Diabetology International最新文献

{"title":"A fact-finding survey on pre-ulcerative lesions of foot in patients with diabetes: analysis using the Diabetes Study from the Center of Tokyo Women's Medical University 2018 (DIACET 2018).","authors":"Haruna Azuma, Kazuki Ikura, Junnosuke Miura, Tetsuya Babazono","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00649-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00649-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims/introduction: </strong>We aimed to identify the frequency and risk factors of pre-ulcerative lesions of foot in Japanese individuals with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a single-center cross-sectional observational study. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 5029 individuals with diabetes (mean age 63 years; 2185 women; 1015 individuals with type 1 diabetes and 4014 individuals with type 2 diabetes) who (a) participated in the Diabetes Study from the Center of Tokyo Women's Medical University: DIACET 2018, and (b) responded to the presence of pre-ulcerative lesions of foot. A pre-ulcerative lesions of foot was defined as a calluses, ingrown nails, or symptoms of fungal infection. The associations between pre-ulcerative lesions of foot and commonly available clinical information were examined using the logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>412 of 1015 (40.6%) individuals with type 1 diabetes and 1585 of 4014 (39.5%) individuals with type 2 diabetes reported having any type of pre-ulcerative lesions of foot. The frequency of calluses, ingrown nails, and symptoms of fungal infection, respectively, were 16.8%, 15.8%, and 21.9% in type 1 diabetes and 10.5%, 18.5%, and 24.7% in type 2 diabetes. In the separate analysis by type of diabetes, common risk factors found to be significantly correlated with pre-ulcerative lesions of foot were female gender, numbness in the feet and foot deformation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Proactive foot screening by health care professionals was considered important, especially in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with advanced complications and foot deformation.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00649-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41113890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-GAD antibody-positive fulminant type 1 diabetes developed following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.","authors":"Tomohito Izumi, Hironobu Takahashi, Hironori Takahashi","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00648-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00648-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been used worldwide since the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. However, several negative side-effects of these vaccines have been reported. Herein, we present a case of a patient with fulminant type 1 diabetes that developed shortly after administration of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. A 47-year-old man with no medical history presented with hyperglycemia-related symptoms shortly after receiving the third messenger ribonucleic acid SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Based on hyperglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis at onset, relatively low hemoglobin A1c levels, and complete depletion of endogenous insulin secretion, the patient was diagnosed with fulminant type 1 diabetes and insulin therapy was initiated. Through human leukocyte antigen genotyping, the disease-susceptible alleles for type 1 diabetes, DRB1*04:05 and DQB1*04:01, were identified. The patient tested positive for serum anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, which are normally negative for fulminant type 1 diabetes, implying that immunomodulation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination influenced the onset of type 1 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41115312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of joint limitation and balance control on gait changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.","authors":"Hiroyuki Yamasaki, Yoshiro Abe, Shunsuke Mima, Mayu Bando, Shinji Nagasaka, Yutaro Yamashita, Kazuhide Mineda, Akio Kuroda, Munehide Matsuhisa, Masahiro Takaiwa, Ichiro Hashimoto","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00647-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00647-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study analyzed the gait patterns of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) patients and changes in the center of mass sway to prevent the formation and recurrence of foot ulcers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two subjects were divided into the diabetes mellitus (DM), DPN, and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) groups. We measured the range of motion (ROM) of the lower limb joints in the resting position and the center of mass sway in the standing position. Joint angles, ROM during walking, and distance factors were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the DFU group, ROM limitation during walking was detected at the knee joint, and functional and ROM limitations were found at the ankle joint. The step length ratio and step width in the DFU group were significantly lower and higher than those in the DM group, respectively. The sway distances in the DFU group were greater than those in the DM and DPN groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Functional joint limitations and gait changes due to the decreased ability to maintain the center of gravity were observed in the DFU group. As DPN progressed, the patients' gait became small, wide, and shuffled. Thus, supporting joint movement during walking may help reduce the incidence and recurrence of foot ulcers.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00647-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pemafibrate on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study.","authors":"Kaoru Yamamoto, Yasuharu Ohta, Akihiko Taguchi, Masaru Akiyama, Hiroko Nakabayashi, Yuko Nagao, Hatanaka Ryoko, Yasuaki Wada, Takeshi Yamamoto, Masafumi Yano, Yukio Tanizawa","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00645-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00645-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims/introduction: </strong>Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized predominantly by diastolic dysfunction. The multiple mechanisms underlying DCM include altered energy substrate utilization. Recent studies indicate that PPARα plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. Pemafibrate is known to be a selective PPARα modulator (SPPARMα). We thus investigated the effects of pemafibrate on cardiac diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Seventeen patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertriglyceridemia were screened and treated with pemafibrate at a dose of 0.2 mg/day for 8-16 weeks. Fourteen patients were eligible for analysis. Echocardiography was used for assessment of diastolic function. Early diastolic filling velocity (E), late atrial filling velocity (A) and the E/A ratio were included in this study. Peak early diastolic annular velocities (e') were also assessed using color tissue Doppler images. The primary endpoints were changes in the ratio of E to A (E/A), e', and the ratio of E to e' (E/e') from baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pemafibrate significantly increased average e' (7.24 ± 0.58 vs 7.94 ± 0.67, <i>p</i> = 0.019) and a significant reduction in E/e' (9.01 ± 0.94 vs 8.20 ± 0.91, <i>p</i> = 0.041). The increase in e' was significantly related to increases in fasting blood glucose (<i>r</i> = 0.607, <i>p</i> = 0.021) and non-esterified fatty acid (<i>r</i> = 0.592, <i>p</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pemafibrate improved diastolic function in patients with T2D and hypertriglyceridemia, suggesting that PPARα activation by pemafibrate prevents the development of DCM at an early stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41118230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus may be treated in both early and late pregnancy, especially in patients with pre-pregnancy overweight: A cross-sectional study in Japan.","authors":"Ayaka Takemoto, Yoshio Nagai, Shin Kawanabe, Tomoko Nakagawa, Kaho Matsumoto, Jyunichi Hasegawa, Nao Suzuki, Yasushi Tanaka, Masakatsu Sone","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00646-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00646-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The significance of diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in early pregnancy is controversial. We used the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria to investigate whether clinical background and neonatal outcomes differ depending on when GDM is diagnosed in early or late pregnancy. This was a single-center, observational study conducted between November 2012 and March 2020 at St. Marianna University Hospital (Kawasaki, Japan). We compared the background and perinatal outcomes of patients with GDM depending on the time of diagnosis (at < 24 gestational weeks or ≥ 24 weeks). Insulin sensitivity index, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and β-cell function were calculated from a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Stratified analysis was performed by pre-pregnancy BMI in patients with early GDM. As a result, in the 507 patients, 89.9% gave birth at our hospital. The pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly higher in patients with early GDM than in those with late GDM (the median [interquartile range], 22.7 [20.3, 26.3] and 21.5 [19.3, 23.8] kg/m², respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.001). Perinatal outcomes were not different between the two groups. However, in the subgroup analysis of patients with early GDM, the prevalence of large-for-gestational-age infants was significantly higher in the group with overweight (15.4% vs 2.1%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.008). In conclusion, patients with GDM using the IADPSG criteria in early pregnancy may be treated, especially in patients with pre-pregnancy overweight.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41105362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: A consensus statement from the Japan Diabetes Society (JDS): a proposed algorithm for pharmacotherapy in people with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Ryotaro Bouchi,&nbsp;Tatsuya Kondo,&nbsp;Yasuharu Ohta,&nbsp;Atsushi Goto,&nbsp;Daisuke Tanaka,&nbsp;Hiroaki Satoh,&nbsp;Daisuke Yabe,&nbsp;Rimei Nishimura,&nbsp;Norio Harada,&nbsp;Hideki Kamiya,&nbsp;Ryo Suzuki,&nbsp;Toshimasa Yamauchi","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00644-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00644-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13340-022-00605-x.].</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533423/pdf/13340_2023_Article_644.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41113818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary carbohydrate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.","authors":"Akinori Yaegashi, Satoshi Sunohara, Takashi Kimura, Wen Hao, Takato Moriguchi, Akiko Tamakoshi","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00642-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00642-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous meta-analyses have assessed the relationship between carbohydrate intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk; however, they included few studies of Asian populations who have a higher carbohydrate intake and lower insulin secretory capacity than non-Asians. Since the publication of the previous meta-analyses, three further studies of Asian populations have been conducted. Based on this background, the present study aimed to perform an updated systematically examine observational studies concerning the link between dietary carbohydrate intake and T2D risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search for cohort studies that investigated the target association. For each analyzed study, parameter-adjusted risk ratios were used to compare the lowest and highest carbohydrate-intake groups in terms of their risk of incident T2D. The risk ratios were calculated using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten publications were analyzed. Overall, carbohydrate intake was found not to be associated with increased risk ratios of incident T2D (risk ratio [RR] = 1.07; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.94, 1.21; P < 0.01, I² = 61.9%). However, studies of Asian populations reported that high carbohydrate intake is significantly associated with this risk (RR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.15, 1.45; P = 0.59, I² = 0.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This updated meta-analysis showed that, overall, carbohydrate intake is not associated with the risk of T2D; nevertheless, a significant association exists among Asian populations. To confirm the association between dietary carbohydrate intake and T2D risk observed in this study, further evidence from long-term observational studies of Asian populations is required.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00642-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41118272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of prediabetes with a high risk of diabetes stratified by glycated hemoglobin level on the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 during admission.","authors":"Seizaburo Masuda, Tetsuya Yamada, Nozomi Hanzawa","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00643-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00643-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Prediabetes with a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 5.7 - 6.4% is associated with a poor prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but whether the degree of glycemic control is associated with COVID-19 severity is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the degree of glycemic control and COVID-19 severity in patients with prediabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We reviewed 254 patients with COVID-19 admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and September 2021. Based on their HbA1c level, patients were classified into low (HbA1c level < 5.7%), moderate (HbA1c level, 5.7 - 5.9%), and high risk of diabetes (HbA1c level, 6.0 - 6.4%). The association between risk of diabetes and the worst COVID-19 symptom in terms of severity during admission was evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-one and 88 patients had moderate and high risks of diabetes, respectively. Sixty-three and seven patients presented severe (requiring non-invasive oxygen therapy) or critical (intensive care unit admission or artificial respiratory management) COVID-19. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a high risk of diabetes was correlated with severe COVID-19 (<i>P</i> = 0.01) after adjusting for baseline characteristics, whereas a moderate risk of diabetes was not (<i>P</i> = 0.17).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prediabetes with a high risk of diabetes is associated with the worst COVID-19 symptom in terms of severity during admission. Our findings could aid in more efficient allocation of healthcare resources to a narrower population of prediabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00643-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41108429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lost in translation: assessing the nomenclature change for diabetic kidney disease in Japan.","authors":"Tetsuya Babazono, Tatsumi Moriya","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00639-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00639-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently in Japan, the term \"tonyobyo sei jinzobyo\", the Japanese translation of \"diabetic kidney disease\", has been increasingly used in place of the term \"tonyobyo sei jinsho\", the Japanese translation of \"diabetic nephropathy\". Many international diabetes and nephrology guidelines have defined diabetic kidney disease as a condition caused by diabetes, typically presenting with albuminuria, similar to or identical to current and historical definitions for diabetic nephropathy. However, recent guidelines from the Japanese Society of Nephrology propose a broader disease concept for the term diabetic kidney disease, including patients without albuminuria. A rationale for proposing a broader disease concept for diabetic kidney disease may have come from changes in the kidney phenotype of patients with diabetes observed in recent years. Epidemiological studies have shown that an increasing proportion of patients with diabetes have reduced kidney function, while the prevalence of those with albuminuria appears to have decreased. However, these studies also suggested that the more advanced age of patients presenting with diabetes and increased use of renin-angiotensin system blockers may have contributed to this change in disease phenotype. We believe the principal rationale for the nomenclature change from diabetic nephropathy to diabetic kidney disease was to create a more easily understood, lay-language term for English speakers, rather than to create a term to encompass a broader population of diabetes with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Further discussion and international consensus are needed for the definition of diabetic kidney disease, to avoid ambiguity or possible confusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41115755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo relationship between bound and free insulin in patients with diabetes having anti-insulin antibodies.","authors":"Hiroyuki Asaka, Shigehiro Karashima, Daisuke Chujo, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Mikiya Usukura, Kunimasa Yagi, Ko Aiga, Takashi Yoneda","doi":"10.1007/s13340-023-00641-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-023-00641-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Scatchard plot of anti-insulin antibodies is curvilinear, indicating heterogeneity in binding sites. However, the relationship between bound insulin (B) and free insulin (F) in patients with anti-insulin antibodies has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to determine this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied two insulin-treated patients with diabetes who had high titers of anti-insulin antibodies. The B and F levels were measured using daily blood samples. Assuming that the law of mass action is applicable to the reactions between insulin and anti-insulin antibody forms, we plotted the bound-to-free ratio (B/F) vs. B using patient data. We also performed an equilibrium binding assay in vitro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some of the B/F vs. B plots of the daily variation showed an approximately linear relationship, while the Scatchard plots of in vitro data became curvilinear.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that the one-site (high-affinity site) of anti-insulin antibodies accounts, for the most part, for insulin pharmacokinetics within physiological insulin concentrations.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00641-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10533445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41119200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}