Current Biology最新文献_第2页

Hybridization and inbreeding affect the survival of a critically endangered coral. 杂交和近亲繁殖影响一种极度濒危珊瑚的生存。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.035

Alejandra Hernández-Agreda, Joel Huckeba, Katharine E Prata, Mark J A Vermeij, Pim Bongaerts

{"title":"Hybridization and inbreeding affect the survival of a critically endangered coral.","authors":"Alejandra Hernández-Agreda, Joel Huckeba, Katharine E Prata, Mark J A Vermeij, Pim Bongaerts","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.035","url":null,"abstract":"Coral reefs face escalating pressures leading to unprecedented declines in the populations of reef-building corals.1,2 Conservation genomic studies are critical in understanding and formulating interventions to reverse such declines but thus far have only focused on a handful of broadcast-spawning species in shallow waters.3,4 The recent International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) reclassification of six different brooding corals as \"critically endangered\"5 indicates that such species are equally threatened. However, we lack a thorough understanding of the factors underlying their decline. Here, we comprehensively examine the genetic impacts of a severe population decline in the brooding coral Helioseris cucullata, once a major contributor to Caribbean reefs but now critically endangered.6,7,8 Genome-wide sequencing of colonies across five locations revealed the presence of two distinct species, indicating that the remaining population sizes are even smaller than previously estimated. Using an exhaustive, spatially explicit sampling approach (across a total of ∼2.5 hectares), we observed extremely low genetic diversity and identified how localized dispersal, excessive inbreeding, and prevalent asexual reproduction may contribute to an extinction vortex. However, we also found evidence for recent hybridization and introgression, providing an avenue for the reintroduction of genetic diversity into both lineages. With many brooding species now under threat, these results highlight the critical need to assess the genetic processes associated with their declines so that these can be harnessed or mitigated to deliver effective conservation outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid intracellular acidification is a plant defense response countered by the brown planthopper. 细胞内快速酸化是褐飞虱的一种植物防御反应。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.039

Yanjuan Jiang, Xiao-Ya Zhang, Shaoqin Li, Yu-Cheng Xie, Xu-Mei Luo, Yongping Yang, Zhengyan Pu, Li Zhang, Jia-Bao Lu, Hai-Jian Huang, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Sheng Yang He

{"title":"Rapid intracellular acidification is a plant defense response countered by the brown planthopper.","authors":"Yanjuan Jiang, Xiao-Ya Zhang, Shaoqin Li, Yu-Cheng Xie, Xu-Mei Luo, Yongping Yang, Zhengyan Pu, Li Zhang, Jia-Bao Lu, Hai-Jian Huang, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Sheng Yang He","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.039","url":null,"abstract":"The brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive insect pest in rice. Through a stylet, BPH secretes a plethora of salivary proteins into rice phloem cells as a crucial step of infestation. However, how various salivary proteins function in rice cells to promote insect infestation is poorly understood. Among them, one of the salivary proteins is predicted to be a carbonic anhydrase (Nilaparvata lugens carbonic anhydrase [NlCA]). The survival rate of the NlCA-RNA interference (RNAi) BPH insects was extremely low on rice, indicating a vital role of this salivary protein in BPH infestation. We generated NlCA transgenic rice plants and found that NlCA expressed in rice plants could restore the ability of NlCA-RNAi BPH to survive on rice. Next, we produced rice plants expressing the ratiometric pH sensor pHusion and found that NlCA-RNAi BPH induced rapid intracellular acidification of rice cells during feeding. Further analysis revealed that both NlCA-RNAi BPH feeding and artificial lowering of intracellular pH activated plant defense responses and that NlCA-mediated intracellular pH stabilization is linked to diminished defense responses, including reduced callose deposition at the phloem sieve plates and suppressed defense gene expression. Given the importance of pH homeostasis across the kingdoms of life, discovery of NlCA-mediated intracellular pH modulation uncovered a new dimension in the interaction between plants and piercing/sucking insect pests. The crucial role of NlCA for BPH infestation of rice suggests that NlCA is a promising target for chemical or trans-kingdom RNAi-based inactivation for BPH control strategies in plants.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gonzalo Giribet. 贡萨洛-吉里贝特

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.065

Gonzalo Giribet

引用次数: 0

Mental imagery: The role of primary visual cortex in aphantasia. 心理想象：初级视觉皮层在幻觉症中的作用。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.076

Fraser Milton

引用次数: 0

Novel fermentations integrate traditional practice and rational design of fermented-food microbiomes. 新型发酵将传统做法与发酵食品微生物群的合理设计相结合。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.047

Dillon Arrigan, Caroline Isabel Kothe, Angela Oliverio, Joshua D Evans, Benjamin E Wolfe

{"title":"Novel fermentations integrate traditional practice and rational design of fermented-food microbiomes.","authors":"Dillon Arrigan, Caroline Isabel Kothe, Angela Oliverio, Joshua D Evans, Benjamin E Wolfe","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.047","url":null,"abstract":"Fermented foods and beverages have been produced around the world for millennia, providing humans with a range of gastronomic, cultural, health, and scientific benefits. Building on these traditional forms, a convergence of factors, including culinary innovation, globalization, shifts in consumer preferences, and advances in microbiome sciences, has led to the emergence of so-called 'novel fermentations'. In this review, we define novel fermentation as the confluence of traditional food practices and rational microbiome design. Using principles of microbial ecology and evolution, we develop a microbiological framework that outlines several strategies for producing and characterizing novel fermentations, including switching substrates, engrafting target species, assembling whole-community chimeras, and generating novel phenotypes. A subsequent analysis of existing traditional ferments points to gaps in 'fermentation space' where novel ferments could potentially be produced using new combinations of microbes and food substrates. We highlight some important safety and sociocultural issues presented by the repurposing and modification of microbes from traditional ferments that fermented-food producers and microbiologists need to address.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hand and foot morphology maps invasion of terrestrial environments by pterosaurs in the mid-Mesozoic. 手足形态图绘制了中生代翼龙入侵陆地环境的图谱。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.014

Robert S H Smyth, Brent H Breithaupt, Richard J Butler, Peter L Falkingham, David M Unwin

{"title":"Hand and foot morphology maps invasion of terrestrial environments by pterosaurs in the mid-Mesozoic.","authors":"Robert S H Smyth, Brent H Breithaupt, Richard J Butler, Peter L Falkingham, David M Unwin","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"Pterosaurs, the first true flying vertebrates, played a crucial role in Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems. However, our understanding of their ability to move around on the ground and, more broadly, their terrestrial paleoecology remains limited. Here, we demonstrate an unexpectedly high degree of variation in the hands and feet of pterosaurs, comparable with that observed in extant birds. This suggests that pterosaurs were adapted to a remarkably broad range of non-aerial locomotor ecologies. Small, early, long-tailed pterosaurs (non-pterodactyliforms) exhibit extreme modifications in their hand and foot proportions indicative of climbing lifestyles. By contrast, the hands and feet of later, short-tailed pterosaurs (pterodactyliforms) typically exhibit morphologies consistent with more ground-based locomotor ecologies. These changes in proportions correlate with other modifications to pterosaur anatomy, critically, the separation along the midline of the flight membrane (cruropatagium) that linked the hindlimbs, enabling a much more effective locomotory ability on the ground. Together, these changes map a significant event in tetrapod evolution: a mid-Mesozoic colonization of terrestrial environments by short-tailed pterosaurs. This transition to predominantly ground-based locomotor ecologies did not occur as a single event coinciding with the origin of short-tailed forms but evolved independently within each of the four principal radiations: euctenochasmatians, ornithocheiroids, dsungaripteroids, and azhdarchoids. Invasion of terrestrial environments by pterosaurs facilitated the evolution of a wide range of novel feeding ecologies, while the freedom from limitations imposed by climbing permitted an increase in body size, ultimately enabling the evolution of gigantism in multiple lineages.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brain and eye movement dynamics track the transition from learning to memory-guided action. 大脑和眼球运动动态追踪从学习到记忆引导行动的过渡。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.063

Philipp K Büchel, Janina Klingspohr, Marcel S Kehl, Bernhard P Staresina

{"title":"Brain and eye movement dynamics track the transition from learning to memory-guided action.","authors":"Philipp K Büchel, Janina Klingspohr, Marcel S Kehl, Bernhard P Staresina","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.063","url":null,"abstract":"Learning never stops. As we navigate life, we continuously acquire and update knowledge to optimize memory-guided action, with a gradual shift from the former to the latter as we master our environment. How are these learning dynamics expressed in the brain and in behavioral patterns? Here, we devised a spatiotemporal image learning task (\"Memory Arena\") in which participants learn a set of 50 items to criterion across repeated exposure blocks. Critically, brief task-free periods between successive image presentations allowed us to assess multivariate electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns representing the previous and/or upcoming image identity, as well as anticipatory eye movements toward the upcoming image location. As expected, participants eventually met the performance criterion, albeit with different learning rates. During task-free periods, we were able to readily decode representations of both previous and upcoming image identities. Importantly though, decoding strength followed opposing slopes for previous vs. upcoming images across time, with a gradual decline of evidence for the previous image and a gradual increase of evidence for the upcoming image. Moreover, the ratio of upcoming vs. previous image evidence directly followed behavioral learning rates. Finally, eye movement data revealed that participants increasingly used the task-free period to anticipate upcoming image locations, with target-precision slopes paralleling both behavioral performance measures as well as EEG decodability of the upcoming image across time. Together, these results unveil the neural and behavioral dynamics underlying the gradual transition from learning to memory-guided action.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensory systems: Geckos shake up our understanding of vertebrate audition. 感觉系统：壁虎颠覆了我们对脊椎动物听觉的认识。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.037

Duncan B Leitch

引用次数: 0

Incorporating biotic interactions to better model current and future vegetation of the maritime Antarctic. 纳入生物相互作用，更好地模拟当前和未来南极海洋植被。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.011

Bernardo Rocha, Pedro Pinho, Paolo Giordani, Laura Concostrina-Zubiri, Gonçalo Vieira, Pedro Pina, Cristina Branquinho, Paula Matos

{"title":"Incorporating biotic interactions to better model current and future vegetation of the maritime Antarctic.","authors":"Bernardo Rocha, Pedro Pinho, Paolo Giordani, Laura Concostrina-Zubiri, Gonçalo Vieira, Pedro Pina, Cristina Branquinho, Paula Matos","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"Maritime Antarctica's harsh abiotic conditions forged simple terrestrial ecosystems, mostly constituted of bryophytes, lichens, and vascular plants. Though biotic interactions are, together with abiotic factors, thought to help shape this ecosystem, influencing species' distribution and, indirectly, mediating their response to climate, the importance of these interactions is still fairly unknown. We modeled current and future abundance patterns of bryophytes, lichens, and vascular plants, accounting for biotic interactions and abiotic drivers, along a climatic gradient in maritime Antarctica. The influence of regional climate and other drivers was modeled using structural equation models, with and without biotic interactions. Models with biotic interactions performed better; the one offering higher ecological support was used to estimate current and future spatial distributions of vegetation. Results suggest that plants are confined to lower elevations, negatively impacting bryophytes and lichens, whereas at higher elevations both climate and other drivers influence bryophytes and lichens. Our findings strongly support the use of biotic interactions to predict the spatial distribution of Antarctic vegetation.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Auditory pathway for detection of vibration in the tokay gecko. 托卡壁虎检测振动的听觉通路。

IF 8.1 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.016

Dawei Han, Catherine E Carr

引用次数: 0