Energy Procedia最新文献_第7页

Supermarket Energy Use in the UK 英国超市能源使用

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.108

Maria Kolokotroni , Zoi Mylona , Judith Evans , Alan Foster , Rob Liddiard

引用次数: 14

Environmental sustainability issues in the food-energy-water nexus in the UK vegetables sector: Energy and water consumption 环境可持续性问题在食品-能源-水关系在英国蔬菜部门:能源和水的消耗

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.074

Angelina Frankowska, Harish Kumar Jeswani, Adisa Azapagic

引用次数: 12

Editorial to the Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Resource Use in Food Chains, ICSEF 2018, 17-19 October 2018, Paphos, Cyprus 第二届食品链可持续能源和资源利用国际会议论文集，ICSEF 2018, 2018年10月17-19日，塞浦路斯帕福斯

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.050

Savvas A. Tassou, Debarati Torrens, Giuseppe Bianchi, Konstantinos M. Tsamos

引用次数: 0

Bioelectricity production from fermentable household waste extract using a single chamber microbial fuel cell 利用单室微生物燃料电池从可发酵的生活垃圾提取物中生产生物电

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.051

Asimina Tremouli , Ioannis Karydogiannis , Pavlos K. Pandis , Konstantina Papadopoulou , Christos Argirusis , Vassilis N. Stathopoulos , Gerasimos Lyberatos

{"title":"Bioelectricity production from fermentable household waste extract using a single chamber microbial fuel cell","authors":"Asimina Tremouli , Ioannis Karydogiannis , Pavlos K. Pandis , Konstantina Papadopoulou , Christos Argirusis , Vassilis N. Stathopoulos , Gerasimos Lyberatos","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A four air-cathode single chamber membrane-less microbial fuel cell (MFC) was developed and used to produce energy when fed with fermentable household waste extract (FORBI; 0.8 g COD/L). The employment of MnO2 as the cathode catalyst at a loading of 89 mg /cm2, the use of food residue biomass (FORBI) and the single chamber design provided a maximum power output of 3.2 mW in 120 ml anolyte volume under Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) conditions in three batch operation cycles. The COD removal was over 78% for all operation cycles. The total resistance of the proposed design of the MFC was in the range of 12.21-12.78 Ω, which is significantly lower than the internal resistance of dual chamber MFCs. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy verified the values of the internal resistance and gave an insight in the electrochemical processes occurring in the MFC. Gradual development and stabilization of an active biofilm is recorded with FORBI as substrate, while the electrode charge transfer reaction remained stable during the batch cycles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11517,"journal":{"name":"Energy Procedia","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89466461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Ohmic and conventional drying of citrus products: energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions and nutritional properties 柑橘产品的欧姆和常规干燥:能源效率，温室气体排放和营养特性

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.076

Valentina Stojceska , James Atuonwu , Savvas A Tassou

{"title":"Ohmic and conventional drying of citrus products: energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions and nutritional properties","authors":"Valentina Stojceska , James Atuonwu , Savvas A Tassou","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of energy efficient technologies for dehydration of food materials without compromising final food product quality is gaining increased interest in the food industry. A promising dehydration-enhancing process step that has been applied in the food industry mainly for pasteurisation operations is Ohmic heating. This study investigated the use of Ohmic and conventional thermal heating for dewatering of two citrus products, orange and grapefruit. A number of analyses including electrical thermal conductivity (ETC), energy consumption, cost, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, moisture content, PH and Vitamin C levels were performed. The results revealed that there was a positive increase of the ETC over time in both samples, resulting in higher values of 70<sup>0</sup>C for the orange samples and 100<sup>0</sup>C for the grapefruit samples. The moisture content of the samples was significantly (P<0.05) reduced during Ohmic and thermal dehydration over time while no significant difference was detected in terms of pH and Vitamin C level. The analysis of energy consumption showed that thermal dehydration was between 3.5 and 5 times higher than Ohmic dehydration. Similar trend was observed in terms of cost and GHG emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11517,"journal":{"name":"Energy Procedia","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74847308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Numerical modelling and performance maps of a printed circuit heat exchanger for use as recuperator in supercritical CO2 power cycles 超临界CO2动力循环中用作回热器的印刷电路热交换器的数值模拟和性能图

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.068

Matteo Marchionni, Lei Chai, Giuseppe Bianchi, Savvas A. Tassou

{"title":"Numerical modelling and performance maps of a printed circuit heat exchanger for use as recuperator in supercritical CO2 power cycles","authors":"Matteo Marchionni, Lei Chai, Giuseppe Bianchi, Savvas A. Tassou","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In heat to power systems with CO<sub>2</sub> as working fluid in the supercritical state (sCO<sub>2</sub>), heat exchangers account for nearly 80% of the capital expenditure. Therefore, improved design, materials and manufacturing methodologies are required to enable the economic feasibility of the sCO<sub>2</sub> technology. In this study, a comparison of different modelling methodologies for Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers (PCHE) is proposed to identify strengths and weaknesses of both the approaches. The elementary heat transfer unit of a PCHE recuperator for sCO<sub>2</sub> applications is firstly modelled using 1D and 3D CFD methodologies respectively; implemented in GT-SUITE and ANSYS FLUENT software. After the comparison in terms of heat transfer performance and pressure drops, the 1D approach is used to model a 630kW PCHE recuperator. The PCHE model calibration on the design point, followed by its validation against off-design operating points provided by the manufacturer, eventually enabled to broaden the simulation spectrum and retrieve performance maps of the device. The CFD models comparison shows a good agreement between temperature profiles. However, the local heat transfer coefficient, modelled in the 1D approach through the Dittus-Boelter correlation, experiences a +10% offset on the hot side and a -20% on the cold one with respect to the 3D CFD calculations. Besides, the performance maps of the full scale PCHE recuperator show that the maximum temperature of the hot stream impose a greater influence than the maximum pressure of the cold one in terms of overall heat transfer coefficient. Nonetheless, both these operating parameters contribute to affect the heat exchanger effectiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11517,"journal":{"name":"Energy Procedia","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 472-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74959876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Vacuum insulation in cold chain equipment: A review 冷链设备中的真空绝缘:综述

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.086

Sankarshan Verma , Harjit Singh

{"title":"Vacuum insulation in cold chain equipment: A review","authors":"Sankarshan Verma , Harjit Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2017, 11.41 million refrigerators and 1.85 million freezers were sold in USA alone; each unit consuming approximately 500 kWh/year with an average life expectancy of 12 years. Traditionally, fridges and freezers have been insulated with polyurethane foam (thermal conductivity >0.020 W/m.K). There is a significant scope of reducing the heat gain by the cooled interior space from external environment by employing better insulation materials such as vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) than polyurethane foam. VIPs can achieve a thermal conductivity of <0.002 W/m.K. This paper presents an overview of heat transfer theory for VIPs and historical research into VIPs suitable for fridges, freezers and reefer trucks. A refrigerator with 56% of its external surface area covered with VIPs is reported to reduce the energy consumption by 21% compared to that consumed when using polyurethane foam. This means a potential energy saving of 1260 kWh<sub>p</sub> over the lifetime of a refrigerator and 5 billion kWh<sub>p</sub> if 25% of all fridges were VIP insulated. A proportionate reduction in the concomitant carbon emissions is predicted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11517,"journal":{"name":"Energy Procedia","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 232-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73130942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Differential scanning calorimetry based evaluation of 3D printed PLA for phase change materials encapsulation or as container material of heat storage tanks 基于差示扫描量热法的3D打印聚乳酸相变材料封装或作为储热罐容器材料的评价

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.088

Pavlos K. Pandis, Stamatoula Papaioannou, Maria K. Koukou, Michalis Gr. Vrachopoulos, Vassilis N. Stathopoulos

引用次数: 17

An investigation into sCO2 compressor performance prediction in the supercritical region for power systems 电力系统超临界区域sCO2压缩机性能预测研究

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.098

Samira Sayad Saravi, Savvas A. Tassou

{"title":"An investigation into sCO2 compressor performance prediction in the supercritical region for power systems","authors":"Samira Sayad Saravi, Savvas A. Tassou","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper focuses on predicting centrifugal compressor performance in the supercritical region of real gas. For this purpose, thermodynamic changes have been considered in the sub-regions of the supercritical space. It is known that some properties (e.g. compressibility or density) of supercritical fluids behave anomalously in a narrow temperature-pressure band, shaped by pseudocritical lines, which start at the critical point and extend to higher T and P values. To accurately predict the performance of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO<sub>2</sub>) turbomachinery, the fluid behavior, in three regions (liquid-like, pseudocritical and vapour-like) created by pseudocritical lines, should be considered. For this purpose, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is employed to calculate compressor performance in different regions of the supercritical space. The selected compressor geometry is the compressor impeller tested in the Sandia sCO<sub>2</sub> compression loop facility. The results illustrate that operating points in the liquid-like region achieve the highest pressure rise. In addition, fluctuations in two fluid properties, density and speed of sound, have been observed wherever their pseudocritical lines have been crossed. However, the reason for these variations needs more investigation. The study considers the sudden changes occurring in the supercritical region and should lead to more accurate prediction of compressor performance,.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11517,"journal":{"name":"Energy Procedia","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 403-411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80556634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Drying of olive leaves in a geothermal dryer and determination of quality parameters of dried product 橄榄叶在地热干燥机中的干燥及干燥产品质量参数的测定

Energy Procedia Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.065

H.U. Helvaci , A. Menon , L.Y. Aydemir , F. Korel , G.G. Akkurt

引用次数: 13