Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Variables that explain disordered eating behaviors among women: the mediating role of body dissatisfaction.","authors":"Karina Franco-Paredes, Felipe J Díaz-Reséndiz, María Angeles Peláez-Fernández, María Leticia Bautista-Díaz","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01626-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01626-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze the role of body dissatisfaction in the relationships of sociocultural influences, depression, and anxiety with disordered eating behaviors (DEB) in a sample of female Mexican university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nonrandom sample of 526 female Mexican university students aged 18 to 25 years completed the Questionnaire of Influence on the Aesthetic Model of Body Shape (CIMEC-26), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-8D) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through the mean model (χ²/df (5, n = 526) = 7.298, p = .199; NFI = .996; CFI = .999; RMSEA = .030; SRMR = .011), body dissatisfaction was found to mediate the relationships of influence of advertising, influence of social models and anxiety with DEB (restrictive dieting and bulimia). The variable with the most direct effect on restrictive dieting and bulimia was the influence of advertising. Body dissatisfaction partially mediated this relationship, as the influence of advertising had a significant direct effect on restrictive dieting and bulimia. The final model of direct and indirect effects explained 43% and 22% of the variance in restrictive dieting and bulimia, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed that body dissatisfaction partially mediated the relationships between influence of advertising, influence of social models, and anxiety with DEB among women. Thus, these variables should be taken into account in prevention and intervention programs targeting BED.</p><p><strong>Level v: </strong>Evidence obtained from a cross-sectional descriptive study.</p><p><strong>Level v: </strong>Evidence obtained from a cross-sectional descriptive study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10769902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139097563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary study: cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in adolescents with anorexia nervosa.","authors":"Léna Crevits, Catarina Silva, Flora Bat-Pitault","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01634-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01634-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Insomnia and anorexia nervosa (AN) are frequently comorbid, negatively affecting the evolution and the prognosis of AN. Within this framework, the management of sleep disorders appears as critical. The aim of this retrospective study is to assess, for the first time, the efficacy of cognitive and behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on sleep disturbances in adolescents with AN. To do so, we investigated the impact of CBT-I on sleep disturbances and sleep-related outcomes, in BMI, AN symptoms, anxiety and depressive symptoms, emotionality and quality of life. These features were compared between two groups of patients with AN, one following CBT-I, and the other receiving the regular treatment at the psychiatric unit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data collection occurred between January and May 2022. The study included 42 adolescents in-treatment at the Eating Disorders care specialised unit at Salvator Hospital in Marseille. They were randomly assigned to the CBT-I group (N = 31) or the control group (N = 11). Several clinical elements were assessed using sleep diaries and self-report questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants undergoing CBT-I showed a significant improvement in sleep latency, total wake time and sleep efficacy, as well as in physical well-being. No significant effects were found regarding AN symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These preliminary findings provide support for CBT-I effectiveness in adolescents with AN, as shown by significant improvements in several sleep parameters, as well as in physical well-being. These promising results, underline the relevance of this topic and its potential benefits for a more appropriate treatment for adolescents with AN.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level V, retrospective study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10766733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139097562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and measurement invariance of the Compulsive Exercise Test among Brazilian and American young adults.","authors":"Priscila Figueiredo Campos, Leslie D Frazier, Maurício Almeida, Pedro Henrique Berbert de Carvalho","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01627-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01627-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate compulsive exercise, researchers often rely on the widely used Compulsive Exercise Test (CET). However, the measure has shown unstable factor structure in several validation studies and is not available in Portuguese for use in Brazil. We aimed to describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the CET to Brazilian Portuguese, to test several factor structures among Brazilian and US samples of men and women, to test measurement invariance across countries, and to evaluate its internal consistency. Furthermore, we sought to evaluate convergent validity, correlating the CET with a measure of eating disorder symptoms, and to compare compulsive exercise symptoms between countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four models of the latent structure of the CET were tested using confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), three-factor structure with 15 items, three-factor structure with 18 items, four-factor structure with 21 items, and the original five-factor structure with 24 items, in a sample of 1,531 young adults (601 Brazilians and 930 Americans), aged 18-35 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A series of CFAs demonstrated that the three-factor structure with 15 items showed a better fit to the data. This model demonstrated good convergent validity and internal consistency. Results from the CET multigroup CFA showed evidence for the invariance at the configural, metric, and scalar levels across Brazilians and Americans. Furthermore, significant differences were found between Brazilians and Americans, with Brazilians demonstrating higher scores on the Avoidance and rule-driven behavior and Mood improvement subscales, whereas US participants scored higher on the Weight control exercise subscale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results support the three-factor structure with 15 items to be used as a measure of compulsive exercise among Brazilians and Americans, allowing cross-cultural comparisons between these countries.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level V, Cross-sectional, Psychometric study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10764460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANMCO (Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists) scientific statement: obesity in adults-an approach for cardiologists.","authors":"Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Edoardo Mocini, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Domenico Gabrielli, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva, Furio Colivicchi","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01630-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01630-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a complex, chronic disease requiring a multidisciplinary approach to its management. In clinical practice, body mass index and waist-related measurements can be used for obesity screening. The estimated prevalence of obesity among adults worldwide is 12%. With the expected further increase in overall obesity prevalence, clinicians will increasingly be managing patients with obesity. Energy balance is regulated by a complex neurohumoral system that involves the central nervous system and circulating mediators, among which leptin is the most studied. The functioning of these systems is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Obesity generally occurs when a genetically predisposed individual lives in an obesogenic environment for a long period. Cardiologists are deeply involved in evaluating patients with obesity. Cardiovascular risk profile is one of the most important items to be quantified to understand the health risk due to obesity and the clinical benefit that a single patient can obtain with weight loss. At the individual level, appropriate patient involvement, the detection of potential obesity causes, and a multidisciplinary approach are tools that can improve clinical outcomes. In the near future, we will probably have new pharmacological tools at our disposal that will facilitate achieving and maintaining weight loss. However, pharmacological treatment alone cannot cure such a complex disease. The aim of this paper is to summarize some key points of this field, such as obesity definition and measurement tools, its epidemiology, the main mechanisms underlying energy homeostasis, health consequences of obesity with a focus on cardiovascular diseases and the obesity paradox.Level of evidence V: report of expert committees.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10761446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the presence and motivations of orthorexia nervosa among athletes and adults with eating disorders: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mandy Foyster, Nessmah Sultan, Matilda Tonkovic, Andrew Govus, Helen Burton-Murray, Caroline J Tuck, Jessica R Biesiekierski","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01631-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01631-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Orthorexia nervosa involves restricting diet based on quality rather than quantity. Although orthorexia is well reported in many at-risk populations, limited data addresses its presence in individuals with eating disorder history (EDs) or athletes. We aimed to identify the presence and potential drivers of orthorexia in adults with EDs and endurance athletes, compared to control subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants ≥ 18y included: people with a diagnosed eating disorder (ED as per DSM-5); endurance athletes (training/competing ≥ 5 h/week); or control subjects. Participants (n = 197) completed an online survey assessing orthorexia (eating habits questionnaire, EHQ), eating motivations (TEMS-B) and compulsive exercise (CET).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ED had the highest orthorexia symptom severity (92.0 ± 3.02, n = 32), followed by athletes (76.2 ± 2.74, n = 54) and controls (71.0 ± 1.80, n = 111) (F (2) = 18.2, p < 0.001). A strong positive correlation existed between weight control motives and higher orthorexia symptom severity (r = 0.54, 95% CI [1.35, 2.36], p < 0.001), while a weak negative association existed between Hunger and Pleasure motives and higher orthorexia symptom severity (r = 0.23, 95% CI [- 2.24, - 0.34], p = 0.008; r = 0.26, 95% CI [- 2.11, - 0.47], p = 0.002, respectively). A moderate positive relationship was found between CET and orthorexia symptom severity (95% CI [1.52, 3.12], p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adults with ED history and endurance athletes have greater orthorexia symptom severity compared to control. Clinicians working with at-risk populations should screen patients and be aware of red-flags of orthorexic traits, desire to control weight, and compulsive exercise behavior.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>III: Evidence obtained from cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"28 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10710386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of binge eating disorder in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.","authors":"Lucia Brodosi, Michele Stecchi, Francesca Marchignoli, Elisabetta Lucia, Lucia Magnani, Valeria Guarneri, Maria Letizia Petroni, Giulio Marchesini, Loris Pironi","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01628-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01628-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Very few data exist on the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and eating disorders. The study aimed to evaluate the presence of binge eating disorder (BED), in MASLD subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Demographic, clinical investigation, anthropometric measurements and laboratory were collected in 129 patients with MASLD (34.1% males; age, 53.7 years; BMI, 34.4 kg/m²) addressed by general practitioners to a hospital-based unit of metabolic disorders. The risk of binge eating was tested by the binge eating scale (BES); values in the range 17-26 were considered \"possible\" BED, values > 26 were considered \"probable\" BED. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were tested by surrogate biomarkers and imaging (transient elastography). Calorie intake and lifestyle were self-assessed by questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Possible BED was present in 17.8% of cases, probable BED in another 7.6%, and were neither associated with gender, obesity class, diabetes, features of metabolic syndrome, nor with presence and severity of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Also steatosis grade by CAP and fibrosis stage by liver stiffness did not correlate with BES. However, an association was present between the daily caloric intake and \"possible\" BED (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.24; \"probable\" BED, 1.21; 1.07-1.37), after adjustment for confounders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Binge eating, as scored by BES, is present in a significant proportion of MASLD cases screened for metabolic disorders in a specialized center. It may impact behavioral treatment, reducing the chance of weight loss without systematic psychological support.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level III, cohort analytic study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"28 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10700210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138486994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liraglutide 3.0 mg and mental health: can psychiatric symptoms be associated to adherence to therapy? Insights from a clinical audit.","authors":"Silvia Tempia Valenta, Michele Stecchi, Federica Perazza, Chiara Nuccitelli, Nicola Villanova, Loris Pironi, Anna Rita Atti, Maria Letizia Petroni","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01625-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01625-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Liraglutide 3.0 mg, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, is a medication approved for obesity treatment. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychiatric symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and binge eating, and their impact on therapy adherence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A clinical audit was carried out on a cohort of 54 adults with obesity treated with liraglutide 3.0 mg. We retrospectively analyzed the connection between psychiatric symptoms assessed through the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Binge Eating Scale (BES). Adherence to therapy was assessed by the maximum dosage (MD) and treatment duration (TD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Notably, a discontinuation rate of 59% was encountered. However, among those who continued the treatment, we observed a negative association between anxiety symptoms (STAI score) and MD, depression symptoms (BDI score) and TD, and a higher likelihood of binge eating (BES score > 17) and TD. Moreover, presence of psychiatric symptoms did not compromise drug's effectiveness in achieving weight loss, which was 4.43% (± 5.5 SD) in the whole sample and 5.3% (± 6.3 SD) in the subgroup evaluated at 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed a high discontinuation rate in real-life clinical setting, where Liraglutide 3.0 therapy is paid out-of-pocket. While psychiatric symptoms might play a role in diminishing adherence to therapy, they do not prevent drug's effectiveness to promote weight loss. This finding underscores the potential advantages of liraglutide 3.0 mg therapy for individuals contending with obesity while simultaneously managing mental health challenges.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level V, descriptive studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"28 1","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10684642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138444220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep is the best medicine: assessing sleep, disordered eating, and weight-related functioning.","authors":"Rachel D Barnes, Brooke Palmer, Sheila K Hanson, Jessica L Lawson","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01610-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01610-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep quality is linked to disordered eating, obesity, depression, and weight-related functioning. Most research, however, has focused on clinical populations. The current study investigated relationships between sleep quality, disordered eating, and patterns of functioning in a community sample to better understand relationships among modifiable health behaviors. Participants (N = 648) recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk completed assessments of eating, depression, weight-related functioning, and sleep. Self-reported height and weight were used to calculate body mass index (M = 27.3, SD = 6.9). Participants were on average 37.6 years (SD = 12.3), primarily female (65.4%), and White, not Hispanic (72.7%). Over half of participants endorsed poor sleep quality, and average sleep scores were above the clinical cutoff for poor sleep quality. Sleep scores were significantly positively correlated with disordered eating, depression, and weight-related functioning, even after adjusting for age, body mass index, and sex. Multivariate regression models predicting weight-related functioning and depression showed that both sleep quality and disordered eating independently predicted depression. Sleep quality did not independently predict weight-related functioning; however, disordered eating did. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess sleep behaviors, disordered eating, and weight-related functioning in a community sample of weight diverse participants. Results indicate that most participants endorsed poor sleep quality, which was associated with disordered eating patterns, including binge eating and poorer weight-related functioning, even after controlling for body mass index, highlighting that this relationship exists across the weight spectrum. These results speak to the importance of health behavior assessment and intervention within nonclinical samples.Level of evidence Level III: evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"28 1","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10665232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138290649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the impact of structural modifications at the NNAT gene's post-translational acetylation site: in silico approach for predicting its drug-interaction role in anorexia nervosa.","authors":"Muhammad Bilal Azmi, Areesha Jawed, Syed Danish Haseen Ahmed, Unaiza Naeem, Nazia Feroz, Arisha Saleem, Kainat Sardar, Shamim Akhtar Qureshi, M Kamran Azim","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01618-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01618-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a neuropsychological public health concern with a socially disabling routine and affects a person's healthy relationship with food. The role of the NNAT (Neuronatin) gene in AN is well established. The impact of mutation at the protein's post-translational modification (PTM) site has been exclusively associated with the worsening of the protein's biochemical dynamics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To understand the relationship between genotype and phenotype, it is essential to investigate the appropriate molecular stability of protein required for proper biological functioning. In this regard, we investigated the PTM-acetylation site of the NNAT gene in terms of 19 other specific amino acid probabilities in place of wild type (WT) through various in silico algorithms. Based on the highest pathogenic impact computed through the consensus classifier tool, we generated 3 residue-specific (K59D, P, W) structurally modified 3D models of NNAT. These models were further tested through the AutoDock Vina tool to compute the molecular drug binding affinities and inhibition constant (Ki) of structural variants and WT 3D models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With trained in silico machine learning algorithms and consensus classifier; the three structural modifications (K59D, P, W), which were also the most deleterious substitution at the acetylation site of the NNAT gene, showed the highest structural destabilization and decreased molecular flexibility. The validation and quality assessment of the 3D model of these structural modifications and WT were performed. They were further docked with drugs used to manage AN, it was found that the ΔGbind (kcal/mol) values and the inhibition constants (Ki) were relatively lower in structurally modified models as compared to WT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We concluded that any future structural variation(s) at the PTM-acetylation site of the NNAT gene due to possible mutational consequences, will serve as a basis to explore its relationship with the propensity of developing AN.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>No level of evidence-open access bioinformatics research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"28 1","pages":"97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10663277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138175797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food stimuli decrease activation in regions of the prefrontal cortex related to executive function: an fNIRS study.","authors":"Chen Cheng, Yong Yang","doi":"10.1007/s40519-023-01623-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-023-01623-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Overweight/obese individuals show impairments in executive functions such as inhibitory control. However, the neural mechanisms underlying these disturbances-and specifically, whether or not they involve altered activation of the specific prefrontal cortex regions-are not yet fully understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The motivational dimensional model of affect suggests that high approach-motivated positive affect (e.g., desire) may impair executive function. In the present study, we investigated individual differences in neural responses to videos of food stimuli, and examined brain activity during a cognitive task in an approach-motivated positive state using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In Experiment 1, in 16 healthy young adults, we tested whether prefrontal cortex activation differed during a food video clip versus a neutral video clip. Then, after viewing each video clip, we tested for differences in executive function performance and prefrontal cortex activation during a Stroop task. Experiment 2 was the same, except that we compared 20 overweight/obese with 20 healthy young adults, and it incorporated only the food video clip.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>The results of both experiments indicated that food stimuli decrease activation in regions of the prefrontal cortex related to executive function. This study also suggests that overweight/obese might consciously suppress their responses to a desired stimulus, yet here it seems that effect was less pronounced than in healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level II, Cohort Studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"28 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10661783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138046633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}