Endocrine reviews最新文献_第4页

Regulatory Cycles of Orexin and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in Post-Viral Syndromes. 促食素和胰高血糖素样肽-1在病毒后综合征中的调节周期。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnag009

Jana Ruhrländer,Elisabeth Schieffer,Bernhard Schieffer

{"title":"Regulatory Cycles of Orexin and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in Post-Viral Syndromes.","authors":"Jana Ruhrländer,Elisabeth Schieffer,Bernhard Schieffer","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnag009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnag009","url":null,"abstract":"Post-viral syndromes are heterogeneous multisystem diseases without a uniform etiology that occur as a result of acute viral infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients increased dramatically due to infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This is known as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), with many cases also meeting the criteria for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), the most severe form of a post-viral disease, characterized by severe fatigue, post-exertional malaise (PEM), unrefreshing sleep, neurocognitive impairment, and autonomic and immune dysregulation. Orexin (OX) neuropeptides, which regulate arousal, metabolism, and neuroendocrine functions, may serve as a central link between stress, immune activation, and metabolic changes in these syndromes. Notable phenotypic similarities between OX system dysfunction and core features of PASC and ME/CFS, including fatigue, sleep issues, impaired glucose metabolism, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, support a mechanistic model in which impaired OX signaling contributes to post-viral endocrine and metabolic dysfunction. This review examines the role of OX in regulating glucose metabolism, HPA axis activity, and systemic homeostasis, with a specific focus on sexually dimorphic expression and function in relation to post-viral syndromes. We also highlight the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), another key player in metabolism, which also has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, vasoprotective, and immunomodulatory effects. We further emphasize emerging therapeutic strategies, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and drugs targeting the OX system. Together, these insights provide an integrated framework for understanding and targeting the neuroendocrine-metabolic underpinnings of PASC, ME/CFS, and other post-viral syndromes.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147751392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acromegaly and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Evolving Management. 肢端肥大症和心血管疾病：机制、临床影响和不断发展的管理。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnag011

Marta Araujo-Castro,Pedro Marques,Luis Miguel Cardoso,Eider Pascual-Corrales,Julie Refardt,Sebastian J C M M Neggers,José María Jiménez Cassinello,Mónica Marazuela,Manel Puig-Domingo,Betina Biagetti

{"title":"Acromegaly and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Evolving Management.","authors":"Marta Araujo-Castro,Pedro Marques,Luis Miguel Cardoso,Eider Pascual-Corrales,Julie Refardt,Sebastian J C M M Neggers,José María Jiménez Cassinello,Mónica Marazuela,Manel Puig-Domingo,Betina Biagetti","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnag011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnag011","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common and serious complications of acromegaly and a leading contributor to reduced life expectancy in affected individuals. This review examines the prevalence, mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of cardiovascular complications in patients with acromegaly. Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 excess promotes a range of cardiovascular disturbances, including structural heart changes, arrhythmias, vascular dysfunction, and an increased burden of traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Early recognition and targeted treatment of these complications are critical to reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. While surgery and medical therapies for acromegaly aimed at normalizing hormone levels may lead to partial or full reversal of some cardiovascular alterations, many patients require continued management of comorbid conditions to control their overall cardiometabolic risk. Advances in diagnostic strategies and therapeutic options have contributed to improved survival, yet gaps remain in our understanding of how best to prevent or reverse cardiovascular damage in this population. Multidisciplinary care and individualized risk assessment are essential components of modern acromegaly management.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147735164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diverse SOX3 genetic variants and their associated phenotypic spectrum in human disease. 人类疾病中多种SOX3基因变异及其相关表型谱

IF 20.3 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnag008

Chiara De Dominicis,Maria Francesca Birtolo,Andrea G Lania,Giampaolo Trivellin

{"title":"Diverse SOX3 genetic variants and their associated phenotypic spectrum in human disease.","authors":"Chiara De Dominicis,Maria Francesca Birtolo,Andrea G Lania,Giampaolo Trivellin","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnag008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnag008","url":null,"abstract":"SOX3 is a single-exon gene located on the X chromosome (Xq27.1), encoding a transcription factor critical for early central nervous system and pituitary development, as well as gonadal function. A growing body of literature reports a diverse array of phenotypes associated with different classes of SOX3 variants, including single nucleotide variants, indels, polyalanine tract changes, copy number variants, and structural rearrangements. These variants have been implicated in conditions ranging from pan-hypopituitarism or isolated growth hormone deficiency to neural tube defects, disorders/differences in sex development, and complex syndromes involving craniofacial and intellectual disability. In this review, we comprehensively summarize all known variants involving SOX3 reported to date, highlighting the different pathogenetic mechanisms that have been reported or hypothesized (e.g., gene dosage, transcriptional regulation) and the phenotypes to which these variants are associated to. Special emphasis is placed on established genotype-phenotype correlations and the challenges in interpretation relevant to clinical diagnostics. This review aims to provide a reference framework for clinicians, researchers, and geneticists working with SOX3-related disorders.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147735165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glycated CD59, a Novel Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes. 糖化CD59：妊娠糖尿病的新生物标志物

IF 20.3 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-04-21 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnag010

Michelle Toth Castillo,Shauntina Drayton Powell,Amy Biermann,Julia Torrey,Miguel Angel Luque-Fernandez,Jose Halperin

{"title":"Glycated CD59, a Novel Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes.","authors":"Michelle Toth Castillo,Shauntina Drayton Powell,Amy Biermann,Julia Torrey,Miguel Angel Luque-Fernandez,Jose Halperin","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnag010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnag010","url":null,"abstract":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance that starts during pregnancy, represents a major public health challenge because it is a major cause of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes and presents a significant high risk of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease for both mother and infant. The diagnosis of GDM is currently made through oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT); other markers of glycemic control have notably failed for GDM diagnosis: Since the treatment of GDM reduces the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, screening for GDM with OGTTs in pregnancy weeks 24-28 is the standard of care in most nations worldwide. However, universal screening is difficult to achieve due in part to the fact that OGTTs are cumbersome and uncomfortable. Thus, the importance of detecting glucose intolerance in pregnant women, the possibility of reducing with treatment the associated risks, the low sensitivity of glycemic markers in pregnancy, and the multiple problems associated with OGTTs highlight the significance of exploring alternative screening/diagnostic methods that are sensitive, accurate, and well tolerated by patients. In this review, we summarize our discovery, development, and clinical validation in six human studies of plasma glycated CD59 (pGCD59), the glucose modified form of the key complement inhibitor CD59, as a biomarker for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of GDM.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SSTR-Based Therapies for Gastroenteropancreatic and Thoracic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. 以sstr为基础的胃肠胰腺和胸椎神经内分泌肿瘤的治疗。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnag007

Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg,Beata Kos-Kudla

引用次数: 0

Neurocognitive changes after radiation to the pituitary region. 脑垂体区放射后的神经认知改变。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnag002

Patrick Murphy,Adam Mitchell,David Edge,Kalyan M Shekhda,Stephanie E Baldeweg,Michael Kosmin

{"title":"Neurocognitive changes after radiation to the pituitary region.","authors":"Patrick Murphy,Adam Mitchell,David Edge,Kalyan M Shekhda,Stephanie E Baldeweg,Michael Kosmin","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnag002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnag002","url":null,"abstract":"Radiotherapy has a key role in the management of pituitary tumours as well as other benign and malignant disease that occurs anatomically close to the pituitary gland. The role of radiotherapy in these diseases is outlined in this review, along with some of the key technical features of the different radiotherapy treatment platforms including proton beam therapy. Some of the key concepts of radiobiology are discussed including the role of radiotherapy dose fractionation to allow for repair within normal tissues adjacent to the tumour target. Despite the technological advances seen in radiotherapy planning and delivery, the late effects of radiotherapy to the brain remain problematic, particularly in patients with otherwise good prognosis. Neurocognitive changes are a key feature of these late treatment effects and are highly predictive of disability and reduced quality of life. In light of this, we present a narrative review of published studies of radiotherapy-induced neuro-cognitive decline in pituitary patients. We found that, while only a minority of studies noted an additional effect of radiotherapy on cognition after surgery, methodological issues are present for many negative findings. These include lenient assessment techniques and potentially unrepresentative samples. Arising from this, we present a framework for the assessment of neurocognitive decline in pituitary patients, which can be applied both in future research studies and clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbohydrate Ingestion on Exercise Metabolism and Physical Performance. 碳水化合物摄入对运动代谢和体能表现的影响。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaf038

Timothy D Noakes,Philip J Prins,Alex Buga,Dominic P D'Agostino,Jeff S Volek,Andrew P Koutnik

{"title":"Carbohydrate Ingestion on Exercise Metabolism and Physical Performance.","authors":"Timothy D Noakes,Philip J Prins,Alex Buga,Dominic P D'Agostino,Jeff S Volek,Andrew P Koutnik","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnaf038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnaf038","url":null,"abstract":"Carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion during exercise has long been associated with improved performance. Early Scandinavian research proposed that CHO ingestion mitigates exercise-induced hypoglycemia (EIH) through a central neural mechanism, preventing glycopenic brain damage. Subsequent studies linked muscle glycogen depletion to fatigue during prolonged exercise, suggesting an obligatory reliance on glycogen, while overlooking the simultaneous presence of profound EIH at exhaustion. However, emerging evidence challenges this paradigm highlighting EIH role in fatigue. We comprehensively review more than 100 years of evidence from more than 160 studies looking at CHO ingestion, exercise metabolism, and physical performance that demonstrates the following key findings: (1) EIH correlates strongly with exercise termination, while muscle glycogen depletion alone does not induce rigor or whole-body fatigue; (2) CHO ingestion reduces liver glycogenolysis, preserves blood glucose, and paradoxically accelerates muscle glycogen breakdown through conserved neuroendocrine mechanisms; (3) high-fat-adapted athletes demonstrate exceptional fat oxidation, equivalent exercise performance, despite lower glycogen and CHO oxidation, challenging the belief that glycogen and CHO oxidation are central to exercise performance or that CHO is an obligatory fuel; and (4) CHO ingestion during exercise significantly enhances performance, even in glycogen-depleted states, by eliminating EIH. These data demonstrate that the main benefit of CHO ingestion before or during exercise is to prevent EIH, highlighted in prolonged efforts (>2-3 hours) and individuals with insufficient hepatic gluconeogenesis. This has important implications for sports dietary recommendations (ie, habitual high- or low-CHO diets) and the amount of CHOs athletes should be encouraged to ingest during exercise to maximize performance.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146005058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA Damage and Repair in Thyroid Physiology and Disease. 甲状腺生理和疾病中的DNA损伤和修复。

IF 22 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaf035

Katarzyna D Arczewska, Dorota Sys, Hilde L Nilsen, Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska

{"title":"DNA Damage and Repair in Thyroid Physiology and Disease.","authors":"Katarzyna D Arczewska, Dorota Sys, Hilde L Nilsen, Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnaf035","DOIUrl":"10.1210/endrev/bnaf035","url":null,"abstract":"The thyroid is exposed to DNA damage induced by normal physiological processes (eg, oxidative stress resulting from thyroid hormone synthesis or mitochondrial respiration) or through environmental insults (eg, environmental pollutants, ionizing radiation exposure). Robust antioxidative stress defense and DNA repair mechanisms protect thyrocyte genome integrity, but defective or dysregulated DNA repair pathways have been implicated in thyroid pathology, including autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid malignancy. In thyroid cancer, disturbed antioxidative stress defense, Mismatch Repair, Non-Homologous End-Joining, or DNA damage response pathways contribute to both the onset and progression of the disease. The insight into mechanisms governing thyrocyte genome integrity may help to gain better understanding of the pathology and suggest novel therapeutic regimens, urgently needed in treatment-refractory disease. In the current review, we provide comprehensive description of the exogenous and endogenous factors, as well as DNA repair mechanisms influencing thyrocyte genome integrity. Moreover, we pinpoint major research avenues that should be pursued in future research. This information will be valuable in directing new discoveries to better understand thyroid disease pathomechanisms, as well as aid development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":" ","pages":"121-157"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatic Glucocorticoid Receptor Action and Glucose Homeostasis. 肝糖皮质激素受体作用与葡萄糖稳态。

IF 22 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaf030

Maggie Chang, Jen-Chywan Wang

{"title":"Hepatic Glucocorticoid Receptor Action and Glucose Homeostasis.","authors":"Maggie Chang, Jen-Chywan Wang","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnaf030","DOIUrl":"10.1210/endrev/bnaf030","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major metabolic functions of glucocorticoids (GC) is to maintain circulating glucose levels during stress, as glucose is the preferred energy source for the brain. Because of their potent anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory activities, GC are frequently used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Chronic GC exposure, which can be a result of long-term GC pharmacotherapy and prolonged stress, however, causes undesired adverse effects that include hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. These adverse effects limit the application of GC therapy. GC act through an intracellular GC receptor (GR), a transcriptional regulator, to modulate the transcriptional rate of specific genes to exert physiological responses. The liver is a major target tissue of GC to modulate glucose homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of GR-activated transcription of genes involved in glucose metabolism and how hepatic GR primary target genes participate in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. Transcriptional coregulators involved in GR-regulated transcription of glucose metabolism genes and signaling pathways specifically activated upon chronic GC exposure to induce glucose disorders are introduced. Metabolic profiles of liver-specific GR knockout mice are also reviewed. Finally, individual-specific GC responses and mechanisms underlying these phenomena are discussed. Overall, more extensive studies of the mechanisms of GR-regulated hepatic glucose homeostasis not only will expand our knowledge of the regulation of metabolic homeostasis but are also critical for developing improved GC pharmacotherapy and novel approaches to tackle metabolic disorders by targeting GR.","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":" ","pages":"52-74"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144947153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Adipose Tissue Biology. 脂肪组织生物学进展。

IF 23.9 1区医学

Endocrine reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaf032

Silvia Corvera, Akhila Rajan, Kristy L Townsend, Farnaz Shamsi, Jun Wu, Katrin J Svensson, Lori M Zeltser, Sheila Collins, Tânia Reis, Yu-Hua Tseng, Laurie J Goodyear

引用次数: 0