Endocrine reviews最新文献

{"title":"Hippo Signaling in the Ovary: Emerging Roles in Development, Fertility, and Disease.","authors":"Kendra L Clark,&nbsp;Jitu W George,&nbsp;Emilia Przygrodzka,&nbsp;Michele R Plewes,&nbsp;Guohua Hua,&nbsp;Cheng Wang,&nbsp;John S Davis","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnac013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnac013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging studies indicate that the Hippo pathway, a highly conserved pathway that regulates organ size control, plays an important role in governing ovarian physiology, fertility, and pathology. Specific to the ovary, the spatiotemporal expression of the major components of the Hippo signaling cascade are observed throughout the reproductive lifespan. Observations from multiple species begin to elucidate the functional diversity and molecular mechanisms of Hippo signaling in the ovary in addition to the identification of interactions with other signaling pathways and responses to various external stimuli. Hippo pathway components play important roles in follicle growth and activation, as well as steroidogenesis, by regulating several key biological processes through mechanisms of cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and cell fate determination. Given the importance of these processes, dysregulation of the Hippo pathway contributes to loss of follicular homeostasis and reproductive disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian insufficiency, and ovarian cancers. This review highlights what is currently known about the Hippo pathway core components in ovarian physiology, including ovarian development, follicle development, and oocyte maturation, while identifying areas for future research to better understand Hippo signaling as a multifunctional pathway in reproductive health and biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 6","pages":"1074-1096"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9485919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on Biology and Genomics of Adrenocortical Carcinomas: Rationale for Emerging Therapies.","authors":"Antonio Marcondes Lerario,&nbsp;Dipika R Mohan,&nbsp;Gary D Hammer","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnac012","DOIUrl":"10.1210/endrev/bnac012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The adrenal glands are paired endocrine organs that produce steroid hormones and catecholamines required for life. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and often fatal cancer of the peripheral domain of the gland, the adrenal cortex. Recent research in adrenal development, homeostasis, and disease have refined our understanding of the cellular and molecular programs controlling cortical growth and renewal, uncovering crucial clues into how physiologic programs are hijacked in early and late stages of malignant neoplasia. Alongside these studies, genome-wide approaches to examine adrenocortical tumors have transformed our understanding of ACC biology, and revealed that ACC is composed of distinct molecular subtypes associated with favorable, intermediate, and dismal clinical outcomes. The homogeneous transcriptional and epigenetic programs prevailing in each ACC subtype suggest likely susceptibility to any of a plethora of existing and novel targeted agents, with the caveat that therapeutic response may ultimately be limited by cancer cell plasticity. Despite enormous biomedical research advances in the last decade, the only potentially curative therapy for ACC to date is primary surgical resection, and up to 75% of patients will develop metastatic disease refractory to standard-of-care adjuvant mitotane and cytotoxic chemotherapy. A comprehensive, integrated, and current bench-to-bedside understanding of our field's investigations into adrenocortical physiology and neoplasia is crucial to developing novel clinical tools and approaches to equip the one-in-a-million patient fighting this devastating disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 6","pages":"1051-1073"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9451240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peptidergic G Protein-Coupled Receptor Regulation of Adrenal Function: Bench to Bedside and Back.","authors":"Livia Lenzini,&nbsp;Brasilina Caroccia,&nbsp;Teresa Maria Seccia,&nbsp;Gian Paolo Rossi","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnac011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnac011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An altered secretion of adrenocortical and adrenomedullary hormones plays a role in the clinical syndromes of primary aldosteronism (PA), Cushing, and pheochromocytoma. Moreover, an altered production of adrenocortical hormones and/or an abnormal release of factors by the adrenal medulla are involved in several other diseases, including high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, primary reninism, renovascular hypertension, Addison disease, Bartter, Gitelman, and virilization syndromes. Understanding the regulation of adrenal function and the interactions between adrenal cortex and medulla is, therefore, the prerequisite for mechanistic understanding of these disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates that the modulation of adrenal hormone biosynthesis is a process far more complex than originally thought, as it involves several factors, each cooperating with the other. Moreover, the tight vascular and neural interconnections between the adrenal cortex and medulla underlie physiologically relevant autocrine/paracrine interactions involving several peptides. Besides playing a pathophysiological role in common adrenal diseases, these complex mechanisms could intervene also in rare diseases, such as pheochromocytoma concomitant with adrenal Cushing or with PA, and PA co-occurring with Cushing, through mechanisms that remain to be fully understood at the molecular levels. Heterodimerization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) induced by peptide signaling is a further emerging new modulatory mechanism capable of finely tuning adrenal hormones synthesis and release. In this review we will examine current knowledge on the role of peptides that act via GPCRs in the regulation of adrenal hormone secretion with a particular focus on autocrine-paracrine signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 6","pages":"1038-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10398636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deconstructing a Syndrome: Genomic Insights Into PCOS Causal Mechanisms and Classification.","authors":"Matthew Dapas, Andrea Dunaif","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnac001","DOIUrl":"10.1210/endrev/bnac001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common disorders in women of reproductive age, affecting up to 15% worldwide, depending on the diagnostic criteria. PCOS is characterized by a constellation of interrelated reproductive abnormalities, including disordered gonadotropin secretion, increased androgen production, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. It is frequently associated with insulin resistance and obesity. These reproductive and metabolic derangements cause major morbidities across the lifespan, including anovulatory infertility and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite decades of investigative effort, the etiology of PCOS remains unknown. Familial clustering of PCOS cases has indicated a genetic contribution to PCOS. There are rare Mendelian forms of PCOS associated with extreme phenotypes, but PCOS typically follows a non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance consistent with a complex genetic architecture, analogous to T2D and obesity, that reflects the interaction of susceptibility genes and environmental factors. Genomic studies of PCOS have provided important insights into disease pathways and have indicated that current diagnostic criteria do not capture underlying differences in biology associated with different forms of PCOS. We provide a state-of-the-science review of genetic analyses of PCOS, including an overview of genomic methodologies aimed at a general audience of non-geneticists and clinicians. Applications in PCOS will be discussed, including strengths and limitations of each study. The contributions of environmental factors, including developmental origins, will be reviewed. Insights into the pathogenesis and genetic architecture of PCOS will be summarized. Future directions for PCOS genetic studies will be outlined.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 6","pages":"927-965"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10580308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothalamic-Pituitary and Other Endocrine Surveillance Among Childhood Cancer Survivors.","authors":"Laura van Iersel,&nbsp;Renee L Mulder,&nbsp;Christian Denzer,&nbsp;Laurie E Cohen,&nbsp;Helen A Spoudeas,&nbsp;Lillian R Meacham,&nbsp;Elaine Sugden,&nbsp;Antoinette Y N Schouten-van Meeteren,&nbsp;Eelco W Hoving,&nbsp;Roger J Packer,&nbsp;Gregory T Armstrong,&nbsp;Sogol Mostoufi-Moab,&nbsp;Aline M Stades,&nbsp;Dannis van Vuurden,&nbsp;Geert O Janssens,&nbsp;Cécile Thomas-Teinturier,&nbsp;Robert D Murray,&nbsp;Natascia Di Iorgi,&nbsp;Sebastian J C M M Neggers,&nbsp;Joel Thompson,&nbsp;Andrew A Toogood,&nbsp;Helena Gleeson,&nbsp;Cecilia Follin,&nbsp;Edit Bardi,&nbsp;Lilibeth Torno,&nbsp;Briana Patterson,&nbsp;Vera Morsellino,&nbsp;Grit Sommer,&nbsp;Sarah C Clement,&nbsp;Deokumar Srivastava,&nbsp;Cecilie E Kiserud,&nbsp;Alberto Fernandez,&nbsp;Katrin Scheinemann,&nbsp;Sripriya Raman,&nbsp;Kevin C J Yuen,&nbsp;W Hamish Wallace,&nbsp;Louis S Constine,&nbsp;Roderick Skinner,&nbsp;Melissa M Hudson,&nbsp;Leontien C M Kremer,&nbsp;Wassim Chemaitilly,&nbsp;Hanneke M van Santen","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnab040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocrine disorders in survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancers are associated with substantial adverse physical and psychosocial effects. To improve appropriate and timely endocrine screening and referral to a specialist, the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG) aims to develop evidence and expert consensus-based guidelines for healthcare providers that harmonize recommendations for surveillance of endocrine disorders in CAYA cancer survivors. Existing IGHG surveillance recommendations for premature ovarian insufficiency, gonadotoxicity in males, fertility preservation, and thyroid cancer are summarized. For hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) dysfunction, new surveillance recommendations were formulated by a guideline panel consisting of 42 interdisciplinary international experts. A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE (through PubMed) for clinically relevant questions concerning HP dysfunction. Literature was screened for eligibility. Recommendations were formulated by drawing conclusions from quality assessment of all evidence, considering the potential benefits of early detection and appropriate management. Healthcare providers should be aware that CAYA cancer survivors have an increased risk for endocrine disorders, including HP dysfunction. Regular surveillance with clinical history, anthropomorphic measures, physical examination, and laboratory measurements is recommended in at-risk survivors. When endocrine disorders are suspected, healthcare providers should proceed with timely referrals to specialized services. These international evidence-based recommendations for surveillance of endocrine disorders in CAYA cancer survivors inform healthcare providers and highlight the need for long-term endocrine follow-up care in subgroups of survivors and elucidate opportunities for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"794-823"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10741091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Metabolic Role and Therapeutic Potential of the Microbiome.","authors":"Louise E Olofsson,&nbsp;Fredrik Bäckhed","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnac004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnac004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We are host to an assembly of microorganisms that vary in structure and function along the length of the gut and from the lumen to the mucosa. This ecosystem is collectively known as the gut microbiota and significant efforts have been spent during the past 2 decades to catalog and functionally describe the normal gut microbiota and how it varies during a wide spectrum of disease states. The gut microbiota is altered in several cardiometabolic diseases and recent work has established microbial signatures that may advance disease. However, most research has focused on identifying associations between the gut microbiota and human diseases states and to investigate causality and potential mechanisms using cells and animals. Since the gut microbiota functions on the intersection between diet and host metabolism, and can contribute to inflammation, several microbially produced metabolites and molecules may modulate cardiometabolic diseases. Here we discuss how the gut bacterial composition is altered in, and can contribute to, cardiometabolic disease, as well as how the gut bacteria can be targeted to treat and prevent metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"907-926"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9512151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10741592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Derangements and the Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Cushing's Syndrome.","authors":"Lynnette K Nieman","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnab046","DOIUrl":"10.1210/endrev/bnab046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) is associated with morbidities (diabetes, hypertension, clotting disorders) and shortens life because of infections, pulmonary thromboembolism, and cardiovascular disease. Its clinical presentation is immensely variable, and diagnosis and treatment are often delayed. Thus, there are many opportunities for basic and clinical research leading to better tests, faster diagnosis, and optimized medical treatments. This review focuses on CS caused by excessive adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) production. It describes current concepts of the regulation of ACTH synthesis and secretion by normal corticotropes and mechanisms by which dysregulation occurs in corticotrope (termed \"Cushing's disease\") and noncorticotrope (so-called ectopic) ACTH-producing tumors. ACTH causes adrenal gland synthesis and pulsatile release of cortisol; the excess ACTH in these forms of CS leads to the hypercortisolism of endogenous CS. Again, the differences between healthy individuals and those with CS are highlighted. The clinical presentations and their use in the interpretation of CS screening tests are described. The tests used for screening and differential diagnosis of CS are presented, along with their relationship to cortisol dynamics, pathophysiology, and negative glucocorticoid feedback regulation in the two forms of ACTH-dependent CS. Finally, several gaps in current understanding are highlighted in the hope of stimulating additional research into this challenging disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"852-877"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9512149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10392040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem Cells and Organs-on-chips: New Promising Technologies for Human Infertility Treatment.","authors":"Eisa Tahmasbpour Marzouni,&nbsp;Catharyn Stern,&nbsp;Andrew Henrik Sinclair,&nbsp;Elena Jane Tucker","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnab047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Having biological children remains an unattainable dream for most couples with reproductive failure or gonadal dysgenesis. The combination of stem cells with gene editing technology and organ-on-a-chip models provides a unique opportunity for infertile patients with impaired gametogenesis caused by congenital disorders in sex development or cancer survivors. But how will these technologies overcome human infertility? This review discusses the regenerative mechanisms, applications, and advantages of different types of stem cells for restoring gametogenesis in infertile patients, as well as major challenges that must be overcome before clinical application. The importance and limitations of in vitro generation of gametes from patient-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) will be discussed in the context of human reproduction. The potential role of organ-on-a-chip models that can direct differentiation of hiPSC-derived primordial germ cell-like cells to gametes and other reproductive organoids is also explored. These rapidly evolving technologies provide prospects for improving fertility to individuals and couples who experience reproductive failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"878-906"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10452366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinical Update on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Arianne Sweeting, Jencia Wong, Helen R Murphy, Glynis P Ross","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnac003","DOIUrl":"10.1210/endrev/bnac003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) traditionally refers to abnormal glucose tolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. GDM has long been associated with obstetric and neonatal complications primarily relating to higher infant birthweight and is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for future maternal and offspring cardiometabolic disease. The prevalence of GDM continues to rise internationally due to epidemiological factors including the increase in background rates of obesity in women of reproductive age and rising maternal age and the implementation of the revised International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups' criteria and diagnostic procedures for GDM. The current lack of international consensus for the diagnosis of GDM reflects its complex historical evolution and pragmatic antenatal resource considerations given GDM is now 1 of the most common complications of pregnancy. Regardless, the contemporary clinical approach to GDM should be informed not only by its short-term complications but also by its longer term prognosis. Recent data demonstrate the effect of early in utero exposure to maternal hyperglycemia, with evidence for fetal overgrowth present prior to the traditional diagnosis of GDM from 24 weeks' gestation, as well as the durable adverse impact of maternal hyperglycemia on child and adolescent metabolism. The major contribution of GDM to the global epidemic of intergenerational cardiometabolic disease highlights the importance of identifying GDM as an early risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, broadening the prevailing clinical approach to address longer term maternal and offspring complications following a diagnosis of GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"763-793"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9512153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10452403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New and Consolidated Therapeutic Options for Pubertal Induction in Hypogonadism: In-depth Review of the Literature.","authors":"Silvia Federici,&nbsp;Giovanni Goggi,&nbsp;Richard Quinton,&nbsp;Luca Giovanelli,&nbsp;Luca Persani,&nbsp;Biagio Cangiano,&nbsp;Marco Bonomi","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnab043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delayed puberty (DP) defines a retardation of onset/progression of sexual maturation beyond the expected age from either a lack/delay of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis activation or a gonadal failure. DP usually gives rise to concern and uncertainty in patients and their families, potentially affecting their immediate psychosocial well-being and also creating longer term psychosexual sequelae. The most frequent form of DP in younger teenagers is self-limiting and may not need any intervention. Conversely, DP from hypogonadism requires prompt and specific treatment that we summarize in this review. Hormone therapy primarily targets genital maturation, development of secondary sexual characteristics, and the achievement of target height in line with genetic potential, but other key standards of care include body composition and bone mass. Finally, pubertal induction should promote psychosexual development and mitigate both short- and long-term impairments comprising low self-esteem, social withdrawal, depression, and psychosexual difficulties. Different therapeutic options for pubertal induction have been described for both males and females, but we lack the necessary larger randomized trials to define the best approaches for both sexes. We provide an in-depth and updated literature review regarding therapeutic options for inducing puberty in males and females, particularly focusing on recent therapeutic refinements that better encompass the heterogeneity of this population, and underlining key differences in therapeutic timing and goals. We also highlight persistent shortcomings in clinical practice, wherein strategies directed at \"the child with delayed puberty of uncertain etiology\" risk being misapplied to older adolescents likely to have permanent hypogonadism.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":"43 5","pages":"824-851"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10382940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}