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Does ESG performance mitigate ESG-negative events? Examining the insurance-like vs. greenwashing effect ESG绩效能否缓解ESG负面事件?检验类似保险与洗绿效应
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109163
Yin-Hua Yeh , Chen-Chieh Liao
{"title":"Does ESG performance mitigate ESG-negative events? Examining the insurance-like vs. greenwashing effect","authors":"Yin-Hua Yeh ,&nbsp;Chen-Chieh Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how ESG performance moderates the impact of ESG-negative events on stock prices, using Taiwanese listed companies as the sample due to investors' easy access to ESG scores and a comprehensive database on event severity. The study contrasts two competing perspectives: the insurance-like effect and the greenwashing effect. The results indicate that the insurance-like effect diminishes when firms face severe ESG-negative events or financial constraints, with the effect being most pronounced in firms with high information asymmetry. Furthermore, the cost of equity capital serves as a transmission channel for this effect. Conversely, firms with high ESG exposure risks and elevated ESG scores experience more severe stock price declines following ESG-negative events, confirming the greenwashing effect. Notably, the insurance-like effect is observed only in companies with low ESG exposure risks. These findings highlight the dual role of ESG performance: acting both as a protective mechanism and as a source of heightened scrutiny in stock markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109163"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impacts of market shocks and policy interventions on electric vehicle diffusion: An agent-based model 市场冲击与政策干预对电动汽车扩散的影响:一个基于主体的模型
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109161
Shuo Yang, Wen Wen, Peng Zhou
{"title":"Impacts of market shocks and policy interventions on electric vehicle diffusion: An agent-based model","authors":"Shuo Yang,&nbsp;Wen Wen,&nbsp;Peng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric vehicle (EV) diffusion is critical for sustainable goals, yet it faces various uncertainties. This study develops an agent-based model (ABM) simulating EV diffusion paths under market shocks and policy interventions with heterogeneous social networks. The model demonstrates an enhanced capability for depicting EV diffusion amid turbulent times. Results show that market shocks arising from public opinion crises induce the most severe impacts on EV diffusion, while price shocks and financial crises have moderate effects. Although EV market shows resilience to moderate shocks, its diffusion process can be interrupted by large-scale public opinion crises. Public information campaigns boost short-term demand but risk depleting long-term market potential. In contrast, infrastructure policies are slow to have effects, but work for long-term expansions. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that effective shock mitigation requires tailored policy interventions: public information campaigns favor regions with weak social networks, infrastructure policies work for high-income consumers, and the optimal interventions shift from plate-quota policies and public information campaigns to infrastructure policies as the EV market matures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109161"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do value-added tax incentives encourage corporate risk-taking and growth in the new energy sector? Evidence from Chinese listed firms 增值税激励措施是否鼓励了企业在新能源领域的冒险和增长?来自中国上市公司的证据
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109207
Lei Du , Shikai Xu , Shenggang Ren
{"title":"Do value-added tax incentives encourage corporate risk-taking and growth in the new energy sector? Evidence from Chinese listed firms","authors":"Lei Du ,&nbsp;Shikai Xu ,&nbsp;Shenggang Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Value-added tax (VAT) incentives, while widely employed as a fiscal policy instrument, have received limited scholarly attention with respect to their role in promoting new energy development—particularly in terms of how such incentives can accelerate the growth of China's new energy industry. This paper constructs a quasi-natural experiment using longitudinal panel data from 820 Chinese listed firms and employs a difference-in-differences (DID) model to identify the causal effects. The results show that new energy VAT incentives significantly increase the risk-taking level of firms in the new energy sector. Mechanism tests suggest that these VAT incentives promote risk-taking by alleviating financing constraints and enhancing asset specificity. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive influence of VAT incentives on risk-taking is present only for small and growth-stage firms. Additionally, VAT incentives boost firm value by promoting scale expansion rather than R&amp;D investment, offering important insights for refining future policy designs aimed at supporting the industry's sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109207"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Data to Design: Constructing the Global Bioeconomy Complexity Index 从数据到设计:构建全球生物经济复杂性指数(BCI)
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109211
Tabassum Tazin , Sascha Stark , Sandra Venghaus
{"title":"From Data to Design: Constructing the Global Bioeconomy Complexity Index","authors":"Tabassum Tazin ,&nbsp;Sascha Stark ,&nbsp;Sandra Venghaus","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel socio-economic indicator designed to benchmark bioeconomy performance worldwide, thereby addressing a critical gap in existing evaluative tools as well as offering a unified tool for cross-national comparison and policy guidance. Using exports data of Harmonized System level 6 products from 2000 to 2023, we derived the Bioeconomy Complexity Index (BCI) for more than 150 countries and the emergence over 24 years employing the methodology used to compute the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) by Hidalgo and Hausmann. Countries have been ranked in terms of their respective BCI scores. Our findings suggest that countries scoring in the bottom are less complex and have fewer diversity when it comes to exporting bio-based products. The stark contrast between the top-tier and bottom-tier economies not only validates the Bioeconomy Complexity Index's effectiveness at capturing the twin dimensions of product complexity and export portfolio diversity but also highlights key gaps in global capability distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 109211"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147278527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Time-varying human capital and energy consumption for a panel of OECD countries in the long-run 长期一组经合组织国家的时变人力资本和能源消耗
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109205
Kris Ivanovski , Russell Smyth , Xibin Zhang
{"title":"Time-varying human capital and energy consumption for a panel of OECD countries in the long-run","authors":"Kris Ivanovski ,&nbsp;Russell Smyth ,&nbsp;Xibin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine how human capital influences energy consumption in a panel of OECD nations in the long run. We make important contributions to understanding how education affects energy consumption. First, much of the existing research on how human capital affects energy consumption, employs time series or panel data which typically span a few decades. We utilise a newly assembled long-run panel spanning 150 years, disaggregated by primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, for a core set of OECD countries. This long panel enables us to examine how the human capital–energy relationship evolved during the Industrial Revolution, multiple energy transitions, and major global shocks. Second, most prior studies rely on parametric models that assume constant relationships over time. Such approaches yield average effects but fail to capture how the education–energy nexus shifts in response to changes in policies, technologies, and macroeconomic conditions. To overcome this limitation, we employ both a parametric and a semi-parametric estimator, which generates time-varying elasticities. Our parametric results highlight the heterogeneous effects of education, with primary and secondary schooling associated with higher energy consumption and tertiary education linked to lower energy consumption. Semi-parametric findings show that primary and secondary education contributed strongly to energy-intensive growth in the early stages of development, but their influence diminished as economies shifted toward services, while tertiary education became increasingly connected with lower energy use in later decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109205"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146209064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bridging labor rights and energy efficiency: The role of social security contributions 衔接劳动权利和能源效率:社会保障缴款的作用
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109189
Jingjing Yang , Weiming Liang
{"title":"Bridging labor rights and energy efficiency: The role of social security contributions","authors":"Jingjing Yang ,&nbsp;Weiming Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of corporate social security contributions on energy consumption intensity in China. Our empirical analysis reveals that social security contributions exert a negative effect on energy consumption intensity, driven by three key mechanisms: enhanced labor productivity, accelerated technical innovation, and reduced scale of operations. This effect is particularly pronounced in state-owned enterprises, manufacturing firms, new energy demonstration cities, and areas with stricter environmental regulations. This study contributes to the broader discourse on achieving synergies between economic development and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109189"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How can China's healthy city pilot policy improve energy efficiency? Insights from difference-in-differences and double/debiased machine learning approaches 中国健康城市试点政策如何提高能源效率?来自差异中的差异和双重/去偏见机器学习方法的见解
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2025.109119
Zihao Zhou , Shanlang Lin , Zhan He , Xiaoming Zhang , Sutong Chen , Junpei Huang
{"title":"How can China's healthy city pilot policy improve energy efficiency? Insights from difference-in-differences and double/debiased machine learning approaches","authors":"Zihao Zhou ,&nbsp;Shanlang Lin ,&nbsp;Zhan He ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhang ,&nbsp;Sutong Chen ,&nbsp;Junpei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2025.109119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2025.109119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving energy efficiency (EE) is a critical pathway toward resource conservation and urban environmental sustainability. While healthy city initiatives have been acknowledged for their positive environmental and public health outcomes, their implications for urban EE have received limited empirical attention. This study takes China's healthy city pilot (HCP) policy as a quasi-natural experiment to investigate how the HCP policy affects EE. Using panel data from 282 prefecture-level cities between 2006 and 2023, we employ a difference-in-differences (DID) approach and a double/debiased machine learning (DDML) method to ensure robust causal identification. The relevant results are threefold. (1) The HCP policy significantly improves EE in pilot cities, which is driven by increased clean energy adoption, enhanced green technology innovation capabilities, improved public transportation services, and raised public environmental awareness. (2) The result of moderating effect analysis reveals that government environmental regulation can amplify pilot cities' energy transition effect. (3) HCP policy implementation widens regional disparities in EE across pilot cities, exhibiting a Matthew effect, with greater benefits observed in cities with lower resource dependence, better healthcare, stronger digital economies, and more developed green foundations. We propose that alongside expanding healthy city initiatives informed by policy experience, governments should strengthen policy support for underdeveloped cities with weak environmental and economic foundations to advance the Healthy China strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109119"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Government backed credit guarantee schemes for offtaker counterparty risk under corporate power purchase agreements 政府为企业购电协议下的收购对手方风险提供信用担保计划
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109166
Johann Schütt , Fabian Kächele
{"title":"Government backed credit guarantee schemes for offtaker counterparty risk under corporate power purchase agreements","authors":"Johann Schütt ,&nbsp;Fabian Kächele","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study we develop a formal model that explicitly considers the cash flows of an intermittent renewable electricity producing asset backed by a corporate PPA to establish a link between the default probability of the offtaker and the PPA price needed to reach the required return on equity. In this regard, we expand the classical LCOE framework to incorporate offtaker-related credit risk. We find that offtaker defaults have a substantial impact on the PPA price and hence the LCOE of the project depending on the survival function of the offtaker. Furthermore, we propose a lean credit enhancement scheme targeting offtaker defaults based on five core principles of government involvement in infrastructure projects and credit guarantees as well as incorporate the scheme in our formal model. We compare the costs of the credit guarantee scheme with the cost of traditional support measures and find that the government may provide revenue support to renewable energy projects at a lower cost compared to CfDs. In a case study for Germany, we quantify the effect of offtaker defaults on the PPA price. For non-investment grade offtakers, the required PPA price is from 7.83 € per MWh (or 11%) up to 40.87 € per MWh (or 56%) higher than the default free price. In the case study, expected support costs for the guarantee scheme are approximately half the support costs of a comparable CfD scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109166"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental policy and strategic abatement under scale economies 规模经济下的环境政策与战略减排
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109170
Carmen Arguedas , Yu Pang
{"title":"Environmental policy and strategic abatement under scale economies","authors":"Carmen Arguedas ,&nbsp;Yu Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper analyzes strategic interactions among polluting firms in a monopolistically competitive market with scale economies and explores the design of optimal environmental regulation. Extending the Dixit–Stiglitz–Krugman model, we introduce two key features. First, firms generate pollution through production and can invest in abatement. Second, firms act strategically, as each firm’s choices influence the decisions and profits of others. Our model obtains theoretical predictions that better align with empirical evidence: (i) markups decline with intensified competition, (ii) the relationship between fixed costs and firm-level pollution is hump-shaped, and (iii) while emissions taxes stimulate firm entry, intensity standards have no impact on entry or exit. Our simulations show that abatement is socially desirable under empirically plausible configurations, yet neither policy instrument can reach the first best outcome. Contrary to the traditional view, the second-best standard provides greater welfare and environmental benefits than the second-best tax, revealing its superiority in the presence of strategic firm behavior and scale economies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109170"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Carbon asset pledge financing under allowance allocation mechanisms: Strategies for capital-constrained manufacturers 配额分配机制下的碳资产质押融资:资金紧张制造商的策略
IF 14.2 2区 经济学
Energy Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109156
Cong Liu , Xiqiang Xia , Yarong Hou
{"title":"Carbon asset pledge financing under allowance allocation mechanisms: Strategies for capital-constrained manufacturers","authors":"Cong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiqiang Xia ,&nbsp;Yarong Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under carbon trading policies, research and development (R&amp;D) in carbon emission reduction (CER) technologies has become a key strategy for manufacturing industries to mitigate carbon compliance costs. However, limited attention has been given to how specific carbon allowance allocation methods interact with capital constraints in supply chains. To address this gap, this paper develops a carbon-emission-dependent supply chain model that incorporates two allocation mechanisms, namely the grandfathering system and the benchmarking system, involving a capital-constrained manufacturer and a retailer. Based on the manufacturer's initial capital and carbon allowance endowment, three financing scenarios are examined: no financing, pure carbon asset pledge financing (PCAPF), and hybrid carbon asset pledge financing (HCAPF). The results show that: 1) The threshold for adopting the no-financing strategy is lower under the grandfathering system, while the PCAPF thresholds in both systems depend on the total carbon allowance. 2) From a profitability perspective, the retailer's profit is higher under the benchmarking system, whereas the manufacturer achieves higher profit under the grandfathering system when the total allowance is relatively abundant. 3) From an environmental perspective, the benchmarking system imposes stricter constraints and induces higher CER efforts, but when the R&amp;D cost coefficient exceeds a certain threshold, the environmental impact under benchmarking surpasses that under grandfathering. 4) Under both systems, the no-financing scenario achieves the highest CER efforts, product output, and retailer's profit, while excessive reliance on HCAPF weakens all three.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11665,"journal":{"name":"Energy Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109156"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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