Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Integrating Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis and Management of Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Jingjing Liu, Zhangdaihong Liu, Chang Liu, Hong Sun, Xiaoguang Li, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a progressive chronic pathophysiological state characterised by abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, and dyslipidaemia. It is recognised as one of the major clinical syndromes affecting human health, with approximately one-quarter of the global population impacted. MetS increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and diverse metabolic diseases. Early diagnosis of MetS could potentially reduce the prevalence of these diseases. However, care for the MetS population faces significant challenges due to (i) a lack of comprehensive understanding of the full spectrum of associated diseases, stemming from unclear pathophysiological mechanisms and (ii) frequent underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis of MetS in clinical settings due to inconsistent screening guidelines, limited medical resources, time constraints in clinical practice, and insufficient awareness and training. The increasing availability of healthcare and medical data presents opportunities to apply and innovate with artificial intelligence (AI) in addressing these challenges. This review aims to (i) summarise the spectrum of diseases associated with MetS and (ii) review the diverse AI models applied to MetS and metabolic syndrome-related diseases (MetSRD), where MetSRD collectively refers to diseases and conditions directly associated with MetS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our review consists of two phases. Initially, we conducted a literature review on MetS to narrow down the spectrum of MetSRD based on the strength of clinical evidence. We then used the terms ‘Metabolic Syndrome’ and ‘Machine Learning’ in combination with the identified MetSRD for further refinement. In total, we identified 52 related diseases in the first phase and 36 articles in the second phase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified a total of 52 MetSRD after the first phase, with T2DM, CVDs, and cancer being the top three. Among the 36 articles obtained in the second phase, we observed the following: (i) The criteria for MetS were inconsistent across the studies. (ii) The primary purpose of AI applications was to identify risk factors for diseases, thereby improving predictions for MetS or MetSRD. Traditional machine learning models, such as Random Forest and Logistic Regression, were found to be the most effective. (iii) In addition to the MetS criteria, AI models explored other factors, including demographic and physiological variables, dietary influences, lipidomic and proteomic indicators, and more.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Benefits and Risks of Metabolic Surgery for Long-Term (5 Years) Weight Loss and Diabetes Remission in Overweight/Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials","authors":"Xiaoyu Zang, Tong Lin, Jing Ma, Ying Zhang, Boxun Zhang, Yishan Huang, Danni Zhou, Lu Ding, Lili Zhang, Linhua Zhao","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While there have been studies comparing the efficiency of several metabolic operations in overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), there is currently no comprehensive evidence about the complete remission of diabetes and its long-term safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This comprehensive review and network meta-analysis encompassed searches of many databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar. The search was conducted from the beginning of these databases’ existence until 1 May 2024. The study selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a 5-year follow-up period to compare the clinical benefits and evaluate the occurrence of side events. The network meta-analysis employed a random-effects model. The registration number for PROSPERO is CRD42023412536.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a total of 16 RCTs that included 1059 patients. A total of 897 patients, representing 84.7% of the entire sample, successfully completed the 5-year follow-up. Seven metabolic procedures were conducted. All ensuing estimates are to the comparison with a non-surgical treatment (NST). The evidence strongly supports that One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is the most effective surgical procedure for achieving long-term complete remission of diabetes (relative risk [RR] 10.28, 95% CI 1.87 to 56.40). Additionally, Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is the most effective procedure for achieving long-term partial remission of diabetes (RR 16.74, 95% CI 4.66 to 60.12). The study found that BPD was the most successful method for long-term weight loss, with a mean difference of −11.68 in BMI decrease (95% CI −15.06 to −8.31) and a mean difference of −32.01 in weight change (95% CI −43.27 to −20.74). The evidence supporting this conclusion is of moderate quality. Regarding the occurrence of adverse events and complications related to surgery, gastrointestinal, macrovascular, and microvascular issues are not as frequent in BPD compared with NST (relative risk 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 1.37). On the other hand, OAGB may have a higher occurrence of these difficulties, second only to BPD (relative risk 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.2 to 3.29). Based on the findings on effectiveness and safety, it has been determined that OAGB (One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass) is more effective in obtaining long-term complete remission of diabetes and in assuring overall safety in diabetes management. However, BPD is superior to OAGB in terms of partial remission, weight loss and safety in diabetes management, ranking secon","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Prediction Model for Predicting 10-year Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Japanese People; Panasonic Cohort Study 7","authors":"Chihiro Munekawa,&nbsp;Go Horiguchi,&nbsp;Akari Naito,&nbsp;Masahide Hamaguchi,&nbsp;Kazushiro Kurogi,&nbsp;Hiroaki Murata,&nbsp;Masato Ito,&nbsp;Akihiro Obora,&nbsp;Takao Kojima,&nbsp;Hiroshi Okada,&nbsp;Satoshi Teramukai,&nbsp;Michiaki Fukui","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Japan, several prediction models and scoring systems for type 2 diabetes have been reported; however, none have high utility. We developed a new clinical prediction model for the onset of type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development dataset was obtained from 72,124 Japanese employees who participated in a health check-up programme conducted by Panasonic Corporation (Osaka, Japan), were aged 40 years or older, were diabetes-free at baseline, and followed-up for up to 10 years. The external validation dataset was obtained from 12,885 participants of the NAGALA (Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture Longitudinal Analysis) cohort. A prediction model was developed to predict the 10-year risk of developing diabetes using information from the health checkup programme. The developed model was internally validated, and externally validated using the NAGALA cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using information on age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, log-triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, log-alanine aminotransferase, fasting plasma glucose, weight gain, and smoking status obtained from a health checkup programme, we developed a novel, highly sensitive, and specific model for predicting the 10-year risk of developing diabetes. The prediction model showed excellent performance, with an optimism-corrected c-index of 0.877 and a c-index of 0.882 in the external validation cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a noninvasive diabetes risk-prediction model for the Japanese population and confirmed its utility for identifying individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Pubertal Changes and Endotype Based Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes","authors":"M. A. Roma-Wilson,&nbsp;R. Buzzetti,&nbsp;S. Zampetti","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The intersection of puberty with the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) presents unique pathogenic, clinical and psychosocial challenges, necessitating nuanced management strategies that account for developmental changes and the disease's heterogeneity. The distinction between pre-pubertal (T1DE1) and pubertal (T1DE2) T1D onset underscores the need for tailored approaches to monitoring and therapy during this critical period. Patients, with severe <i>β</i>-cell loss and heightened metabolic demands during puberty, require more intensive glycaemic management and screening for growth delays and pubertal disruptions. Meanwhile, pubertal T1D patients, though benefiting from relatively preserved <i>β</i>-cell function, still face heightened risks of insulin resistance and comorbidities such as obesity that demand vigilant monitoring and individualised interventions. Key actionable recommendations include implementing systematic screening protocols for growth impairment, menstrual abnormalities, and early markers of microvascular complications. Advanced technologies such as continuous glucose monitors and automated insulin delivery systems to reduce the glycaemic burden before and during puberty warrant robust investigation. The integration of behavioural interventions that enhance self-regulation and family-centred care into routine diabetes management can yield valuable insights into improving adherence and glycaemic control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of an Advanced Hybrid Closed Loop System During Marathon Running: Case Examples and Clinical Implications","authors":"María T. Onetto,&nbsp;Denise Montt-Blanchard,&nbsp;Cari Berget,&nbsp;Kristel Strodhoff,&nbsp;Bruno Grassi","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maintaining glucose levels in the target range during aerobic training and athletic competition is especially difficult. The use of Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) technology is increasing, but exercise continues to be a challenge for persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this case report series, we present 3 cases (C1, C2 and C3) of persons with T1D who used the MiniMed 780G during marathon races. We describe the strategies they used before, during and after the race to manage their glycaemia as well as the results of these strategies on their glycaemic control during the race.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Medtronic CareLink platform was employed to remotely access insulin pump settings and glycaemic outcomes. Race parameters were obtained from sport watches. Supplemental data were obtained through interviews.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Carelink data for Cases 1, 2, and 3 before the race were downloaded: Time in range (TIR) 70–180 mg/dL 89%, 76%, 82%; time above range (TAR) &gt; 180 mg/dL, 9%, 20%, 16%; time below range (TBR) &lt; 70 mg/dL, 1%, 4%, 1%, respectively. The breakfast insulin reduction percentages were −25%, 0%, and 0% for C1, C2, and C3, respectively. In all three cases, insulin dose reduction was applied to the pre-race snack at percentages of −50%, −100% and −83%. The consumption of carbohydrates during the race was 0.39 g/kg/hour, 0.42 g/kg/hour, and 0.5 g/kg/hour, respectively. The total amount of carbohydrates consumed was 101 g, 120 g, and 115 g, respectively. Throughout the race, a temporary target was used for all cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These cases provide insights for healthcare professionals who assist athletes with T1D using AID systems during prolonged physical activities. Highlighting the significance of specialised education, planning, and personalised approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends in the Burden of Diabetes and Its Risk Factors Across the Western Pacific Region Between 1990 and 2044: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","authors":"Xinwei Liu,&nbsp;Bing Wu,&nbsp;Yongqiang Lai,&nbsp;Xiyu Zhang,&nbsp;Hongyu Li,&nbsp;Fangqi Qu,&nbsp;Chenxi Zhang,&nbsp;Yulu Tian,&nbsp;Xuelian Fu,&nbsp;Jida Li,&nbsp;Huiqi Yang,&nbsp;Rui Chen,&nbsp;Baoguo Shi,&nbsp;Yanan Ma,&nbsp;Jia Meng,&nbsp;Ye Li","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to assess changes in the burden of diabetes in the Western Pacific region (WPR) between 1990 and 2019, project future trends for 2020–2044, and identify the factors influencing these trends.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 were used to calculate the age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardised death rate (ASDR) and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate for diabetes in the region. The Nordpred model was used to predict diabetes-related ASIR and ASDR trends over the next 25 years, and an age-period-cohort (APC) model analysed the effects of age, period and cohort. We examined the associations of ASIR, ASDR and age-standardised DALYs rate per 100,000 population with the socio-demographic index (SDI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We observed an increasing trend in the incidence. Mortality increased in the lower-middle income group and decreased slowly in the high- and upper-middle income groups. High body mass index significantly affected diabetes, with an increasing influence over time, whereas that of tobacco showed a decreasing trend. The incidence of diabetes showed a trend towards occurring at a younger age, in a manner consistent with the economic development trend. Diabetes incidence and mortality showed the opposite trend in the high-income group, with an increase in SDI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The burden of diabetes is increasing in the WPR, in association with urbanisation and unhealthy lifestyles. Targeting the risk factors that affect all stages of the disease and managing them through multi-agency collaboration may improve the quality of life in patients living with the condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inpatient Dietary Behaviour Score (IDBS) Predicts the Risk of Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients","authors":"Zhiping Liu,&nbsp;Jiangqiong Chen,&nbsp;Qing Liang,&nbsp;Wenjin Luo,&nbsp;Qingfeng Cheng,&nbsp;Qifu Li,&nbsp;Mei Mei,&nbsp;Liping Zan","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to develop the inpatient dietary behaviour score (IDBS) and validate its predictive performance in assessing the risk of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included patients with T2DM admitted to the Endocrinology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between 1 March 2021 and 1 March 2023. Patients were categorised into hypoglycemia and non-hypoglycemia groups using a paired approach, with hypoglycemia defined as any point-of-care glucose test results ≤ 3.9 mmol/L. Clinical data were collected, and the IDBS was calculated using a self-designed scale with 11 variables. Subsequently, measures for predicting hypoglycemia risk in hospitalised T2DM patients were formulated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1478 patients were included in the survey, with 739 patients in each of the hypoglycemic and non-hypoglycemic groups after pairing. Baseline differences were observed in education, marital status, job status, DM duration, glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), hypoglycemia history, diabetic peripheral artery disease (DM-PAD), diabetic foot (DF), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) between the hypoglycemic and non-hypoglycemic groups. Significant correlations were found between the updated and baseline changes in the IDBS. The predictive efficacy was highest in DKD patients (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.69–1.97, <i>P</i> = 6.75E-53). In multivariate analyses, only BMI, DM duration, diabetic foot and marriage response were included in the regression model. The area under the curve (AUC) and mean squared error (MSE) of the IDBS were 0.77 and 0.00039, respectively. A linear relationship existed between the IDBS and OR values, indicating that the risk of hypoglycemia increased with higher scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IDBS demonstrated a robust predictive effect on hypoglycemia. The variable data were easily obtainable, and the evaluation and calculation methods were straightforward. This scoring system could serve as a valuable reference for hypoglycemia prevention and screening of hospitalised diabetic patients at high risk of hypoglycemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists With Risk of Suicidal Ideation and Behaviour: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Ganesh Bushi,&nbsp;Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib,&nbsp;Shivam Rohilla,&nbsp;Mahendra Pratap Singh,&nbsp;Nidhi Uniyal,&nbsp;Suhas Ballal,&nbsp;Pooja Bansal,&nbsp;Kiran Bhopte,&nbsp;Manika Gupta,&nbsp;Abhay M. Gaidhane,&nbsp;Balvir S. Tomar,&nbsp;Ayash Ashraf,&nbsp;M. Ravi Kumar,&nbsp;Ashish Singh Chauhan,&nbsp;Sanjit Sah,&nbsp;Hashem Abu Serhan,&nbsp;Muhammed Shabil","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, providing metabolic and cardiovascular benefits. However, concerns have emerged about potential neuropsychiatric side effects, including suicidal ideation and behaviour, prompting investigations by regulatory bodies such as the FDA and EMA. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between GLP-1RA use and the risk of suicidal ideation or behaviour.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through September 2024, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Observational cohort and case-control studies reporting suicidal ideation or behaviour in adults using GLP-1RAs were included. The Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed risk of bias, and random-effect models calculated risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 126 studies, 11 were included from multiple countries with diverse designs. The meta-analysis of four studies showed no statistically significant difference in suicidal outcomes between GLP-1RA users and users of other anti-hyperglycaemic drugs (RR: 0.568, 95% CI: 0.077–4.205). Substantial heterogeneity was observed (I² = 98%). Pharmacovigilance studies indicated no disproportionate increase in suicidality, while some observational studies suggested a lower risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review found no significant link between GLP-1RA use and increased suicidal ideation or behaviour. However, the high heterogeneity and reliance on pharmacovigilance data suggest caution. Clinicians should monitor patients, particularly those with psychiatric conditions, and further research is needed to assess long-term neuropsychiatric safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Associations of Diabetes and Insulin Resistance With Brain Health in Three Harmonised Cohort Studies of Ageing and Dementia","authors":"Roshni Biswas,&nbsp;Ana W. Capuano,&nbsp;Rupal I. Mehta,&nbsp;Lisa L. Barnes,&nbsp;David A. Bennett,&nbsp;Zoe Arvanitakis","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetes increases the risk of dementia, and insulin resistance (IR) has emerged as a potential unifying feature. Here, we review published findings over the past 2 decades on the relation of diabetes and IR to brain health, including those related to cognition and neuropathology, in the Religious Orders Study, the Rush Memory and Aging Project, and the Minority Aging Research Study (ROS/MAP/MARS), three harmonised cohort studies of ageing and dementia at the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (RADC). A wide range of participant data, including information on medical conditions such as diabetes and neuropsychological tests, as well as other clinical and laboratory-based data collected annually. Neuropathology data are collected in participants who agree to autopsy at death. Recent studies have measured additional peripheral and brain IR data, including multi-omics. This review summarises findings from the RADC cohort studies that investigate the relation of diabetes and IR in older adults to cognition, neuropathology, omics in dementia, and other brain health measures. Examining the risk of clinically diagnosed dementia in older adults, our study found a 65% increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia in individuals with diabetes compared with those without. Regarding cognitive function, we have consistently observed associations of diabetes, as well as both peripheral and brain IR, with worse and declining performance in global cognition and specific cognitive domains, particularly semantic memory and perceptual speed. Studies utilising neuropathological data showed associations of diabetes and peripheral IR with brain infarcts, while brain IR measures, notably alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase1 (AKT1), were associated with both brain infarcts and AD pathology. Multi-omics studies suggested shared causal genes and pathways between diabetes and dementia. Recent epigenetic studies have revealed associations between IR and AD risk, along with distinct 5-hydroxymethylcytosine signatures in diabetes-associated AD. Furthermore, our studies have utilised other available data to investigate the impact of diabetes on neurological outcomes other than cognition and reported worsening of parkinsonian-like signs in diabetes. Recent studies have also explored risk factors for diabetes and have reported associations between lower literacy and decision-making abilities with elevated haemoglobin A1C levels, a peripheral IR measure. Overall, our findings, as summarised in this review, illustrate a range of mechanistic and other insights into the complex relationship of diabetes and IR with brain health. These findings may have important implications for future research on the ageing brain, including the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia in persons at risk for or with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Burden of Diabetes in the Southeastern Coastal Region of China From 1990 to 2019 and Projections for 2030: A Systematic Analysis of the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study","authors":"Yating Ding,&nbsp;Xiuli Cai,&nbsp;Yangjiang Ou,&nbsp;Dong Liang,&nbsp;Qing Guan,&nbsp;Wenling Zhong,&nbsp;Xiuquan Lin","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the diabetes burden in Fujian Province, China, from 1990 to 2019, comparing it with China and global levels to inform policymakers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used data from GBD 2019 to analyse diabetes prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). We assessed the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and estimated the impact of 17 risk factors. An age-period-cohort model evaluated age, period, and cohort effects on diabetes metrics. Bayesian models forecasted prevalence and DALYs for 2020–2030, with frontier analysis linking DALYs to per capita GDP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2019, Fujian Province had approximately 2,359,179 diabetes cases with a prevalence rate of 4423.82 (95% UI 4004.12–4864.55) per 100,000 and an age-standardised DALYs of 475.00 (375.63–589.49) per 100,000, both lower than China and global averages. From 1990 to 2019, Fujian Province's age-standardised mortality rate remained higher than the China average, but the gap narrowed compared with 1990. Elderly males showed a pronounced increase in mortality. The period effect indicated a turning point during 2005–2009. DALYs increased among men and decreased among women over cohorts. By 2030, the DALYs rate is projected to decrease by 6.59%. Frontier analysis showed that compared with the same economic level, the effective difference in diabetes disease burden in Fujian Province was small, but there was room for improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 1990 to 2019, Fujian Province's age-standardised diabetes prevalence slightly increased, while mortality and DALYs declined. Significant gender and age disparities existed, highlighting the need for targeted strategies for elderly males. Fujian Province's success in diabetes management can provide a model for other regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}