Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Amir Reza Bahadori, Parisa Javadnia, Sanaz Bordbar, Rasa Zafari, Tina Taherkhani, Afshan Davari, Abbas Tafakhori, Sajad Shafiee, Sara Ranji","doi":"10.1007/s40519-025-01716-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-025-01716-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a promising treatment for various neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Parkinson's disease. Recent research has focused on evaluating its effectiveness in treating patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of TMS on patients with AN and evaluated any potential adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted search according to PRISMA guidelines and comprehensively analyzed data from multiple databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, up to September 13th. Statistical analysis utilized the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software version 3.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systematic review encompassed 17 studies, with nine undergoing meta-analyses. The primary target for TMS was the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, with two studies targeting the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, one targeting the insula and one targeting the inferior parietal lobe. The findings revealed a significant increase in body mass index (BMI) following TMS (SMD: -0.025, 95% CI: -0.0505 to -0.005, P-value = 0.045). Additionally, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) score was quantitatively reported in six studies, which permitted its inclusion in the meta-analysis. The analysis exhibited a significant decrease in EDE-Q score after TMS (SMD: 0.634, 95% CI: 0.349-0.919, P-value < 0.001). Subgroup analysis based on TMS session duration indicated that the effect size of TMS on EDE-Q score is more pronounced when the session duration exceeds 20 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TMS represents an effective therapy for patients with AN, leading to improvements in both BMI and core symptoms of AN, with minor and transient side effects.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level I, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"30 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between body composition indices and vascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Nikoohemmat, Amirhossein Ramezani Ahmadi, Ali Valizadeh, Seyed Mohammadmisagh Moteshakereh, Reza Yari-Boroujeni, Zahra Seifi, Majid Valizadeh, Behnaz Abiri","doi":"10.1007/s40519-025-01714-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-025-01714-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review explores the intricate relationship between body composition, with a specific focus on skeletal muscle mass, and vascular health indices, including measures of arterial stiffness-pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)-as well as arterial structure, specifically carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive literature search, encompassing PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, was conducted until January 2024. Inclusion criteria involved original observational studies, with cross-sectional or longitudinal designs, reporting body composition parameters and vascular health measures. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessed study quality. Statistical analyses utilized Stata 17.0, employing random-effects meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and evaluation of publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen observational studies (n = 21,215) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses revealed a positive association between fat-free mass (FFM) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) (effect size [ES]: 1.79, 95% CI 1.68-1.91), highlighting a relationship with arterial structure. Similarly, body fat percentage (BFP) was positively associated with PWV (ES: 1.45, 95% CI 1.15-1.82), and FFM showed a positive association with CAVI (ES: 1.46, 95% CI 0.78-2.71), both measures of arterial stiffness. Subgroup analyses revealed a non-significant association between appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) and IMT (ES: 1.01, 95% CI 0.76-1.35).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis highlights the complex relationship between body composition and vascular health. Subgroup analyses suggest the need for further research into specific body composition indices and their clinical implications.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>III evidence obtained from well-designed cohort and cross-sectional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"30 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world effectiveness of Semaglutide treatment on weight loss maintenance after weight loss in patients with obesity or overweight and diabetes.","authors":"Michela Del Prete, Lidia Gavazzi, Olga Eugenia Disoteo, Federico Vignati, Gianleone Di Sacco, Fabrizio Muratori","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01711-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01711-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report data on the real-world effectiveness and safety of injectable (IS) and oral (OS) therapies in obese or overweight diabetes (T2DM) patients on glycometabolic control, weight loss (WL) and weight maintenance after the use of semaglutide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>175 subjects with obesity or overweight and T2DM were retrospectively assessed. Of these, 129 (75F, 54 M; mean age 61.2 ± 9.8 years) patients were treated with IS and 46 (24F, 22 M; mean age 65.7 ± 12.8 years) with OS for T2DM and WL. At baseline, mean weight (mW) was 101.8 ± 24.6 kg and 95.2 ± 15.0 kg; mean body mass index (mBMI) was 36.7 ± 8.7 kg/m² and 34.3 ± 5.3 kg/m².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 6 months, in the IS group, 127 patients had a mW and mBMI reduction of - 10.4 ± 8.1 kg and - 3.9 ± 3.0 kg/m². 46 patients in the OS group had a mW and mBMI reduction of - 6.7 ± 5.3 kg and - 2.6 ± 2.1 kg/m². After 12 months, 102 patients in the IS group achieved a mW and mBMI reduction of - 9.3 ± 7.5 kg and - 3.4 ± 2.6 kg/m². 44 patients in the OS group of treatment had a mW and mBMI reduction of - 10.7 ± 6.5 kg and - 3.9 ± 2.4 kg/m². After 24 months, 92 patients in the IS group of therapy achieved a mW and mBMI reduction of - 15.9 ± 11.4 kg and - 5.8 ± 3.7 kg/m². There was a mean percentage reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HBA1C) of - 1.9 ± 1.4%, - 1.5 ± 1.9%, and - 1.5 ± 1.7% after 6, 12 and 24 months in the IS group. In the OS group there was a mean reduction of - 1.5 ± 1.6% after 6 months and of - 0.8 ± 0.6% after 12 months of therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Semaglutide induces WL maintenance after 12 and 24 months of treatment. Our results show a comparable effectiveness of IS and OS in T2DM patients with obesity or overweight. IS and OS treatment provide significant WL that allows reaching the glycometabolic therapeutic goal in a short time. Level of Evidence Level II.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"30 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the weight-adjusted waist index as a predictive tool for sarcopenia and mortality risk.","authors":"Qingzheng Shen, Tianjing Zhou, Xiaodong Chen, Hafiz Muhammad Umar, Xinxin Yang, Xian Shen","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01712-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01712-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel anthropometric measure. WWI is linked to reduced muscle mass and strength; however, its efficacy for assessing sarcopenia and predicting adverse outcomes has yet to be validated. This study compared and examined the relationship between sarcopenia and WWI across different diagnostic criteria and aimed to evaluate its potential as a predictor of sarcopenia and all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from 2946 NHANES (1999-2002) participants to analyze the relationship between weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and sarcopenia (diagnosed using five different established criteria). Multivariable logistic regression, ROC analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves, and Cox regression were used to assess the association between WWI and sarcopenia and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WWI was inversely correlated with walking speed, muscle strength, and muscle mass. It served as a significant predictor of sarcopenia, particularly in men, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.86 for men according to FNIH criteria. Furthermore, a higher mortality rate from all causes was linked to a higher WWI. The mortality rate among patients with sarcopenia, as predicted by the WWI and FNIH criteria, was higher than that of patients diagnosed by a single criterion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WWI proves to be a valuable tool in predicting sarcopenia and mortality risk, particularly when using the FNIH criteria. However, its performance varied significantly across different criteria and populations. Further research is needed to define the specific clinical contexts where WWI may be a useful supplementary tool. Level of Evidence Level III, evidence obtained from a cohort analytic study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"30 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating disorders and disordered eating symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gabriele Lo Buglio, Marta Mirabella, Laura Muzi, Tommaso Boldrini, Erika Cerasti, Jone Bjornestad, Flavia Fiorentino, Andrea Polari, Eleonora Riccioli, Michele Angelo Rugo, Marco Solmi, Vittorio Lingiardi, Annalisa Tanzilli","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01708-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01708-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eating disorders (EDs) are among the least studied mental disorders in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P). The primary aim (a) of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify factors predicting ED diagnoses in CHR-P individuals. The secondary aim (b) was providing a comprehensive clinical description of individuals with both CHR-P and EDs/ED-related symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis, searching PubMed/(EBSCO)PsycINFO/Web of Science for studies published between 01/01/2018 and 30/05/2023, including individuals with CHR-P and EDs/ED symptoms (PROSPERO CRD42023488792). Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). We performed a meta-regression model on the proportion of EDs in CHR-P individuals (primary aim) and conducted a narrative synthesis (secondary aim).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 26 articles, reporting on 2,060 and 589 subjects for study aim (a) and (b), respectively (mean NOS score = 6.38). The prevalence of EDs in CHR-P individuals was 0.05 (95% CI 0.3-0.8). No factor had a significant effect on the proportion of EDs in CHR-P individuals. This result is limited by the inability to include ED-related symptoms and antipsychotic prescriptions in the meta-regression model, due to an insufficient number of studies reporting on these variables. The narrative synthesis offers a characterization of individuals with both CHR-P and ED/ED-related symptoms; however, the limited number of included studies is insufficient to support definitive conclusions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant predictor of EDs was found in CHR-P individuals. Transdiagnostic, prospective cohort studies are warranted to examine long-term outcomes in individuals with both CHR-P and EDs, beyond diagnostic silos.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>I. Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11680612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF)-model of intermittent fasting on adipose organ: a narrative review.","authors":"Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, Khosrow Kashfi, Asghar Ghasemi","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01709-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01709-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Time-restricted feeding (TRF), an intermittent fasting approach involving a shortened eating window within 24 h, has gained popularity as a weight management approach. This review addresses how TRF may favor fat redistribution and the function of the adipose organ. TRF trials (mainly 16:8 model, with a duration of 5-48 weeks) reported a significant weight loss (1.2-10.2%, ~ 1.4-9.4 kg), with a considerable decrease in total fat mass (1.6-21%, ~ 0.5-7 kg) and visceral adipose compartment (VAC, 11-27%) in overweight and obese subjects. Experimental TRF in normal-fed and obesogenic-diet-fed mice and rats (with a fasting duration ranging between 9 and 21 h within 1-17 weeks) reported a significant reduction in body weight (~ 7-40%), total fat mass (~ 17-71%), and intrahepatic fat (~ 25-72%). TRF also improves VAC and subcutaneous adipose compartment (SAC) function by decreasing adipocyte size, macrophage infiltration, M1-macrophage polarity, and downregulating inflammatory genes. In conclusion, beyond its effect on body weight loss, total fat mass, and intrahepatic fat accumulation, TRF favors adipose organ fat redistribution in overweight and obese subjects by decreasing VAC and improving the function of VAC and SAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and a body shape index (ABSI) with serum neurofilament light chain levels in a national study of U.S. adults.","authors":"Zixuan Yan, Qingxin Gu, Hong Yin, Mingliang Yi, Xiao Wang, Ruirui Sun, Fanrong Liang, Dingjun Cai, Wenchuan Qi","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01706-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01706-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored how the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and a body shape index (ABSI) are related to serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels among U.S. adults. We aimed to evaluate sNfL, which plays key roles in neuronal injury in neurological diseases, given its understudied connection to obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used cross-sectional data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of people with complete information on the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a body shape index (ABSI), and serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL). Multiple linear regression analysis allowed us to investigate the separate connections among the WWI, ABSI, and sNfL. Moreover, interaction testing and subgroup analysis were performed to improve the general validity of our results. To assess any nonlinear correlations, we also performed threshold effect analysis and smoothed curve fitting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WWI and ABSI were positively linked with sNfL (WWI: β = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.09; ABSI: β = 1.65, 95% CI 3.53-13.72). There was no clear reliance on this association according to subgroup analysis and interaction tests. Smoothed curve fitting and saturation effects also demonstrated nonlinear associations between WWI and ABSI and sNfL, with inflection points of 10.38 and 0.38, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the adult American population, while the WWI and ABSI are linearly positively correlated with serum neurofilament light protein (sNfL), the effect size is greater for the ABSI. This correlation provides fresh evidence connecting obesity to neurological conditions, deepening our comprehension of the extensive health impacts associated with obesity. Level of Evidence Level I, experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11607027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal evolution of physical activity type and eating and weight concerns among adolescents.","authors":"Giulio D'Anna, Lorenzo Lucherini Angeletti, Lara Allegrini, Arianna Ida Altomare, Daniela Betti, Alessandra De Martino, Giulia Minotti, Chiara Muscarella, Federica Benvenuti, Valdo Ricca, Francesco Rotella","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01696-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01696-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To provide a prospective 2 year follow-up of a previously enrolled adolescent high school sample, regarding body image and eating concerns, and patterns of sports type and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sports type, weekly time devoted to it, and psychopathological self-reports (Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire 6.0, Body Uneasiness Test, and Muscle Dysmorphia Disorder Inventory) were evaluated longitudinally in a general population sample enrolled in a previous study, testing prospective variations in an observational setting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At follow-up, girls expressed increased dietary restraint and body uneasiness as compared to baseline, whereas boys expressed increased body uneasiness-and specifically in the avoidance, depersonalisation and compulsive self-monitoring dimensions. Among both sexes, a significant shift towards individual activities or lack of activity was observed after 2 years, with a reduction in team sports involvement. Among girls, time devoted to exercise significantly decreased at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present findings indirectly confirm an increased vulnerability to dietary, bodily and appearance-based concerns among adolescents. The role of different patterns of physical activity and exercise time may interact bidirectionally with these problematic areas, considering that previous studies point out increased concerns among inactive subjects, and among those who choose individual activities.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV-longitudinal observational study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of dietary vs. non-dietary approaches in obesity and disordered eating behaviors: a narrative review of the literature.","authors":"Chiara Breda, Adriana Chiarelli, Giulia Quarantelli, Maria Vittoria Conti, Nagaia Madini, Hellas Cena","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01702-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01702-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This narrative review aims to conduct a comparative analysis of dietary and non-dietary approaches in the management of weight and disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) in adults with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies were identified from Medline (PubMed), including only English-language manuscripts published from 1998 to 2024. To be included in the review the studies had to be RCTs that compared the effect of dietary and non-dietary approaches on weight loss and DEBs in adults with obesity not being treated with pharmacological treatments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported in 8 manuscripts published between 1998 and 2024 met the inclusion criteria. The sample size ranged from a minimum of 16 subjects to a maximum of 219. All studies involved adult subjects, mainly women, with first-, second-, or third-degree obesity and most subjects had cognitive restriction and/or uncontrolled eating. Dietary approaches were characterized by moderate caloric restriction (CR) and restriction of fat intake. In contrast, non-dietary approaches focused on mindful eating (ME), intuitive eating (IE) and weight neutral (WN) approaches. Of the 7 RCTs included, 5 reported greater weight loss in the diet group compared to the non-diet group; however, only one of these sustained the result at follow-up. In contrast, 4 studies demonstrated greater improvements in DEBs in the non-diet group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CR is essential for weight loss in individuals with obesity, but long-term weight management also hinges on their relationship with food. The psychological improvements reported in non-dietary versus dietary approaches should not be overlooked and can be a starting point for the development of multidisciplinary interventions involving synergistic actions between diet, exercise, and practices to improve DEBs with the goal of reducing the obesity epidemic. Level of evidence Level I, at least one properly designed randomized controlled trials; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11599291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the ORTO-R in an adult population: the Turkish version, reliability, and validity study.","authors":"Seda Kaya, Esma Asil, Funda Pınar Çakıroğlu, Sümeyye Sertdemir, Yaren Can, Emine Muradoğlu","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01705-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01705-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of a Turkish version of the ORTO-R scale by testing its factorial structure, reliability, and validity in a large adult population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2022 and February 2023. Through an online questionnaire, 1077 participants were recruited. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the construct validity of the questionnaires. The internal consistency of the ORTO-R scale was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha, Omega and test-retest coefficients. For the convergent and divergent validity of the scale, Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the scores of the Eating Attitude Test-26, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and the Life Satisfaction Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two-factor model fit the data well. Analyses confirmed that the two-factor model of the ORTO-R had acceptable or good fit indices (χ 2/df = 2.126; GFI = 0.997; CFI = 0.992; AGFI = 0.992; TLI = 0.985; RMSEA = 0.032; SRMR = 0.029). According to the reliability coefficients, the orthorexia nervosa and method subscales were found to be reliable. The correlations supported the convergent and divergent validity of the scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results demonstrate that the Turkish version of the ORTO-R is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing orthorexic behaviors in a theoretically meaningful way.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level V, descriptive study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":"29 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11586309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}