Energy Science & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Minimizing Carbon Capture Costs in Power Plants: A Novel Dimensional Analysis Framework for Techno-Economic Evaluation of Oxyfuel Combustion, Pre-combustion, and Post-combustion Capture Systems","authors":"Donald Obi,&nbsp;Samuel Onyekuru,&nbsp;Anslem Orga","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The imperative to mitigate anthropogenic CO₂ emissions from power generation plants, which account for approximately 40% of global emissions, necessitates developing and deploying carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies. This study undertakes a comprehensive techno-economic evaluation of three primary CO₂ capture technologies—pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion—integrated with natural gas power plants. Utilizing Aspen HYSYS design simulation and economic assessments, the technical and economic viability of each technology were investigated, considering key metrics such as levelized cost of energy (LCOE), carbon emission intensity (CEI), cost of carbon avoidance (COA), investment costs, production costs, net present value, and rate of return. A multi-criteria evaluation framework incorporating dimensional analysis was employed to compare the technologies, and the results revealed post-combustion capture as the most viable option with a cost factor (CF) value of 0.85, striking an optimal balance between efficiency, costs, and environmental impact. With minimized TIC and TPC, well below the conventional processes, this study produced a unique framework for reducing costs in CCS technology deployment. Conversely, oxy-fuel combustion has huge drawbacks regarding low profitability as it was found to have the highest total investment cost (TIC) of $8,258,483.99 and annual production cost (APC) of $9,234,870. In contrast, a higher CEI of 0.05 tCO₂/MWh and COA of $150.33/tCO₂ make pre-combustion less environmentally friendly than the three technologies. The findings of this study provide critical insights to inform decision-making in CCUS development, supporting a low-carbon energy transition. Future research directions should focus on evaluating feasible configurations and optimizing post-combustion capture technology for commercial-scale deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 4","pages":"1749-1770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role and Impact of Al2O3 Additive on the Performance of the Diesel Engine Operated by JFO Along With Its Measures of Combustion and Emissions","authors":"R. Sabarish,&nbsp;S. Jenoris Muthiya,&nbsp;B. Anandan,&nbsp;D. Sathis Kumar,&nbsp;B. Manideep,&nbsp;Prabhakar Sekar,&nbsp;P. V. Elumalai","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The world's biggest problems are global warming and fossil fuel depletion. Most fast-developing countries are facing problems. Most engines that burn crude oil–based products discharge smoke, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, and lower-concentration particulate matter into the environment. In this study, good planning and emissions rules are reducing crude oil use. Juliflora oil biodiesel is derived from Juliflora seeds and tested in a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine. If you use biodiesel in your engine without changes, you may encounter gum formation in the cylinder, knocking, and carbon deposits. The blends approach is one of many techniques to change biodiesel's attributes, but our present intention is to employ it. B20 blend outperforms the other sample fuels and is closest to diesel. The produced aluminum oxide was tested for parameters using X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. Aluminum oxide was blended with biodiesel using an ultrasonicated to mix 25, 50, and 75 parts per million (PPM) aluminum oxides, designated B20AO25 PPM, B20AO50 PPM, and B20AO75 PPM. For typical engine running and optimal engine operating parameters, biodiesel with aluminum oxide nanoadditives was investigated. Optimized characteristics are 80% diesel and 20% Juliflora seed oil with 75 PPM aluminum oxide nanoadditives (B20AO75 PPM) at 200 bar injection pressure and 21° before top dead center injection time.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 3","pages":"995-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Comprehensive Model to Simulate and Optimize Fluid Flow in Complex Well-Formation System for In Situ Leaching Uranium","authors":"Zhaokun Li,&nbsp;Xuebin Su,&nbsp;Yangquan Jiao,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Qiu,&nbsp;Xiaodong Hu","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In situ leaching (ISL) is an important method for green and efficient development of sandstone-type uranium ore. It achieves ISL of uranium through the deployment of injection and extraction vertical well patterns. The optimization of parameter matching between injection and extraction wells is key to improving the efficiency of uranium development. However, as the depth of mining and the scale of development increase, the small area controlled by vertical wells leads to a large number of vertical wells and high drilling costs, which severely affect the benefits of mine development. In this paper, taking the development case of the LK mine area in Xinjiang as an example, an extraction method of “horizontal well injection–vertical well extraction” was innovatively proposed for the first time. By using the well-storage coupling model and particle tracking technology, this study systematically investigated the impact of well types and injection–extraction parameters on the leaching range and the distribution of leaching dead zones. Furthermore, a hybrid multiobjective optimization algorithm was used to complete the parameter optimization of well-storage coupling for ISL of uranium. The research content of this paper explores the impact of injection–extraction parameters and well spacing on the leaching effect of “horizontal well injection–vertical well extraction,” providing a method and approach for the optimization study of ISL uranium parameters. In addition, the research results of this paper have certain guiding significance for enhancing the leaching and extraction effect of the existing uranium mining plan in the LK mining area.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 3","pages":"1089-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Wall, Roof, and Window-to-Wall Ratio on the Cooling and Heating Load of a Building in India","authors":"Asim Ahmad,&nbsp;Om Prakash,&nbsp;L. S. Brar,&nbsp;Kashif Irshad,&nbsp;S. M. Mozammil Hasnain,&nbsp;Prabhu Paramasivam,&nbsp;Abinet Gosaye Ayanie","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the impact of various combinations of walls, roofs, and window-to-wall ratios (WWRs) on the cooling and heating loads of residential buildings in India's composite climatic zone. Utilizing EnergyPlus and eQuest simulations, the thermal performance of three building types is analyzed across 32 cases involving two types of walls (W1, W2), roofs (R1, R2), and WWRs of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The results indicate that Case 29 (W2 R2 N2 WWR1), characterized by a north-facing orientation, square-shaped design, and a 10% WWR, achieves the lowest cooling and heating loads among all configurations. Specifically, in Building 1, this configuration reduces cooling loads by 26.0% (from 204 to 151 kBTU/h) and heating loads by 28.6% (from 224 to 160 kBTU/h) compared to the highest load scenario, Case 4 (W1 R1 N1 WWR4, west-facing orientation, square-shaped design, and 40% WWR). Similar trends are observed for Buildings 2 and 3. These findings underscore the critical role of optimizing building envelope parameters, particularly orientation, shape, and WWR, in achieving significant energy savings. The insights provided by this study can aid architects, engineers, and policymakers in designing energy-efficient residential buildings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 3","pages":"1255-1279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Analysis of Binary and Ternary Blends of Ammonia, Hydrogen, and Diesel in Compression Ignition Engine","authors":"Laveet Kumar,&nbsp;Ahmad K. Sleiti","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Compression ignition (CI) engines have caused a surge in carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. Therefore, binary blends of hydrogen (H₂) and diesel in different ratios are predominantly focused in literature to mitigate these emissions. Extensive research has been carried out using binary blends of H₂ and diesel, but still, there is a lack of research on performance analysis of binary and ternary blends of ammonia (NH₃), H_2, and diesel in CI engines. Therefore, this research article examines various blends to determine various key performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), brake torque, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and NOx emissions with and without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). This research introduces a model of a single-cylinder CI engine developed within the Ricardo wave program, which was simulated across a range of ratios for binary and ternary blends. The simulations were conducted at a compression ratio of 21 and engine speed from 500 to 3000 rpm. Validation of the developed model is carried out against experimental data reported in the literature, and the absolute error was less than 5%, which validates the accuracy of the developed model. Results show that the BTE increases rapidly from 28% to 38% for the investigated binary blends (with 10% NH₃ to 90%) and 25% to 40% for the investigated ternary blended fuels at engine load from 500 to 2000 rpm, respectively. The maximum efficiency is observed in the case of 50% diesel and 50% NH₃ (D50A50) for the binary blends and 50% diesel, 25% NH₃ and 25% H₂ (D50A25H25) for the ternary blends. However, D50A50 and D50A25H25 exhibit 20% and 30% increased levels of NOx compared to diesel, respectively, particularly at higher engine speeds. However, when EGR is implemented at 25%, there is a substantial reduction in NO_x concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 3","pages":"1079-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Evolution Law of Mining-Induced Water Flowing Fracture of Composite Hard Roof in the Border Mining Area of Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi","authors":"Jiang Xiao,&nbsp;Yihui Wang,&nbsp;Boyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Tongxiaoyu Wang,&nbsp;Yujiang Liu,&nbsp;Yulin Wang,&nbsp;Yachao Sun","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mining area along the border of Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi generally contains two thick layers of confined aquifer sandstone, which form a composite hard roof. This constitutes the main hidden risk affecting the safe production of coal seams in this region.The composite hard roof is formed by two layers of thick confined water-bearing sandstone in the border mining area of Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi and is the main hidden danger affecting the safe production of coal seams. To clarify the evolution law of mining-induced water-conducting fractures under such occurrence conditions and prevent roof water damage, this paper comprehensively uses laboratory tests, theoretical analysis and UDEC numerical simulation methods to study the fracture characteristics and migration laws of high and low thick sandstones. The instability conditions of confined water-bearing sandstones in different layers are analyzed, the distribution law of water-conducting fractures is expounded, and the evolution characteristics of fractures are further quantitatively described by fractal theory. The results show that the overburden rock transport in the quarry is controlled by the composite rock beams, and the high rock beams will form a “masonry beam” structure, while the low rock beams will form a “step” structure under the influence of secondary displacement and rotation; the superposition of the initial breakage of the composite rock beam and the cycle breakage forms the “pulse” water influx characteristic and the “slow increase—sudden increase—stable” fissure development law; the change of the number of fractures is closely related to the transportation of the composite rock beams, which is divided into three stages of “slow growth-accelerated growth-periodic increase.” The fractal dimension quantitative cloud diagram further characterizes that the overall development pattern of water-conducting fissures remains unchanged under the influence of mining, and the main water-conducting channels are the fall zone and the vertical breakage fissure zones on both sides. The research results of this paper will provide a scientific basis for water control work in the working face under similar stratigraphic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 4","pages":"1720-1731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Investigations on Split Injection System Using Diesel/Biodiesel Blends Powered Common Rail Direct Injection Engine: Multi-Objective Optimization","authors":"Gowthaman Saba,&nbsp;Prabhu Paramasivam,&nbsp;Thangavel Kandasamy,&nbsp;Anu Karthi Swaghatha,&nbsp;Hasan Sh. Majdi,&nbsp;Faisal M. Alfaisal,&nbsp;Shamsad Alam,&nbsp;Abinet Gosaye Ayanie","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A combined effect of injection pressure (IP) and split injection mechanism (SIM) on performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a CRDI engine operated with diesel-lemongrass biodiesel (LGB20) blend was analyzed and optimized the IP from the experimental results using RSM and ANOVA. The CRDI engine was tested under SIM conditions at various injection pressures (IPs) of 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 bar, with limitations observed concerning specific engine characteristics. The SIM is accomplished by splitting the injection into two phases during the compression stroke. It was noted that the engine characteristics were improved concerning IPs in SIM by minimizing the intensity of heterogeneity of the mixture. The CRDI engine with 600 bar pressure registered higher in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) with lower specific fuel consumption (SFC) when compared to the engine operated with other IPs. It also registered lower exhaust pollutants except oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon dioxides (CO₂) due to better combustion at 600 bar pressure. The CRDI engine was operated efficiently at 64.61% load with 600 bar IP and recorded engine parameters as 29.94% of BTE, 0.373 kg/kWh of SFC, 0.64% of CO, 4.55% of CO₂, 244 ppm of NOx, 37.2 ppm of HC, and 64.58 HSU of smoke emissions. This study concluded that 600 bar IP is the optimum for better engine characteristics of CRDI engines operated with LGB20 fuel.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 4","pages":"1662-1678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Multi-Field Coupling Effect and Temperature Evolution Law of Coal and Gas Outburst Incubation Process in the Fault-Affected Area","authors":"Jianfeng Hao,&nbsp;Han Liu,&nbsp;Weiji Sun,&nbsp;Runzhi Li,&nbsp;Zhanshan Shi,&nbsp;Shengjie Fang,&nbsp;Chunyu Guo","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The multi-field coupling relationship and temperature evolution mechanism of gas-containing coal in areas affected by geological structures were investigated, focusing specifically on the engineering aspects of a reverse fault in the No. 3 coal seam at the Xinjing Coal Mine. An analysis was conducted to examine the thermal-fluid-solid coupling behavior of gas-containing coal. A thermal-fluid-solid coupling model for gas-containing coal, accounting for the effects of damage, was developed to simulate the incubation process of coal and gas outbursts within the fault zone during the advancement of the working face. The study has indicated that faults not only degrade the mechanical properties of the surrounding coal-rock mass, but also disrupt the continuity of coal seam stress. Gas tends to accumulate near fault zones, resulting in differences in the gas pressure and content on either side of the fault, thereby substantially increasing the likelihood of coal and gas outbursts. The primary factors influencing temperature variations include deformation energy, energy from gas expansion, thermal convection, thermal conduction, and the thermal effects associated with adsorption and desorption. Among these factors, the endothermic effect associated with adsorption and desorption significantly influences the temperature fluctuations in coal. The results of this study provide a theoretical foundation for exploring the mechanisms underlying coal and gas outbursts, improving the interdisciplinary coupling theory for coal and gas systems and employing temperature metrics to predict such outbursts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 4","pages":"1771-1785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Study of Hydrate Dissociation and Heat Stimulation by Hot Water Injection in Gas Hydrate Reservoirs","authors":"Kaixiang Shen,&nbsp;Yingsheng Wang,&nbsp;Xiangyang Yan,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhou,&nbsp;Kewei Zhang,&nbsp;Youshi Jiang","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1990","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hot water injection has been a simple and promising method of thermally stimulating the extraction of hydrates, which promotes the dissociation of natural gas hydrates and improves gas production. However, the temperature region influenced by injecting hot water requires further research and evaluation. In this study, a computational model of the temperature field in the hydrate reservoir during hot water injection with the finite volume method, considering coupled gas–liquid two-phase flow, heat conduction, and hydrate dissociation, was developed. The model focuses on hot water injection vertical wells completed with slotted liners in the Shenhu Sea area hydrate reservoir, which can consider the heterogeneity of porosity, permeability, and saturation. It also analyzes the effects of injection volume, injection rate, hot water temperature, and other factors on the variations in temperature and pressure distribution. The results indicate that selecting the appropriate injection volume, the temperature of hot water, and the injection rate can promote hydrate decomposition and expand the range of heat stimulation reservoir temperature. Reservoir heterogeneity leads to heterogeneity of the hydrate dissociation front and temperature influence range, and the influence range of heat stimulation is larger than homogeneous reservoir.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 2","pages":"551-561"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1990","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Plant-Based Antioxidants on the Stability of Soybean and Beef Tallow Biodiesels","authors":"Kalaiarasi Kandasamy,&nbsp;Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy,&nbsp;Deepika Gabiriel","doi":"10.1002/ese3.2088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.2088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel, but its oxidative instability reduces quality and performance over time. This study explicitly aimed to investigate the efficacy of natural antioxidants—acerola, soursop, mango, and pitanga leaves—and compare their performance to the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in enhancing the thermooxidative stability of soybean ethyl and bovine tallow methyl biodiesels. Biodiesels were synthesized and stored under controlled conditions (ambient and 60°C) for up to 1848 h. Analytical results showed that biodiesel treated with BHT maintained acidity index (AI) values below 0.5 mg KOH/g after 1176 h, while untreated biodiesel exceeded 1.0 mg KOH/g within 504 h. Kinematic viscosity for BHT-treated samples remained under the acceptable limit of 6.0 mm²/s for 1176 h, compared with untreated biodiesel, which surpassed the limit at 504 h. Natural antioxidants exhibited varying degrees of efficacy, with soursop and pitanga extracts achieving 35%–50% improvements in oxidative stability compared with untreated biodiesel. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that natural additives delayed the onset of degradation temperatures by 10°C–15°C. These findings demonstrate that plant-based antioxidants significantly enhance biodiesel stability, offering up to 70% of the effectiveness of BHT, and highlight their potential as sustainable alternatives for improving biodiesel quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 4","pages":"1706-1719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.2088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}