Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture最新文献

{"title":"Elektrotehnikas speciālista Nikolaja Ozmidova (1850–1938) dzīvesdarbība un devums inženierzinātnēs","authors":"Svetlana Kovaļčuka","doi":"10.7250/iav.2022.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.005","url":null,"abstract":"The research covers the multi-faceted activities of Nikolai Ozmidoff (Николай Озмидов; 1850–1938), a specialist in electrical engineering, member of academic staff (1884–1918) of Riga Polytechnicum (RP) / Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), professor (1906), in various positions – working on the railway in Switzerland and Germany, in geodesy, surveying, electrical engineering in Riga, as well as his pedagogical and scientific activities at RP / RPI and Ivanovo-Voznesensk Polytechnic Institute in Russia. Developing the article, the author used archival documents, scientific literature, and publications in the press.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115143872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tradicionālo kokapstrādes rokas instrumentu lietojuma piemērs produktu dizaina studijās Rīgas Tehniskās universitātes Materiālzinātnes un lietišķās ķīmijas fakultātes Dizaina tehnoloģiju institūtā","authors":"Ilze Gūtmane, Silvija Kukle, Jānis Kalniņš, Inga Zotova, Artūrs Ķīsis","doi":"10.7250/iav.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Initially, hand tools were created to facilitate the processing of materials in manufacturing utility items. Tool design, technology, and ergonomics evolved along with the growing human ability to process new materials. The tool range has expanded to meet more diverse needs of the woodworking industry, adapting the tools for both universal use and specific functions. Understanding of the functionalities of woodworking hand tools is essential for observing the sequence of material processing and practical processing operations, as well as in building awareness of the properties of the wood material. This is ensured by the interaction between the operator, the tool, and the workpiece. An important aspect in raising awareness is the relatively low processing speed and the processing of the material with human-controlled movements. Treatment of wood with craft methods and tools reveals the characteristic properties of the material, including specifics of wood grain direction, the difference in the density of earlywood and latewood, and the difference in the longitudinal and transverse grain direction. It also allows understanding the most typical wood defects. To make the process of learning a wood material meaningful in the study process, it is integrated with product manufacturing, making students create a wooden puzzle. This process implies running a sequential crafting process from a solid pine board to a finished and functional product – a puzzle. Students have to make it following a uniform design drawing showing the proportions of the pieces and joints.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114236957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rīgas Politehniskā institūta absolventa, inženiera un orientierista Rodrigo Slaviņa dzīvesdarbība un ieguldījums orientēšanās sportā","authors":"Ērika Lanka, Arno Līcis","doi":"10.7250/iav.2022.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.006","url":null,"abstract":"The authors of the article have gathered information on the achievements and characterized the work of a former student of Riga Polytechnic Institute – Rodrigo Slaviņš. In response to the forthcoming 85th anniversary of the famous Latvian persona – Rodrigo Slaviņš – an engineer, an athlete ( the Master of Sports of the USSR in orienteering), one of the coordinators and organizers of the Latvian sports life, one of the founders of the mass sports event «Magnēts» (which has been organised already for 50 years), as well as a grandfather and husband, the authors of the article aim to contribute to and celebrate the history of Riga Technical University.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126883889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Starpdisciplinārās akadēmiskās jomas digitālās humanitārās zinātnes aizsākumi Latvijā","authors":"Sanita Reinsone, Marina Platonova, Tatjana Smirnova, Zane Seņko","doi":"10.7250/iav.2022.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.008","url":null,"abstract":"A mainstream tendency for multimediality of information and exponential growth of data have promoted major changes in the academic paradigm, supporting the transition towards interdisciplinary research-based studies, which has affected the development of the emerging field of Digital Humanities (DH). The paper aims at providing insights into the different activities implemented by the DH community in Latvia, which have contributed to the advancement of the field and stimulated the inclusion of digital research-related courses in the Latvian higher education curricula, reflecting on the establishment and implementation of the Master study programme in Digital Humanities at RTU considering it in its wider Latvian, pan-European, and global context.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129419763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daži agrāk aktuāli akadēmiskās dzīves aspekti: Venia Legendi un privātdocenta statuss Latvijas Universitātē (1919–1944)","authors":"Māris Baltiņš","doi":"10.7250/iav.2022.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.002","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the research on venia legendi (the right to de­liver lectures at the university) and the status of private docent at the University of Latvia (UL) until 1944. The term «private docent» was used worldwide in the 18th century; it is still in use in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In Latvia, it was introduced in the 1860s at the first higher education institution established in the current territory of Latvia – Riga Polytechnicum. The terms «private docent» and «venia legendi» were used in Latvia until the end of World War II. In the present study, the author explains how these terms were used at the UL during the interwar period and during World War II considering the empirical data obtained in the course of research of archival documents and library collections. The article provides an overview of the private docents working at the UL from 1919 to 1944 and their activities in this period.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134396003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rīgas Politehniskā institūta absolventa (1908) Pētera Sauleskalna (1876–1975) pedagoģiskā un politiskā darbība","authors":"Indulis Zvirgzdiņš","doi":"10.7250/iav.2022.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.004","url":null,"abstract":"In the study dedicated to Pēteris Sauleskalns (1876–1975), a graduate of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), an agronomist, pedagogue, and teacher, the author used archival and library materials describing the family of Sauleskalns and the childhood of his son Pēteris, his study and work life, and pedagogical activities at Priekuļi (1912–19) and Latgale (1921–1936) / Malnava (1936–1940) Agricultural Secondary Schools, evaluating his contribution to the establishment and management of the Malnava Agricultural Secondary School. The teacher with a long-term experience, P. Sauleskalns also participated in political life – he represented the Latvian Farmers’ Union at the Latvian Constitutional Assembly (1920–1922). For his successful work in the area of agricultural education, he was twice awarded the highest Latvian state award – the Order of the Three Stars. After World War II, he lived in exile in the United States.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124130764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eižens Habermanis (1884–1944) un Herberts Johansons (1884–1964) – no studijām Rīgas Politehniskajā institūtā līdz Igaunijas arhitektūras virsotnēm","authors":"Karin Hallas-Murula","doi":"10.7250/iav.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":"Graduates from Riga Polytechnic Institute Eugen Habermann (1884–1944) and Herbert Johanson (1884–1964) became the most active architects in Estonia of the 1920s and 1930s. E. Habermann was the city planning architect of Tallinn (1914–1923), the same time he headed the Construction Board of the Ministry of the Interior (1919–1923). H. Johanson lead the Tallinn city architect’s project bureau (1924–1944). From 1935, he also run the Tallinn municipal architecture office. Both architects were the founders of the Estonian Association of Archi­tects (1921) and its chairmen, E. Habermann from 1921 to 1936, H. Johanson in the 1930s. The extensive list of E. Habermann’s and H. Johanson’s works consists around 200 projects, covering nearly all typologies of buildings. The article, using quo­tes from their fellows’ memories, characterises E. Habermann and H. Johanson as persons, and brings out the main features and stylistic development of their architecture.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124180626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rīgas Politehniskā institūta absolventa igauņu arhitekta Karla Tarvasa (1885–1975) ieguldījums Igaunijas arhitektūrā starpkaru laikā","authors":"Sandra Mälk","doi":"10.7250/iav.2021.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2021.004","url":null,"abstract":"Rīgas Politehnikums (RP) / Rīgas Politehniskais institūts (RPI) 19. gadsimtā un 20. gadsimta sākumā bija vienīgā augstākās izglītības iestāde tagadējo Baltijas valstu teritorijā, kur bija iespējams iegūt augstāko tehnisko izglītību. Tajā studēja arī pazīstami igauņu arhitekti, inženieri un rūpnieki. Viņu vidū – pazīstamais igauņu arhitekts Karls Tarvass (Karl Tarvas; 1885–1975), kurš studēja RPI no 1906. līdz 1915. gadam. Viņa radošais mantojums būtiski ietekmēja un veidoja Tallinas un tās priekšpilsētu arhitektūru 1920.–1940. gadā. Starpkaru laikā Igaunijas Republikā K. Tarvass apzināti izvēlējās uzlabot mazāk turīgo iedzīvotāju dzīves apstākļus, projektējot tipveida koka ēkas, ko mūsdienās pazīstam ar nosaukumu Tallinas māja (igauņu val. – Tallina maja). Pētījuma rezultātā sniegts ieskats K. Tarvasa studiju gados un izvērtēta viņa profesionālā darbība. K. Tarvass bija viens no Rīgas Igauņu studentu biedrības (igauņu val. – Riia Eesti Üliõpilaste Selts ( REÜS); dib. 1909) dibinātājiem, kas apvienoja RPI igauņu studentus, kuri 1921. gadā piedalījās Igaunijas Arhitektu asociācijas izveidē (igauņu val. – Eesti Arhitektide Ühing). Arī viņa trīs dēli Pauls, Pēteris un Pertels izvēlējās arhitekta profesiju, pazīstamākais no dēliem ir Pēteris Tarvass (Peeter Tarvas; 1916–1987). \u0000\u0000Riga Polytechnicum (RP) / Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI) was the only higher education institution in the territory of the present Baltic States where it was possible to obtain higher technical education in the 19th century and early 20th century. Well-known Estonian architects, engineers and industrialists also studied there. Karl Tarvas (1885–1975), a famous Estonian architect, studied at RPI from 1906 to 1915. His creative heritage significantly influenced and shaped the architecture of Tallinn and its suburbs in the 1920s and 1940s. During the Interwar period in the Republic of Estonia, K. Tarvas deliberately chose to i mprove the living conditions of the less affluent population by designing standard wooden buildings, which we now know as the Tallinn House (Estonian: Tallinna maja). This research provides an insight into the study years of K. Tarvas and critically evaluates his professional activity. K. Tarvas w as one of the founders of Riga Estonian Students’ Society (Estonian: Riia Eesti Üliõpilaste Selts; REÜS) established in 1909, which united Estonian students at RPI. He also was among the creators of the Estonian Association of Architects (Estonian: Eesti Arhitektide Ühing) in 1921. His three sons Paul, Peeter and Pärtel also chose the profession of an architect, Peeter Tarvas (1916–1987) was the most prominent of the three.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122069622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valerijs Bitenieks – no Rīgas Politehniskā institūta studenta līdz būvuzņēmējam neatkarīgajā Latvijā","authors":"Ērika Lanka","doi":"10.7250/iav.2021.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2021.007","url":null,"abstract":"Pētījums par Rīgas Politehniskā institūta (RPI) Arhitektūras un celtniecības fakultātes absolventu (1986) Valeriju Bitenieku atklāj padomju studentu ikdienu 20. gadsimta 80. gados, jaunā inženiera darbību, izmēģinot dažādas iespējas darba tirgū un inženiera izaugsmi par veiksmīgu būvuzņēmēju neatkarīgajā Latvijā 21. gadsimtā. Tajā izsekots V. Bitenieka dzīvei no bērnības līdz mūsdienām, pievēršot uzmanību viņa profesionālajai darbībai. Veicot pētī¬jumu, gūts ieskats par studentu prakses un ārpusstudiju aktivitātēm padomju laikā, iegūti nepublicēti un plašākai sabiedrībai nezināmi fotomateriāli. \u0000\u0000A paper on Valerijs Bitenieks, a graduate (1986) of the Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), reflects on the daily life of the Soviet students in the 1980s, the work of a young engineer while he was trying various opportunities in the labour market and the engineer’s growth as a successful contractor in the independent Latvia in the 21st century. It traces the life of V. Bitenieks from his childhood to the present day, paying attention to his professional activities. The research provides an insight into students’ internships and extracurricular activities during the Soviet era. Unpublished photographic material unknown to the general public has been obtained.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132302860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rīgas Politehniskā institūta absolventa Jāņa Stiprā (1870–1946) daudzpusīgā pedagoģiskā un sabiedriskā darbība","authors":"Alīda Zigmunde, Elita Stikute","doi":"10.7250/iav.2021.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/iav.2021.005","url":null,"abstract":"Pētījumā atklāta pedagoga, tautsaimnieka un žurnālista Jāņa Stiprā 1870–1946) mērķtiecība, lai iegūtu izglītību, un viņa daudzpusīgā peda¬goģiskā darbība Tomskā (Krievijā), Tukumā, Valkā un Rīgā, ieguldījums žurnā¬listikā, folklorā, sabiedriskajā darbā. J. Stiprais ar Rīgas Politehniskajā institūtā (RPI) iegūtajām zināšanām ekonomikā dalījās ar studentiem Latvijas Universi¬tātē (LU), Latvijas Tautas universitātē un Viļa Olava komerckolā, 20. gadsimta pirmajā pusē bija mācību iestāžu direktors Tukumā, Valkā un Rīgā, darbojās lat¬viešu studentu korporācijā «Selonija», bija viens no 1944. gada 17. marta Latvi¬jas Centrālās Padomes Memoranda parakstītājiem. J. Stiprā nopelni Latvijas labā novērtēti ar Latvijas Republikas augstāko apbalvojumu – Triju Zvaigžņu ordeni. \u0000\u0000The research discusses continuous effort of a pedagogue, economist and journalist Jānis Stiprais (1870–1946) in his pursuit to obtain education and his versatile pedagogical activities in Tomsk (Russia), Tukums, Valka and Riga, as well as the contribution he made in such areas as journalism, folklore and social work. J. Stiprais shared his knowledge of economics gained at Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI) with the students at the University of Latvia (UL), Latvia People’s University and Vilis Olavs Commercial School; in the first half of the 20th century he was the principal of educational institutions in Tukums, Valka and Riga, he also was one of the signatories of the Memorandum of the Central Council of Latvia on 17 March 1944. In the recognition of J. Stiprais merit for Latvia, he was honoured with the highest award of the Republic of Latvia – the Order of the Three Stars.","PeriodicalId":116827,"journal":{"name":"Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture","volume":"540 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124533412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}