DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1242/dev.204377
{"title":"Transitions in development - an interview with Fan Zhou.","authors":"","doi":"10.1242/dev.204377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.204377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fan Zhou is a group leader at Tsinghua University, China, where he works on the molecular changes that underpin cell fate transitions during early embryogenesis. We met with Fan over Zoom to discuss his career path so far. He discussed how a chance foray into basic research following his undergraduate degree sparked a lifelong passion for developmental biology, and how his interest in technology development has fed into his independent research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1242/dev.202973
Dina Rekler, Shai Ofek, Sarah Kagan, Gilgi Friedlander, Chaya Kalcheim
{"title":"Retinoic acid, an essential component of the roof plate organizer, promotes the spatiotemporal segregation of dorsal neural fates.","authors":"Dina Rekler, Shai Ofek, Sarah Kagan, Gilgi Friedlander, Chaya Kalcheim","doi":"10.1242/dev.202973","DOIUrl":"10.1242/dev.202973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dorsal neural tube-derived retinoic acid promotes the end of neural crest production and transition into a definitive roof plate. Here, we analyze how this impacts the segregation of central and peripheral lineages, a process essential for tissue patterning and function. Localized in ovo inhibition in quail embryos of retinoic acid activity followed by single-cell transcriptomics unraveled a comprehensive list of differentially expressed genes relevant to these processes. Importantly, progenitors co-expressed neural crest, roof plate and dI1 interneuron markers, indicating a failure in proper lineage segregation. Furthermore, separation between roof plate and dI1 interneurons is mediated by Notch activity downstream of retinoic acid, highlighting their crucial role in establishing the roof plate-dI1 boundary. Within the peripheral branch, where absence of retinoic acid resulted in neural crest production and emigration extending into the roof plate stage, sensory progenitors failed to separate from melanocytes, leading to formation of a common glia-melanocyte cell with aberrant migratory patterns. In summary, the implementation of single-cell RNA sequencing facilitated the discovery and characterization of a molecular mechanism responsible for the segregation of dorsal neural fates during development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11463963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1242/dev.202705
Sung-Eun Kim, Hyun-Yi Kim, Bogdan J Wlodarczyk, Richard H Finnell
{"title":"Linkage between Fuz and Gpr161 genes regulates sonic hedgehog signaling during mouse neural tube development.","authors":"Sung-Eun Kim, Hyun-Yi Kim, Bogdan J Wlodarczyk, Richard H Finnell","doi":"10.1242/dev.202705","DOIUrl":"10.1242/dev.202705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling regulates embryonic morphogenesis utilizing the primary cilium, the cell's antenna, which acts as a signaling hub. Fuz, an effector of planar cell polarity signaling, regulates Shh signaling by facilitating cilia formation, and the G protein-coupled receptor 161 (Gpr161) is a negative regulator of Shh signaling. The range of phenotypic malformations observed in mice bearing mutations in either of the genes encoding these proteins is similar; however, their functional relationship has not been previously explored. This study identified the genetic and biochemical linkage between Fuz and Gpr161 in mouse neural tube development. Fuz was found to be genetically epistatic to Gpr161 with respect to regulation of Shh signaling in mouse neural tube development. The Fuz protein biochemically interacts with Gpr161, and Fuz regulates Gpr161-mediated ciliary localization, a process that might utilize β-arrestin 2. Our study characterizes a previously unappreciated Gpr161-Fuz axis that regulates Shh signaling during mouse neural tube development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11463954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1242/dev.203090
Masaki Yagi, Joy E Horng, Konrad Hochedlinger
{"title":"Manipulating cell fate through reprogramming: approaches and applications.","authors":"Masaki Yagi, Joy E Horng, Konrad Hochedlinger","doi":"10.1242/dev.203090","DOIUrl":"10.1242/dev.203090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cellular plasticity progressively declines with development and differentiation, yet these processes can be experimentally reversed by reprogramming somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using defined transcription factors. Advances in reprogramming technology over the past 15 years have enabled researchers to study diseases with patient-specific iPSCs, gain fundamental insights into how cell identity is maintained, recapitulate early stages of embryogenesis using various embryo models, and reverse aspects of aging in cultured cells and animals. Here, we review and compare currently available reprogramming approaches, including transcription factor-based methods and small molecule-based approaches, to derive pluripotent cells characteristic of early embryos. Additionally, we discuss our current understanding of mechanisms that resist reprogramming and their role in cell identity maintenance. Finally, we review recent efforts to rejuvenate cells and tissues with reprogramming factors, as well as the application of iPSCs in deriving novel embryo models to study pre-implantation development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11463964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1242/dev.204366
Marcella Birtele, Martina Cerise, Lydia Djenoune, Girish Kale, Eirini Maniou, Louis S Prahl, Keaton Schuster, Clementine Villeneuve
{"title":"Pathway to independence: perspectives on the future.","authors":"Marcella Birtele, Martina Cerise, Lydia Djenoune, Girish Kale, Eirini Maniou, Louis S Prahl, Keaton Schuster, Clementine Villeneuve","doi":"10.1242/dev.204366","DOIUrl":"10.1242/dev.204366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this Perspective, our 2024 Pathway to Independence Fellows provide their thoughts on the future of their field. Covering topics as diverse as plant development, tissue engineering and adaptation to climate change, and using a wide range of experimental organisms, these talented postdocs showcase some of the major open questions and key challenges across the spectrum of developmental biology research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1242/dev.202548
Catarina Sequeira,Lou Martha Wackerbarth,Andreia Pena,Mafalda Sá-Pereira,Cláudio A Franco,Edgar R Gomes
{"title":"Myonuclear position and blood vessel organization during skeletal muscle postnatal development.","authors":"Catarina Sequeira,Lou Martha Wackerbarth,Andreia Pena,Mafalda Sá-Pereira,Cláudio A Franco,Edgar R Gomes","doi":"10.1242/dev.202548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202548","url":null,"abstract":"Skeletal muscle development is a complex process involving myoblast fusion to generate multinucleated fibers. Myonuclei first align in the center of the myotubes before migrating to the periphery of the myofiber. Blood vessels (BVs) are important contributors to the correct development of skeletal muscle, and myonuclei are found next to BVs in adult muscle. Here, we show that most myonuclear migration to the periphery occurs between E17.5 and P1. Furthermore, myonuclear accretion after P7 does not result in centrally nucleated myofibers as observed in the embryo. Instead, myonuclei remain at the periphery of the myofiber without moving to the center. Finally, we show that hypovascularization of skeletal muscle alters the interaction between myonuclei and BVs, suggesting that BVs may contribute to myonuclear positioning during skeletal muscle postnatal development. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive analysis of skeletal muscle development during the highly dynamic postnatal period, bringing new insights about myonuclear positioning and its interaction with BVs.","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142257992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1242/dev.202997
Omer Karin
{"title":"EnhancerNet: A predictive model of cell identity dynamics through enhancer selection.","authors":"Omer Karin","doi":"10.1242/dev.202997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202997","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how cell identity is encoded by the genome and acquired during differentiation is a central challenge in cell biology. We have developed a theoretical framework called EnhancerNet, which models the regulation of cell identity through the lens of transcription factor (TF)-enhancer interactions. We demonstrate that autoregulation in these interactions imposes a constraint on the model, resulting in simplified dynamics that can be parameterized from observed cell identities. Despite its simplicity, EnhancerNet recapitulates a broad range of experimental observations on cell identity dynamics, including enhancer selection, cell fate induction, hierarchical differentiation through multipotent progenitor states, and direct reprogramming by TF overexpression. The model makes specific quantitative predictions, reproducing known reprogramming recipes and the complex hematopoietic differentiation hierarchy without fitting unobserved parameters. EnhancerNet provides insights into how new cell types could evolve and highlights the functional importance of distal regulatory elements with dynamic chromatin in multicellular evolution.","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142257993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1242/dev.204338
Tim Petzold,Holger Gerhardt
{"title":"In preprints: keeping endothelial cell specification and vascular development in check.","authors":"Tim Petzold,Holger Gerhardt","doi":"10.1242/dev.204338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.204338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142257998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-09-15Epub Date: 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1242/dev.202630
Chika Akiba, Aya Takezawa, Yuanchang Tsai, Mire Hirose, Takumi Suzuki
{"title":"bHLH family proteins control the timing and completion of transition from neuroepithelial cells into neural stem cells.","authors":"Chika Akiba, Aya Takezawa, Yuanchang Tsai, Mire Hirose, Takumi Suzuki","doi":"10.1242/dev.202630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of neural stem cells reflects the total number of neurons in the mature brain. As neural stem cells arise from neuroepithelial cells, the neuroepithelial cell population must be expanded to secure a sufficient number of neural stem cells. However, molecular mechanisms that regulate timely differentiation from neuroepithelial to neural stem cells are largely unclear. Here, we show that TCF4/Daughterless is a key factor that determines the timing of the differentiation in Drosophila. The neuroepithelial cells initiated but never completed the differentiation in the absence of TCF4/Daughterless. We also found that TCF4/Daughterless binds to the Notch locus, suggesting that Notch is one of its downstream candidate genes. Consistently, Notch expression was ectopically induced in the absence of TCF4/Daughterless. Furthermore, ectopic activation of Notch signaling phenocopied loss of TCF4/Daughterless. Our findings demonstrate that TCF4/Daughterless directly inactivates Notch signaling pathway, resulting in completion of the differentiation from neuroepithelial cells into neural stem cells with optimal timing. Thus, the present results suggest that TCF4/Daughterless is essential for determining whether to move to the next state or stay in the current state in differentiating neuroepithelial cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DevelopmentPub Date : 2024-09-15Epub Date: 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1242/dev.202412
Lewis S Mosby, Amy E Bowen, Zena Hadjivasiliou
{"title":"Morphogens in the evolution of size, shape and patterning.","authors":"Lewis S Mosby, Amy E Bowen, Zena Hadjivasiliou","doi":"10.1242/dev.202412","DOIUrl":"10.1242/dev.202412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Much of the striking diversity of life on Earth has arisen from variations in the way that the same molecules and networks operate during development to shape and pattern tissues and organs into different morphologies. However, we still understand very little about the potential for diversification exhibited by different, highly conserved mechanisms during evolution, or, conversely, the constraints that they place on evolution. With the aim of steering the field in new directions, we focus on morphogen-mediated patterning and growth as a case study to demonstrate how conserved developmental mechanisms can adapt during evolution to drive morphological diversification and optimise functionality, and to illustrate how evolution algorithms and computational tools can be used alongside experiments to provide insights into how these conserved mechanisms can evolve. We first introduce key conserved properties of morphogen-driven patterning mechanisms, before summarising comparative studies that exemplify how changes in the spatiotemporal expression and signalling levels of morphogens impact the diversification of organ size, shape and patterning in nature. Finally, we detail how theoretical frameworks can be used in conjunction with experiments to probe the role of morphogen-driven patterning mechanisms in evolution. We conclude that morphogen-mediated patterning is an excellent model system and offers a generally applicable framework to investigate the evolution of developmental mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11375,"journal":{"name":"Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7616732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}