Highly Efficient Cs2SnI6 Perovskite Solar Cell Through Optimization of Parameters and Device Architecture

Abstract

Previous literature had established that lead-free perovskite solar cells are a good candidate to replace lead-based solar cells. However, its low power conversion efficiencies and stability issues become the main drawbacks. There is a need to examine scientific possibilities to optimize its internal mechanism to overcome its inherent drawbacks. This study is a theoretical simulation of the cesium tin-based double perovskite in a multiple ETLs architecture (specifically, p–n architecture) with the use of the SCAP 1D simulator to optimize some material properties towards improved PV parameters. The study showed that careful optimization of electrical and optical parameters, and the proper choice of architecture are essential to achieving highly efficient perovskite solar cells. An improved efficiency exceeding 40% and optimized PV parameters (Voc 1.6274 V, Jsc 27.35 mA/${\mathrm{cm}}^2,$ and FF 90%) were obtained. It raises the bar on the available PV parameters achievable with the Cs₂SnI₆ intrinsic layer, as the latest record stands at 29.78% efficiency. The outcome of this research validates new possibilities in the photovoltaic industry.