Dermatology Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Trifarotene: A Novel Therapeutic Option for Acne.","authors":"Piyu Parth Naik","doi":"10.1155/2022/1504303","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/1504303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acne vulgaris, or acne, is a prevailing cutaneous predicament that customarily crops up on the face, neck, and trunk in the forms of comedones, papules, pustules, and nodules. According to epidemiologic explorations, acne affects 9.4% of the global population, making it the eighth most common disease globally. Acne perturbs up to 85% of adolescents, while it is periodically misconceived as an ailment that affects teenagers only; nonetheless, it also affects myriad adults. Acne has well-documented psychosocial ramifications, including adverse effects on self-perception, mental health, and social functioning. Trifarotene is basically a novel fourth-generation locally applied retinoid approved for the first time in the regimens of both face and truncal acnes. The exclusive topical retinoid that adheres precisely to RAR-gamma, the epidermis' most frequent isoform, is trifarotene, approved in October 2019. The current review evaluates the role of trifarotene in treating acne.</p>","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9166940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90180342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Lactium™ in Psychodermatology: The CERTAIN Trial# on Patients with Acne Vulgaris","authors":"A. Kerure, S. Udare, C. Vispute","doi":"10.1155/2022/2916317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2916317","url":null,"abstract":"Stress plays an important role in the causation and aggravation of psychodermatological conditions such as acne vulgaris. Alpha casein hydrolysate (αs1-casein hydrolysate; Lactium) has been shown to decrease serum cortisol levels, reduce stress-related symptoms, and promote relaxation. “This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of Lactium™ plus standard care to those of standard of care alone in reducing stress levels and acne severity in patients with acne vulgaris.” The C.E.R.T.A.I.N trial (Name registered with Clinical Trials Registry-India-No. CTRI/2019/01/017172) is a randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label, two-arm, investigator-initiated clinical trial. A total of 100 patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the two groups: Lactium™ plus standard care or standard care alone. Stress levels were assessed using serum cortisol levels, Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) acne severity scale scores, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores, and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) scores. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was also used to assess the impact of the skin disease on patients' quality of life. At 12 weeks, stress levels were significantly lower in group A (Nixiyax plus standard of care) than that in group B(only standard care), as measured by the change in serum cortisol levels (4.75 ± 4.46 vs. −0.24 ± 5.22). Furthermore, the mean change in PSS scores (3.09 ± 2.04 vs. 0.90 ± 2.76) and HAM-A scores (5.11 ± 1.94 vs. 1.25 ± 3.13) was significant. Patients in both arms had a significant decrease in total, inflammatory, and noninflammatory acne lesions, as well as a significant improvement in DLQI and IGA scores. In patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris, Lactium™ was found to be both safe and well-tolerated. Lactium™ plus standard care is more effective than standard care alone in reducing acne severity through stress reduction.","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73239068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Combined Use of Metformin and Methotrexate in Psoriasis Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.","authors":"Huynh Thi Xuan Tam, Luong Nguyen Dac Thuy, Ngo Minh Vinh, Tran Ngoc Anh, Bui Thi Van","doi":"10.1155/2022/9838867","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/9838867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of metformin and methotrexate (MTX) versus MTX monotherapy in treating psoriasis in patients with metabolic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective clinical trial was conducted using metformin and MTX to treat psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome. A treatment group of 35 psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome was treated with MTX and metformin. A control group of 31 psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome was treated with MTX only.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients treated with the combined regimen showed measured improvement in disease status compared to those treated with MTX monotherapy. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores of psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome using the metformin and MTX combination were significantly lower than those treated with MTX only (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The combination treatment group also showed a significant decrease in blood sugar and triglyceride levels after 3 months (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in subclinical indexes between the treatment and control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this treatment sample, a combination of metformin and MTX in psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome showed positive responses and no serious side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9054475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90491906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Quantitative Scale of Acanthosis Nigricans in Neck is Associated with Abdominal Obesity, HOMA-IR, and Hyperlipidemia in Obese Children from Mexico City: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"A. Burguete-García, Alan Gilberto Ramírez Valverde, Meztli Espinoza-León, Isaac Sánchez Vázquez, Evelyn Yazmín Estrada Ramírez, Itzel Maldonado-López, Alfredo Lagunas Martínez, Cinthya Estefhany Diaz Benítez, Roberto Karam Araujo, Diana Fernández-Madinaveitia, A. A. Anides Fonseca, M. Cruz, José de Jesús Peralta Romero","doi":"10.1155/2022/2906189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2906189","url":null,"abstract":"Background Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a clinical sign that commonly occurs in obesity; however, its specificity and sensitivity have been controversial. It is unknown if AN severity degree can be a useful marker for cardiometabolic disorders screening. We suggest that the stratified analysis of AN severity degree in neck by Burke's scale could be a useful tool in the screening of cardiometabolic alterations in obese children. Objective The aim of this study was the association of AN severity degree in neck by Burke's scale with anthropometric, biochemical, and inflammatory parameters in obese school-age children from Mexico City. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 95 obese school-age children stratified by AN severity degree in neck by Burke's scale. Anthropometric and fasting biochemical measurements were determined. Variables were compared by x2 test for frequencies and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni posttest for continuous variables. Linear regression analysis adjusted by gender, BMI, and age was performed to evaluate the association between AN severity degree and cardiometabolic alterations. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results As AN severity degree in neck by Burke's scale increased, diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001) and triglycerides (p=0.02) significantly increased and adiponectin significantly decreased (p=0.02). Positive associations between grade 3 AN and waist circumference, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were observed. Conclusion Our findings could be used to identify an easier clinical tool to prevent obesity progression and its complications in pediatrics. There are no similar studies.","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87164369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Androgenetic Alopecia and Psychosocial Disease Burden: A Cross-Sectional Survey among Polish Men","authors":"Roksana Adamowicz, P. Załęcki, Anna Dukiel, D. Nowicka","doi":"10.1155/2022/1845044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1845044","url":null,"abstract":"A decline in quality of life in men with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is frequently reported, so we aimed to evaluate the psychosocial burden related to AGA in Polish male patients with AGA. We enrolled 75 adult patients with AGA. The study was conducted in an outpatient dermatology clinic in Poland. Each participant answered 23 dedicated questions about demographic data, history of the disease, and a psychosocial condition. Overall, 38.7% of patients did not notice any impact of AGA on their contact with other people or activity in their free time; 50.7% of patients observed little or no effect on their relationship with their partner; 60% of patients often or sometimes felt embarrassed by their baldness (mainly those aged 18–25 years; p=0.002); 66.7% of patients reported a rather large negative impact on their self-esteem; and 81.3% of patients sometimes experienced stress in everyday life. We conclude that AGA impairs the emotional condition and social functioning of men of all ages, but particularly of younger men. Broader interventions should be planned to allow access to a psychological and psychosocial support, starting treatment at an early stage of the disease, and involving family physicians in the treatment of AGA.","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80277339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Brazilian Patients with Oral Lichen Planus Showing No Evidence of Malignancy","authors":"D. Migliari, N. Sugaya, S. Hirota","doi":"10.1155/2022/5937540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5937540","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives There is conflicting evidence as to whether oral lichen planus (OLP) can undergo malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to address this issue by analyzing a sample of Brazilian patients with either OLP or OSCC. Patients and Methods. This study was conducted in São Paulo, the world's fourth-largest city by population. Two groups of patients were analyzed. The OLP group consisted of 370 patients, while the OSCC group consisted of 154 patients. The OLP patients were followed up for up to 21 years to monitor clinical benefits from the management or changes in the lesion morphology; conversely, patients with OSCC were examined only twice for diagnostic purposes and referred to a specialized center. Data concerning systemic diseases, use of medications, type of oral lesions, and health-risk behaviors were recorded for patients in both groups. Results None of the patients with OLP developed OSCC at the lesion site. Only one female patient with erosive OLP developed OSCC in the normal, lesion-free oral mucosa. None of the OSCC patients had concomitant OLP lesions; however, a higher percentage of OSCC cases (17.5%) showed white plaques (most likely oral leukoplakia) as a precursor lesion. Conclusion The findings strongly suggest that malignant transformation of OLP is virtually nonexistent in the Brazilian population.","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90204575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene Expression of CD70 and CD27 Is Increased in Alopecia Areata Lesions and Associated with Disease Severity and Activity","authors":"Radwa El- Sayed Mahmoud Marie, Noha M. Abd El-Fadeel, Yara El-Sayed Marei, Lina M Atef","doi":"10.1155/2022/5004642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5004642","url":null,"abstract":"Background Alopecia areata (AA) is an acquired hair loss disorder induced by a cell-mediated autoimmune attack against anagen hair follicles. CD27-CD70 is a receptor-ligand complex which enhances T helper and cytotoxic T cell activation, survival, and proliferation. The overstimulation of this complex can lead to a lack of tolerance and the development of autoimmunity. Objectives This study aimed to assess the gene expression of CD27 and CD70 in patients with AA. Methods CD70 and CD27 mRNA expressions were evaluated by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in scalp biopsies from 40 AA patients (both AA lesions and non-lesional areas) and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score was used to assess AA severity. Patients were evaluated for signs of AA activity, including a positive hair pull test and dermoscopic features of black dots, broken hairs, and tapering hairs. Results The gene expression of CD70 and CD27 was significantly higher in AA lesions than in non-lesional areas (p < 0.001 for both) and HCs (p=0.004, p=0.014, respectively). There were significant positive correlations between AA severity and gene expression of CD70 (p < 0.001) and CD27 (p=0.030) in AA lesions. Significant associations were detected between signs of AA activity and lesional gene expression of CD70 and CD27. Additionally, CD70 and CD27 gene expression was significantly lower in non-lesional biopsies compared to HCs (p < 0.001). Conclusion Gene expression of CD70 and CD27 was increased in AA lesions and was associated with disease severity and activity. Thus, both molecules can be a predictor of AA severity and activity. Furthermore, the expression was reduced in non-lesional scalp areas. Thus, a lack of CD27 and CD70 expression may initially predispose to immunological dysregulation and the development of AA.","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82695250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a Band for Vehicles' Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations.","authors":"Nouf Jubran AlQahtani,&nbsp;Amnah Nabil Bukair,&nbsp;Ghada Naje Alessa,&nbsp;Hoor Fayez AlDushaishi,&nbsp;Syed Mehmood Ali","doi":"10.1155/2022/7238905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7238905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Solar radiations that reach the Earth can be divided into ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared. Overexposure to these radiations can facilitate adverse skin diseases such as sunburn, skin cancer, and photoaging. People who drive vehicles for an extended period are likely to develop skin cancer in the exposed body area.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This research proposes a wearable protective device around the upper arm to measure the transmitted radiation through the front and the side windows. A novel skin type classification algorithm using a color sensor was created to provide an accurate skin type identification. Also, the device was programmed to calculate the time before sunburn occurrence based on the ultraviolet index, sunscreen's sun protection factor, and skin type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prototype was tested inside a Toyota Camry model 2001 vehicle with an accuracy of 97%. The front window had transmitted more infrared radiation compared to the side window. The highest recorded value was 76.76 mW/cm². On the other hand, the side window had transmitted more ultraviolet compared to the front window as it lacks the protective polyvinyl butyral layer that the front window has. The highest recorded ultraviolet index was 3.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the importance of wearing the designed solar band and using appropriate UV and IR protection while driving a vehicle to prevent skin diseases from occurring.</p>","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10523948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different Approaches to Atopic Dermatitis by Allergists, Dermatologists, and Pediatricians.","authors":"Suzieni Padoin Zuccolo de Bortoli, Herberto José Chong Neto, Nelson Augusto Rosário Filho","doi":"10.1155/2021/6050091","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/6050091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease, with a vast drug arsenal and guidelines available for its management and diagnosis and different medical specialties engaged in providing care. This study aimed to outline the therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to the AD of allergists, dermatologists, and pediatricians and verify whether they are compliant with the guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study using an electronic questionnaire administered through the SurveyMonkey® platform was disclosed by participating medical societies to their medical associates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,473 participating physicians, the use of moisturizers as part of AD treatment was observed among pediatricians (91.9%), dermatologists (97.5%), and allergists (100%; <i>p</i>=0.07). The preference for the use of new emollients was lower among pediatricians (57%) than dermatologists (75.9%) and allergists (71.4%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The prevalence of wet-wrap therapy was lower among dermatologists (16.3%) than allergists (51%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The recommendation of proactive treatment with topical corticosteroids was more frequently reported by allergists (65.3%) than pediatricians (43.3%) and dermatologists (40.8%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and the same trend was observed in relation to proactive treatment using calcineurin inhibitors. The use of oral anti-histamines to control pruritus was mainly considered by pediatricians (69.2%) and dermatologists (59.2% <i>p</i> < 0.001). Clinical experience with systemic immunomodulating agents was greater among allergists (77.5%) and dermatologists (60.8%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), with cyclosporine being the most cited systemic immunomodulating agent. Environmental control of aeroallergens was recommended by pediatricians (89.8%), dermatologists (86.9%), and allergists (100%; <i>p</i>=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were differences in the therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to AD used by allergists, dermatologists, and pediatricians and those recommended by the guidelines, especially regarding the use of wet-wrap therapy, proactive treatment with topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors, prescription of anti-histamines, recommendation of phototherapy, and control of aeroallergens.</p>","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8664543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39596185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microneedling in Combination with Topical Pimecrolimus 1% versus Topical Pimecrolimus 1% for the Treatment of Refractory Stable Vitiligo: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Fariba Iraji,&nbsp;Ali Asilian,&nbsp;Zahra Talebzadeh,&nbsp;Mina Saber,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mokhtari,&nbsp;Amirhossein Siadat,&nbsp;Seyed Mohsen Hosseini","doi":"10.1155/2021/5652140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5652140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Vitiligo is a common, autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of the melanocytes and manifests as depigmented macules on various areas of the skin. Numerous treatment options have been proposed for vitiligo. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of microneedling plus topical pimecrolimus 1% versus the sole use of topical pimecrolimus 1% for the treatment of vitiligo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This clinical trial was conducted on 30 skin lesions on 15 Al-Zahra hospital patients. Each patient had two similar lesions in the limb area, and each lesion was considered a separate treatment group. The left or right side of the patient's lesion was randomly assigned to receive microneedling plus topical pimecrolimus for three months, while the other side received only topical pimecrolimus 1%. As part of the follow-up, digital photography was taken at the baseline and biweekly for three months after treatment and six months' follow-up. The following methods were used to evaluate the results: DLQI questionnaires, patient satisfaction questionnaires, and two independent dermatologists comparing the improvement rate for each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Topical pimecrolimus 1% treatment led to unsatisfactory results, whereas the combination of microneedling and topical pimecrolimus1% treatment produced a more favorable overall outcome (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study established that combination therapy results in more significant patient improvement. Additionally, one patient experienced mild skin irritation as a side effect of topical pimecrolimus.</p>","PeriodicalId":11338,"journal":{"name":"Dermatology Research and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8651420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39709794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}