Emerging Contaminants最新文献

{"title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in soil: Sources, impacts and myco-remediation strategies","authors":"Moharana Choudhury ,&nbsp;Manab Deb Adhikari ,&nbsp;Sangita Agarwal ,&nbsp;Palas Samanta ,&nbsp;Anu Sharma ,&nbsp;Debajyoti Kundu ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioremediation is an effective and sustainable method for removing xenobiotic pollutants from the environment, utilizing microorganisms and plants to metabolize harmful chemicals into harmless compounds like CO₂ and water. Among various bioremediation strategies, mycoremediation stands out due to the unique enzymatic capabilities and metabolic diversity of fungi, enabling them to degrade persistent and toxic pollutants under harsh environmental conditions. This review specifically addresses the application of mycoremediation to emerging contaminants pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) which pose significant environmental challenges due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and ecotoxicity.</div><div>This article provides a comprehensive overview of fungal-based strategies for PPCP remediation, documenting the fate, distribution, and impacts of these contaminants in soil. It highlights the enzymatic mechanisms and fungal species involved in PPCP degradation, with an emphasis on their ecological resilience and pollutant-specific adaptability. Additionally, the review explores under-discussed factors influencing fungal efficacy, such as pH, temperature, and contaminant concentration, alongside innovative advancements like myco-nanotechnology and enzyme engineering that enhance remediation efficiency.</div><div>By integrating these aspects with policy perspectives and sustainable development goals, this review contributes novel insights into the potential of mycoremediation as a cutting-edge approach for mitigating PPCP contamination. It underscores the role of fungi in advancing circular economy principles and offers a foundation for future research and practical applications in environmental management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100488"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organophosphate ester contamination in long-term plasticulture soils: Co-occurrence of tri/di-OPEs, influence factors, source Attribution, and environmental risks","authors":"Yangyang Liu ,&nbsp;Yuting Ren ,&nbsp;Huijie Dang ,&nbsp;Mengfei Liu ,&nbsp;Ke Hu ,&nbsp;Ang Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxia Yang ,&nbsp;Chao Wei ,&nbsp;Jianzhong Xu ,&nbsp;Mei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on the pollution characteristics, influencing factors, and source apportionment of organophosphate triesters (tri-OPEs) and diesters (di-OPEs) in the plastic greenhouses soils with cultivation periods ranging from 6 to 32 years. The concentrations of Σ₁₃tri-OPEs and Σ₅di-OPEs in soil samples ranged from 39.60 to 730.52 ng/g dw and 2.25–6.94 ng/g dw, respectively. Tris (chloroethyl) phosphate was the predominant tri-OPE, while dibutyl phosphate was the most abundant di-OPE. The levels of OPEs pollution increased with the age of mulch film, highlighting the impact of the duration of mulch film usage on OPE accumulation. The type of fertilizer significantly impacted OPE levels. Soil samples treated with compound fertilizers showed the highest concentration of tri-OPEs, reaching up to 205.32 ng/g dry weight. In contrast, the highest concentration of di-OPEs was found in soil samples treated with water-soluble fertilizers, with a peak of 3.89 ng/g dry weight. Total organic carbon, pH, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus had minimal effect on OPEs levels. According to the Positive Matrix Factorization Model, the primary sources of OPEs included the use of pesticides, food packaging materials, and small-scale machinery (48.39 %), water and reclaimed water irrigation (17.68 %), the utilization of agricultural films (17.39 %), and atmospheric deposition and degradation processes (16.54 %). Compared to the moderate risks associated with compounds such as tri-2-ethyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, tris(chloroethyl) phosphate exhibited a higher risk level in soil samples. This study offers insights into the potential risks linked to OPE contamination in agricultural soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100487"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on the combined toxicological effects of microplastics and their attached pollutants","authors":"Mengzhen Li ,&nbsp;Wenhao Ma ,&nbsp;James Kar Hei Fang ,&nbsp;Jiezhang Mo ,&nbsp;Lei Li ,&nbsp;Min Pan ,&nbsp;Rong Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Zeng ,&nbsp;Keng Po Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an emerging environmental pollutant, microplastics (MPs) can adsorb various contaminants, including heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This ability stems from their small size and high specific surface area. Once adsorbed, the adherents can act in combination with MPs to produce synergistic toxic effects when they enter organisms through MPs, exacerbating their toxicity when introduced into organisms. This review examines the toxicological effects of the combination of different MPs and environmental pollutants on terrestrial and marine invertebrates, vertebrates, and microorganisms. In conclusion, the combined toxicological effects of MPs and their attachment to organisms are complex and multilayered. Existing studies have identified certain underlying mechanisms, underscoring the need for societies and governments to account for the combined toxic effects of MPs and their associated pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100486"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological perspectives on emerging contaminants and gout or hyperuricemia","authors":"Weiwen Fu ,&nbsp;Yangyi Guang ,&nbsp;Zixing Zhang ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinyu Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, there has been a global rise in the burden of hyperuricemia and gout, attributed to socio-economic development and rapid urbanization. Emerging contaminants (ECs), associated with industrialization, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), pesticides, heavy metals, and microplastics (MPs). These contaminants may potentially exacerbate the prevalence and incidence of hyperuricemia and gout through various pathways. In this review, we outline the recent epidemiologic studies between ECs and hyperuricemia and gout and discuss the common exposure pathways of ECs, aiming to inform strategies for reducing exposure and mitigating future health impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100485"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted and non-targeted LC-MS analysis of microcystins in Clarias gariepinus from fishponds","authors":"Odo J. Bassey ,&nbsp;Munyaradzi Mujuru ,&nbsp;Mulalo I. Mutoti ,&nbsp;Adeeyo Adeyemi ,&nbsp;Farai Dondofema ,&nbsp;Jabulani Ray Gumbo","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyanotoxins produced by cyanobacteria are formidable threats to aquatic ecosystems and public health worldwide. The potential health risks associated with cyanotoxins from contaminated fishponds are becoming a growing concern, as cyanotoxin production has steadily increased over time in these aquatic environments. Therefore, this study aims to utilize targeted and non-targeted Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS) analytical methods to detect cyanotoxins in catfish (<em>Clarias gariepinus</em>) tissue harvested from fishponds. For detecting cyanotoxins in fish tissue utilizing the non-targeted approach, high-resolution MS/MS spectra data obtained from the analysis were converted to mzML format, analyzed with the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) Library and CANOPUS annotations for LEVEL 3 metabolite identification, and visualized as a molecular network in Cytoscape. Regarding the targeted method, the toxin identification and quantification were achieved by comparing samples spiked with known concentrations of MC-RR and YR to an authentic toxin standard. The results of the target analysis showed that microcystin variant MC-RR was not detected in the fish tissue. The MC-YR variant was detected in the intestines and gills of <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> at concentrations of 13.2–10.6 μg/g and 1.5–13.9 μg/g, respectively. The muscle tissues across all fish ponds showed MC-YR concentrations between 10.5 and 16.06 μg/g. The highest concentration of MC-YR was found in the liver tissue in pond 6 (20.9 μg/g). The untargeted LC-MS method led to the identification of a larger number of cyanometabolites in the fish tissue, such as aeruginosins, anabaenopeptins, microginins. Non-toxic secondary metabolites like octadecadienoic acid, while phosphocholine (PC), ethanesulfonic acid, pheophorbide A, microcolins, cholic acid, phenylalanine, amyl amine and phosphocholine (PC), triglyceride (TG), phosphocholine (PC) and sulfonic acid derieved from cyanobacteria, fish and anthropogenic sources were also detected in the fish tissues. The non-targeted analysis facilitates the identification of both unexpected and unknown compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100484"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure assessment of 113 exogenous chemicals simultaneously in serum samples from children in north Shandong, China, and their association with sex, age, and body mass index","authors":"Fenghong Zhang ,&nbsp;Danyang Wang ,&nbsp;Mengxue Zhi,&nbsp;Jianshe Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Children are particularly vulnerable to adverse effects from exposure to environmental chemicals, necessitating comprehensive assessment to mitigate health risks. In this study, we analyzed 477 serum samples from children aged 2–6 years in North Shandong, China, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to create an exposure profile of 184 exogenous chemicals. These chemicals encompass pesticides, pharmaceuticals, industrial and consumer chemicals, and food additives. Of these, 113 exogenous chemicals were identified above the limit of detection in the serum of at least one child participant, and 37 were detected in more than 30 % of the children. Notably, 17 of the 24 selected perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were detected. PFOA, PFBA, and PFHxS exhibited the highest concentrations, with geometric means of 38.11 ng/mL, 17.39 ng/mL, and 7.35 ng/mL, respectively. The elevated levels of short-chain PFBA suggests increased production and environmental release in recent years. Analysis of sex-based differences revealed significant differences in the serum levels of 11 chemicals, with nine compounds displaying higher concentrations in girls than in boys. Notably, long-chain PFAS, including PFUnDA, PFDA, and PFTrDA, were present at higher concentrations in girls, while short-chain PFHpA and PFBS were higher in boys. Additionally, serum levels of diphenyl phosphate and fipronil sulfone declined slightly with age, indicating heightened exposure risk during early childhood. Positive associations between monoethyl phthalate and fipronil sulfone concentrations with BMI categories were observed, suggesting a potential obesogenic effect of these compounds. This study provides critical insights into the profiles of exogenous chemicals in young children and highlights the need for targeted risk assessment of environmental pollutants impacting pediatric health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100483"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil affected by urbanization at the urban-rural interface of Chengdu","authors":"Rong Liao ,&nbsp;Zeming Shi ,&nbsp;Ke Cheng ,&nbsp;Na Zhang ,&nbsp;Ge Jin ,&nbsp;Dewei Wang ,&nbsp;Kun Lin ,&nbsp;Lvhang Yang ,&nbsp;Kailiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Junji Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urbanization, particularly the transformation of agricultural land into urban areas, significantly impacts soil quality, especially concerning the concentration and distribution of heavy metals. This study investigates the spatial distribution of six heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Zn) in soils at the urban-rural interface of Chengdu, focusing on areas transitioning from agricultural land to urbanized land and back to agricultural land. The study analyzes the three-dimensional spatial distribution of heavy metals and assesses the impact of urbanization on soil contamination. It was found that the top 1-m soil layer exhibited higher concentrations of heavy metals compared to the bedrock and deeper soil layers. A combination of geochemical assessments, including the Ratio of Secondary Phase to Primary Phase (RSP) and the Risk Assessment Code (RAC), was used to evaluate the ecological risks posed by these metals. The findings indicate that Cd is the most hazardous contaminant, with contamination levels being particularly high in older urban areas (N2, Shuangliu) and at river confluences (N6, Huayang). Soils in the old urban area not only had a higher total amount of heavy metals but also had a higher proportion of its heavy metal exchangeable form. These areas face significant ecological risks, and the study suggests that targeted soil remediation strategies should be developed, with a focus on urban soil reclamation and risk mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100482"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity due to release of microplastic fibres from disposable face masks on marine diatom Chaetoceros sp. and the role of EPS in combating the toxic effects","authors":"B.Y. Neethudas ,&nbsp;Camil Rex M. ,&nbsp;P.K. Suresh ,&nbsp;Amitava Mukherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, disposable face masks have become a significant source of microplastic pollution in marine ecosystems. Diatoms, as primary producers are often used as model organism for aquatic toxicity assessments. Only a limited number of studies have examined the toxicity of mask leachate (ML) on diatoms. However, the toxicity mechanism of ML released at different time intervals is underexplored. Furthermore, the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in modulating ML toxicity is also poorly understood. To address these gaps, we investigated the toxicity of ML from three time intervals (1-day, 14-day, and 21-day) on the marine diatom <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp., finding that toxicity increased with time: 21-day ML &gt; 14-day ML &gt; 1-day ML. To assess the toxicity, we have estimated chlorophyll pigment levels, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde levels. Furthermore, the presence of heavy metals in the ML was analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Our results suggest that increased ROS production is a crucial mechanism of toxicity, while EPS reduces toxic effects compared to pristine ML. The interaction of EPS with ML was analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and 3D-Excitation Emission Matrix spectroscopy. Pearson correlation and heatmap were used to assess the correlations between toxicity endpoints. This study provides critical insights into the environmental impact of ML on marine diatoms and highlights the role of EPS in mitigating ML toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deep detoxification of tetrabromobisphenol a in a hybrid reactor system: Iron-based trimetallic and aerobic activated sludge methods","authors":"Chaoyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Weilong Xing ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Wen Gu ,&nbsp;Fenglin Li ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Liang ,&nbsp;Shuai Sun ,&nbsp;Deling Fan ,&nbsp;Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is prevalent in various environmental media and biological matrices, posing considerable ecological and health risks due to its endocrine-disrupting, immunotoxic, neurotoxic, and carcinogenic properties. In this study, we developed an advanced mineralization process for the efficient mineralization of TBBPA, utilizing a hybrid system that combines zero-valent iron (ZVI) technology with an aerobic activated sludge method. A trimetallic material, s-Fe⁰-Cu-Pd, was synthesized by stepwise deposition of copper and palladium onto ZVI to improve its catalytic efficiency in degrading TBBPA. Optimal conditions for TBBPA degradation, including Cu and Pd loading ratios, initial pH, trimetallic dosage, and TBBPA concentration, were systematically investigated. The s-Fe⁰-Cu-Pd catalyst demonstrated superior performance compared to conventional ZVI and bimetallic systems, achieving 97.93 % degradation of TBBPA within 60 min, with BPA identified as the primary degradation product. Subsequent aerobic activated sludge treatment facilitated the complete degradation of intermediate products, achieving a BPA degradation rate of 100 % within 10 h. Electrochemical analyses (CV, EIS, and LSV) and DFT calculations demonstrated enhanced redox activity and electron transfer efficiency of the s-Fe⁰-Cu-Pd. Comprehensive characterization (SEM, XRD, XPS, ESR) and macrogenomic analysis were employed to elucidate the chemical and biological degradation mechanisms and to propose potential degradation pathways. This study represents the first integration of ZVI-based trimetallic catalysts with aerobic activated sludge to enhance TBBPA degradation efficiency, offering a sustainable solution for mitigating the ecological risks associated with TBBPA contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of maternal Bisphenol A exposure on thyroid hormones and birth anthropometric outcomes: A repeated measures study","authors":"Iman Al-Saleh ,&nbsp;Rola Elkhatib ,&nbsp;Maha Alnemer ,&nbsp;Hesham Aldhalaan ,&nbsp;Mohamed Shoukri","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the effects of prenatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on maternal thyroid hormones and fetal growth outcomes within a cohort from Saudi Arabia. In this prospective study, 672 pregnant women provided 1957 urine samples, which were analyzed for BPA concentrations using UPLC-MS/MS throughout three trimesters. We recorded BPA detection rates and median concentrations, using mixed-effects models to examine the influence on maternal thyroid hormones, specifically free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Additionally, we explored the impact on fetal growth markers such as head circumference (HC) and placental weight (PWT) through multivariable regression, adjusting for confounders. Findings indicated that BPA was present in over 95 % of samples, with a notable decrease in median concentrations from the 1st to the 3rd trimester. Higher BPA exposure correlated with a 2.96 % increase in FT4 levels and a 14.58 % reduction in TSH in the top exposure quartile. Fetal growth analysis showed a decrease of 3.8 % in HC and 15.3 % in PWT associated with high first-trimester BPA levels. Furthermore, FT4 levels in the first and 2nd trimesters mediated the relationship between BPA exposure and fetal growth outcomes by 21.1 % for PWT and 19.1 % for HC, while gestational age mediated 12.1 % of the change in HC. The study highlights significant disruptions in thyroid function and detrimental effects on fetal development due to high BPA exposure, underscoring the need for rigorous monitoring and preventive measures during pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 2","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}