Energy Science & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"The State-of-the-Art of Cuttings Transport Measurements","authors":"Song Xuncheng,&nbsp;Shi Jiaming,&nbsp;Shi Yucai,&nbsp;Wang Wei","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inadequate borehole cleaning is the primary cause of over 60% of downhole accidents in extended-reach wells. Since the 1970s, researchers have been committed to experimental and theoretical studies on cuttings transport in extended-reach wellbores, aiming to provide reliable experimental data and theoretical frameworks for the accurate prediction and diagnosis of borehole cleaning conditions. This paper systematically reviews the advancements in cuttings transport research, focusing on experimental setups, key influencing factors, and borehole cleaning evaluation methods. Despite extensive studies, existing experimental flow loops have limitations in replicating field conditions, and traditional predictive models struggle to capture the nonlinear interactions between drilling parameters. The review highlights the need for large-scale experimental systems (311 mm diameter) to improve measurement accuracy and visualization of cuttings transport. Additionally, artificial neural networks offer a promising approach to enhance prediction accuracy by addressing the complex relationships between engineering factors and borehole cleaning efficiency. These insights provide a foundation for optimizing drilling operations and improving wellbore stability in extended-reach wells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3741-3752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Sand Particle Size on Sand–Water Flow in a Francis-99 Distributor","authors":"Ziyao Zhou,&nbsp;Pinyu Xiang,&nbsp;Kang Xu,&nbsp;Jitao Liu,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Gang,&nbsp;Haiqi Wang,&nbsp;Jiayang Pang,&nbsp;Xiaobing Liu","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To examine the sand–water flow characteristics in the distributor of the Francis-99 hydraulic turbine, numerical simulations were conducted using the Mixture multiphase flow model, focusing on the impact of varying sand particle sizes. The findings indicate that near-wall velocities of sand and water in the fixed and guide vanes of the Francis-99 hydraulic turbine range from 1.5 to 3.4 m/s and from 2.1 to 11.2 m/s, respectively, with the highest values observed at the tail section. The trajectories of smaller sand particles closely followed the water flow, whereas for particle sizes of around 0.3 mm, acceleration and deceleration processes showed a noticeable lag due to inertia, leading to significant velocity fluctuations compared to smaller particles. The sediment concentration on the front side of the stay and guide vanes initially increased and then decreased along the flow direction, whereas on the back side, a gradual reduction was observed, with the peak sediment concentration occurring at the head. As the sand particle size increased, the uniformity of the sediment concentration distribution on the guide vane surface decreased. When the average sediment concentration (volume fraction) in the flow field was 0.00095, the maximum concentration on the front side of the guide vane reached 0.0025, and the region of high concentration expanded, whereas the back side showed an opposite trend. The results further demonstrate that the arrangement of fixed and guide vanes influences the sediment concentration distribution in the sand–water flow within the hydraulic guide mechanism of the Francis-99 hydraulic turbine, leading to inconsistencies in sediment distribution patterns on adjacent guide vane surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3753-3764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Maximum Power Point Tracking With a Combined Particle Swarm Optimization–Biogeography-Based Optimization Algorithm for Photovoltaic System","authors":"Seyed Mohammad Mehdi H. S. Aboutorabi,&nbsp;Mohammad Sarvi","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The amount of power produced by a solar panel depends on the intensity of radiation and surrounding temperature. Optimizing the performance of photovoltaic systems requires the operation of solar panels at the maximum power point (MPP). In the present paper, a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method is introduced based on an intelligent algorithm. The proposed method, called hybrid MPSO-MBBO, combines modified biogeography-based optimization (MBBO) and Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) algorithms. The performance of the presented algorithm is compared with perturb and observe (P&amp;O) and genetic algorithm (GA) as well as MPSO and MBBO. The effectiveness of the proposed method is further verified by experimental and simulation results in a typical photovoltaic system. The system under study includes a solar panel, an MPPT controller, and a DC–DC converter. To assess the accuracy of the proposed ‎ method, algorithms were implemented by the microcontroller STM32F407VGT6. The results showed that the MBBO algorithm had a higher speed response and the MPSO algorithm resulted in better accuracy, therefore, a combination of the two algorithms was used to track the MPP so that the MPSO algorithm is executed when the irradiance is uniform and the MBBO algorithm is executed when the irradiance has rapid changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3714-3726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Analyzing the Minimum Supercooling Temperature for a Novel I-Type Thermoelectric Cooling With Various Pulse Currents","authors":"Tianzhen Yang,&nbsp;Bohong Lai,&nbsp;Junhong Hao,&nbsp;Kaicheng Liu,&nbsp;Zhenlan Dou,&nbsp;Xiaoze Du,&nbsp;Hongkun Lv","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Continuous improvement of transient supercooling effects in thermoelectric cooling is important for solving thermal management problems such as chip hot spots. In this paper, a new I-type thermoelectric cooling structure is investigated, and its transient cooling performance is deeply investigated by a simulation method with the minimum cold end temperature as the index. We systematically analyze the cooling performance difference between the I-type structure and the conventional π-type structure under various pulse currents, and investigate the effects of structural parameters (such as the length of the thermoelectric legs and copper thickness) and current amplification on the minimum cold end temperature of the I-type structure. The results show that, within a certain range, the decrease of copper thickness and the increase of the length of the thermoelectric legs are conducive to the reduction of the minimum cold end temperature, and the cooling performance of the I-type structure is better than that of the π-type structure under various pulse currents, especially when the current amplification factor is 20, the cold end temperature of the new structure is nearly 30 K lower than that of the conventional structure. The research demonstrates that the innovative design enhances the transient cooling efficiency, with the minimum cold end temperature serving as a definitive metric. This new structure not only exhibits a lower cold end temperature but also experiences a slower temperature increase as the pulse current diminishes. This study provides theoretical support for the application of thermoelectric cooling technology in the fields of high-power cooling and high-speed cooling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3704-3713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Compound Percussive Drilling: Rock-Breaking Mechanism of High Confining Pressure Formation in the East China Sea","authors":"Jiwei Li","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of improving the depth of penetration (ROP) in deep, high-confining pressure formation is closely related to the rock-breaking method, which has become a bottleneck restricting the efficient development of oil and gas. Based on the current engineering practice of the Xihu block in the East China Sea Basin, experimental research on rock mechanical characteristics in deep strata was carried out, and a three-dimensional rock-breaking numerical model of the compound percussive system was established to simulate the dynamic single-cutter-rock interaction. The sensitivity analysis investigated the effects of the dynamic load impact frequency, axial and circumferential stress load, and static and dynamic loading time ratio on the penetration depth of drilling teeth in compound percussive drilling. As revealed from the results, the attenuation coefficients of stress waves in the medium are different under different frequencies. The higher the frequency of stress wave attenuation, the faster the fluctuation range of penetration depth decreases, and the rock-breaking effect decreases. With the continuous increase of dynamic load, the damage below the cutting plane first increases and then decreases. The size of cuttings decreases first and then increases as the ratio of static and dynamic loads increases. With the increase of the ratio of axial and circumferential static and dynamic loading time, the fluctuation range of penetration depth decreases, and the overall penetration fluctuation decreases. Finally, the field applications of compound percussive drilling were conducted. Matching higher impact frequency under low-speed conditions and lower impact frequency under higher-speed conditions is recommended, which is conducive to maximizing the impact drilling tool's role. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for exploring deep-formation rock-breaking mechanisms and optimizing the engineering parameters of percussion drilling tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3688-3703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault Recognition Method and Application Based on Generative Adversarial Network","authors":"Shuiliang Luo,&nbsp;Yongmei Huang,&nbsp;Yun Su,&nbsp;Shengkui Wang,&nbsp;Qianqian Liu,&nbsp;Yingqiang Qi,&nbsp;Fuhao Chang","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In view of the limitation of generalization ability faced by deep learning in fault identification, especially in the case of complex underground geological conditions and variable seismic data characteristics, it is often ineffective to directly use the network based on synthetic data training for fault prediction of real data. To overcome this challenge, this study proposes an innovative solution, which uses generative adversarial network-UNet (GAN-UNet) to extract features from data in depth. The network employs a U-net architecture as the backbone to simultaneously extract all features from forward-modeled synthetic data and real seismic data. These features are utilized as inputs for both the fault classifier and discriminator. The fault classifier distinguishes between fault and non-fault segments, while the discriminator employs adversarial mechanisms to differentiate whether input features originate from real seismic data or synthetic data. Once the discriminator, after training, cannot accurately discern the precise source of features, the network model has effectively uncovered the fundamental shared features between the two datasets. This approach demonstrates effective fault recognition in practical seismic data. To verify the effectiveness of the method, we applied it to the actual seismic data sets of the North Sea F3 block and the western deep basin. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional deep learning method, this method shows significant advantages in fault recognition. It not only improves the accuracy of fault identification, but also enhances the adaptability of the model to complex geological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 6","pages":"3063-3073"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Dynamic Cuttings Transport in the Annulus of Large-Offset 3D Horizontal Wells","authors":"Qingfeng Guo,&nbsp;Gonghui Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Cai,&nbsp;Jun Li,&nbsp;Zhengxu Wang,&nbsp;Yangfeng Ren","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the drilling process of large-offset three-dimensional (3D) horizontal wells, the issue of cuttings transport is a critical concern for wellbore cleanliness and downhole safety. Significant accumulation of cuttings can lead to various downhole accidents, such as excessive torque and drag, stuck pipe, and well control failure. To investigate the transport behavior of annular cuttings in large offset 3D horizontal wells, this study establishes a dynamic cuttings transport model based on the theory of annular solid–liquid two-phase flow. The model reveals the effects of the rate of penetration (ROP) and hydraulic parameters on the transport behavior of annular cuttings and clarifies the distribution characteristics of cuttings under normal drilling and back reaming conditions throughout the wellbore. The results indicate that the transport behavior of cuttings differs among the vertical section, hold section, high build-up rate section, and horizontal section of large-offset 3D horizontal wells, with the stabilized cuttings bed thickness exhibiting the following relationship: high build-up rate section &gt; horizontal section &gt; hold section &gt; vertical section. Moreover, the accumulation of cuttings in large-offset 3D horizontal wells is significantly greater than that in conventional two-dimensional (2D) horizontal wells. During the drilling process in long horizontal sections, a higher ROP exacerbates cuttings transport issues. Compared to drilling without back reaming, the accumulation of cuttings can be reduced by approximately 50% after back reaming each pipe. The combination of optimized hydraulic parameters with drilling and back reaming is recommended to enhance wellbore cleanliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3644-3661"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Surrounding Rock Control Technology of Gob-Gob Roadway Driven by Fully Mechanized Caving With Large Mining Height and Small Coal Pillar in Extra Thick Coal Seam","authors":"Linjun Peng,&nbsp;Dongxu Chen,&nbsp;Weidong Liu,&nbsp;Chengyuan Peng,&nbsp;Fenghua Cai,&nbsp;Dazhi Hui,&nbsp;Huanhuan Yan","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To investigate the ground pressure control in gob-side roadways with small coal pillars in deep and high fully mechanized caving faces, a study was conducted based on the return airway of the 2-2 coal seam in the 130203 face of Zao Quan Coal Mine of Guo Neng Ning Mei Group. The deformation of the original roadway and the failure of bolts and cables were analyzed. Based on the soil pressure theory, a stress field model was constructed for the rock surrounding the roadway. Calculations showed that the internal stress field ranged 8.8–9.5 m, the advance peak pressure ranged 15–22 m, and the bearing pressure influence ranged 175–190 m. Through FLAC^3D simulations, it was found that the stress on a 5-m coal column was 7.01 MPa, while the stress on a 15-m coal column reached 65.25 MPa. Field measurements showed that the deformation of small coal pillars was 690 mm, compared to 370 mm for solid coal pillars, with asymmetric deformation. The bottom heave varied to 750 mm, with a local maximum of 1400 mm. The analysis showed that the roof rock beam fractured above the side of the 5 m small coal pillar due to the influence of an anticline structure, leading to the proposal of an asymmetric control mechanism. Grouting pillars and individual supports were used for support, and the technology was successfully applied in the field, meeting the production requirements. The gob-side roadway technology with small coal pillars was successfully implemented in the 130203 face, providing a scientific basis for mining in similar mines.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 6","pages":"3422-3436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure Law of Soft and Hard Interlayer Overlying Rock in Gently Inclined, Super-Thick Coal Seam and Research on the Development Height of a Water-Conducting Fissure Zone","authors":"Kaijie Duan,&nbsp;Peilin Gong,&nbsp;Kang Yi,&nbsp;Guang Wen,&nbsp;Hui Kang,&nbsp;Ziyang Feng,&nbsp;Tong Zhao,&nbsp;Peng Li","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the failure laws of soft and hard interlayer overlying rocks and the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone in a gently inclined super-thick coal seam at the Qifeng coal mine, Shanxi. The overlying rocks above the working face were classified into four typical structural types: soft-hard-soft-hard, hard-soft-hard-soft, soft-soft-hard-hard, and hard-hard-soft-soft. First, the failure laws of these four types of overlying rock structures were studied theoretically. Theoretical analysis revealed that different overlying rock structures form different composite rock beams that move synchronously after coal excavation. Numerical simulation using FLAC^3D showed that the overburden failure does not change linearly but forms different combined rock beams according to the different overburden structures, resulting in a step change. The soft–soft–hard–hard overburden structure exhibits the largest damage extent, while the soft–hard–soft–hard overburden structure results in the highest damage height. When the hard rock above the coal seam is closer to the stope, the influence of the mining stress is greater, leading to stress concentration at the junction of soft and hard rocks. Three methods—theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement—were used to study the overlying rock failure law and the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone of the 51408 working face of the Qifeng Coal industry. The results show that the guiding height of the 51408 working face of the Qifeng Coal industry is 120.12, 103.6, 113.2, and 116.1 m for the four overlying rock structures. The maximum measured height of 116.1 m was considered the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone. The field-measured results are consistent with those obtained by theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, confirming the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation and providing a basis for water prevention and control of the roof of gently tilting super-thick coal seams.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3473-3490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar FaultNet: Advanced Fault Detection and Classification in Solar PV Systems Using SwinProba-GeNet and BaBa Optimizer Models","authors":"Praveen Kumar Balachandran,&nbsp;Muhammad Ammirrul Atiqi Mohd Zainuri,&nbsp;Faisal Alsaif","doi":"10.1002/ese3.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Detection of faults in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is an important concern to guarantee that renewable energy source generation keeps its efficiency and reliability. It directly affects the development of sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially those on affordable and clean energy and climate action. However, most of the existing research studies related to fault detection methods have suffered from low accuracy, higher error rates, and time-consuming processes when dealing with complex fault types in real-time. The work is therefore targeted at trying to address these challenges in the development of an efficient and reliable model that could be applicable in the fault detection for solar PV systems. It also proposes the Solar FaultNet-a novel deep learning-based approach that significantly improves fault detection performance in solar PV systems and integrates the model with state-of-the-art ML techniques like CNN and LSTM to capture inherent complex patterns and interdependencies of fault data. Besides, the proposed model outperforms conventional machine-learning algorithms and state-of-the-art deep- learning models for better performance by yielding higher accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and low error rate on various fault types such as PV array faults, inverter faults, grid synchronization faults, and environmental faults. Experimental results show that Solar FaultNet outperforms the existing state-of-the-art machine-learning algorithms and deep-learning architectures, achieving a precision of 99.1%, recall of 99%, F1-score of 98.9%, and an error rate as low as 0.018%. In addition, the model enjoys high efficiency at 15 s training time and 25 s testing time in handling various types of faults such as PV array faults, inverter faults, grid synchronization faults, and environmental faults.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":"13 7","pages":"3551-3568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.70113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}