{"title":"Is the Sky Falling? Grade Inflation and the Signaling Power of Grades.","authors":"Evangeleen Pattison, Eric Grodsky, Chandra Muller","doi":"10.3102/0013189X13481382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X13481382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grades are the fundamental currency of our educational system; they signal academic achievement and non-cognitive skills to parents, employers, postsecondary gatekeepers, and students themselves. Grade inflation compromises the signaling value of grades, undermining their capacity to achieve the functions for which they are intended. We challenge the 'increases in grade point average' definition of grade inflation and argue that grade inflation must be understood in terms of the <i>signaling power</i> of grades. Analyzing data from four nationally representative samples, we find that in the decades following 1972: (a) grades have risen at high schools and dropped at four-year colleges, in general, and selective four-year institutions, in particular; and (b) the signaling power of grades has attenuated little, if at all.</p>","PeriodicalId":11404,"journal":{"name":"Educational Researcher","volume":"42 5","pages":"259-265"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3102/0013189X13481382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32724642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing Early Literacy Skills: Things We Know We Know and Things We Know We Don't Know.","authors":"Christopher J Lonigan, Timothy Shanahan","doi":"10.3102/0013189X10369832","DOIUrl":"10.3102/0013189X10369832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11404,"journal":{"name":"Educational Researcher","volume":"39 4","pages":"340-346"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2010-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3268039/pdf/nihms337367.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30427124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Misunderstood statistical assumptions undermine criticism of the National Early Literacy Panel's Report.","authors":"Christopher Schatschneider, Christopher J Lonigan","doi":"10.3102/0013189X10369931","DOIUrl":"10.3102/0013189X10369931","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11404,"journal":{"name":"Educational Researcher","volume":"39 4","pages":"347-351"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2010-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3268038/pdf/nihms337369.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30427125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}