{"title":"Evaluation of environmentally hazardous waste tires and waste engine oils in a diesel engine: An extensive ANN modeling and experimental investigation","authors":"Abdulkerim Yıldız, Selman Aydın","doi":"10.1002/ep.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study is to recycle waste plastics and waste mineral oils, which threaten the environment and human health, into energy. Diesel-like fuel was produced from waste minerals and tire oils by pyrolytic distillation. Among these produced fuels, the sulfur rate in DL-MF (Diesel-like mineral fuel) is within the limits of DF, and in DL-TF (Diesel-like tire fuel), due to the high sulfur rate, the sulfur removal process is carried out by applying 10% perlite, 10% CaO, and 10% zeolite catalysts. Then, these two fuels were modeled with ANN based on the experimental results obtained from running an IC engine with a blend of DF in different proportions at a constant rpm and different loads. The performance, combustion, and emission values were examined, and in the combustion parameter, calculations with model application for MGT, CHR, NHRR, RPR, and CP for each ANN prediction could be made. In ANN modeling, the network was trained with 10 neurons using feed-forward experimental data. The best <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> estimation of CGP followed values: 0.99998 with DLTF30-5 bar Bmep and 0.99989 with DLMF30-2.5 bar Bmep. It has been found that the parameters in the experimental data match well with the robust values predicted by the ANN determined in the network test data.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148079838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safiyyah N. Wahid, Rean Maharaj, Donnie Boodlal, Jeffrey V. Smith
{"title":"Design of a packed bed adsorber using activated carbon produced from waste coconut shells in Trinidad and Tobago","authors":"Safiyyah N. Wahid, Rean Maharaj, Donnie Boodlal, Jeffrey V. Smith","doi":"10.1002/ep.70201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70201","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Activated carbon (AC) produced from waste coconut shells in Trinidad and Tobago (TT) for utilization in a packed bed adsorber was investigated as a sustainable method for the decontamination of produced water and minimization of waste from the coconut industry. The design of the packed bed adsorber requires technical data on the phenol-AC interaction. By utilizing information on the breakthrough performance of the laboratory-scale fixed bed column derived from appropriate kinetic models, applicable scale-up design protocols were then employed. It was found that the column breakthrough time increased with increasing AC bed height and increasing phenol concentration, but decreased with increasing flowrate. The bed adsorption capacity increased with bed height, achieving a maximum of 0.316 mg/g at 50% breakthrough, which occurred at 19.25 min. For the scale-up, an adsorber of diameter 0.5 m and AC bed height of 1.7 m would be required to treat 1000 US gal/day of 2 mg/L phenol-contaminated water. This bed height is equivalent to 219.44 kg of AC, which is produced from 1065 kg of coconut shells. This study showed that a sustainable waste management system to alleviate disposal challenges associated with produced water and the coconut industry could be implemented using the packed bed adsorber technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148084516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingwei Feng, Yuanlong Zhou, Haiquan Bi, Shengxian Ou, Gongliang Liu, Li Li, Bo Lei
{"title":"A prediction model for concentration of gaseous pollutants in deeply buried water pipelines under longitudinal ventilation","authors":"Lingwei Feng, Yuanlong Zhou, Haiquan Bi, Shengxian Ou, Gongliang Liu, Li Li, Bo Lei","doi":"10.1002/ep.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the diffusion mechanism of gaseous pollutants within the water pipeline under longitudinal ventilation by analyzing the effects of ventilation velocity, release rate, and distance to the air inlet vent. According to previous studies, NH<sub>3</sub> was chosen as the gaseous pollutant, and a series of numerical simulations were conducted. The results demonstrate that the airflow within the water pipeline is piston flow, the direction of which is determined by ventilation mode. Affected by the Coanda effect, the ununiform velocity leads to an uneven distribution of NH<sub>3</sub> on the water pipeline cross-sections. The mean cross-sectional values are chosen for further analysis. The concentration of NH<sub>3</sub> in the water pipeline is proportional to the release rate of NH<sub>3</sub> and distance to the air inlet vent, respectively. When the release rate is fixed, increasing the ventilation velocity can effectively remove the pollutant, and the concentration of NH<sub>3</sub> is proportional to the −1 power of the ventilation velocity. Finally, a prediction model of the mean cross-sectional concentration of NH<sub>3</sub> is obtained by combining it with theoretical analysis. Therefore, this study can not only optimize the operation of the ventilation system in this Inter-basin Water Transfer (IBWT) project but also guide the design of the ventilation system in other IBWT projects with deep buried long-distance water pipelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148071586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced technologies for upgrading refinery residues to convert chemicals","authors":"Ali Afshar Ebrahimi, Samaneh Bandehali","doi":"10.1002/ep.70237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The oil refining transformation to chemicals is clear in the trend of the oil industry for reduction of carbon emissions. One of the new technologies is the direct crude oil conversion to chemicals as known as the COTC process. Also, the promotion of residue and fuel oil for environmental challenges and on the other hand increasing the maximum chemicals production from crude oil are among the discussions that are expressed in the oil industry. In this research, new processes for direct conversion of fuel oil to chemicals and available routes for crude oil to chemicals were discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148061732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact on spark ignition engine performance, combustion, and emissions for ethanol and petrol (gasoline) blends","authors":"Ashok Kumar T, Mohamed Musthafa M","doi":"10.1002/ep.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Presently, India's petrol consumption is third in the world; hence, development toward finding alternative fuels to petrol is essential to reduce foreign dependency and global warming and to grow self-sustainability. Ethanol can be produced from a wide range of feedstocks, which are classified into three generations based on their source, composition, and sustainability. Emerging feedstock's waste fruits and vegetables (e.g., overripe bananas, spoiled potatoes) can also be used. This study focuses on producing ethanol from overripe banana fruits by direct sugar fermentation and distillation since Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh contribute 30% of India's banana production. Hence, the selection of bananas is an economical and practical feedstock. This study also evaluates the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder, four-stroke, and Open Engine Control Unit (ECU) SI engine using prepared ethanol and petrol blends, ranging from E5 to E10. The results show that the performance and combustion characteristics of engines fuelled by E10 blend fuel were closer to petrol operation and a drastic reduction in emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148073949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of exhaust gas recirculation on the performance, emission, and combustion features of a diesel engine using diesel, n-butanol, and waste cooking vegetable oil blends","authors":"Bichitra Nanda Behera, Tapano Kumar Hotta","doi":"10.1002/ep.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study highlights the impact of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine using blends of diesel, <i>n</i>-butanol, and waste-cooking vegetable oil (WCVO). The experiments are performed in a single-cylinder, 4-stroke water-cooled diesel engine under variable engine loads (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 N) with a constant speed of 1500 rpm (compression ratio of 18:1). Three WCVOs (Ground nut, Palm, and Sunflower) in volumes of 20% each along with <i>n</i>-butanol at 10% and diesel at 70% are considered for the analysis. The diesel engine adjusts the EGR at 15% and 25%. For these cases, performance features such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake-specific fuel consumption, brake-specific energy consumption, and exhaust gas temperature are evaluated. The BTE was observed to decrease with the WCVO blends due to their higher oxygen content and lower calorific value. The BTE value is also increased for the Palm WCVO at the 15% EGR with the increase in engine load. The emission parameters like nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and smoke opacity are also tracked, and it was found that the NOx and particulate matter inside the engine cylinder are reduced using the EGR. For all loads, the Sunflower (20%) with 15% EGR reduces the NOx by 5%–10% compared to diesel. The combustion parameters, like cylinder pressure and heat release rate, are also analyzed for all fuel blends.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148083674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catalytic enhancement of engine performance and sustainability using metallic nanoparticles with third-generation silkworm biodiesel","authors":"Gopinath Dhamodaran, Arulkumar Elumalai, Sathyanarayanan Seetharaman, Deepak Kumar Murugan","doi":"10.1002/ep.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the role of metallic nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) in enhancing the performance and sustainability of third-generation silkworm biodiesel in a single-cylinder CI engine. Structural analysis confirmed high crystallinity of TiO<sub>2</sub> by 16.26 nm and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> by 15.65 nm. Test blends were prepared by enriching a baseline 20% silkworm biodiesel-diesel blend (S20) with TiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles at 50 and 100 ppm (S20T50, S20T100, S20A50 and S20A100). Among the tested fuels, the S20T100 blend showed better performance than neat diesel and other test fuels. Combustion analysis indicated that S20T100 reached a peak in-cylinder pressure of 67 bar and heat release rate of 49 J/CAD, corresponding to increases of 31% and 16% over diesel. In terms of emissions, S20T100 reduced UBHC from 78 ppm to 68 ppm, lowered CO from 0.597% to 0.43%, representing a 28% reduction and decreased smoke opacity by 3.5% compared to diesel. Nitrogen oxide emissions for S20T100 were 1020 ppm, slightly lower than diesel at 1087 ppm and remained lower than those of the base S20 biodiesel blend. These results indicate that the S20T100 blend of silkworm biodiesel enriched with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles improves fuel efficiency and reduces pollutant emissions, offering a sustainable and cleaner alternative to conventional diesel without any engine modifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kezhou Yan, Yangxu Guo, Kaizhi Yang, Mingmin Bao, Kun Jin, Dan Li, Yanxia Guo
{"title":"Comparative study on pollution characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coking solid wastes","authors":"Kezhou Yan, Yangxu Guo, Kaizhi Yang, Mingmin Bao, Kun Jin, Dan Li, Yanxia Guo","doi":"10.1002/ep.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coking, an important method of coal utilization, inevitably produces various solid wastes, including coke powder (CP), tar residue (TR), oil-washing sludge (OS), and coking sludge (CS). Although previous studies have focused on the pollutant characteristics of individual wastes such as CP and TR, systematic comparisons of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) across different types of waste remain insufficiently explored. This study systematically investigates the pollution characteristics of heavy metals and PAHs in these coking solid wastes. The results indicate that the different kinds of coking solid wastes have irregular shapes with small amounts of micropores on the particle surfaces. The different kinds of coking solid wastes contain varying amounts of heavy metals, including As, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Cd; and the ecological risk of heavy metals is TR > CS > CP > OS. In contrast, the pollution characteristic of PAHs in coking solid wastes is more serious than that of heavy metals; 16 kinds of PAHs with controlled priority of US Environmental Protection Agency are detected in the different kinds of coking solid wastes, especially about 2–3 ring compounds; the ecotoxicity and carcinogenicity of coking solid wastes correspond to the levels of ∑PAHs in coking solid wastes. This study aims to provide a scientific foundation for the resource utilization and safe disposal of coking solid waste in the coking industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A review of ultra-low emission technologies for PM2.5 and PM1 in coal-fired flue gas","authors":"Yelidana Hayireti, Xiaojian Wang, Haidong Kou, Jialu Chen, Wenbo Gu","doi":"10.1002/ep.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fine (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and ultrafine (PM<sub>1</sub>) particles in coal-fired boiler flue gas pose serious threats to health and the environment, making their efficient removal a research focus. This review provides a systematic overview of dust removal technologies targeting PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub>. It covers traditional dry dust removal methods, including electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), baghouse filters, and cyclone separators, as well as new ESP-based integrated technologies, such as wet electrostatic precipitators (WESPs), ESP-baghouse hybrids (EFF), and low-low-temperature ESPs (LLT-ESP). The review separately compares the differences in efficiency and economic feasibility among various traditional technologies and among various novel integrated technologies, and highlights key strategies for improving removal efficiency, such as particle agglomeration, structural optimization, and material enhancement. Analysis shows that integrated technologies can achieve ultra-low emissions (<5 mg·m<sup>−3</sup>), but their complex structures and high investment and maintenance costs limit large-scale application. Developing technologies that balance high efficiency, and low cost remains a key challenge. In addition, this review highlights the methods and challenges of ultrafine particle resource utilization. These topics have been rarely addressed in previous reviews. More importantly, this study emphasizes the key role of intelligent control in achieving high efficiency, low cost, and ultra-low emissions in coal-fired power plants. It underlines the value of intelligent control for next-generation purification systems. The review also provides theoretical guidance for future technology development and engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148098636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Issue Information - Cover and Table of Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ep.70516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.70516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11701,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ep.70516","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148098475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}