Engineering Failure Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Establishment of theoretical model and dynamic analysis of gear meshing force for the multi-gear driving system considering the effect of friction","authors":"He Bu,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Jingbo Guo,&nbsp;Zhuyu Gao,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coupling effect occurs in the force transmission between the pinions and the large gear ring in the multi-gear driving system. This interaction can easily lead to impacts and vibrations, resulting in wear and failure of the gear teeth, thereby threatening the operational safety of the entire gear system. In this paper, a theoretical model of meshing force of a multi-gear driving system considering friction is established based on the centralized parameter method, and a method to analyze the wear failure of gear teeth is proposed. Taking the shield machine main bearing multi-gear driving system as an example, the theoretical calculation of the time-varying meshing stiffness of the internal gears is carried out first. The theoretical value of the meshing force is calculated, and the relative error between it and the simulation value is calculated to be 2.95% by combining with the transient dynamics analysis. While the comparison verifies the correctness of the theoretical model of the proposed meshing force, the control threshold of the dynamic meshing force of the large gear ring is finally obtained as <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>39</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> N. The study shows that multiple drive units can lead to the coupling effect of the force on the large gear ring, and its service time is the key to determining the span of the system. An increase in the friction factor of the tooth surface will lead to shock and vibration in gear meshing, which will increase the wear of the gear teeth. Ensuring that the value of the meshing force is within the control threshold can make the drive system more stable. The method proposed in this study will guide the design, manufacture, and installation of multi-gear driving systems. It provides novel research insights and theoretical support for effectively preventing gear wear failure and has important engineering significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture mechanism analysis and life-prolonging investigation of butt weld for ladle crane","authors":"Yuhui Guo,&nbsp;Gang Rao,&nbsp;Zhang Dang,&nbsp;Ruyi Zhang,&nbsp;Huixin Luo,&nbsp;Rui Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The butt weld between the T-shaped steel and the main web of ladle crane is a crucial weld to bear the lifting load. Since it is mainly considered to be subjected to compressive stress, this weld is generally not regarded as the key area of fatigue assessment. An obvious crack was found in the butt weld of an in-service ladle crane during a routine inspection. In this paper, the cracking mechanism and life-prolonging scheme were studied by means of field tests and numerical analysis. Firstly, the stress history signal according to the cracked area were acquired with several working cycles. It was concluded that the unconventionally imagined tensile and compressive stress are generated during the running process of the crane, which further led to several high-level stress cycles in a typical working cycle. A Finite Element Model (FEM) of the bridge containing a fine solid mesh of the studied weld was established by using sub-model technology. Combined with the rain flow counting results of the measured stresses and the Equivalent Structural Stress (ESS) solving technique based on the FEM, the ESS spectrum of the cracked area was proposed. The fatigue life of the cracked local area is analyzed based on the stress spectrum and the failure mechanism of the butt weld is revealed. A life-prolonging scheme for the cracked local structure was proposed and the fatigue life of the butt-weld area after reinforcement is predicted by using the ESS spectrum, which verifies the effectiveness of reinforcement. Up to now, the ladle crane has been operating normally for nearly 4 years, no new cracks have appeared in the originally cracked are, providing the effectiveness of the life-prolonging scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109389"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure analysis and numerical modeling of a fractured chain element from a drawing machine in a metallurgical production plant","authors":"Ioannis Pressas,&nbsp;George Pantazopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Track-type chains are some of the most important production and transportation systems, commonly used in the industry. In the current research, the failure of a fractured chain element was investigated. The fractured material was evaluated via chemical analysis, optical metallography and hardness testing. In order to determine the failure mechanism, the fracture surface was evaluated using macro- and microfractography. The failure mode exhibited typical characteristics, of a microscopically brittle fracture, principally consistent to the occurrence of fatigue cracking followed by overload fracture. Fracture initiated from stress concentration areas and propagated all over the adjacent areas. Moreover, the microscopic fracture morphologies signify an almost uniform microcracking progressed under low-cycle fatigue conditions. The coarse carbide microstructure is suggestive for low fracture resistance, while it promotes a (quasi-)brittle transgranular fracture mode reducing the overall component fracture toughness. Finally, a fatigue simulation of the same chain element was conducted via finite element analysis, under a zero-based, constant amplitude load strain life analysis. For the loading conditions, the loads commonly affecting the chain element during service were applied. The simulation was based on Morrow’s law with 10⁹ cycles infinite lifetime threshold. From the results of the simulation, the stress and damage accumulation points on the chain element were identified and compared to the corresponding experimental findings. The available lifetime of the component was also estimated from the simulation. In the present paper an original industrial case study is presented. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there was no similar study found in the relevant literature. The significance of the study is considered as quite high, since it is connected to the interruption of the production machine which costs a lot in terms of repair/replacement expenses and most important in production delays and, finally, in compromise of customer service quality and satisfaction. So, the strategy and technical content of the present investigation could stand as a valuable guide and paradigm for similar industrial failure cases, aiming to adopt and pursue a quality and excellence manufacturing model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109406"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of damage interaction due to uniaxial creep and subsequent LCF pure torsional loading","authors":"Adam Tomczyk ,&nbsp;Andrzej Seweryn","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents experimental results of creep-rupture, preliminary creep and low-cycle torsional fatigue of 2024 aluminum alloy. It analyzes the effect of pre-deformation on fatigue life under pure, cyclic torsion loading conditions. Two different pre-deformation levels were considered in the creep process at 200 °C and 300 °C. A significant influence of creep pre-deformation on the cyclic properties of the tested material was obtained. This influence was characterized by, above all, improvement of fatigue life (during strain-controlled loading) of pre-deformed material in the case of large plastic strains. Two damage accumulation models were presented on the basis of these experimental test results. One makes it possible to determine the material’s damage state in the axial creep process. The other allows for predicting of fatigue life under low-cycle torsion conditions for the as-received material and material with different creep pre-deformation histories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact assessment of excessive and undesirable deformations in cable-to-girder connections on the structural safety of the University cable-stayed bridge in Bydgoszcz (Poland)","authors":"Bartosz Sobczyk,&nbsp;Łukasz Pyrzowski,&nbsp;Mikołaj Miśkiewicz,&nbsp;Jacek Chróścielewski,&nbsp;Krzysztof Wilde","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents analyses conducted to determine the load-bearing capacity of cable-to-girder connections of a cable-stayed bridge located in Bydgoszcz, Poland. The structure was opened to traffic in 2013 and operated without incident for seven years. In 2020, excessive deformations were discovered in the zones where cables are connected to deck girders, leading the owner to close the bridge to traffic. The results of site inspections, measurements, and advanced Finite Element Method (FEM) numerical simulations are presented to comprehensively address this damage. The primary focus is on accurate prediction of the local nonlinear response of the cable-to-girder connections through numerical analyses. Validation of the numerical models is an important aspect of this paper. The conclusion drawn is that a design error was the cause of the damage. The steel plates used to build cable-to-girder connections experienced permanent plastic strains. However, this did not lead to a total loss of the structure’s load-bearing capacity. Consequently, concerns were raised regarding the necessity of closing the bridge. The deformations should have been detected earlier, but routine inspections were insufficient. It is likely that the damage had begun during cable-stay prestressing, with extreme deformations occurring during the final acceptance tests. However, these deformations did not propagate under typical service conditions. Since the bridge carries a major road, an innovative repair method is proposed to minimize the social and economic costs associated with prolonged closure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of fracture slip behavior in granite under different intermediate and minimum principal stresses","authors":"Zhufeng Yue ,&nbsp;Fanzhen Meng ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Dongliang Tian ,&nbsp;Qijin Cai ,&nbsp;Yuantao Wen ,&nbsp;Liming Zhang ,&nbsp;Hui Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In deep rock engineering and deep resource exploitation, faults or fractures slip and reactivation usually leads to serious dynamic geological hazards (such as seismic activities, rock bursts and landslides). However, the effect of minimum principal stress (<em>σ</em>₃) and intermediate principal stress (<em>σ</em>₂) on rough fracture slip behavior remains enigmatic. Here we present an exploratory research on slip behavior of rough granite fractures under true triaxial (<em>σ</em>₁ &gt; <em>σ</em>₂ &gt; <em>σ</em>₃) stress conditions. The results suggest that the peak strength for the fractured granite specimen increases with increasing <em>σ</em>₃, but first increases and then decreases with increasing <em>σ</em>₂. Increasing <em>σ</em>₃ restricts the slip deformation, while increasing <em>σ</em>₂ tends to first increase and then decrease the slip deformation. A three dimensional (3D) asperity which considers the contact, friction and matching relationship of fracture surfaces is used to account for the influence of <em>σ</em>₃ and <em>σ</em>₂ on strength and deformation behavior. The AE hits with larger amplitude tend to increase with increasing <em>σ</em>₃ or <em>σ</em>₂, indicating severer fault damage under higher stresses, which is consistent with the micro damage observed from SEM. The changes of wear regions and gouges with increasing <em>σ</em>₃ or <em>σ</em>₂ are in good agreement with that in peak strength and deformation along <em>σ</em>₃. The decreasing b value and increasing strain along <em>σ</em>₃ can be used as a precursor for fracture slip. Moreover, four strength criteria developed for intact rock were used to fit the results of the fractured rock, and the comparison shows that the Mogi-Coulomb criterion provides the most satisfactory results and can be used to predict the peak strength of fracture or fault failure in the applied stress regime. This study will provide new insight into a thorough understanding of shear behavior under different <em>σ</em>₃ and <em>σ</em>₂, and can also contribute to the stability assessment of fractured rock in deep underground engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis and optimization of residual stress fields near fastener holes under combined factors","authors":"Zhiqiang Gan ,&nbsp;Lei Gan ,&nbsp;Yonghui Su ,&nbsp;Dongheng Ru ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Reza Talemi","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residual stress surrounding the expanded hole, generated by cold expansion process, plays a pivotal role in enhancing fatigue life but is susceptible to multiple factors. Accurate comprehension of the residual stress field is the essential prerequisite for addressing the fatigue failure problem of fastener holes. In this study, 2D-Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were employed to measure the residual strain and stress of hole plate subjected to split sleeve cold expansion (SSCE) under varying conditions. A 3D finite element (FE) model for tapered mandrel expansion was developed and validated against experimental results. A novel index, termed the effective residual stress, was proposed to quantitatively evaluate the residual stress field. Furthermore, the distribution characteristics of residual stress field were predicted and optimized using machine learning (ML) algorithm, considering the combined effect of the degree of cold expansion (DE), thickness of the plate, and edge distance ratio (EDR). Results indicate a nonlinear relationship between the effective residual stress and both thickness and EDR, and the influence of EDR is greater than thickness. For plates with varying thickness and EDR, the optimal DE varies from 3.5 % to 5.0 %. Specifically, when the EDR is below 3.5 and the thickness is below 10 mm, the optimal DE falls within the range of 3.5 % to 4 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal intensity measures for probabilistic seismic demand modeling of single-domed historical masonry buildings","authors":"Fuat Akturk ,&nbsp;Ali Yesilyurt ,&nbsp;Ferit Cakir","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to identify the optimal intensity measures for use in probabilistic seismic demand models for single-domed historical masonry buildings. Developing a probabilistic seismic demand model that describes the relationship between strong ground motion intensity measures and engineering demand parameters is critical in the performance-based earthquake engineering framework. To this end, a methodology is presented for selecting optimal intensity measures based on correlation, efficiency, practicality, proficiency, and sufficiency criteria. The 38 intensity measures commonly used in seismic vulnerability and risk assessments are categorized as follows: (i) earthquake-based, (ii) structure-based, (iii) event-based, and (iv) compound-based. Shear Stress, Normal Stress, Maximum Normal Strain, and Maximum Drift Ratio were used as engineering demand parameters to measure the structural response. In this study, the Elbistan Ulu Mosque, which was damaged after February 6, 2023, Mw7.8 and Mw7.5 Kahramanmaras earthquakes, was selected as a case study to determine the appropriate intensity parameters. For this purpose, response spectrum analyses were conducted on a 3D finite element model of the selected historical masonry structure to assess its response under seismic events. Various probabilistic seismic demand models were developed, and numerous regression analyses were performed between the engineering demand parameter and the intensity measures. After conducting thorough analysis and evaluation, spectral acceleration, spectral displacement, and modified cordova intensity were determined to be the most suitable intensity measure parameters. In addition to these optimal intensity measures, fragility curves were subsequently developed based on other relevant intensity measures, including peak ground acceleration, effective design acceleration, and A95.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 109378"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of typical cases of corrosion failure of tubing in heavy oil fire-flooding production wells","authors":"Dezhi Zeng ,&nbsp;Xue Han ,&nbsp;Chengxiu Yu ,&nbsp;Chunyan Zheng ,&nbsp;Rigu Su ,&nbsp;Jianghe Sun ,&nbsp;Yiyang Li ,&nbsp;Jie Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A corrosion failure of tubing often occurs during the production process of production wells in heavy oil fire-flooding blocks and thus affects service safety. In the study, the service information of tubings in fire-flooding blocks was analyzed and the physical and chemical properties of defunct tubings were determined. In addition, the causes for the failures of series tubings with wall thickness thinning and corrosion perforation were revealed by SEM, EDS, and XPS. The common corrosion types of tubings and the inducing factors of different failure forms were clarified and corresponding anti-corrosion suggestions were given. The material of defunct tubings was not the failure cause. When high-temperature gas channeling and unburned O₂ occurred, corrosion was intensified by a high content of Cl⁻, thus resulting in the corrosion failure of series tubings with serious wall thickness thinning. When a high content of Ca^2 + existed in formation water, a CaCO₃ scale layer was formed to adhere to the outer wall of the tubing and aggravate local corrosion under the action of a high content of Cl⁻. This above process was the cause for corrosion perforation. CO₂/H₂S corrosion generally occurred in the tubings of fire-flooding production wells. The inducing factors of tubing failures included high-temperature gas channeling, unburned O₂, a high content of Ca^2 +, and a high content of Cl⁻. It is recommended to use imidazoline corrosion inhibitor XCN-ZO2 and annular outer wall aluminum-based sacrificial anode anti-corrosion short sections for corrosion protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure analysis of metallic bolted joints under multiaxial fatigue loading","authors":"Maxime Nutte ,&nbsp;Vincent Bonnand ,&nbsp;Benjamin Delpuech ,&nbsp;Pascale Kanouté ,&nbsp;Serge Kruch","doi":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.109347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the fatigue performance of metallic bolted assemblies under multiaxial loading, focusing on biaxiality ratios and applied forces. It integrates experimental tests and complex 3D finite element simulations to analyse mechanical fields and correlate crack initiation sites with stress fields. A geometry for metallic bolted assemblies is introduced, facilitating various proportional and non-proportional loadings. Specimens made from 2024-T351 aluminium alloy allow a theoretical 90°disorientation between by-pass and bearing forces. These specimens undergo biaxial fatigue tests on a specialized machine to study the effects of stress rotation on the macroscopic mechanical response. Fracture surface analysis identifies three distinct crack initiation sites based on biaxiality ratios: low ratios result in net-section failures driven by by-pass stress, high ratios lead to gross-section failures influenced by bearing stress, and an intermediate range shows mixed initiation sites. Fatigue performance is characterized by Wöhler curves, highlighting the detrimental effect of bearing load on fatigue life. A new <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>By-Pass</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>Bearing</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span> diagram visualizes biaxiality’s influence on fatigue performance, revealing by-pass dominated, bearing dominated, and mixed regimes. The findings underscore the complex relationship between biaxial loading, crack initiation, and fatigue life, aiding the design of lightweight, high-performance aircraft structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11677,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 109347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}