Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography angiography for detection of microvascular changes in early diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Fan Yang,&nbsp;Weijie Zou,&nbsp;Zhiwei Li,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Du,&nbsp;Weiyun Gao,&nbsp;Ji Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Ji,&nbsp;Jiang Huang","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3812","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.3812","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the effectiveness of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in <span>detecting</span> early intraocular microvascular changes in diabetic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic study search was performed on PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, ranging from January 2012 to March 2023. Controlled studies compared diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR) or patients with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (mild NPDR) to healthy people. These studies included parameters of OCTA such as foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (VDscp), vessel density of deep capillary plexus (VDdcp), and peripapillary VD. The relevant effect model was used according to the heterogeneity, and the mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 18 studies with 2101 eyes were eventually included in this meta-analysis. Our results demonstrated that early alterations of VDscp, VDdcp, and peripapillary VD in NDR patients had a significant difference compared with healthy people by OCTA (VDscp: WMD = −1.34, 95% CI: −1.99 to −0.68, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001. VDdcp: WMD = −2.00, 95% CI: −2.95 to −1.04, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001. Peripapillary VD: WMD = −1.07, 95% CI: −1.70 to −0.43, <i>P</i> = 0.0010). However, there was no statistically significant difference in total FAZ between them (WMD = −0.00, 95% CI: −0.02–0.01, <i>P</i> = 0.84). In addition, for patients with mild NPDR, OCTA could illustrate prominent changes in VDscp, VDdcp, and total FAZ compared with healthy people (VDscp: WMD = −6.11, 95% CI: −9.90 to −2.32, <i>P</i> = 0.002. VDdcp: WMD = −4.26, 95% CI: −5.95 to −2.57, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.00001. FAZ: WMD = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, <i>P</i> = 0.03).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In diabetic patients with or without retinopathy, the parameters of OCTA such as VDscp, VDdcp, and peripapillary vessel density were demonstrated as potential biomarkers in monitoring the early alterations of retinal microangiopathy, while total FAZ may have no significant changes in diabetic patients without retinopathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3812","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of long non-coding RNAs in the development of diabetic kidney disease and the involved clinical application","authors":"Qizhuo Hou,&nbsp;Bin Yi","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3809","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the common microvascular complications of diabetes, is increasing in prevalence worldwide and can lead to End-stage renal disease. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of the pathophysiology of DKD, and both current clinical diagnostic methods and treatment strategies have drawbacks. According to recent research, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are intimately linked to the developmental process of DKD and could be viable targets for clinical diagnostic decisions and therapeutic interventions. Here, we review recent insights gained into lncRNAs in pathological changes of DKD such as mesangial expansion, podocyte injury, renal tubular injury, and interstitial fibrosis. We also discuss the clinical applications of DKD-associated lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as their limitations and challenges, to provide new methods for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of DKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3809","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence to “association of sleep patterns and cardiovascular disease risk is modified by glucose tolerance status”","authors":"Ssu-Yu Chen,&nbsp;Ting-An Lin,&nbsp;Cheuk-Kwan Sun,&nbsp;Renin Chang","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3808","url":null,"abstract":"<p>After reading the article written by Wang et al., we have encountered several concerns that may compromise the credibility of the article. There are some factors, such as changes in sleep patterns, glucose tolerance status, and the use of hypnotics, which may interfere with the research results. Additionally, the design of the sleep pattern could lead to biased outcomes. Therefore, we are writing this letter to recommend that further research should take these concerns into consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3808","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of temperature monitoring to help prevent foot ulcer recurrence in people with diabetes: A multicenter randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jaap J. Van Netten,&nbsp;Wouter B. Aan De Stegge,&nbsp;Marcel G. W. Dijkgraaf,&nbsp;Sicco A. Bus","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3805","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes-related foot ulcers are common, costly, and frequently recur. Multiple interventions help prevent these ulcers. However, none of these have been prospectively investigated for cost-effectiveness. Our aim was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of at-home skin temperature monitoring to help prevent diabetes-related foot ulcer recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multicenter randomized controlled trial. We randomized 304 persons at high diabetes-related foot ulcer risk to either usual foot care plus daily at-home foot skin temperature monitoring (intervention) or usual care alone (control). Primary outcome was cost-effectiveness based on foot care costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) during 18 months follow-up. Foot care costs included costs for ulcer prevention (e.g., footwear, podiatry) and for ulcer treatment when required (e.g., consultation, hospitalisation, amputation). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated for intervention versus usual care using probabilistic sensitivity analysis for willingness-to-pay/accept levels up to €100,000.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intervention had a 45% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-accept of €50,000 per QALY lost. This resulted from (non-significantly) lower foot care costs in the intervention group (€6067 vs. €7376; <i>p</i> = 0.45) because of (significantly) fewer participants with ulcer recurrence(s) in 18 months (36% vs. 47%; <i>p</i> = 0.045); however, QALYs were (non-significantly) lower in the intervention group (1.09 vs. 1.12; <i>p</i> = 0.35), especially in those without foot ulcer recurrence (1.09 vs. 1.17; <i>p</i> = 0.10).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At-home skin temperature monitoring for diabetes-related foot ulcer prevention compared with usual care is at best equally cost-effective. The intervention resulted in cost-savings due to preventing foot ulcer recurrence and related costs, but this came at the expense of QALY loss, potentially from self-monitoring burdens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140814282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the effect of lipid-lowering agents on novel subtypes of adult-onset diabetes","authors":"Jianan Ye,&nbsp;Keyu Guo,&nbsp;Jiaqi Li,&nbsp;Xia Li,&nbsp;Zhiguang Zhou,&nbsp;Lin Yang","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3793","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims of the present study were to assess the effects of lipid-lowering drugs [HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors, and Niemann–Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) inhibitors] on novel subtypes of adult-onset diabetes through a Mendelian randomisation study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We first inferred causal associations between lipid-related traits [including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoproteins A-I, and apolipoproteins B] and novel subtypes of adult-onset diabetes. The expression quantitative trait loci of drug target genes for three classes of lipid-lowering drugs, as well as genetic variants within or nearby drug target genes associated with LDL-C, were then utilised as proxies for the exposure of lipid-lowering drugs. Mendelian randomisation analysis was performed using summary data from genome-wide association studies of LDL-C, severe autoimmune diabetes, severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD), mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD), and mild age-related diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was an association between HMGCR-mediated LDL-C and the risk of SIRD [odds ratio (OR) = 0.305, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.129–0.723; <i>p</i> = 0.007], and there was an association of PCSK9-mediated LDL-C with the risk of SIDD (OR = 0.253, 95% CI = 0.120–0.532; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and MOD (OR = 0.345, 95% CI = 0.171–0.696; <i>p</i> = 0.003). Moreover, NPC1L1-mediated LDL-C (OR = 0.109, 95% CI = 0.019–0.613; <i>p</i> = 0.012) and the increased expression of NPC1L1 gene in blood (OR = 0.727, 95% CI = 0.541–0.977; <i>p</i> = 0.034) both showed a significant association with SIRD. These results were further confirmed by sensitivity analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In summary, the different lipid-lowering medications have a specific effect on the increased risk of different novel subtypes of adult-onset diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3793","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140641864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of blindness and vision loss attributable to high fasting plasma glucose from 1990 to 2019, and forecasts to 2030: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","authors":"Cong Li,&nbsp;Guangyao Hua,&nbsp;Shunming Liu,&nbsp;Honghua Yu,&nbsp;Xiaohong Yang,&nbsp;Lei Liu","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3802","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To systematically clarify the spatiotemporal trends, and age-sex-specific blindness and vision loss (BVL) burden due to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) from 1990 to 2019, and project this burden over the next decade.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We obtained the number and rate of years lived with disability (YLDs) for the BVL burden attributable to HFPG by age, sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), and location between 1990 and 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database. The average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were calculated to assess the temporal trends of HFPG-attributable BVL burden. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the HFPG-attributable BVL burden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2019, the global number and age-standardized rate (ASR) for YLDs of BVL attributable to HFPG were 673.13 (95% UI: 159.52 to 1565.34) thousand and 8.44 (95% UI: 2.00 to 19.63) per 100,000 people, respectively. The highest burdens were found in Oceania, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, and the BVL burden due to HFPG was higher in the elderly and lower SDI regions. From 1990 to 2019, the global ASR of HFPG-attributable BVL gradually increased with AAPC (95% CI) being 0.80 (0.74 to 0.86). In addition, the HFPG-attributable BVL burden will slightly increase in the future decade.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The HFPG remains the important cause of BVL worldwide, placing a substantial disease burden. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized burden of BVL due to HFPG increased, and will consistently increase in the future decade, particularly in the elderly and in regions with middle SDI or below.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140606260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The unique multidisciplinarity of diabetes-related foot disease","authors":"Jaap J. van Netten,&nbsp;Jan Apelqvist,&nbsp;Sicco A. Bus,&nbsp;Robert Fitridge,&nbsp;Fran Game,&nbsp;Matilde Monteiro-Soares,&nbsp;Eric Senneville,&nbsp;Nicolaas C. Schaper","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3804","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Few diseases globally require treatment from so many different disciplines as diabetes-related foot disease. At least 25 different professionals may be involved: casting technicians, dermatologists, diabetes (educator) nurses, diabetologists, dieticians, endocrinologists, general practitioners, human movement scientists, infectious diseases experts, microbiologists, nuclear medicine physicians, orthopaedic surgeons, orthotists, pedorthists, physical therapists, plastic surgeons, podiatric surgeons, podiatrists, prosthetists, psychologists, radiologists, social workers, tissue viability physicians, vascular surgeons, and wound care nurses. A shared vocabulary and shared treatment goals and recommendations are then essential. The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has produced guidelines and supporting documents to stimulate and support shared and multidisciplinary evidence-based treatment in diabetes-related foot disease. In this special virtual issue of <i>Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews</i>, all 21 documents of the 2023 update of the IWGDF Guidelines are bundled, added with a further 6 reviews from multidisciplinary experts to drive future research and clinical innovations, based on their contributions to the International Symposium on the Diabetic Foot. We hope the readers will enjoy this special virtual issue, and widely implement the knowledge shared here in their daily clinical practice and research endeavours with the goal to improve the care for people with diabetes-related foot disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3804","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-feature, Chinese–Western medicine-integrated prediction model for diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on machine learning and SHAP","authors":"Aijuan Jiang,&nbsp;Jiajie Li,&nbsp;Lujie Wang,&nbsp;Wenshu Zha,&nbsp;Yixuan Lin,&nbsp;Jindong Zhao,&nbsp;Zhaohui Fang,&nbsp;Guoming Shen","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3801","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Clinical studies have shown that diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has been on the rise, with most patients presenting with severe and progressive symptoms. Currently, most of the available prediction models for DPN are derived from general clinical information and laboratory indicators. Several Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) indicators have been utilised to construct prediction models. In this study, we established a novel machine learning-based multi-featured Chinese–Western medicine-integrated prediction model for DPN using clinical features of TCM.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Materials and Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The clinical data of 1581 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated at the Department of Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine were collected. The data (including general information, laboratory parameters and TCM features) of 1142 patients with T2DM were selected after data cleaning. After baseline description analysis of the variables, the data were divided into training and validation sets. Four prediction models were established and their performance was evaluated using validation sets. Meanwhile, the accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and area under the curve (AUC) of ROC were calculated using ten-fold cross-validation to further assess the performance of the models. An explanatory analysis of the results of the DPN prediction model was carried out using the SHAP framework based on machine learning-based prediction models.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Of the 1142 patients with T2DM, 681 had a comorbidity of DPN, while 461 did not. There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, cause of disease, systolic pressure, HbA1c, ALT, RBC, Cr, BUN, red blood cells in the urine, glucose in the urine, and protein in the urine (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). T2DM patients with a comorbidity of DPN exhibited diverse TCM symptoms, including limb numbness, limb pain, hypodynamia, thirst with desire for drinks, dry mouth and throat, blurred vision, gloomy complexion, and unsmooth pulse, with statistically significant differences (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Our results showed that the proposed multi-featured Chinese–Western medicine-integrated prediction model was superior to conventional models without characteristic TCM indicators. The model showed the best performance (accuracy = 0.8109, precision = 0.8029, recall = 0.9060, F1 score = 0.8511, and AUC = 0.9002). SHAP analysis revealed that the dominant risk factors that caused DPN were TCM symptoms (limb numbness, thirst with desire for drinks, blurred vision), age","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LADA 30th anniversary: A growing form of diabetes with persistent unresolved questions","authors":"Ivy Lee Jia Jia,&nbsp;Raffaella Buzzetti,&nbsp;Richard David Leslie,&nbsp;Paolo Pozzilli","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3800","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The 30th anniversary of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is a remarkable milestone in diabetes mellitus research. Described for the first time in 1993, LADA disputes the traditional binary classification of diabetes, with autoimmune features (autoimmune-mediated &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-cell destruction) like that of type 1 diabetes (T1D) yet with an adult-onset pattern not requiring insulin, at least initially and, therefore, resembling type 2 diabetes (T2D).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1, 2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Thus, commenced an extensive journey of scientific exploration. Although our understanding of LADA has grown substantially over this period, many questions surrounding LADA remain unresolved. Today, LADA patients constitute a significant fraction, that is, up to 12% of T2D patients, highlighting the pressing need to address these questions.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3, 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This commentary discusses such questions, the ongoing efforts by scientists/physicians and future directions in search for answers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diagnosing LADA is challenging due to overlaps with other forms of diabetes, also making it hard to define categorical features. In fact, LADA is often initially misdiagnosed as T2D because of the resemblance in their clinical presentation.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Furthermore, heterogeneity within LADA adds to this diagnostic challenge.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2, 6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Given that LADA people must be identified early to ensure better outcomes in terms of HbA1c, co-morbidity and hypoglycaemia risk, the best strategy for such identification must be resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regarding the diagnostic criteria of LADA, the Immunology of Diabetes Society proposed it includes diabetes cases age ≥30 years, positive for at least one diabetes-associated autoantibody, and without insulin requirement for at least the first six months after diagnosis.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; There are some weaknesses with this proposal. First, all criteria are non-categorical, and all the cut-off values are arbitrary, as pointed out by Groop et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2, 6, 7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Second, there are many factors relating to diagnostic autoantibodies (e.g., how positivity is defined and which autoantibody, despite the most common being an autoantibody against glutamic acid decarboxylase [GADA]).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3, 7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This issue is demonstrated by the significant variability in the percentage of LADA diagnosis among different groups of T2D-diagnosed adults, depending on the autoantibody type used for screening and method of ascertainment.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Third, the choice of whether and when to start insulin treatment is highly physician-dependent, as highlighted by Rajkumar et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5, 8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; For these reasons, more precise standardised diagnostic criteria for LADA may be needed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As for autoantibody testing, there are no current general recommendations for adult-onset diabetes. At present, autoantibody testing is only done if there is a strong suspicion of LADA in patients wit","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140351710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of birth weight, plasma metabolome in adulthood and risk of type 2 diabetes","authors":"Wenxiu Wang,&nbsp;Zhenhuang Zhuang,&nbsp;Yimin Zhao,&nbsp;Zimin Song,&nbsp;Ninghao Huang,&nbsp;Yueying Li,&nbsp;Xue Dong,&nbsp;Wendi Xiao,&nbsp;Tao Huang","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3803","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to examine the longitudinal associations of birth weight with plasma metabolites in adulthood, and further quantify the proportions of the links between birth weight and incident adult type 2 diabetes (T2D) that were mediated by plasma metabolites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 62,033 participants with complete nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics and birth weight data from the UK Biobank were included in this study. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between birth weight and metabolites. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios for T2D associated with metabolites. We further performed mediation analyses to estimate the extent to which metabolites might mediate the association between birth weight and T2D risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low birth weight was associated with the adverse metabolic responses across multiple metabolic pathways, including lipoprotein subclasses, amino acids, fatty acids (FA), and inflammation. Metabolites associated with higher birth weight tended to be associated with a lower risk of T2D (Pearson correlation coefficient: −0.85). A total of 62 metabolites showed statistically significant mediation effects in the protective association of higher birth weight and T2D risk, including large-sized very low-density lipoprotein particles and triglyceride concentrations as well as saturated, and monounsaturated FA and glycoprotein acetyls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified a range of metabolites that reflect the adult metabolic response to birth weight, some of which might lie on the pathway between birth weight and adult T2D risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140533792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}