{"title":"Robotic Surgery Techniques to Improve Traditional Laparoscopy","authors":"Tovah Williamson, Sang-Eun Song","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2022.00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2022.00002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Laparoscopic instruments and techniques are constantly improving, as the ability to perform minimally invasive surgery is crucial in modern medicine. The progression from open surgery to minimally invasive surgery over the years eventually led to the use of robotic devices to either assist or completely replace patient-side surgery with a separate console. Though robotic surgery has been praised for its surgical outcomes, certain situations limit its use, such as cost-effectiveness or physical space constraints. The objectives of this review were to perform a search and discuss the trends in the literature. Methods: A literature search using keywords ((laparoscopic) OR (laparoscopy) OR (minimally invasive)) AND ((instrument) OR (instrumentation) OR (tool) OR (device) OR (apparatus)) AND ((advancement) OR (upgrade)) AND ((hysterectomy) OR (prostatectomy) OR (transoral) OR (cholecystectomy)) AND (robot) in PubMed, looking for trends in advancements or appeals for change. Results: This search provides a framework for these trends to facilitate discussion of ways in which laparoscopic surgery can be improved using the benefits of robotic surgical systems. This allows others to approach the successes of the current robotic systems for laparoscopic surgery with the intention of deriving advancements toward traditional laparoscopic surgery.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127505524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Haveman, Willem Jan van Weelden, E. A. Roovers, A. Kraayenbrink, F. Dijkhuizen
{"title":"Robot-Assisted Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in Different Classes of Obesity: A Cohort Study","authors":"I. Haveman, Willem Jan van Weelden, E. A. Roovers, A. Kraayenbrink, F. Dijkhuizen","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00077","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy is a safe and feasible approach in patients with higher body mass index (BMI). Slightly longer operating time in patients with high BMI did not result in higher complication or conversion rates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether robot-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy is a feasible and safe surgical approach in different classes of obesity. Methods: A single center retrospective cohort study was performed in a large secondary teaching hospital in the Netherlands. All patients who underwent robot-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy between January 1, 2011 and January 31, 2019 were included. Results: Data regarding patient characteristics, complication rate, conversion rate, skin-to-skin time, robot console time, and operating room time were collected. Surgery specific data were compared in patients with several classes of obesity. In total 356 cases were included. Median BMI was 29 kg/m2 (range 18 – 59). Complication rate and conversion to laparotomy did not differ significantly in different classes of obesity. Robot console time and skin-to-skin time was significantly longer in women with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 (n = 34) compared to patients with normal BMI. Conclusion: Robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy is a safe and feasible approach in women in different classes of obesity. The significantly prolonged operating time does not result in higher complication or conversion rates.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128346927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reference Hygiene and Death on the Internet – Decay, Rot, Half-Life, Deterioration, and Corruption","authors":"D. Ott","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00082","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: References for medical articles are not always retrievable. This eliminates the ability to check on the validity of statements, methodologies, data collection, and conclusions. Methods: References of review, scientific, and research articles published in the 2019 and 2020 Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons were evaluated for ability to retrieve the reference cited. Results: Ninety-five articles with 2,424 references were evaluated. There were 1,025 (1,025/2,424 = 42.3%) open access versus 1,399 (1,399/2,424 = 47.7%) paywall articles. There were 357 (14.7%) citations unavailable (misreference) due to bad, broken, or nonexistent links and wrong article, abstract or citation only, and missing citations. Conclusion: Loss of reference existence or retrievability is a scientific hazard. Science is self-correcting but is doomed to not knowing what was said or discovered when references are no longer available.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126334314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Lima, R. N. C. Lima, Caroline T. Dong, S. Morales-Conde, E. Parra Davila, D. C. dos Santos, F. Malcher
{"title":"The Influence of an Online Platform (Hernia U) in Surgical Education and Patient Management","authors":"D. Lima, R. N. C. Lima, Caroline T. Dong, S. Morales-Conde, E. Parra Davila, D. C. dos Santos, F. Malcher","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00085","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hernia U was created with the objective to expand the educational landscape of abdominal wall surgery. It is an online platform where surgeons can register with no cost and subscribe for different courses. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the platform on patient management and surgical education. Methods: A questionnaire regarding the influence of Hernia U in surgical education and patient management was emailed to professionals who had previously participated in any course of the Hernia U. Variables were shown with absolute and relative frequencies. Pearson’s χ2 and Fisher’s exact test were performed to analyze relationships between variables as appropriate. Results: Nine hundred three participants responded to the questionnaire. Seven hundred fifty-two (83.3%) were men; 248 (27.4%) participants were older than 50 years old; 240 (26.6%) were between 41 and 50 years old. Two hundred seventy-four (30.4%) participants had been in practice for more than 20 years, 242 (26.8%) between 11 and 20 years, and 161(17.8%) between 5 and 10 years. When analyzing the impact of time spent on the platform, spending over an hour per week was significantly associated with self-reported change in practice patterns compared to spending less than an hour per week (p < 0.0003). More experienced surgeons (10 or more years of practice) were less likely to change their practice patterns when compared to less experienced surgeons. Conclusion: Hernia U has allowed surgeons to change their daily practice and to boost their education. Surgeons spending more than one hour weekly in the platform are more likely to adopt changes.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130520370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aldohayan, R. AlSehli, Majed M Alosaimi, Abdulelah Almousa, Abdullah Alotaibi, Abdullah Zakaria Al-Dhayan, Abdurahman Zarea Alanazi, N. Aldohayan, A. Eldawlatly
{"title":"Preperitoneal Local Anesthesia Technique in Laparoscopic Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement","authors":"A. Aldohayan, R. AlSehli, Majed M Alosaimi, Abdulelah Almousa, Abdullah Alotaibi, Abdullah Zakaria Al-Dhayan, Abdurahman Zarea Alanazi, N. Aldohayan, A. Eldawlatly","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00093","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Peritoneal dialysis is an excellent treatment for end-stage renal disease. Peritoneal dialysis is more advantageous if the catheter is positioned laparoscopically with omentopexy. General anesthesia is required for laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter placement. General anesthesia is associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality in high-risk patients. In this retrospective study, the results of laparoscopic placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter under preperitoneal local anesthesia technique and sedation are presented for end-stage renal disease patients not fit for general anesthesia. Methods: We recruited 13 patients for laparoscopic placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter out of 99 end-stage renal disease patients who presented at a local tertiary hospital. The selection criteria were based on the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification III or above and patients unfit for general anesthesia. Results: Laparoscopic placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter was performed on 99 patients, and 13 patients were unfit for general anesthesia. Laparoscopic placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter and omentopexy were performed on these 13 patients together with capnoperitoneum, under preperitoneal local anesthesia technique and sedation. Three catheters were removed due to exit-site infection. One patient died after 2 years due to cardiac disease. The remaining patients continued with peritoneal dialysis. No omental entrapment, catheter migration, or other complications were encountered. Conclusion: Laparoscopic placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter under preperitoneal local anesthesia technique and sedation was successful for high-risk patients unfit for general anesthesia. This technique can be expanded for healthy patients to avoid general anesthesia complications, reduce costs, and speed recovery.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"16 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130765845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Horikawa, A. Horie, Shunsuke Kawahara, Masumi Sunada, Yoshitsugu Chigusa, K. Yamaguchi, J. Hamanishi, Eiji Kondo, M. Mandai
{"title":"Feasibility of Laparoscopic Para-Aortic Lymphadenectomy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer","authors":"N. Horikawa, A. Horie, Shunsuke Kawahara, Masumi Sunada, Yoshitsugu Chigusa, K. Yamaguchi, J. Hamanishi, Eiji Kondo, M. Mandai","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00096","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Radiological evaluation of para-aortic lymph node metastasis in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) possess the risk of missing microscopic metastasis. We commenced laparoscopic para-aortic lymphadenectomy (Lap-PAN) on patients with LACC for surgical staging in 2016. We assessed the feasibility of Lap-PAN in patients with LACC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 31 patients with LACC who were staged at International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009 IIB to IVA without enlargement of the para-aortic lymph nodes who underwent radiation therapy in our hospital between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2018. The postoperative outcomes of Lap-PAN were analyzed, and distinct parameters for each patient, including sites of recurrence and disease-free survival, were compared between the Lap-PAN (n = 12) and no surgery (n = 19) groups. Results: The average operation time for Lap-PAN was 167 min, and the estimated blood loss was less than 50 ml in all patients. There were no perioperative complications. The average number of excised lymph nodes was 25, and no pathological metastases were observed. There was no difference in disease-free survival rates between the Lap-PAN and no surgery groups (p = 0.42). During the follow-up period, there were two cases of recurrence in the cervix in the Lap-PAN group, and three and four cases of lung and para-aortic lymph node recurrence, respectively in the no-surgery group. Conclusions: Lap-PAN was safely performed as a pretherapeutic staging method for LACC without worsening patient prognosis. Although Lap-PAN requires a high level of skill, it may be a method to avoid excessive radiation for LACC.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121248233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baraa Kamal Ibrahim Mohamed, Juan S. Barajas-Gamboa, John H. Rodriguez
{"title":"Endoscopic Bariatric Therapies: Current Status and Future Perspectives","authors":"Baraa Kamal Ibrahim Mohamed, Juan S. Barajas-Gamboa, John H. Rodriguez","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00066","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease associated with multiple cardiometabolic conditions. The successful management of this condition includes a multidisciplinary approach with interventions focused on lifestyle modification, pharmaceutical therapies, and bariatric surgery. Endoscopic bariatric therapies (EBT) have been proposed as a way to bridge the gap between medical management and bariatric surgery. The Association for Bariatric Endoscopy in conjunction with the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy published the position statement approving and integrating EBT into practice. The aim of this article is to review the most common primary EBT’s, their indications, outcomes, and complications. Database: A medical literature review was conducted using the defined keywords. Databases included PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and EBSCO. Articles in English were considered for review from June 1, 2000 to June 30, 2021. Conclusion: Endoscopic bariatric therapies should be offered in conjunction with lifestyle modification and with nutritional guidance, as part of a multidisciplinary approach in obesity management. They require a formal training process for endoscopists and bariatric surgeons to obtain the endoscopic skills needed before performing these procedures. Longer follow-up and larger trials are needed to validate current evidence, in order to enhance the process of standardization of these techniques.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115383282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Azalia Avila, Megan A. Cibulas, S. Samuels, C. Gannon, O. Llaguna, I. Sucandy, S. Rayman, S. Ross, S. App, Joshua Ignatius, C. Syblis, K. Crespo, A. Rosemurgy, Vincent Butano, H. Jacoby, Jasmin Primus, Vincent Butano
{"title":"Abstracts of Presentations Made at MISWEEK 2022","authors":"Azalia Avila, Megan A. Cibulas, S. Samuels, C. Gannon, O. Llaguna, I. Sucandy, S. Rayman, S. Ross, S. App, Joshua Ignatius, C. Syblis, K. Crespo, A. Rosemurgy, Vincent Butano, H. Jacoby, Jasmin Primus, Vincent Butano","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2023.00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2023.00001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare condition in which there is mucin present in the peritoneal cavity. This condition is closely associated with the presence of either an appendiceal or an ovarian malignancy. The incidence is estimated to be 1 – 2 out of a million. 1 It is usually discovered at an advanced stage and severely impacts quality of life. 2 We present a case of pseudomyxoma peritonei in a 86yr old female, with no observable appendiceal or ovarian pathology. Case Presentation: An 86-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department (ED) of a rural hospital with a chief concern of abdominal bloating of insidious onset. She had undergone an abdominal paracentesis in Mexico five days prior","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134272460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luv N. Hajirawala, Varun Krishnan, C. Leonardi, Elyse R. Bevier-Rawls, G. Orangio, Kurt G. Davis, Aaron L. Klinger, Jeffrey S. Barton
{"title":"Minimally Invasive Surgery is Associated with Improved Outcomes Following Urgent Inpatient Colectomy","authors":"Luv N. Hajirawala, Varun Krishnan, C. Leonardi, Elyse R. Bevier-Rawls, G. Orangio, Kurt G. Davis, Aaron L. Klinger, Jeffrey S. Barton","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00075","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The use of minimally invasive techniques for urgent colectomies remains understudied. This study compares short-term outcomes following urgent minimally invasive colectomies to those following open colectomies. Methods & Procedures: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) colectomy database was queried between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2018. Patients who underwent elective and emergency colectomies, based on the respective NSQIP variables, were excluded. The remaining patients were divided into two groups, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and open. MIS colectomies with unplanned conversion to open were included in the MIS group. Baseline characteristics and 30-day outcomes were compared using univariable and multivariable regression analyses. Results: A total of 29,345 patients were included in the study; 12,721 (43.3%) underwent MIS colectomy, while 16,624 (56.7%) underwent open colectomy. Patients undergoing MIS colectomy were younger (60.6 vs 63.8 years) and had a lower prevalence of either American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) IV (9.9 vs 15.5%) or ASA V (0.08% vs 2%). After multivariable analysis, MIS colectomy was associated with lower odds of mortality (odds ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.61, 0.91 95% confidence interval), and most short-term complications recorded in the ACS NSQIP. While MIS colectomies took longer to perform (161 vs 140 min), the length of stay was shorter (12.2 vs 14.1 days). Conclusions: MIS colectomy affords better short-term complication rates and a reduced length of stay compared to open colectomy for patients requiring urgent surgery. If feasible, minimally invasive colectomy should be offered to patients necessitating urgent colon resection.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129367120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bedirli, A. Yavuz, K. Dikmen, Cagri Buyukkasap, Safa Ozaydin
{"title":"Robotic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Single Surgeon’s Experience with 527 Consecutive Patients","authors":"A. Bedirli, A. Yavuz, K. Dikmen, Cagri Buyukkasap, Safa Ozaydin","doi":"10.4293/JSLS.2021.00072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2021.00072","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Robotic bariatric surgery is increasingly adopted by surgeons. We present the surgical results of 527 consecutive patients who underwent robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) using the standard technique. Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was performed including 527 consecutive patients who underwent robotic RYGB between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2021. Results: The mean age of the patients was 41 years, with a male/female sex distribution of 143/384 (27.1%/72.9%). Type 2 diabetes in the pre-operative period was diagnosed in 31% of patients. The median pre-operative body mass index (BMI) was 44.6 kg/m2 (range, 35–64). The mean operation time was 134 min for robotic RYGB, including the docking process. Early (< 30 days) complications included ileus (0.2%), atelectasis (0.2%), thromboembolic (0.2%) events, and surgical-site infection (0.2%). No leakage or bleeding of the gastrojejunal and jejunojejunal anastomoses were recorded. Oral food intake was begun at 1.8 days on average. The average hospital stay was 2 days. Despite a range of BMI values, operation times and gastrojejunal anastomosis times did not show significant differences. There were no significant differences in mean operation time or mean gastrojejunal anastomosis time over the years. Conclusions: The robotic approach is effective and safe for patients undergoing RYGB. This technique provides satisfactory results with short-term surgical outcomes. However, the real benefits of robotic RYGB should be further evaluated by well-conducted randomized trials. Even in difficult cases with higher BMI values, optimal operation times and similar operative efficiency can be obtained if a standard operation technique is applied.","PeriodicalId":114569,"journal":{"name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoscopic & Robotic Surgeons","volume":"30 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123542963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}