Endocrine journal最新文献_第2页

Advancing liver metabolic zonation with single-cell and spatial omics. 单细胞组学和空间组学促进肝脏代谢分区。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0140

Masanori Fujimoto, Tomoaki Tanaka

{"title":"Advancing liver metabolic zonation with single-cell and spatial omics.","authors":"Masanori Fujimoto, Tomoaki Tanaka","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0140","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0140","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism is strictly regulated by hormones such as insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and adrenaline, dynamically adapting to diet and stress. Metabolic zonation, a key feature of liver function, has been studied for decades. It refers to the spatial arrangement of hepatocytes with distinct metabolic roles along the portal-to-central vein axis, shaped by nutrient and oxygen gradients, as well as signaling molecules. However, traditional methods have struggled to reveal the spatial regulation of gene expression and signaling within these zones. Recent advances in single-cell and spatial omics technologies now allow detailed analysis of gene expression, signaling pathways, and cell-cell interactions with spatial resolution, providing new insights beyond classical models. Metabolic zonation research is rapidly advancing, and the concept of immune zonation, describing the spatial distribution of immune cells, has gained attention for its role in liver metabolism. These findings have improved our understanding of metabolic changes in conditions like fatty liver disease and diabetes. However, many questions remain, including the dynamic effects of diet and hormones and disease-related alterations. This review summarizes past and recent findings on metabolic zonation, explores the role of immune zonation and hormonal regulation, and discusses the latest technologies and future challenges.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"1069-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a prediction model by combining tumor diameter and clinical parameters of adrenal incidentaloma. 结合肿瘤直径和临床参数建立肾上腺偶发瘤预测模型。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0132

Yuichiro Iwamoto, Tomohiko Kimura, Yuichi Morimoto, Toshitomo Sugisaki, Kazunori Dan, Hideyuki Iwamoto, Junpei Sanada, Yoshiro Fushimi, Masashi Shimoda, Tomohiro Fujii, Shuhei Nakanishi, Tomoatsu Mune, Kohei Kaku, Hideaki Kaneto

{"title":"Development of a prediction model by combining tumor diameter and clinical parameters of adrenal incidentaloma.","authors":"Yuichiro Iwamoto, Tomohiko Kimura, Yuichi Morimoto, Toshitomo Sugisaki, Kazunori Dan, Hideyuki Iwamoto, Junpei Sanada, Yoshiro Fushimi, Masashi Shimoda, Tomohiro Fujii, Shuhei Nakanishi, Tomoatsu Mune, Kohei Kaku, Hideaki Kaneto","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0132","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0132","url":null,"abstract":"When adrenal incidentalomas are detected, diagnostic procedures are complicated by the need for endocrine-stimulating tests and imaging using various modalities to evaluate whether the tumor is a hormone-producing adrenal tumor. This study aimed to develop a machine-learning-based clinical model that combines computed tomography (CT) imaging and clinical parameters for adrenal tumor classification. This was a retrospective cohort study involving 162 patients who underwent hormone testing for adrenal incidentalomas at our institution. Nominal logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictive factors for hormone-producing adrenal tumors, and three random forest classification models were developed using clinical and imaging parameters. The study included 55 patients with non-functioning adrenal tumors (NFAT), 44 with primary aldosteronism (PA), 22 with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS), 18 with Cushing's syndrome (CS), and 23 with pheochromocytoma (Pheo). A random forest classification model combining the adrenal tumor diameter on CT, early morning hormone measurements, and several clinical parameters was constructed, and showed high diagnostic accuracy for PA, Pheo, and CS (area under the curve: 0.88, 0.85, and 0.80, respectively). However, sufficient diagnostic accuracy has not yet been achieved for MACS. This model provides a noninvasive and efficient tool for adrenal tumor classification, potentially reducing the need for additional hormonal stimulation tests. However, further validation studies are required to confirm the clinical utility of this method.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"1115-1125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ectopic production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in high-grade intranasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma induced hypercalcemic crisis: a case report with review of literature. 1,25-二羟基维生素D异位产生在高级别鼻内非肠型腺癌引起的高钙血症危重中：1例报告并文献复习

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0038

Muneo Kawasumi, Mitsunobu Kubota, Hiromi Furuie, Kazuya Kuraoka

{"title":"Ectopic production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in high-grade intranasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma induced hypercalcemic crisis: a case report with review of literature.","authors":"Muneo Kawasumi, Mitsunobu Kubota, Hiromi Furuie, Kazuya Kuraoka","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0038","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Hypercalcemia is an oncologic metabolic emergency in cancer patients, primarily caused by local osteolytic hypercalcemia and humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Hormones associated with oncologic metabolic emergency include parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), but 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) is rarely the cause. We report the case of an 87-year-old man with hypercalcemic crisis owing to 1,25(OH)2D overproduction from a high-grade intranasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma. 1,25(OH)2D and corrected Ca levels normalized after tumor resection and did not re-elevate subsequently. Serum PTH was suppressed and PTHrP not detected, suggesting the hypercalcemia was not due to the PTH pathway. Immunohistochemistry for CYP27B1, a key enzyme that converts 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) to 1,25(OH)2D, showed positivity in the cytosol of about 20% of tumor cells, but only about 1% of the macrophages. On the other hand, CYP24A1, a 1,25(OH)2D-degrading enzyme, was diffusely expressed in the cytosol of about 80% of tumor cells. These findings may suggest overproduction of CYP27B1 mRNA. The balance between synthesis and degradation of 1,25(OH)2D in tumor tissue is thought to be implicated in the development of 1,25(OH)2D-producing solid tumors. Further case accumulation and studies will be needed to confirm this hypothesis. Nonetheless, in diagnosing 1,25(OH)2D-producing solid tumors, it is important to evaluate not only CYP27B1 expression but also CYP24A1.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"1135-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thyroid volume reduction in patients with thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody who transitioned from Graves' hyperthyroidism to hypothyroidism: a single-center retrospective study. 甲状腺刺激阻断抗体患者从Graves甲亢过渡到甲状腺功能减退的甲状腺体积减少：一项单中心回顾性研究

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0274

Rei Hirose, Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh, Natsuko Watanabe, Ai Yoshihara, Akiko Sankoda, Masahiro Ichikawa, Masakazu Koshibu, Hideyuki Imai, Shigenori Hiruma, Nami Suzuki, Miho Fukushita, Masako Matsumoto, Kiminori Sugino, Koichi Ito

{"title":"Thyroid volume reduction in patients with thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody who transitioned from Graves' hyperthyroidism to hypothyroidism: a single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Rei Hirose, Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh, Natsuko Watanabe, Ai Yoshihara, Akiko Sankoda, Masahiro Ichikawa, Masakazu Koshibu, Hideyuki Imai, Shigenori Hiruma, Nami Suzuki, Miho Fukushita, Masako Matsumoto, Kiminori Sugino, Koichi Ito","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0274","url":null,"abstract":"Some patients with Graves' disease (GD) develop hypothyroidism after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment and are found to be positive for thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody (TSBAb). However, thyroid volume (TV) changes throughout this process remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to quantify TV changes before and after hypothyroidism onset in patients with GD harboring TSBAb and compare them with those in patients with GD who developed hypothyroidism without TSBAb or achieved remission with ATD. This retrospective study evaluated TV changes using ultrasonography in three groups: 10 patients with GD who developed hypothyroidism with TSBAb (TSBAb(+)-hypo group), nine without TSBAb (TSBAb(-)-hypo group), and 91 who achieved remission after ATD treatment (Remission group). In the TSBAb(+)-hypo group, TV significantly decreased from the hyperthyroid to hypothyroid phase (median: 33.3 mL [range: 14.2-52.0] vs. 13.6 mL [4.3-23.3], respectively; p = 0.001). In the TSBAb(-)-hypo group, TV significantly decreased from the hyperthyroid to hypothyroid phase (26.6 mL [11.9-49.2] vs. 20.9 mL [7.4-34.2], respectively; p = 0.037). In the Remission group, TV also decreased significantly from the hyperthyroid to remission phase (29.8 mL [8.2-88.4] vs. 25.1 mL [9.5-72.0], respectively; p = 0.0002). The decrease in TV was significantly higher in the TSBAb(+)-hypo group than in the TSBAb(-)-hypo and Remission groups (53.9% [37.9-74.5] vs. 30.9% [-22.3 to 63.0] and 10.7% [-100.7 to 52.0], respectively; p = 0.027 and <0.0001). This study documents the first precise measurement of TV reduction using ultrasonography in patients with GD who developed hypothyroidism with TSBAb, showing a markedly greater decrease than in those without TSBAb or in remission after ATD treatment.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The age- and sex-specific association between metabolic body composition and lung function: a cross-sectional study. 代谢性身体组成与肺功能之间的年龄和性别特异性关联：一项横断面研究。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0218

Wen-Cheng Li, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Chia-Wei Lu, Yueh Lin, Ya-Hui Lee, Po-Ya Lin

{"title":"The age- and sex-specific association between metabolic body composition and lung function: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Wen-Cheng Li, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Chia-Wei Lu, Yueh Lin, Ya-Hui Lee, Po-Ya Lin","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0218","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the association between body composition and lung function. Metabolic body composition can independently predict the risk of poor lung function. Accordingly, this cross-sectional observational study included adults aged ≥18 years who attended annual health examinations at Xiamen Chang-Gung Hospital from 2013 to 2016. The study evaluated the association between lung function and metabolic body composition, after correcting for possible influencing factors. Males had a higher body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio and a higher prevalence of smoking and drinking histories. Additionally, men showed significantly higher mean arterial pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance values than those of women (all p < 0.001). The proportion of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) was also higher in men than in women (17.91% vs. 25.20% and 11.28% vs. 13.67%, respectively). However, female participants demonstrated better pulmonary function. The prevalence of restrictive lung disease (RLD) was substantially higher in men than in women. The study findings suggest that MUO, and to a lesser extent, metabolic obesity with normal weight (MONW), are independent risk factors for RLD. These results imply that MUO, and to a lesser extent, MONW, may serve as potential screening markers for preclinical RLD in annual health checkups.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of individuals in whom body weight loss precedes diabetes onset: a retrospective, observational, longitudinal cohort study based on health checkup in Japan. 体重减轻先于糖尿病发病的个体特征：一项基于日本健康检查的回顾性、观察性、纵向队列研究

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0230

Masataka Shikata, Makito Oku, Shion Fukuhara, Ryo Ito, Takayuki Haruki, Keiichi Ueda, Iwao Kimura, Tsuyoshi Teramoto, Daisuke Chujo, Minoru Iwata, Takashi Yamagami, Yoshiki Nagata, Makoto Kadowaki, Kazuyuki Tobe

{"title":"Characterization of individuals in whom body weight loss precedes diabetes onset: a retrospective, observational, longitudinal cohort study based on health checkup in Japan.","authors":"Masataka Shikata, Makito Oku, Shion Fukuhara, Ryo Ito, Takayuki Haruki, Keiichi Ueda, Iwao Kimura, Tsuyoshi Teramoto, Daisuke Chujo, Minoru Iwata, Takashi Yamagami, Yoshiki Nagata, Makoto Kadowaki, Kazuyuki Tobe","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0230","url":null,"abstract":"East Asians are known to develop diabetes mellitus at a lower body weight than Caucasians, potentially because of the different mechanisms underlying disease development. This study aimed to evaluate the variation in weight transition leading to diabetes onset in two subtypes of individuals (obese and non-obese) in a Japanese population. We conducted a retrospective, observational, longitudinal cohort study using health checkup data from 9, 260 participants in Japan. Individuals who developed diabetes within three years of the start of the observation period were excluded. Among the participants, 61.4% were men, and 259 developed diabetes. In the obesity group (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m2), the average BMI increased prior to the diabetes onset and subsequently decreased. Conversely, in the non-obesity group (BMI <25 kg/m2), the average BMI decreased and then stabilized before the onset of diabetes. Notably, a greater number of participants in the non-obesity group exhibited a BMI change of ≤-0.15 kg/m2 per year compared with those with a BMI change of ≥0.15 kg/m2 per year before diabetes onset (p = 0.003). Our findings indicate that body weight loss precedes the onset of diabetes in the non-obesity group. We recommend that non-obese individuals with elevated blood glucose levels who do not meet the criteria for diabetes should be considered a high-risk group for diabetes development. Therefore, it is imperative to identify these individuals and provide lifestyle guidance that does not focus on weight loss to prevent the onset of diabetes.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

False-positive results of adrenal venous sampling due to mild autonomous cortisol secretion in a patient with primary aldosteronism: a case report with review of literature. 原发性醛固酮增多症患者因轻度自主皮质醇分泌引起肾上腺静脉取样假阳性结果：1例报告并文献复习。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0312

Norio Wada, Shuhei Baba, Hajime Sugawara, Arina Miyoshi, Shinji Obara, Miwa Sanada, Takahiro Tsuji, Koshiro Nishimoto, Kuniaki Mukai

{"title":"False-positive results of adrenal venous sampling due to mild autonomous cortisol secretion in a patient with primary aldosteronism: a case report with review of literature.","authors":"Norio Wada, Shuhei Baba, Hajime Sugawara, Arina Miyoshi, Shinji Obara, Miwa Sanada, Takahiro Tsuji, Koshiro Nishimoto, Kuniaki Mukai","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0312","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case of a 50-year-old female diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA) complicated with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). The patient had a 5-year history of hypertension, and screening revealed an elevated aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR). Although she demonstrated no clinical features of Cushing's syndrome, her serum potassium level was at the lower end of the normal range. The baseline plasma renin activity was <0.2 ng/mL/h, and the plasma aldosterone concentration was 165 pg/mL. Confirmatory tests supported the diagnosis of PA, and computed tomography (CT) revealed a 19-mm tumor in the left adrenal gland. Following a 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test, her serum cortisol level measured 9.0 μg/dL, and the diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion was absent. Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was suppressed. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) revealed right-sided dominance before and after ACTH stimulation, with lateralization indices of 43.8 and 5.0, respectively. Considering the findings, we prioritized treatment for MACS and performed left adrenalectomy. Hypertension and elevated ARR persisted postoperatively. Histopathological examination revealed a 26-mm CYP11B-positive and CYP11B2-negative adenoma. The surrounding adrenal cortex contained multiple CYP11B1-negative and CYP11B2-positive nodules and micronodules. This case was retrospectively considered to represent bilateral PA. The AVS interpretation was misleading owing to cortisol imbalance between the adrenal veins due to cortisol producing adenoma. Treatment strategies for patients with PA and concurrent MACS should encompass a comprehensive assessment of AVS and CT findings.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance of GPT-4o combined with retrieval-augmented generation on nutritionist licensing exam questions. gpt - 40结合检索增强生成在营养师执照考试试题中的表现。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0201

Yu Ishikawa, Akitaka Higashi, Nozomu Arai, Daisuke Ozo, Wataru Hasegawa, Tetsuya Imamura, Zenbei Matsumoto, Hidetaka Nambo, Shigehiro Karashima

{"title":"Performance of GPT-4o combined with retrieval-augmented generation on nutritionist licensing exam questions.","authors":"Yu Ishikawa, Akitaka Higashi, Nozomu Arai, Daisuke Ozo, Wataru Hasegawa, Tetsuya Imamura, Zenbei Matsumoto, Hidetaka Nambo, Shigehiro Karashima","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0201","url":null,"abstract":"GPT-4o, a general-purpose large language model, has a Retrieval-Augmented Variant (GPT-4o-RAG) that can assist in dietary counseling. However, research on its application in this field remains lacking. To bridge this gap, we used the Japanese National Examination for Registered Dietitians as a standardized benchmark for evaluation. Three language models-GPT-4o, GPT-4o-mini, and GPT-4o-RAG-were assessed using 599 publicly available multiple-choice questions from the 2022-2024 national examinations. For each model, we generated answers to each question five times and based our evaluation on these multiple outputs to assess response variability and robustness. A custom pipeline was implemented for GPT-4o-RAG to retrieve guideline-based documents for integration with GPT-generated responses. Accuracy rates, variance, and response consistency were evaluated. Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency analysis was conducted to compare word characteristics in correctly and incorrectly answered questions. All three models achieved accuracy rates >60%, the passing threshold. GPT-4o-RAG demonstrated the highest accuracy (83.5% ± 0.3%), followed by GPT-4o (82.1% ± 1.0%), and GPT-4o-mini (70.0% ± 1.4%). While the accuracy improvement of GPT-4o-RAG over GPT-4o was not statistically significant (p = 0.12), it exhibited significantly lower variance and higher response consistency (97.3% vs. 91.2-95.2%, p < 0.001). GPT-4o-RAG outperformed other models in applied and clinical nutrition categories but showed limited performance on numerical questions. Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency analysis suggested that incorrect answers were more frequently associated with numerical terms. GPT-4o-RAG improved response consistency and domain-specific performance, suggesting utility in clinical nutrition. However, limitations in numerical reasoning and individualized guidance warrant further development and validation.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body mass index and metabolic complications in individuals with treatment-naïve acromegaly. treatment-naïve肢端肥大症患者的体重指数和代谢并发症。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-09-05 Epub Date: 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0047

Naoki Yamamoto, Shin Urai, Masaaki Yamamoto, Masaki Suzuki, Yasutaka Tsujimoto, Hironori Bando, Yuma Motomura, Yuka Ohmachi, Yuriko Sasaki, Yuka Oi-Yo, Michiko Takahashi, Genzo Iguchi, Hidenori Fukuoka, Wataru Ogawa

{"title":"Body mass index and metabolic complications in individuals with treatment-naïve acromegaly.","authors":"Naoki Yamamoto, Shin Urai, Masaaki Yamamoto, Masaki Suzuki, Yasutaka Tsujimoto, Hironori Bando, Yuma Motomura, Yuka Ohmachi, Yuriko Sasaki, Yuka Oi-Yo, Michiko Takahashi, Genzo Iguchi, Hidenori Fukuoka, Wataru Ogawa","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0047","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0047","url":null,"abstract":"Body mass index (BMI) can be used to define obesity-a global health concern and a risk factor for various complications. However, it does not accurately represent body composition. Furthermore, a correlation between BMI and the frequency of comorbidities in patients with acromegaly, a condition that affects body composition, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between BMI and frequency of metabolic complications in patients with acromegaly. This single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study included patients with untreated acromegaly. The patients were divided into two groups: BMI <25 kg/m2 and BMI ≥25 kg/m2, and the prevalence of metabolic complications was compared between the groups. Of the 66 patients, the BMI <25 kg/m2 group included 39 patients (BMI: 22.7 [20.0-24.1], insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1] standard deviation score [SDS]: 6.7 [4.7-7.9]), and the BMI ≥25 kg/m2 group included 27 patients (BMI: 27.6 [25.9-29.8], IGF-1 [SDS]: 8.5 [6.0-10.2]). The prevalence of metabolic complications did not differ between the groups, except for a lower incidence of fatty liver in the BMI <25 kg/m2 group (8% vs. 29%, p = 0.04). In these patients, BMI was positively correlated with serum IGF-1 levels (r = 0.29, p = 0.01). Our results suggest that BMI is not useful in predicting metabolic complications in individuals with acromegaly, except for fatty liver disease.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"1041-1049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12436081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipid metabolic reprogramming in immune regulation and chronic inflammatory diseases. 脂质代谢重编程在免疫调节和慢性炎性疾病中的作用。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Endocrine journal Pub Date : 2025-09-05 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0180

Ayaka Ito

{"title":"Lipid metabolic reprogramming in immune regulation and chronic inflammatory diseases.","authors":"Ayaka Ito","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0180","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0180","url":null,"abstract":"Immune cells undergo substantial metabolic rewiring during differentiation and activation to satisfy the energy demands of an appropriate immune response. Lipids serve as energy sources and function as essential components of cellular membranes and signaling molecules. Recent studies have revealed that reprogramming of lipid metabolism, including lipid uptake, de novo synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and fatty acid oxidation, leads to dynamic alterations in the quantity and quality of intracellular lipids. These metabolic changes play crucial roles in shaping immune cell functions, promoting anti-inflammatory responses, and facilitating the resolution of inflammation. Conversely, dysregulation of lipid metabolism can result in immune cell dysfunction, contributing to the onset and progression of chronic inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune diseases and metabolic syndrome. Notably, cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism influence immune responses by modulating membrane lipid composition and downstream inflammatory signaling. Given these insights, targeting lipid metabolism has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for restoring immune homeostasis and treating chronic inflammatory diseases.","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"979-985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12436075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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