Energy Science & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Simulation on the Generation and Development of Cumulative Plastic Strain of Cement Sheath in Salt Cavern Gas Storage Well","authors":"Zhenkun Ren,&nbsp;Yan Xi,&nbsp;Hailong Jiang,&nbsp;Qian Li,&nbsp;Qing Li","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1948","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salt cavern gas storage is an important technical means to balance the demand for staggered energy supply. Due to the repeated injection and extraction of natural gas in gas storage facilities, sealing integrity failure in the wellbore of gas storage facilities frequently occurs. In response to this, considering the cyclic loading and unloading of the pressure load inside the casing, mechanical tests of set cement were carried out under alternating loads, quantifying the cumulative plastic strain change law of set cement and revealing the deterioration characteristics of its mechanical properties. A numerical model of cumulative plastic strain of casing cement sheath formation under alternating load was established based on the obtained experimental parameters. Comparative verification was conducted using experimental data, and the variation law of cumulative plastic strain of cement sheath was analyzed. The distribution of cumulative plastic strain on the cement sheath bonding surface of the entire wellbore was quantified. The research results indicate that the higher the internal pressure value of the casing, the earlier the plastic strain appears, and with the increase in the number of alternating loads, the cumulative plastic strain increases approximately linearly. After the internal pressure increased by 30 MPa, the cumulative plastic strain increased by a maximum of 46.75%. When the number of loading and unloading cycles under alternating loads is small, reducing the elastic modulus (6 GPa) of the cement sheath can effectively reduce its cumulative plastic strain. However, as the number of loading and unloading cycles under alternating loads exceeds a specific value, the cumulative plastic strain produced by high elastic modulus (15 GPa) cement sheaths decreases. Finally, the distribution pattern of cumulative plastic strain along the wellbore under different gas injection times and complex formation conditions was analyzed. Suggestions for establishing well barriers in salt cavern gas storage during cementing were proposed. The research results can provide theoretical and engineering references for evaluating the sealing integrity of gas storage wells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5443-5465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Bifurcation Characteristics of Fractional-Order Direct Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator","authors":"Wei Chen,&nbsp;Wentao Kou,&nbsp;Zhanhong Wei,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Qiangqiang Li","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1988","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we establish a fractional-order direct drive permanent magnet synchronous wind turbines (DPMSG) model defined by Caputo based on the fractional calculus theory to overcome the singularity and limitations of integer-order DPMSG models. The path and characteristics of the DPMSG system entering the bifurcation and chaos caused by the internal parameter changes and external disturbances were analyzed. First, we established a nonlinear fractional-order mathematical model of a DPMSG system. Second, a bifurcation diagram was drawn using the maximum algorithm, and the path to chaos of the system at different orders was analyzed by combining its chaotic phase portrait and temporal sequence diagram. Subsequently, the impact of variations in the system order on the chaotic features of the original system was analyzed. The internal parameter adjustments of the system and changes in the system stability under external disturbances and other external excitations were analyzed. The influence of the system on its bifurcation phenomenon and chaotic behavior under multidimensional orders was determined, and it was observed that its path into chaos was opened by period-doubling bifurcation. Lastly, the dual-parameter stability domain of the system order corresponding to the internal parameters of the system was obtained by determining the parameter conditions for the critical stability of the system.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5665-5677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1988","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Interpretable State-of-Health Assessment Model for Lithium-Ion Batteries With Multidimensional Adaptability Optimization","authors":"Zongjun Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Qu,&nbsp;Yuxi Liu,&nbsp;Mengqi Li,&nbsp;Hongyu Li,&nbsp;Wei He","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1982","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The state-of-health (SOH) assessment of lithium-ion batteries is critical to the development and optimization of maintenance strategies. To ensure the accuracy of the assessment results, it must not only address a variety of uncertainties but also rationalize and transparently conduct the assessment process, as well as make the results interpretable and traceable. These requirements are necessary to ensure that the battery operates safely and steadily. As an interpretable modeling method, belief rule base (BRB) has been widely used in lithium-ion battery SOH assessment. However, current BRB-based models face two problems: (1) The initial reference values provided by experts often have limited accuracy due to complex internal chemistry. (2) The multidimensionality of the parameters in the interpretable optimization process and the differences in their properties should be fully considered. Therefore, this paper proposes a new SOH assessment model for lithium-ion batteries based on an interpretable BRB with multidimensional adaptability optimization (IBRB-mao). First, an interpretable knowledge and data dual-driven reference value generation method is proposed to address the issue of imprecise reference values. Expert knowledge is maintained when generating reference values using this method. Second, two interpretable multidimensional constraint strategies are proposed to ensure interpretability in the optimization process. Finally, the NASA lithium-ion battery data set is taken as a case study to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5647-5664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1982","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy: An Overview of Type, Form, Storage, Advantages, Efficiency, and Their Impact","authors":"Bawoke Mekuye,&nbsp;Gedefaw Mebratie,&nbsp;Birhanu Abera,&nbsp;Ayenew Yibeltal,&nbsp;Assaye Lake,&nbsp;Asnaku Tefera","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1937","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recently, energy has been a research area due to increasing awareness of its advantages. Energy is essential for all daily activities and helps the mind and body grows; it has the ability to determine the growth of an economy and the development of a country. However, energy has its disadvantages. Nonrenewable energy is energy such as fossil fuel, which is the main cause of air pollutant emissions, such as carbon dioxide, synthetic fluorinated gases, water vapor, and methane gases; and nuclear energy, its wastes are the main cause of air pollutant. They are also the main cause of global warming, human health, climate change, and environmental degradation from the extraction up to use. Nowadays, fossil fuel energy is used in production and use of energy in all sectors of the world. Nuclear energy is the most powerful energy source. Renewable energy, such as solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, tidal, wave, and hydrogen energy, produces zero greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels, reducing air pollution and combating climate change, improving public health, mitigating smog and acid rain, and long-term sustainability. The production and use of this renewable energy has been increasing, but it is not sufficient to meet the demand of all sectors in the world. Hydrogen energy is the future of fossil fuels and nuclear energy, free of CO₂ emissions, and radioactive waste. The hydrogen economy envisions using hydrogen as a clean, versatile, and sustainable energy carrier to replace fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We must control the impacts of energy first by knowing the types of energy and their impact, and then totally replace nonrenewable energy with renewable energy in the future by increasing the efficiency of renewable energy. To increase the efficiency of energy production, energy storage (storing high amount of energy in a small space) uses nanomaterials and green nanomaterial technologies. International cooperation and policy alignment will be essential for driving global transition to a sustainable energy future. By leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), the energy sector becomes more sustainable, efficient, and resilient, supporting the transition toward a low-carbon future. Harmonizing energy policies, sharing best practices, and aligning climate commitments can facilitate the development of a coordinated approach to addressing energy challenges on a global scale. By incorporating these considerations into energy planning and decision-making, stakeholders can work toward building a future energy system that is sustainable, resilient, and capable of meeting the energy needs of a rapidly changing world. In this study, a critical review of the type, form, storage, advantages, efficiency, respective, and their impact are reviewed. The amounts of energy produced by each type in different years are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5678-5707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water, Energy, Food, and Environment Nexus for Achieving Sustainable Transition, Addressing Gaps, and Implementing Solutions for Global and Iranian Cases","authors":"Rahim Zahedi,&nbsp;Alireza Aslani,&nbsp;Hossein Yousefi,&nbsp;Younes Noorollahi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Razi Astaraei","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1950","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The challenge of providing water, energy, food, and managing the environment (WEFEN) is widely recognized as a significant barrier to global advancement in light of the increasing population. The interconnections among water, energy, food, and the environment constitute a comprehensive framework for achieving sustainability. Based on projections, it is anticipated that the global community will encounter crises pertaining to water, energy, food, and the environment in the foreseeable future. The objective of this paper is to analyze global research endeavors pertaining to the interconnections among water, energy, food, and the environment. Additionally, it aims to address the challenges and imperatives of investigating this nexus within the context of the world. This framework aims to achieve a harmonious equilibrium by considering the diverse objectives, interests, and requirements of both human societies and the natural environment. The correlation established by WEFEN has the potential to provide valuable insights for informing future global sustainable development policies in relation to environmental and water crises. This review study critically analyzes the existing body of research pertaining to the interplay between water, energy, food, and the environment in Iran and globally. Additionally, it highlights the challenges encountered in studying this intricate relationship and underscores the imperative for further investigation in this domain. This study reveals that the main barriers to achieving global integration of water, energy, food, and the environment are sector-specific policies and a dearth of integrated management approaches. The findings of this study encompass recommendations for enhancing the interplay between water, energy, food, and the environment. Additionally, establishing a dedicated policy-making institution and reaching a consensus on a comprehensive plan are crucial steps. Furthermore, it is imperative to develop and enhance the infrastructure of the clearing market to address pertinent matters effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5708-5726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1950","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the construction of novel nano-modified clean fracturing fluid and the migration characteristics of proppants","authors":"Yanwei Liu,&nbsp;Zichao Jia,&nbsp;Weiqin Zuo,&nbsp;Hongkai Han,&nbsp;Kunrong Xie,&nbsp;Liwen Li","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1929","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clean fracturing fluid exhibits desirable characteristics, such as low residue, easy flowback, minimal reservoir damage, and favorable rheology, making it highly adaptable. However, challenges remain in terms of high cost, large consumption, and poor stability. Hence, this study focuses on incorporating SiO₂ nanoparticles into clean fracturing fluid to develop a novel nano-modified system. Experimental tests were conducted to analyze the impact of mass fractions of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), sodium salicylate (Nasal), and SiO₂ nanoparticles on the viscosity of the solution. The results indicate a significant increase in viscosity with higher mass fractions of SiO₂. A nano-modified clean fracturing fluid composition of 1.5 wt% CTAC, 0.4 wt% Nasal, and 0.1 wt% SiO₂ was selected as it meets the technical specifications for fracturing fluid while exhibiting excellent elastic modulus (2.279 Pa) and viscous modulus (0.818 Pa), thereby displaying superior viscoelastic properties. Furthermore, the system maintains a viscosity above 20 mPa.s under temperature (70°C) and shear stress (170 s⁻¹), indicating robust temperature and shear resistance to meet the demands of downhole fracturing and proppant transport. Based on rheological experimental data, a Carreau rheological model was established for the nano-modified clean fracturing fluid. Considering particle interaction, wall blockage, and fluid filtration, a settlement model was modified with a correction coefficient, leading to the construction of a mathematical model for correcting proppant particle settling in fractures. The error between measured settlement velocity and calculated values remained within 10%. Finally, the migration law of proppant is studied, and the settlement law of proppant in fracturing fluid and fracture is clarified.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5429-5442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1929","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced high-precision methodology for assessing sediment erosion in Pelton turbine buckets","authors":"Bei Qin,&nbsp;Xiao Chang,&nbsp;Jiayang Pang,&nbsp;Zhishun Yu,&nbsp;Jitao Liu,&nbsp;Wanquan Deng,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Bing Yao,&nbsp;Xiaobing Liu","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1899","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Developing highly accurate sediment erosion testing methods for Pelton turbine overflow components is challenging due to their irregularly curved surfaces. In this study, we designed a method to evaluate the sediment erosion of the Pelton turbine bucket using test blocks with an accuracy of 0.0001 g. In addition, we conducted sediment erosion tests on a model Pelton turbine and conducted an in-depth study on the installation design of the turbine runner and bucket, the design of the erosion test blocks, and the arrangement; we analyzed sediment abrasion distribution on the bucket's working surface. Our test results show that the bucket splitter edge, as well as the root of the working surface, are heavily worn. The maximum erosion rate of the working face is 0.7669 μm/h, and the maximum erosion rate of the splitter edge is close to 5 μm/h, which is highly consistent with the distribution of sediment erosion observed in Pelton turbines operating under sandy river conditions. This test method is essential for examining sediment erosion in Pelton turbines.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5410-5417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1899","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Failure Diagnosis of Scraper Conveyor Gearboxes Based on DS Evidence Theory and Multimodal Data Fusion","authors":"Long Feng,&nbsp;Zeyu Ding,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Feng Zhou,&nbsp;Jin Peng Su,&nbsp;Yang Wang,&nbsp;Xinye Liu,&nbsp;Yibing Yin","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1959","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A scraper conveyor is one of the important equipment to ensure reliable, efficient and stable mining and transportation of coal. As the most important transmission system of the scraper conveyor, the gearbox takes the role of transmitting power and torque. Due to the influence of working conditions in underground coal mines, the gear transmission system is often subject to the impact of nonuniform large loads, which is very prone to failures, and affected by environmental interference, it is difficult to detect the early abnormal signals of the scraper conveyor gearbox in the conventional industrial scenarios of fault monitoring methods. To ensure the stability and reliability of its work, this paper carries out the research on the multi-parameter fusion of gearbox early fault diagnosis method under strong background noise interference. Aiming at the problem that the change of fluid physical and chemical characteristic parameters can reflect the early health condition of the gear transmission system and the single vibration signal is difficult to be extracted under the strong background noise, a model based on the fluid physical and chemical characteristic parameters and vibration signals is constructed by utilizing the RBF neural network and the Random Forest algorithm, and the body of evidence of the two models is fused at the decision-making level through the DS evidence theory, which forms the fluid-vibration multi-parameter fusion judgment of the early fault diagnosis method of scraper conveyor gearbox. Through comparison, it is found that compared with the fusion methods, such as high-dimensional variational self-encoder, and single diagnosis methods, such as the Random Forest Algorithm, the method researched in this paper is more suitable for the early fault warning of the scraper conveyor gearbox of the well coal mine, and the experimental validation finds that the average accuracy rate of the early fault recognition can be up to 96.6%.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5727-5738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDHNet: Ultra-Short-Term Wind Power Forecasting With IVMD–DCInformer–HSSA Network","authors":"Wei Li,&nbsp;Lu Gao,&nbsp;Fei Zhang,&nbsp;XiaoYing Ren,&nbsp;Ling Qin","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1968","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The variability and unpredictability of wind power generation present significant challenges for grid management and planning. Enhancing the accuracy of wind power forecasting is crucial for improving the reliability of renewable energy systems. To enhance the accuracy of temporal wind power predictions, the IVMD–DCInformer–HSSA framework has been introduced. Initially, the original wind power data is decomposed into multiple intrinsic mode function (IMF) components using the improved variational mode decomposition (IVMD) technique. Subsequently, the Sparrow search algorithm (HSSA) is employed to optimize the parameters of the enhanced Informer deep neural network, which are then integrated into the improved Informer model. The predictions of each IMF component resulting from the IVMD decomposition are then combined to generate the final prediction outcome. The experimental results show that the <i>R</i>-squared value of the proposed combined model is increased to 0.9903, and the accuracy is increased by 1%–3% compared with other models, which has a good prediction effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5566-5589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1968","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic stability analysis method for doubly fed generator sets considering random blade stress","authors":"Wei Chen,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Zhanhong Wei,&nbsp;Qiangqiang Li","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1872","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increasing capacity of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs), the diameter of the wind turbine is increasing, the blades are getting longer and longer, and in the process of power generation, the tower shadow effect as well as the role of wind shear are more obvious, and the random blade stresses caused by this is also getting bigger. Random blade stresses cause random and cyclic fluctuations in the power generated by the wind turbine, and power fluctuations often cause voltage flicker, which affects the control system and power quality. To address the impact of random blade stresses on the grid-connected stability of DFIG, the results of the traditional stability analysis methods may be too conservative or lead to too high a dimensionality to be analyzed. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a grid-connected stochastic stability analysis method for DFIG sets considering random blade stresses based on the stochastic averaging method under the Hamiltonian system. a stochastic dynamics model of the doubly fed wind farm was established by considering random blade stress. Subsequently, using the proposed generalized Hamiltonian principle, the model and energy functions in the proposed Hamiltonian form <i>H</i>, based on the stochastic averaging method (SAM), were established to obtain the system energy diffusion equation. Probability density function and regional stability probability were obtained from explicit expressions of the mean and regression square root processes. The drift and diffusion coefficients were obtained using the SAM, and the backward Kolmogorov equation was derived from the Ito equation to obtain the conditional reliability function and the probability density of the first crossing time. Finally, the effects of torque fluctuations with different stochastic intensities on the grid-connected stability of doubly fed wind farms were investigated, and the effectiveness of the proposed generalized Hamiltonian SAM applied to the stochastic stability analysis of DFIG was verified by numerical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation. This provides a theoretical foundation for analyzing the grid-connected stability of DFIG affected by random blade stresses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"12 12","pages":"5398-5409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}