Diagnostic and interventional radiology最新文献

{"title":"Machine learning models for discriminating clinically significant from clinically insignificant prostate cancer using bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Hakan Ayyıldız, Okan İnce, Esin Korkut, Merve Gülbiz Dağoğlu Kartal, Atadan Tunacı, Şükrü Mehmet Ertürk","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.242856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2024.242856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to demonstrate the performance of machine learning algorithms to distinguish clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) from clinically insignificant prostate cancer (ciPCa) in prostate bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using radiomics features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MRI images of patients who were diagnosed with cancer with histopathological confirmation following prostate MRI were collected retrospectively. Patients with a Gleason score of 3+3 were considered to have clinically ciPCa, and patients with a Gleason score of 3+4 and above were considered to have csPCa. Radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted (T2W) images, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images, and their corresponding Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) filtered versions. Additionally, a third feature subset was created by combining the T2W and ADC images, enhancing the analysis with an integrated approach. Once the features were extracted, Pearson's correlation coefficient and selection were performed using wrapper-based sequential algorithms. The models were then built using support vector machine (SVM) and logistic regression (LR) machine learning algorithms. The models were validated using a five-fold cross-validation technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 77 patients, 30 with ciPCA and 47 with csPCA. From each image, four images were extracted with LoG filtering, and 111 features were obtained from each image. After feature selection, 5 features were obtained from T2W images, 5 from ADC images, and 15 from the combined dataset. In the SVM model, area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.64 for T2W, 0.86 for ADC, and 0.86 for the combined dataset were obtained in the test set. In the LR model, AUC values of 0.79 for T2W, 0.86 for ADC, and 0.85 for the combined dataset were obtained.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Machine learning models developed with radiomics can provide a decision support system to complement pathology results and help avoid invasive procedures such as re-biopsies or follow-up biopsies that are sometimes necessary today.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This study demonstrates that machine learning models using radiomics features derived from bi-parametric MRI can discriminate csPCa from clinically insignificant PCa. These findings suggest that radiomics-based machine learning models have the potential to reduce the need for re-biopsy in cases of indeterminate pathology, assist in diagnosing pathology-radiology discordance, and support treatment decision-making in the management of PCa.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors effecting the success of retrograde tibiopedal access and recanalization in infrapopliteal artery occlusions.","authors":"Cemal Aydın Gündoğmuş, Hande Özen Atalay, Vugar Samadli, Levent Oğuzkurt","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.242833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2024.242833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is increasingly prevalent, particularly among the aging population. Retrograde tibiopedal access (RTPA) has emerged as a useful endovascular treatment for PAD. However, there is limited research examining factors that influence the efficacy of RTPA. To investigate factors affecting the access, crossing, and recanalization success rates of RTPA for infrapopliteal PAD treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 720 patients who underwent endovascular treatment for PAD. Of these, 104 patients (mean age: 65.5 ± 16.2; 89 men) with 131 RTPA trials were included in the final evaluation. The disease and its duration, Rutherford score, smoking status, access site, and its occlusion status, access, crossing, and recanalization success were noted. Data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests and multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the impact of various factors on success rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The access success rate was 82.6%, the crossing success rate was 95.4%, and the recanalization success rate was 74%. Access success was significantly higher when the dorsal pedal artery (DPA) was the access artery compared with the posterior tibial artery (91.3% vs. 74.2%, <i>P</i> = 0.009). Access success was notably lower in patients with thromboangiitis obliterans compared with patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-DM atherosclerosis (68.6% vs. 90.3% and 80.3%, <i>P</i> = 0.019). Recanalization success was higher when the puncture site was non-occluded (76.7% vs. 53.5%, <i>P</i> = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that RTPA is a generally effective and safe technique for infrapopliteal PAD treatment. The most favorable outcomes are observed in individuals with DM who have a non-occluded DPA at the puncture site. Recanalization success is only affected by the patency of the artery at the puncture site.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>These findings offer targeted guidance for clinicians and highlight areas requiring further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical and subcortical structural changes in pediatric patients with infratentorial tumors.","authors":"Barış Genç, Kerim Aslan, Derya Bako, Semra Delibalta, Meltem Necibe Ceyhan Bilgici","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.242652","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2024.242652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to detect supratentorial cortical and subcortical morphological changes in pediatric patients with infratentorial tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 24 patients aged 4-18 years who were diagnosed with primary infratentorial tumors and 41 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Synthetic magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo images of brain magnetic resonance imaging were generated using deep learning algorithms applied to T2-axial images. The cortical thickness, surface area, volume, and local gyrification index (LGI), as well as subcortical gray matter volumes, were automatically calculated. Surface-based morphometry parameters for the patient and control groups were compared using the general linear model, and volumes between subcortical structures were compared using the t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the patient group, cortical thinning was observed in the left supramarginal, and cortical thickening was observed in the left caudal middle frontal (CMF), left fusiform, left lateral orbitofrontal, left lingual gyrus, right CMF, right posterior cingulate, and right superior frontal (<i>P</i> < 0.050). The patient group showed a volume reduction in the pars triangularis, paracentral, precentral, and supramarginal gyri of the left hemisphere (<i>P</i> < 0.05). A decreased surface area was observed in the bilateral superior frontal and cingulate gyri (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The patient group exhibited a decreased LGI in the right precentral and superior temporal gyri, left supramarginal, and posterior cingulate gyri and showed an increased volume in the bilateral caudate nucleus and hippocampus, while a volume reduction was observed in the bilateral putamen, pallidum, and amygdala (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The ventricular volume and tumor volume showed a positive correlation with the cortical thickness in the bilateral CMF while demonstrating a negative correlation with areas exhibiting a decreased LGI (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Posterior fossa tumors lead to widespread morphological changes in cortical structures, with the most prominent pattern being hypogyria.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This study illuminates the neurological impacts of infratentorial tumors in children, providing a foundation for future therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating these adverse cortical and subcortical changes and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"328-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of body composition and systemic inflammation for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer following concurrent chemoradiotherapy","authors":"Juan Li, Cuili Niu, Ling Zhang, Yanmin Mu, Xiuyin Gui","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.242751","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2024.242751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Systemic inflammation and body composition are associated with survival outcomes of cancer patients. This study aimed to examine the combined prognostic value of systemic inflammatory markers and body composition parameters in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for LACC at a tertiary referral teaching hospital between January 2010 and January 2018 were enrolled. A predictive model was established based on systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and computer tomography-derived visceral fat-to-muscle ratio (vFMR). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models. The model performance was assessed using discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 212 patients were enrolled. The SII and vFMR were closely related, and both independently predicted survival (<i>P</i> < 0.05). A predictive model was established based on the above biomarkers and included three subgroups: high-risk [both high SII (>828) and high vFMR (>1.1)], middle-risk (either high SII or high vFMR), and low-risk (neither high SII nor high vFMR). The 3-year OS (PFS) rates for low-, middle-, and high-risk patients were 90.5% (86.0%), 73.9% (58.4%), and 46.8% (36.1%), respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.05). This model demonstrated satisfactory predictive accuracy (area under the curve values for predicting 3-year OS and PFS were 0.704 and 0.718, respectively), good fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow tests: <i>P</i> > 0.05), and clinical usefulness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Systemic inflammatory markers combined with body composition parameters could independently predict the prognosis of patients with LACC, highlighting the utilization of commonly collected indicators in decision-making processes.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The SII and vFMR, as well as their composite indices, were promising prognostic factors in patients with LACC who received definitive CCRT. Future studies are needed to explore novel therapies to improve the outcomes in high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"279-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous nephrostomy in infants: a 20-year single-center experience","authors":"Onur Taydaş, Emre Ünal, Devrim Akıncı, Mehmet Şeker, Osman Melih Topçuoğlu, Okan Akhan, Türkmen Turan Çiftçi","doi":"10.4274/dir.2023.232276","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2023.232276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the safety and efficacy of the imaging-guided percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) procedure in infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 75 (50 boys; 66.7%) patients with a mean age of 121 days (range, 1-351 days) who underwent PCN over a period of 20 years were included in this retrospective study. For each patient, PCN indications, catheter size, the mean duration of catheterization, complications, and the procedure performed following nephrostomy were recorded. Technical success was determined based on the successful placement of the nephrostomy catheter within the pelvicalyceal system. Clinical success was defined as the complete resolution of hydronephrosis and improvement in renal function tests during follow-up. In patients with urinary leakage, technical and clinical success was determined based on the resolution of leakage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The technical success rate was 100%, and no procedure-related mortality was observed. In 11 patients (14.7%), bilateral PCN was performed. The most frequent indication of PCN was ureteropelvic junction obstruction (n = 41, 54.7%). Procedure-related major complications were encountered in two patients (methemoglobinemia and respiratory arrest caused by the local anesthetic agent in one patient and the development of urinoma caused by urinary leakage from the puncture site in the other). Mild urinary leakage was the only minor complication that occurred and only in one patient. Catheter-related complications were managed through replacement or revision surgery in 16 patients (21.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Imaging-guided PCN is a feasible and effective procedure with high technical success and low major complication rates, and it is useful for protecting kidney function in infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"318-324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10024131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of gelatin sponge to seal the biliary tract after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in patients with liver transplants.","authors":"Ali Özgen","doi":"10.4274/dir.2023.232344","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2023.232344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is commonly used in the treatment of malign and benign biliary pathologies. Certain complications after PTBD may occur, such as biliary fistula, biliary leakage, bilioma, and hematoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of using a sterile gelatin sponge to seal the biliary tract after PTBD in patients with liver transplants to prevent complications. A total of 131 biliary drainages were introduced in 97 patients, and a sterile gelatin sponge was used to seal the biliary tract after removal of the biliary drainage catheter. The patients were immediately examined for complications using ultrasound and then followed up clinically unless imaging was required. Five fluid collections within the liver with a diameter <2 cm, consistent with hematoma or bilioma, were resolved spontaneously. No hematoma or bilioma required treatment, and no biliary leakage or fistula was detected. No compli¬cations related to the use of the sponge were observed. The use of a sterile gelatin sponge is a safe and effec-tive method for sealing the biliary tract to prevent complications after PTBD in patients with liver transplants.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"325-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10125048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-research on reporting guidelines for artificial intelligence: are authors and reviewers encouraged enough in radiology, nuclear medicine, and medical imaging journals?","authors":"Burak Koçak, Ali Keleş, Fadime Köse","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.232604","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2024.232604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine how radiology, nuclear medicine, and medical imaging journals encourage and mandate the use of reporting guidelines for artificial intelligence (AI) in their author and reviewer instructions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The primary source of journal information and associated citation data used was the Journal Citation Reports (June 2023 release for 2022 citation data; Clarivate Analytics, UK). The first- and second-quartile journals indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded and the Emerging Sources Citation Index were included. The author and reviewer instructions were evaluated by two independent readers, followed by an additional reader for consensus, with the assistance of automatic annotation. Encouragement and submission requirements were systematically analyzed. The reporting guidelines were grouped as AI-specific, related to modeling, and unrelated to modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 102 journals, 98 were included in this study, and all of them had author instructions. Only five journals (5%) encouraged the authors to follow AI-specific reporting guidelines. Among these, three required a filled-out checklist. Reviewer instructions were found in 16 journals (16%), among which one journal (6%) encouraged the reviewers to follow AI-specific reporting guidelines without submission requirements. The proportions of author and reviewer encouragement for AI-specific reporting guidelines were statistically significantly lower compared with those for other types of guidelines (<i>P</i> < 0.05 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that AI-specific guidelines are not commonly encouraged and mandated (i.e., requiring a filled-out checklist) by these journals, compared with guidelines related to modeling and unrelated to modeling, leaving vast space for improvement. This meta-research study hopes to contribute to the awareness of the imaging community for AI reporting guidelines and ignite large-scale group efforts by all stakeholders, making AI research less wasteful.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This meta-research highlights the need for improved encouragement of AI-specific guidelines in radiology, nuclear medicine, and medical imaging journals. This can potentially foster greater awareness among the AI community and motivate various stakeholders to collaborate to promote more efficient and responsible AI research reporting practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"291-298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout and the role of mentorship for radiology trainees and early career radiologists","authors":"Richard J Fagan, Dane Eskildsen, Tara Catanzano, Rachel Stanietzky, Serageldin Kamel, Mohamed Eltaher, Khaled M Elsayes","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.242825","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2024.242825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burnout is a widespread issue among physicians, including radiologists and radiology trainees. Long hours, isolation, and substantial stress levels contribute to healthcare workers experiencing a substantially higher rate of burnout compared with other professionals. Resident physicians, continuously exposed to stressors such as new clinical situations and performance feedback, are particularly susceptible. Mentorship has proven to be an effective strategy in mitigating burnout. Various mentorship delivery models exist, all aiming to have mentors serve as role models to mentees, thereby alleviating stress and anxiety. Physician groups and healthcare enterprises have actively implemented these programs, recognizing them as both successful and cost-effective. This article explores different mentorship models, their implementation processes, and the effectiveness of these programs as a standard component of academic departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"313-317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of two artificial intelligence-based methods for assessing bone age in Turkish children: BoneXpert and VUNO Med-Bone Age.","authors":"Evrim Özmen, Hande Özen Atalay, Evren Uzer, Mert Veznikli","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.242790","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2024.242790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the validity of two artificial intelligence (AI)-based bone age assessment programs, BoneXpert and VUNO Med-Bone Age (VUNO), compared with manual assessments using the Greulich-Pyle method in Turkish children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included a cohort of 292 pediatric cases, ranging in age from 1 to 15 years with an equal gender and number distribution in each age group. Two radiologists, who were unaware of the bone age determined by AI, independently evaluated the bone age. The statistical study involved using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to measure the level of agreement between the manual and AI-based assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ICC coefficients for the agreement between the manual measurements of two radiologists indicate almost perfect agreement. When all cases, regardless of gender and age group, were analyzed, an almost perfect positive agreement was observed between the manual and software measurements. When bone age calculations were analyzed separately for boys and girls, no statistically significant differences were found between the two AI-based methods in any subgroup. For boys regardless of age, the ICCs were 0.995 for VUNO and 0.994 for BoneXpert (z = 1.597, <i>P</i> = 0.110), while for girls, the ICCs were 0.994 and 0.995, respectively (z = -1.303, <i>P</i> = 0.193). The overall agreement with manual measurements was high for both VUNO and BoneXpert. In both boys and girls, the agreement remained consistent across different age groups. These findings indicate that both AI-based bone age assessment tools have a high degree of agreement with manual measurements across all age and gender groups, with no significant superiority of one method over the other.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both BoneXpert and VUNO demonstrated high validity in assessing bone age, with no statistically significant differences between the two methods across gender or pubertal status groups. Notably, this study represents the first evaluation of both BoneXpert and VUNO for bone age assessment in Turkish children, highlighting their potential as reliable and clinically relevant tools for this population.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Investigating the most suitable AI program for the Turkish population could be clinically significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility study of computed high b-value diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for pediatric posterior fossa tumors.","authors":"Semra Delibalta, Barış Genç, Meltem Ceyhan Bilgici, Kerim Aslan","doi":"10.4274/dir.2024.242720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2024.242720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of computed diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in pediatric posterior fossa tumors generated using high b-values.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively performed our study on 32 pediatric patients who had undergone brain magnetic resonance imaging for a posterior fossa tumor between January 2016 and January 2022. The DWIs were evaluated for each patient by two blinded radiologists. The computed DWI (cDWI) was mathematically derived using a mono-exponential model from images with b = 0 and 1,000 s/mm² and high b-values of 1,500, 2,000, 3,000, and 5,000 s/mm². The posterior fossa tumors were divided into two groups, low grade and high grade, and the tumor/thalamus signal intensity (SI) ratios were compared. The Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the diagnostic performance of the acquired DWI (DWI₁₀₀₀), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)₁₀₀₀ maps, and cDWI (cDWI1500, cDWI₂₀₀₀, cDWI₃₀₀₀, and cDWI₅₀₀₀).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The comparison of the two tumor groups revealed that the tumor/thalamus SI ratio on the DWI₁₀₀₀ and cDWI (cDWI1500, cDWI₂₀₀₀, cDWI₃₀₀₀, and cDWI₅₀₀₀) was statistically significantly higher in high-grade tumors (<i>P</i> < 0.001). In the ROC curve analysis, higher sensitivity and specificity were detected in the cDWI1500, cDWI₂₀₀₀, cDWI₃₀₀₀, and ADC₁₀₀₀ maps (100%, 90.90%) compared with the DWI₁₀₀₀ (80%, 81.80%). cDWI₃₀₀₀ had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value compared with other parameters (AUC: 0.976).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>cDWI generated using high b-values was successful in differentiating between low-grade and high-grade posterior fossa tumors without increasing imaging time.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>cDWI created using high b-values can provide additional information about tumor grade in pediatric posterior fossa tumors without requiring additional imaging time.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}