Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and profiles of healthy orthorexia versus orthorexia nervosa: towards an explanatory model of orthorexia as a multidimensional eating style.","authors":"Marcin Rzeszutek, Joanna Kowalkowska, Małgorzata Dragan, Katarzyna Schier, Maja Lis-Turlejska, Paweł Holas, Katarzyna Drabarek, Angelika Van Hoy, Dominika Maison, Gabriela Wdowczyk, Elżbieta Litwin, Julia Wawrzyniak, Wiktoria Znamirowska, Szymon Szumiał, Małgorzata Desmond","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01694-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01694-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthorexia is a complex phenomenon comprising distinct dimensions, including orthorexia nervosa (ON) and healthy orthorexia (HO). However, little is known about the factors influencing these dimensions, their disparities, and the psychological factors underlying orthorexia behaviours.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to explore ON versus HO dimensions and the predictive role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in a nationally representative sample of Polish individuals. In addition, we aim to investigate the mediating roles of alexithymia, embodiment, and experiential avoidance levels in this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A representative sample of Polish adults (n = 3557) participated in this study. Dimensions of orthorexia (HO, ON) were assessed using the Teruel Orthorexia Scale, while ACEs were evaluated using the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire. Levels of alexithymia were measured using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, experiential avoidance through the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and embodiment intensity via the Experience of Embodiment Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cluster analysis identified two distinctive orthorexia profiles in the whole sample, i.e., HO (n = 469) and ON (n = 1217), alongside three intermediate HO/ON profiles (n = 1871). The number of ACEs predicted ON tendencies as opposed to HO behaviours in participants. The mediating role of alexithymia, experiential avoidance, and embodiment in the association between ACEs and ON was also observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that orthorexia is a multidimensional eating style shaped by socio-cultural factors. Adverse childhood experiences may be related to ON behaviours by mediating psychological factors such as experiential avoidance, alexithymia, and embodiment. Effective education and collaborative support are necessary for addressing ON tendencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in body dissatisfaction between individuals with and without stigma toward obesity: A study of preadolescents and adolescents.","authors":"Adriana Amaya-Hernández, Mayaro Ortega-Luyando, Juan Manuel Mancilla-Diaz, Georgina Alvarez-Rayón, Michelle Cruz-Navarro, Alejandro Pérez-Ortiz","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01693-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01693-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous studies have focused on understanding the biopsychosocial implications of obesity stigma and have made proposals to minimize its negative consequences, as well as recommendations to eliminate or reduce this stigma; however, knowing which individuals stigmatize obesity and why will allow us to have a broader picture of stigmatization and thus help in planning interventions with greater impact.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aims were to describe the stigmatization toward obesity in preadolescents and adolescents and to determine whether there are differences in body dissatisfaction, abnormal eating behaviors and self-esteem among those with and without stigma toward obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 307 preadolescents and 349 adolescents answered a set of questionnaires that evaluated abnormal eating behaviors, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem and stigma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-nine percent of the participants stigmatized individuals with obesity, with preadolescents having the greatest stigma levels. Differences were observed only in body dissatisfaction, where the group of preadolescents who stigmatized individuals with obesity and the group of adolescents who did not stigmatize individuals with obesity reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obesity is stigmatized at early ages, regardless of sex; however, preadolescents with stigma toward obesity and adolescents without stigma toward obesity have greater body dissatisfaction, indicating that body dissatisfaction plays a crucial role in the stigmatization of obesity.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level V, cross-sectional analytical study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized study of the effects of empagliflozin and topiramate dual therapy on anthropometric and metabolic indices in non-diabetic individuals with overweight/obesity on a calorie-restricted diet.","authors":"Behnaz Abiri, Amirhossein Ramezani Ahmadi, Farhad Hosseinpanah, Ali Valizadeh, Afshin Zarghi, Majid Valizadeh","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01692-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01692-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined use of empagliflozin (EMPA) and topiramate (TPM) versus a placebo in overweight/obese individuals without diabetes on a calorie-restricted diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 44 non-diabetic and overweight/obese subjects who were on a calorie restricted diet were randomly assigned into 2 groups: (1) Participants received a 10 mg EMPA tablet daily plus TPM tablet (at the 1st week 25 mg once a day and from the second week 25 mg twice a day); (2) Participants received an empagliflozin placebo (daily) plus a topiramate placebo (as mentioned for topiramate tablet in group 1), for 12 weeks. At baseline and weeks 4, 8, 12, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body composition were evaluated. Before and after the intervention, blood pressure, C reactive protein, and glucose and lipid profile parameters were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EMPA/TPM group, compared to placebo, had a greater percent change of weight at week 12 (- 8.92 ± 1.80 vs. - 4.93 ± 1.17). The intervention group had a greater percent change of fat mass and fat percent at week 12 (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the percent of change in fat-free percent between the two groups at week 12 (P = 0.577). Within-group analysis found a significant reduction in SBP, DBP, FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, LDL, HDL, TG, and CRP in both groups (P < 0.05). At week 12, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in any of mentioned variables (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In non-diabetic overweight/obese individuals, the combination of EMPA/TPM and calorie restriction led to a notable decrease in body weight and was generally well-tolerated. Further research is required to evaluate the potential advantages of utilizing this combination for sustained weight management in the long run.</p><p><strong>Level i: </strong>Randomized clinical trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embracing a different outlook: Strengths and goals of individuals currently in treatment for anorexia nervosa.","authors":"Kelly M Dann, Amy Harrison, Aaron Veldre, Phillipa Hay, Stephen Touyz","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01689-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01689-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Developing personal goals beyond weight and shape, and promoting the agency to pursue those goals, could aid in treatment and recovery from anorexia nervosa (AN). This research explores the strengths, interests and goals of individuals currently receiving treatment for AN and evaluates how treatment services are supporting them to work towards personal goals across all areas of everyday life.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 58 community-dwelling adults currently receiving treatment for anorexia nervosa at any stage of recovery completed the Client Assessment of Strengths, Interests and Goals Self-Report (CASIG-SR). Participants reported their goals for accommodation, work and study, interpersonal relationships, recreational activities, spirituality, religion or life purpose, physical health and mental health, and the personal strengths and supports needed to achieve those goals. Concordance scores were calculated between importance of personal goals and level of support from current services regarding these goals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Themes identified across goals, strengths and supports were Connection, Independence & Confidence, Meaning & Self: The Real Me, and Stability & Balance. Work and study goals and strengths were identified strongly. The key support needed was stability from the current treatment team to provide a stable base for change. Concordance scores indicate support provided for personal goals was less than the importance of the goal to the individual.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results suggest goals for everyday living are critical to recovery in anorexia nervosa. Specific clinical considerations to increase motivation and hope are increased access to peer support, a focus on increasing positive affect, supporting safe exercise and promoting outdoor experiences and connection with nature.</p><p><strong>Level iii: </strong>Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11447091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Past body shaming experiences and food and alcohol disturbance in young adults: indirect effects via psychological distress","authors":"Daniele Di Tata, Dora Bianchi, Franca Rossi, Laura Maria Fatta, Stefania Sette, Fiorenzo Laghi","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01687-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-024-01687-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study investigated the associations between retrospective reports of body image victimization (i.e. body shaming) perpetrated by peers and by parents during childhood or adolescence, and food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) in young adulthood, considering the possible mediating role of psychological distress (i.e. subthreshold symptoms of anxiety and depression).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The study involved 1624 young adults aged between 18 and 30 (69% women), who completed an online survey.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our findings revealed that participants who reported more frequent body image victimization episodes during childhood and adolescence exhibited higher levels of psychological distress and, in turn, higher scores of FAD in young adulthood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This result represents a novel contribution to understanding the psychological correlates of FAD in youths. Limitations and implications are discussed.</p><p><i>Level of evidence</i> Level V, descriptive study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Religiosity in adolescence and body satisfaction and disordered eating in adolescence and young adulthood: cross-sectional and longitudinal findings from project EAT","authors":"Aysegul Baltaci, C. Blair Burnette, Melissa N. Laska, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01683-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-024-01683-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This research identified whether adolescent religiosity was associated with body satisfaction and disordered eating in adolescence and early adulthood and explored gender/sex differences in these associations.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults) is a longitudinal cohort study following participants from adolescence into young adulthood. For this analysis (<i>N</i> = 1620), religiosity (importance of religion and frequency of religious service participation) during adolescence was examined as a correlate of body satisfaction and disordered eating (binge eating, maladaptive behaviors intended to lose or maintain weight, eating to cope, and dieting) at the same life stage (EAT-II, 2003–2004, M_age = 19.4 years) and during young adulthood (EAT-IV, 2015–2016, M_age = 31.5 years). Analyses used linear and logistic regression models adjusted for demographics and adolescent body mass index.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>During adolescence, females who placed greater importance on religion had higher body satisfaction, 22% higher odds of binge eating, and 19% greater odds of dieting in the past year, while more frequent attendance of religious services was associated with higher body satisfaction and 37% greater odds of dieting past year. Among males, only frequent attendance of religious services was associated with higher adolescent body satisfaction. Longitudinally, among females, only frequent attendance of religious services in adolescence predicted higher levels of body satisfaction in young adulthood. No significant longitudinal associations were observed among males.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings contribute to understanding the complex interplay between religiosity, gender, and body satisfaction. Further research should explore cultural factors influencing these associations and qualitative aspects of religious experiences to inform nuanced interventions.</p><p><i>Level of evidence</i>: Level III, cohort study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142177916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screen time, problematic screen use, and eating disorder symptoms among early adolescents: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.","authors":"Jonathan Chu, Kyle T Ganson, Alexander Testa, Abubakr A A Al-Shoaibi, Dylan B Jackson, Rachel F Rodgers, Jinbo He, Fiona C Baker, Jason M Nagata","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01685-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01685-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Emerging research evidence suggests positive relationships between higher screen time and eating disorders. However, few studies have examined the prospective associations between screen use and eating disorder symptoms in early adolescents and how problematic screen use may contribute to symptom development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 10,246, 2016-2020, ages 9-14). Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the longitudinal associations between baseline self-reported screen time and eating disorder symptoms in year two. Logistic regression analyses were also used to estimate cross-sectional associations between problematic screen use in year two (either problematic social media or mobile phone use) and eating disorder symptoms in year two. Eating disorder symptoms based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS-5) included fear of weight gain, self-worth tied to weight, engaging in compensatory behaviors, binge eating, and distress with binge eating.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each additional hour of total screen time and social media use was associated with higher odds of fear of weight gain, self-worth tied to weight, compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain, binge eating, and distress with binge eating two years later (odds ratio [OR] 1.05-1.55). Both problematic social media and mobile phone use were associated with higher odds of all eating disorder symptoms (OR 1.26-1.82).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest greater total screen time, social media use, and problematic screen use are associated with more eating disorder symptoms in early adolescence. Clinicians should consider assessing for problem screen use and, when high, screen for disordered eating.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11374868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index and its relationship with obesity phenotypes: a cross- sectional analysis from RaNCD cohort study.","authors":"Yahya Pasdar, Maryam Sharifi, Amir Saber, Davood Soleimani, Shima Moradi, Sahar Cheshmeh, Shahab Rezaeian, Farid Najafi","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01686-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01686-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The potential dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the phenomenon of obesity have been linked in recent studies, but it is unclear whether this connection is dependent on metabolic status. Therefore, it was thought that this research would be useful in establishing the relationship between obesity phenotypes and DII.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 5956 people who took part in the Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort research (MHNO) were put into four groups: metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), metabolically unhealthy non-obesity (MUNO), and metabolically healthy non-obesity. According to the International Diabetes Federation's criteria, MUO exhibits at least two metabolic disorders and have a body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or higher. DII was extracted from the participant's dietary consumption data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When possible confounders like age, gender, smoking, drinking alcohol, and exercise were taken into account, more adherence to DII was linked to a higher odds of MHO compared to MHNO (OR: 1.44; CI 95% 1.18, 1.75). Additionally, we discovered that greater adherence to DII was significantly related to higher odds for MUO compared to MHNO (OR: 1.67; CI 95% 1.3, 2.15). However, we found no association between adherence to DII and MUNO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicated that greater adherence to DII was significantly associated with higher odds of MUO. However, it substantially increased the chances of both phenotypes of obesity. Level of evidence Level V-Cross-sectional observational study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental styles are associated with eating disorder symptoms, anxiety, interpersonal difficulties, and nucleus accumbens response.","authors":"Neha Sahota, Megan E Shott, Guido K W Frank","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01684-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01684-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Eating disorders (EDs) typically emerge during adolescence. Parental bonding has a lasting impact on a child's mental health during those developmentally critical years. There remains uncertainty over whether parental bonding is a risk factor for developing or maintaining specifically EDs or, rather, general psychopathology and the associated underlying brain function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-one young adult healthy control individuals (HC, 26.6 ± 3.5 years) and 46 individuals with EDs (25 with anorexia nervosa, AN, 22.8 ± 6.4 years, and 21 with bulimia nervosa, BN, 23.5 ± 4.2 years) completed the parental bonding instrument (PBI), assessments for anxiety, depression, and ED behaviors, and underwent a conditioning paradigm during brain imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both groups, perceived parental care and overprotection were correlated with state and trait anxiety and interpersonal alienation, and in HC only, with body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Individuals with an ED reported lower self-perceived parental care, but higher overprotection compared to the HC group. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) response was related to bonding measures in both groups and right NAc response mediated the relationship between maternal care and trait anxiety in HC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Perceived parental bonding is associated with general psychopathology, including elevated anxiety and interpersonal difficulties across HC and ED groups. Lower perceived parental care and higher overprotection could predispose healthy individuals to develop problems with body shape or weight; however, other, maybe biological factors may determine whether a person will develop an ED. The link between perceived parental bonding, NAc valence processing and anxiety implicates dopaminergic circuits that should be studied further.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level III: Case-control analytic study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11365925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early adaptive schemas, emotional regulation, and cognitive flexibility in eating disorders: subtype specific predictors of eating disorder symptoms using hierarchical linear regression.","authors":"J S Mitchell, T Huckstepp, A Allen, P J Louis, T E Anijärv, D F Hermens","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01682-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01682-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Understanding how early adaptive schemas, cognitive flexibility, and emotional regulation influence eating disorder (ED) symptoms, and whether this differs across diagnostic subtypes is critical to optimising treatment. The current study investigated the relationship between these variables and ED symptomology in individuals self-reporting an ED diagnosis and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dataset of 1576 online survey responses yielded subsamples for anorexia nervosa (n = 155), bulimia nervosa (n = 55), binge eating disorder (n = 33), other specified feeding or eating disorder (n = 93), and healthy participants (n = 505). The hierarchical linear regression analysis included Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6.0 Global Score as the dependent variable; Young Positive Schema Questionnaire, Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory subscale scores as the independent variables; and demographic measures as the covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of significant predictors varied considerably by ED sub-group. Amongst the anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and healthy subsamples, the adaptive schema Self-Compassion and Realistic Expectations was associated with lower ED symptom severity. In comparison, age and body mass index were the strongest predictors for binge eating disorder, whilst the Expressive Suppression (a subscale of the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire) was the strongest predictor for other specified feeding or eating disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early adaptive schemas, cognitive flexibility, and emotional regulation vary across ED subtype, suggesting the need for tailored treatment that disrupts the self-reinforcing cycle of ED psychopathology. Future research investigating how early adaptive schemas may predict or be associated with treatment response across diagnostic subtypes is needed.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV, evidence obtained from multiple time-series with or without the intervention, such as case studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}