Drugs under experimental and clinical research最新文献

Blockade by nifedipine of advanced glycation end product-induced CD40-CD40 ligand interaction in endothelial cells. 硝苯地平阻断内皮细胞晚期糖基化终产物诱导的CD40-CD40配体相互作用。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

S Yamagishi, S Kikuchi, K Takenaka, M Takeuchi

{"title":"Blockade by nifedipine of advanced glycation end product-induced CD40-CD40 ligand interaction in endothelial cells.","authors":"S Yamagishi, S Kikuchi, K Takenaka, M Takeuchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the senescent macroprotein derivatives that form in increased amounts in diabetes, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of accelerated atherosclerosis. There is a growing body of evidence that CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interaction also plays an important role in atherogenesis. However, the effects of AGEs on CD40-CD40L signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated (i) whether injection of AGE-proteins to normal rats stimulates CD40L expression on circulating platelets and (ii) whether AGEs up-regulate CD40 mRNA levels in cultured ECs. We further examined the effects of nifedipine, one of the most popular dihydropyridine-based calcium antagonists, on CD40 gene expression in AGE-exposed ECs. Platelet surface CD40L expression was increased in AGE-bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA)-injected rats, compared with nonglycated BSA administration. AGEs were found to induce up-regulation of CD40 mRNA levels in ECs, which were significantly blocked by nifedipine. These results suggest that AGEs could enhance CD40-CD40L interaction, thereby promoting atherosclerosis in diabetes. Blockade of CD40-CD40L signaling in ECs may be a molecular target for the vasculoprotective property of nifedipine.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25812769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Objective biophysical findings in patients with sensitive skin. 目的敏感性皮肤患者的生物物理表现。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

A V Roussaki-Schulze, E Zafiriou, D Nikoulis, E Klimi, E Rallis, E Zintzaras

{"title":"Objective biophysical findings in patients with sensitive skin.","authors":"A V Roussaki-Schulze, E Zafiriou, D Nikoulis, E Klimi, E Rallis, E Zintzaras","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The term sensitive skin has been used to describe a clinical phenomenon of hyperreactivity of the human skin, which develops exaggerated reactions when exposed to external factors. The aim of this study was to determine objective biophysical findings in patients with sensitive skin compared to those individuals with nonsensitive skin. Thirty-two patients with sensitive skin and 30 healthy volunteers with nonsensitive skin were studied. The testing methods included in vivo and in vitro tests: epicutaneous testing (Patch tests); measurement of sebum and hydration of the skin; alkali resistance test; stinging test with lactic acid; reaction to aqueous solution of methyl nicotinate 0.5%, 1.4% and acetyl-b-methylcholine chloride 1:1000; pH measurement; dermographism; and measurement of total and specific IgE. Significant results were observed in the measurement of sebum (p < 0.01) and hydration (p < 0.05) of the skin, in the alkali resistance test (p < 0.05), in the vascular reaction to methyl nicotinate (p < 0.01) and to acetyl-b-methylcholine chloride (p < 0.01) and in the skin response to allergens of the European standard (p < 0.01) and cosmetic series (p < 0.05). In addition, the subjective findings of stinging test produced significant results (p < 0.001) as was anticipated. Patients with sensitive skin possess very dry skin with low fatness, which leads to a disturbance of the protective skin barrier function. They also present a hyperreaction of the skin blood vessels, increased transcutaneous penetration of water-soluble chemicals, enhanced immune responsiveness, significant decrease of alkali resistance and a heightened neurosensory stimulation.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25827465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychiatric factors in patients with sensitive skin. 敏感皮肤患者的精神因素。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

E Zafiriou, N V Angelopoulos, E Zintzaras, E Rallis, A V Roussaki-Schulze

{"title":"Psychiatric factors in patients with sensitive skin.","authors":"E Zafiriou, N V Angelopoulos, E Zintzaras, E Rallis, A V Roussaki-Schulze","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The term sensitive skin has been used to describe a clinical phenomenon of skin hyperreactivity induced after exposure to different external factors. The diagnosis is mainly based on patient's self-assessment because of the lack of objective clinical signs of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate psychiatric factors in patients with sensitive skin and to estimate the possible need for psychological intervention to these patients. Thirty-seven patients with sensitive skin and 38 individuals with nonsensitive skin were studied. The psychometric instruments used were the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory/states of Anxiety and Depression (DSSI/sAD). Statistically significant differences in subjects with sensitive skin compared to those with nonsensitive skin were observed in the SCL-90 subscales of somatization, phobic anxiety, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity and the DSSI/sAD subscale of anxiety. Our findings suggest that somatization, anxiety, phobic anxiety, hostility and interpersonal sensitivity symptoms may be associated with hypersensitivity of human skin. Psychological factors should be taken into consideration in the treatment of patients with sensitive skin.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25827466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oral acute and subchronic toxicity of D-004, a lipid extract from Roystonea regia fruits, in rats. 王氏Roystonea果实脂质提取物D-004对大鼠的急性和亚慢性毒性研究。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

R Gámez, R Mas, M Noa, R Menéndez, H García, Y Rodríguez, Y Rodríguez, E Felipe, E Goicochea

{"title":"Oral acute and subchronic toxicity of D-004, a lipid extract from Roystonea regia fruits, in rats.","authors":"R Gámez, R Mas, M Noa, R Menéndez, H García, Y Rodríguez, Y Rodríguez, E Felipe, E Goicochea","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"D-004 is a lipid extract obtained from Cuban royal palm (Rosytonea regia) fruits, consisting of a mixture of fatty acids and esters. D-004 has shown protective effects on prostate hyperplasia induced by testosterone in rodents. We report the results of two studies investigating the acute and subchronic oral toxicity of D004 in rats. Oral acute toxicity of D-004 (2,000 mg/kg) was investigated in Sprague Dawley rats according to the acute toxic class method, and the results showed that D-004 oral acute toxicity was practically absent, being defined as unclassified. In the subchronic study, rats were orally treated with D-004 at 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg for 90 days. No evidence of treatment-related toxicity was detected. Thus, analysis of body weight gain, clinical observations, blood biochemistry, hematology, organ weight ratios and histopathological data did not show significant differences between control and treated groups. We conclude that D-004 orally administered to rats was safe and that no drug-related toxicity was detected even at the highest dose investigated in both acute and subchronic (2,000 mg/kg) studies. Thus, this dose can be considered as a nonobservable-effect dose in rats.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24912304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Successful treatment of genital and facial psoriasis with tacrolimus ointment 0.1%. 0.1%他克莫司软膏成功治疗生殖器和面部牛皮癣。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

E Rallis, A Nasiopoulou, C Kouskoukis, A Roussaki-Schulze, E Koumantaki, A Karpouzis, A Arvanitis

{"title":"Successful treatment of genital and facial psoriasis with tacrolimus ointment 0.1%.","authors":"E Rallis, A Nasiopoulou, C Kouskoukis, A Roussaki-Schulze, E Koumantaki, A Karpouzis, A Arvanitis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Tacrolimus is an immunomodulatory agent that inhibits the activation and maturation of T-cells and blocks transcriptional activation of several cytokine genes. It also interferes with the function of Langerhans cells, basophil cells and mast cells. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of topical tacrolimus in inflammatory skin disorders. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of topical treatment with tacrolimus ointment 0.1% in patients with psoriasis on the anogenital region and the face. Included in the study were 10 patients with a long-standing history of genital and facial psoriasis, partially controlled with periodic use of topical corticosteroids. Tacrolimus ointment 0.1% was applied twice daily for 10 days. The patients were followed-up every 3 weeks for a total period of 12 weeks. The severity of psoriasis was evaluated in all patients at baseline (day 0) and at the end of weeks 3, 6, 9 and 12. Clinical severity of erythema, scaling, infiltration and lesional extent were graded using a 0-3 scale indicating none, mild, moderate and severe expression, at baseline and at follow-ups. An overall severity score of 0 (clear), 1-4 (mild), 5-8 (moderate) or 9-12 (severe) was then assigned to each patient by adding the scores for the above parameters. On each visit, every patient was evaluated clinically. The decision to reapply the drug was determined by the clinical response of each patient at each visit. At the end of the study, patients also assessed efficacy, safety and tolerance after topical application of tacrolimus ointment using a 0-5 scale for each parameter: A marked improvement was noticed in all patients at the end of the first week without drug-related adverse effects. There were 15 recurrences during the 12-week period in all patients. In conclusion, tacrolimus ointment 0.1% seems to represent a safe new option for the treatment of genital and facial psoriasis. Further studies are probably needed to specify the therapeutic dosage and maintenance therapy","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25633699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, improves insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. 阿卡波糖，一种α -葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂，改善果糖喂养大鼠的胰岛素抵抗。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

K Nakamura, S Yamagishi, T Matsui, H Inoue

{"title":"Acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, improves insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats.","authors":"K Nakamura, S Yamagishi, T Matsui, H Inoue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Insulin resistance is one of the determinants of postprandial hyperglycemia. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays the absorption of carbohydrates from the small intestine, thereby suppressing postprandial hyperglycemia. Recently, acarbose has been found to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetes. These observations suggest that intervention of postprandial hyperglycemia with acarbose is a promising strategy for the prevention of CVD in diabetic patients. However, the effects of acarbose on insulin sensitivity are not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether oral administration of acarbose could improve insulin sensitivity in fructose-fed rats, a widely used insulin-resistant animal model. Although plasma glucose levels remained unchanged during the experiments, serum insulin levels were significantly increased in fructose-fed rats, which were suppressed by 4 weeks of treatment with acarbose. Acarbose treatment also increased high-density lipoprotein levels in fructose-fed rats. Furthermore, treatment of acarbose inhibited the elevation of systolic blood pressure levels in fructose-fed rats. These results indicate that oral administration of acarbose improves insulin sensitivity in fructose-fed rats. Our present study suggests that the cardioprotecive effects of acarbose could be ascribed, at least in part, to its insulin-sensitizing property.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25633703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generation of mouse polyclonal and human monoclonal antibodies against Bacillus anthracis toxin. 炭疽芽孢杆菌毒素小鼠多克隆抗体和人单克隆抗体的制备。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

M Huber, U Vor Dem Esche, R Grunow, W G Bessler

引用次数: 0

Does mycophenolate mofetil increase the incidence of infections in renal transplant recipients? 霉酚酸酯会增加肾移植受者感染的发生率吗?

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

E Prokopenko, E Scherbakova, A Vatazin, S Pasov, N Budnikova, S Agafonova

引用次数: 0

Animal models and analytical approaches for understanding the relationships between wine and cancer. 了解葡萄酒与癌症关系的动物模型和分析方法。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

S E Ebeler, K H Dingley, E Ubick, S Abel, A E Mitchell, S A Burns, F M Steinberg, A J Clifford

{"title":"Animal models and analytical approaches for understanding the relationships between wine and cancer.","authors":"S E Ebeler, K H Dingley, E Ubick, S Abel, A E Mitchell, S A Burns, F M Steinberg, A J Clifford","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We used two approaches for studying the relationships between wine consumption, wine composition and cancer In the first approach, a transgenic mouse model of human neurofibromatosis, combined with the use of well-defined, chemically purified diets, showed that red wine contains nonalcoholic components that can delay tumor onset. In additional studies, catechin, the main monomeric polyphenol of red wine, delayed tumor onset in this mouse model in a positive, linear relationship when incorporated into the diet at levels of 0.5-4 mmol/kg diet. In the second approach, low doses of the chemical carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4, 5-b)pyridine (PhlP) were administered to rats, and formation of DNA adducts was evaluated by accelerator mass spectrometry. Consumption of red wine solids (the residue from red wine remaining after removal of alcohol and water) and the wine polyphenol quercetin did not influence PhlP-DNA adduct levels or induce liver enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase and quinone reductase). However, quercetin did alter distribution of PhlP in the rat tissues compared to control animals and animals fed other potential dietary chemopreventive agents, including phenylethyl isothiocyanate and sulforaphane. These studies demonstrate the feasibility of these approaches for studying the chemopreventive potential of dietary components at physiologic levels in","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40935654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is itraconazole the treatment of choice in Microsporum canis tinea capitis? 伊曲康唑是治疗犬小孢子虫头癣的首选药物吗?

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2005-01-01

E Koumantaki-Mathioudaki, D Devliotou-Panagiotidou, E Rallis, V Athanassopoulou, T Koussidou-Eremondi, A Katsambas, E Frangoulis

{"title":"Is itraconazole the treatment of choice in Microsporum canis tinea capitis?","authors":"E Koumantaki-Mathioudaki, D Devliotou-Panagiotidou, E Rallis, V Athanassopoulou, T Koussidou-Eremondi, A Katsambas, E Frangoulis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotic scalp infection caused by Microsporum canis is the most dominant cause of tinea capitis in Greece. Griseofulvin has been the gold standard for the treatment of tinea capitis, but it is unavailable in our country. In this study, we evaluated 111 children with M. canis tinea capitis that were treated with itraconazole. Eighty-one of them were treated with itraconazole capsule pulse therapy (group A) and 30 (group B) were treated with oral suspension administered in continuous regimen. Twenty-one patients, all from group A, were lost to follow-up, probably due to the length of this regimen. In all patients that made up the study protocol, complete cure was achieved within seven pulses for group A and 12 weeks for group B. No significant side effects to lead to the cessation of therapy were recorded. Laboratory investigations were performed in 32 randomly chosen patients and were within normal ranges. The response to therapy did not appear to depend upon the formulation administered (capsules versus suspension). Using the pulse regimen, we also believe that it is necessary to individualize the number of pulses administered according to the clinical response. In conclusion, itraconazole proved safe and effective in our study, providing an ideal alternative to griseofulvin.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25827464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0