a relatively higher prevalence of ECC, consistent with findings from previous studies. Conversely, the lower prevalence observed among children born SGA may reflect greater parental vigilance or enhanced medical monitoring. Birth weight for gestational age may therefore serve as a useful indicator for identifying children who could benefit from targeted oral health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transparency of the environmental cost - benefits of research? The \"ADESC - Academic Environmental SCore\" for publication.","authors":"Alexis Descatha, Dominique Savary, Celine Schnebelen","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00409","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00409","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12876114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of differences in viewing environment and method on physiological responses and perceptual stability while viewing three-dimensional images.","authors":"Yasuyuki Matsuura, Shiyu Hitomi, Sota Hibino, Hiroki Takada","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00418","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stereoscopic (3D) viewing can induce motion sickness and visual discomfort under specific environmental conditions. Light adaptation is not always linear; preceding light exposure influences subsequent physiological responses (hysteresis). However, hysteresis in 3D viewing has rarely been studied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This exploratory study examined whether physiological responses exhibit hysteresis-history-dependent asymmetries between increasing and decreasing illuminance phases-under combinations of low illuminance, color temperature, and viewing mode.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight healthy adults (age 21.75 ± 0.97 yr) were exposed to stereoscopic video under eight conditions (2 color temperatures × 2 illuminance-change directions × 2 viewing modes). Illuminance was varied in stepwise fashion (10-260 lx). Electroencephalogram (EEG; Fp1/Fp2), electrocardiogram (ECG), and Stabilometry were recorded. Repeated-measures ANOVAs with Benjamini-Hochberg FDR correction and paired Hedges' g effect sizes were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Large hysteresis effects were observed for postural sway (Hedges' g = 0.66-1.01) and moderate effects for theta-band EEG (|g| ≈ 0.5-0.65), particularly in peripheral vision under low illuminance. Stabilometry was significantly greater at 10 lx compared to higher illuminances (p < 0.05). The interaction between illuminance and illuminance-change direction was significant for total locus length per unit area (L/A) in peripheral vision under daylight color.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postural control, but not autonomic function, exhibited strong history dependence in response to illuminance changes during 3D viewing. Findings suggest minimum illuminance guidelines (∼80-100 lx) and consideration of illuminance-ramp rates for VR safety and 3D content design.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between parental recognition and engagement in child maltreatment: an Internet-based cross-sectional study in Japan.","authors":"Miho Sodeno, Sumiyo Okawa, Mariko Hosozawa, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00388","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.24-00388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Child maltreatment, traditionally considered a maternal issue in Japan, increasingly involves fathers. Despite the rise in paternal participation, the recognition of and engagement in child maltreatment remains poorly investigated in Japan. We explored the association between parental recognition and engagement in maltreatment, stratified by parental sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An Internet survey was conducted in Japan from July to August 2021, involving 8,819 parents (1,671 fathers, and 7,148 mothers) with children under 24 months of age. A self-report questionnaire assessed recognition of and engagement in maltreatment behaviors, including physical and psychological maltreatment and neglect. Poisson regression analysis estimated prevalence ratios of engagement in maltreatment behaviors by recognition status, stratified by parental sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Harsh behaviors widely recognized as maltreatment (unrecognition was less than 15% for both sexes) included beating the child (fathers: 13.5%, mothers: 6.9%), repeatedly insulting the child (fathers: 13.3%, mothers: 7.7%), and not feeding the child (fathers: 13.1%, mothers: 6.3%). Engagement in any form of maltreatment was reported by 14.2% of fathers and 9.6% of mothers in this sample. The overall prevalence of physical maltreatment was 10.5% among fathers and 5.7% among mothers. Similarly, fathers reported 6.1% overall neglect and mothers reported 1.9%. The prevalence of psychological maltreatment was 4.4% among fathers and 3.5% among mothers. For both sexes, lack of recognition of maltreatment was associated with a higher prevalence of engagement in such behaviors (fathers: adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-2.99; mothers: aPR 1.88, 95% CI 1.53-2.33). This association was consistent across all subtypes, with the strongest for neglect (physical maltreatment [fathers: aPR 2.49, 95% CI 1.63-3.79; mothers: aPR 2.06, 95% CI 1.59-2.66], psychological maltreatment [fathers: aPR 2.22, 95% CI 1.30-3.78; mothers: aPR 1.43, 95% CI 1.09-1.88], and neglect [fathers: aPR 4.28, 95% CI 2.71-6.78; mothers: aPR 4.75, 95% CI 3.23-6.99]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lack of recognition was associated with greater engagement in maltreatment, particularly neglect, for both parents, based on these findings. Findings underscore the need for parenting education and support targeting both parents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to particulate matters and risk of diabetes-related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Weifang Yang, Jing Li","doi":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00424","DOIUrl":"10.1265/ehpm.25-00424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiological evidence increasingly implicates ambient particulate matter (PM) as a contributor to diabetes progression and premature mortality; however, the strength and consistency of these associations remain uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified the relationship between exposure to major PM fractions-particularly PM_2.5 and PM₁₀-and the risk of diabetes-related mortality in adult populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines, five databases were searched through September 30, 2025. Eligible observational studies assessed long- or short-term exposure to ambient PM and reported quantitative estimates for diabetes-associated deaths. Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models and expressed as relative risk (RR) per 10 µg/m³ increment in PM concentration. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses explored sources of heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six studies (41 datasets) were included. Pooled analysis showed a significant positive association between PM_2.5 exposure and diabetes-related mortality (RR = 1.123; 95%CI: 1.099-1.147; I² = 95.3%). The effect was stronger for long-term exposure (RR = 1.296; 95%CI: 1.197-1.395) and prospective cohorts (RR = 1.327; 95%CI: 1.189-1.466). PM₁₀ was also associated with increased risk, though with smaller magnitude (RR = 1.021; 95%CI: 1.007-1.035; I² = 81.7%). Meta-regression confirmed exposure duration as a significant modifier (p = 0.014).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both fine (PM_2.5) and coarse (PM₁₀) particulate matter are significantly associated with increased diabetes-related mortality, with the strongest and most consistent effects observed for chronic PM_2.5 exposure. These findings highlight the metabolic health burden of air pollution and underscore the importance of stringent air-quality standards to reduce premature diabetes deaths globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":11707,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}