Energy Science & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Catalytic Pyrolysis of Torrefied Municipal Solid Waste Using Local Iron for Improved Bio-Oil Yield and Energy Efficiency","authors":"Ahmed Mohammed Inuwa,&nbsp;Victor Oluwafemi Fatokun,&nbsp;Usman Mohammed Aliyu,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh,&nbsp;Sudesh Rathilal","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70619","url":null,"abstract":"<p>South Africa faces growing municipal solid waste (MSW) accumulation and energy insecurity due to fossil fuel dependence. Torrefaction improves MSW for waste-to-energy use, while conventional pyrolysis produces low-quality oxygen-rich bio-oil. Catalytic pyrolysis with locally available iron-based catalysts offers a cost-effective method to upgrade bio-oil and support sustainable energy production. This study investigates the catalytic pyrolysis of the torrefied organic fraction of municipal solid waste at 550°C–700°C and atmospheric pressure (1 atm) using a locally synthesized Fe₂O₃ catalyst at a 1:10 catalyst-to-biomass ratio. Feedstock and catalyst characteristics were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface analysis, while bio-oil composition was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and elemental analysis. The torrefied feedstock, with 48.6 wt.% volatile matter and 57.8 wt.% carbon, produced 38.6 wt.% bio-oil non-catalytically. Using an Fe₂O₃ catalyst increased the yield to 47.5 wt.% at 600°C, reduced oxygenates, and improved fuel quality, achieving a higher heating value of 33.8 MJ kg⁻¹. GC–MS analysis identified phenolic and heterocyclic compounds, indicating effective catalytic cracking, deoxygenation, and hydrocarbon enrichment during vapor upgrading. These results demonstrate that locally sourced iron-based catalysts effectively upgrade torrefied MSW pyrolysis vapors, producing higher-quality bio-oil and improving overall conversion efficiency. The proposed catalytic waste-to-energy approach provides a scalable and economically viable strategy for converting municipal waste into renewable fuels, strengthening energy security and sustainable waste valorization in South Africa, and supporting SDG 7, SDG 12, and SDG 13.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4866-4882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70619","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Piston Bowl Geometry and Spray Angle on Combustion, Performance and Emission of a Diesel Engine","authors":"Md. Nazmul Haque,&nbsp;Abdullah Al Rifat,&nbsp;Tafsirul Hassan,&nbsp;Md. Ifthaker Alam,&nbsp;Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Kazol,&nbsp;Md. Ashraful Islam,&nbsp;Abidur Rahman Adib,&nbsp;Mizanur Rahman","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A piston bowl's design and spray angle improve air–fuel mixing, resulting in more complete combustion and higher efficiency. Ansys Forte 2023 R1 a CFD software was used to analyze the effects of five combustion chamber geometries of cylinder, modified re-entrant, re-entrant, double-stepped, and stepped on engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics at spray angles of 1000°, 1050°, 1100°, 1150°, and 1200°, respectively. This study looks into the effects of piston bowl shape and spray angle on engine performance and emission characteristics. The numerical investigation is carried out with a load of 0.44 MPa and a start of injection at 7° bTDC. The double stepped piston bowl with spray angles of 110°–115° has the maximum thermal efficiency and the lowest ISFC, while reducing VOC, UHC, soot, and CO emissions. The combustion and performance parameters for piston bowl geometries are optimized at spray angles of 110° and 115°. At these spray angles, improved fuel–air interaction leads to higher peak cylinder pressure, peak cylinder temperature, thermal efficiency, and ISFC consumption while producing reduced emissions. The results show that spray angle optimization is crucial, with 110°–115° emerging as the optimal spray angle range for piston bowl selection and combustion optimization. Among the bowl geometries, the double stepped demonstrate the most balanced performance-emission trade-off at spray angles of 110° and 115° compared to stepped, modified re-entrant, re-entrant, and cylindrical shapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4819-4837"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70614","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Solar and Wind Energy Systems for Domestic Power Generation and CO2 Emissions Reduction","authors":"Mohamed Elnaggar,&nbsp;Mai Abuhelwa,&nbsp;Wael A. Salah,&nbsp;Aamir Bashir Taas,&nbsp;Hala J. El-Khozondar,&nbsp;Yasser F. Nassar,&nbsp;Ahmad Aboul Khail,&nbsp;Alfian Ma'arif,&nbsp;Mohammed J. K. Bashir,&nbsp;Abdurrahman A. Mattar","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gaza Strip faces continuous electricity shortages, high dependence on imported energy, and increasing environmental pressures from fossil-fuel-based power generation, which is mostly imported and controlled by Israel. This study evaluates the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of an integrated photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy system for domestic power generation and CO₂ emissions reduction under Gaza's local climatic conditions and location. Solar irradiance and wind-speed profiles were used to estimate the annual energy output of standalone PV, standalone wind, and combined hybrid configurations. The results show that a 3-kW wind system can generate approximately 5089 kWh/year, while a 3 kW PV system can generate approximately 4736 kWh/year. The combined 6 kW hybrid PV–wind system produces approximately 9825 kWh/year, demonstrating the benefit of complementary solar and wind generation patterns for improving supply stability. The environmental assessment indicates that the hybrid system can avoid approximately 9.4 tCO₂/year compared with diesel-based electricity generation, with separate contributions of 4.9 tCO₂/year from the wind system and 4.5 tCO₂/year from the PV system. The economic assessment shows simple payback periods of approximately 6.0 years for the PV system and 6.4 years for the wind system, indicating that both technologies are financially promising for decentralized domestic energy applications. Overall, the study's results suggested that integrated PV–wind systems can support energy security, reduce emissions, and provide a practical renewable-energy pathway for energy constrained regions such as the Gaza Strip.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4655-4672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiphysics Coupled Response of Stress and Seepage in Coal Under Borehole Disturbance and Optimization of Borehole Parameters","authors":"Yewu Bi,&nbsp;Yichen Li,&nbsp;Yangyang Guo,&nbsp;Yikai Zhang,&nbsp;Jiazhi Sun,&nbsp;Kangnan Li,&nbsp;Yongpeng Fan,&nbsp;Qixian Li","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70596","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To rationally determine the borehole radius and borehole spacing for gas drainage using along-seam boreholes, a fluid-solid coupling framework incorporating coal deformation, fracture seepage, and matrix diffusion was adopted. A one-way coupled numerical simulation method based on FLAC3D and COMSOL was employed to systematically reveal the evolution of the plastic zone, stress field, permeability field, and gas pressure field in the coal surrounding boreholes under different borehole-radius conditions. Results show that, according to the spacing criterion 2r ≤ L ≤ R, the reasonable spacing range is 2–8 m, and <i>L</i> = 5 m was selected as the unified borehole spacing. Under this condition, the plastic-zone area increased with borehole radius, while stress redistribution and permeability enhancement both showed nonlinear characteristics. Among the tested schemes, the 150 mm borehole radius produced more uniform plastic-zone expansion, more effective stress relief, and greater permeability enhancement. Gas pressure decreased nonlinearly with drainage time, and the low-pressure zone progressively expanded outward from the borehole vicinity; the 150 mm scheme showed the fastest pressure attenuation. Field tests further confirmed that the combination of a 150 mm borehole radius and 5 m spacing increased the pure gas drainage rate by 35.4% relative to the conventional scheme.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4641-4654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart Parking Systems: A Review of Optimization Techniques and Technological Advances","authors":"Amirhossein Khosravi Sarvenoee,&nbsp;Mohammad Kohzadipour,&nbsp;Majid Valizadeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Saeedi Kia,&nbsp;Milad Karimian,&nbsp;Mohammad Sharifirad","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70636","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In heavily populated, traffic-heavy cities, smart parking systems (SPS) are recognized as an efficient way to manage parking spots. The optimization methods and technological developments in the area of smart parking systems are examined in this review study. The essay begins by discussing the challenges in managing parking and the necessity of SPS. Following that, it delves into a variety of optimization strategies, including Internet of Things-based methods, genetic algorithms, machine learning algorithms, and dynamic programming. This study also examines new hardware and software platforms, smart sensors, predictive systems, and other technical advancements, evaluating how these impact the effectiveness and performance of SPS. The objectives of this study are to provide a comprehensive analysis of current advancements in the industry, identify problems and opportunities for the future, and propose solutions to enhance SPS moving forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4526-4545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70636","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Data-Validated Multi-Criteria Decision Framework for Ranking Sustainable Energy Pathways Toward Net-Zero Emissions","authors":"Yue Lou,&nbsp;Zhang Di,&nbsp;Te Ma,&nbsp;Jingyuan Zhao,&nbsp;M. Mehdi Shafieezadeh","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70609","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sustainable energy planning requires decision frameworks that capture interdependencies among criteria while ensuring empirical validation. A data-validated multi-criteria decision-making framework is developed by integrating the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory and the Multi-Criteria Optimization and Compromise Solution methods to rank sustainable energy options by their contribution to net-zero targets. Empirical validation is performed using cross-country energy indicators obtained from the Our World in Data Energy Dataset. The results show that energy efficiency has the highest priority, with compromise index values near 0.00–0.02, followed by renewable energy (0.18–0.20) and electrification (0.36–0.38), while carbon capture (0.69–0.71) and circular economy (0.98–1.00) exhibit lower performance. Policy feasibility (+1.53) and technological readiness (+0.84) are identified as dominant driving criteria, whereas economic feasibility (−0.92) and environmental impact (−0.45) are dependent factors. The strong agreement between expert-based and data-driven results confirms the robustness of the framework. Sensitivity analysis indicates stable rankings with only minor variations among intermediate strategies. The framework provides a reliable basis for prioritizing sustainable energy strategies under real-world conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4752-4769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70609","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Multi-Complex Disturbance Generator Using Virtual Instrumentation for Power Quality Monitoring Research","authors":"Abdullah Saud,&nbsp;Adil Usman,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar Khan,&nbsp;Sumair Aziz,&nbsp;Muhammad Faisal Nadeem Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Akmal","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70602","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reliability and feasibility of power quality disturbance (PQD) classification methods pivot their performance in a real-world electrical environment. This demands an instrument that can generate real-time PQD voltage signals for investigating the performance of a PQD detection algorithm in practical scenarios. This research presents a PQD generator capable of generating fifteen real-time disturbance events using mathematical models specified by the IEEE standard for monitoring Power Quality (PQ). The proposed design is based on the concept of virtual instrumentation, comprising two parts: the first one is LabVIEW software platform for defining the disturbance parameters and synthesizing user-defined simulated PQD signal, and the second one is MyDAQ a data acquisition card from National Instruments (NI)) for real-time voltage signal generation. The virtual instrument (VI) designed in LabVIEW provides a unique option of inducing real-world electrical conditions like Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and harmonic distortion to PQD events in real-time. The reliability of the proposed instrument is evaluated by measuring the uncertainty in voltage and frequency of the generated PQD waveforms in accordance with the instructions provided by ISO-guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4700-4721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen Production With Water Electrolysis Technologies: Advances, Performance, and Potential Use for Low-Gradient Combustion","authors":"Rafał Buczyński,&nbsp;Przemysław Draga","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70640","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review analyses technological advances in water electrolysis between 2019 and 2026, focusing on developments relevant to industrial-scale hydrogen production. The assessment covers proton exchange membrane, alkaline water electrolysis, anion-exchange membrane, and solid oxide electrolysis cell technologies under realistic operating conditions, including high-current density, elevated pressure, and dynamic coupling with renewable energy sources. A system-level perspective is adopted, considering the combined effects of stack design, balance-of-plant optimization, manufacturing scale-up, and digital control on efficiency, durability, and hydrogen production cost. Key advances include reduced critical-material usage, higher current densities, improved modularity, and enhanced integration with renewable and industrial energy systems. The analysis is extended by linking hydrogen production with its end use in low-gradient combustion systems, such as MILD, FLOX, and HiTAC. While these systems enable low-emission heat generation, their environmental and economic performance depends strongly on upstream production pathways. Life-cycle analysis indicates that renewable-powered electrolysis offers the lowest emissions, whereas fossil-based or grid-dependent pathways reduce its climate benefit. Despite significant progress, challenges remain, including iridium scarcity, durability limitations, renewable integration issues, and manufacturing constraints at the gigawatt scale. Overall, the transition to fully integrated, scalable systems is identified as the key challenge for enabling cost-effective, low-carbon hydrogen production.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4546-4583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70640","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Crack Propagation and Stress Propagation in Coal-Rock Combinations Under Different In Situ Stresses Subjected to Blasting Loads","authors":"Jianyu Zhang,&nbsp;Guangming Chen,&nbsp;Meiyao Li,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Yuting Liu,&nbsp;Renjie Cui,&nbsp;Yixin Gong","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70594","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Practice has shown that increasing permeability through floor blasting is an effective approach for improving gas recovery rates in deep, soft coal seams. However, while existing studies have extensively examined the effects of in situ stress, little attention has been paid to the mechanisms within coal-rock complexes. This study developed theoretical models for the propagation of blasting stress waves within coal-rock complexes and for the stress distribution in the rock mass surrounding blast holes. Based on these models, both isotropic and anisotropic numerical models were established. The model was validated through field testing at a coal mine in Huainan, China. The results indicate that under isotropic in situ stress conditions, the circumferential stress around the blast holes increases with the increase in in situ stress, thereby inhibiting crack propagation. This inhibitory effect is proportional to the magnitude of the in situ stress and is more pronounced in the coal than in the rock. Under anisotropic in situ stress conditions, cracks tend to propagate preferentially along the direction of the maximum principal stress. In situ stress can reduce the peak intensity of blasting stress waves, limit their propagation range, and induce stress concentrations at the coal-rock interface. Field engineering practice indicates that following roof blasting, the maximum increase in gas concentration in the overlying coal seam reaches 375%, and the maximum increase in pure gas flow reaches 1,546%; however, increased burial depth exerts a certain inhibitory effect on the efficiency of gas permeability enhancement. The findings of this study provide important theoretical support and practical engineering guidance for improving the gas-permeability-enhancing effects of floor blasting in deep coal seams.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 10","pages":"4608-4625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-Material Transfer Learning for Accelerated Nanofluid Heat Transfer Prediction: A Machine Learning Approach for Energy Systems","authors":"Soumaya Hadj Salah,&nbsp;Aymen Ochi,&nbsp;Sonia Bezi","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70580","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a proof-of-concept for an inter-material transfer learning framework to accelerate the prediction of nanofluid convective heat transfer in laminar internal pipe flow. While machine learning (ML) surrogate models can reduce the computational cost of CFD simulations, they typically require large, material-specific datasets. Our work addresses this by demonstrating that an XGBoost model, pre-trained on 200 CFD simulations of a source material (Al₂O₃-water), can be fine-tuned to accurately predict the Nusselt number for a different target material (a hybrid Al₂O₃–TiO₂ nanofluid) using only 20 data points. The transfer learning model achieved a high coefficient of determination (R² = 0.980, 95% CI [0.951, 0.988]), representing an estimated 80% reduction in data requirements compared to a model trained from scratch. The framework also incorporates uncertainty quantification via bootstrap ensembles and advanced explainability (XAI) to ensure the model's predictions are both reliable and physically interpretable. This study establishes a robust methodology for developing accurate, data-efficient, and trustworthy ML models for thermal engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"14 9","pages":"4316-4332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}