Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Type 1 diabetes: A new vision of the disease based on endotypes","authors":"Craig Sinclair Weston,&nbsp;Bernhard O. Boehm,&nbsp;Paolo Pozzilli","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3770","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diagnosis and management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) have remained largely unchanged for the last several years. The management of the disease remains primarily focused on its phenotypical presentation and less on endotypes, namely the specific biological mechanisms behind the development of the disease. Furthermore, the treatment of T1D is essentially universal and indiscriminate—with patients administering insulin at varying dosages and frequencies to maintain adequate glycaemic control. However, it is now well understood that T1D is a heterogeneous disease with many different biological mechanisms (i.e. endotypes) behind its complex pathophysiology. A range of factors, including age of onset, immune system regulation, rate of β-cell destruction, autoantibodies, body weight, genetics and the exposome are recognised to play a role in the development of the condition. Patients can be classified into distinct diabetic subtypes based on these factors, which can be used to categorise patients into specific endotypes. The classification of patients into endotypes allows for a greater understanding of the natural progression of the disease, giving rise to more accurate and patient-centred therapies and follow-up monitoring, specifically for other autoimmune diseases. This review proposes 6 unique endotypes of T1D based on the current literature. The recognition of these endotypes could then be used to direct therapeutic modalities based on patients' individual pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3770","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle-to-fat ratio in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in predicting glycaemic control and partial clinical remission","authors":"Shay Averbuch,&nbsp;Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan,&nbsp;Asaf Ben Simon,&nbsp;Hagar Interator,&nbsp;Adar Lopez,&nbsp;Ophir Borger,&nbsp;Irina Laurian,&nbsp;Anna Dorfman,&nbsp;Efrat Chorna,&nbsp;Asaf Oren,&nbsp;Ori Eyal,&nbsp;Avivit Brener,&nbsp;Yael Lebenthal","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3767","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Advances in treatment could mitigate the expected adverse changes in the body composition of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the evolution of weight status and body composition and their association with glycaemic control and partial clinical remission in youth with T1D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-nine participants with T1D (median age 9.5 years [interquartile range 7.3, 12.9], 59.6% boys) were longitudinally followed for 3 years since diagnosis. Data at seven pre-determined time points were extracted from medical files. Outcome measures included body mass index (BMI) <i>z</i>-scores, muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) <i>z</i>-scores, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, continuous glucose monitoring metrics, and insulin dose-adjusted HbA1c (IDAA1c) levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The BMI <i>z</i>-scores increased significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) for both sexes, with no significant change in MFR <i>z</i>-scores over time. The girls had higher BMI <i>z</i>-scores (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and lower MFR <i>z</i>-scores than the boys (<i>p</i> = 0.016). The mean HbA1c levels decreased during the first month and at 3 months since diagnosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), then plateaued and achieved a median overall HbA1c of 7.1% for the entire cohort. At 12 months, 37 participants (37.6%) were in partial clinical remission, as evidenced by IDAA1c ≤ 9. The odds of partial clinical remission at 2 years increased by 2.1-fold for each standard deviation increase in the MFR <i>z</i>-score (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Higher MFR <i>z</i>-scores were associated with better metabolic control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integration of body composition assessments could mitigate adverse body changes in paediatric patients with T1D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronicles of progress: Celebrating 40 years of scientific excellence in diabetes","authors":"Paolo Pozzilli","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3768","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The 40th anniversary of Diabetes Metabolism Research and Reviews (DMRR) marks a significant milestone in the field, reflecting four decades of continuous dedication to advancing our understanding of diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Over the years, the journal has been a pivotal platform for disseminating groundbreaking research and review articles that have shaped the landscape of diabetes care and research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the noteworthy aspects of the journal is its commitment to historical perspectives, exploring pivotal moments and discoveries that have shaped our understanding of diabetes. This includes insightful articles on ketone bodies, shedding light on their role in diabetes and metabolic health. Additionally, the exploration of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults has undoubtedly contributed to the evolving comprehension of diabetes subtypes, paving the way for more tailored treatment approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The editorial team, led by esteemed individuals such as the first DMRR Editor in Chief Jerry Reaven, deserves commendation for their unwavering commitment to advancing diabetes research. Jerry Reaven, renowned for his discovery of the metabolic syndrome (originally termed Reaven Syndrome), has played a crucial role in shaping our understanding of the interconnectedness of metabolic factors contributing to diabetes and cardiovascular disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Domenico Andreani, DMRR Editor in Chief and past president of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, brought a wealth of experience and a global perspective to the editorial team. His contributions likely reflect a dedication to fostering international collaboration and advancing diabetes research on a broader scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Jesse Roth, my predecessor at DMRR as Editor in Chief, is a distinguished researcher who discovered insulin receptors and represents a key figure in the history of diabetes research. The exploration of insulin receptors has been pivotal in unrevealing the intricacies of insulin signalling and has undoubtedly influenced therapeutic strategies for managing diabetes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As the current DMRR Editor in Chief and the excellent contribution of nine Co-editors, we strive bringing our expertise and insight into the various facets of diabetes research with their clinical perspectives. Our involvement signifies a commitment to fostering a comprehensive understanding of diabetes, encompassing both clinical and research viewpoints.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 2023, the journal has experienced a remarkable increase in submissions, attesting to its continued relevance and influence in the scientific community. The influx of papers suggests a thriving community of researchers eager to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on diabetes and metabolic diseases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As the journal celebrates its 40th anniversary, it stands as a tribute to the collaborative efforts of researchers, editors and contributors who have dedicated themselves to advancing our understanding of diabetes and related con","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3768","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of six surrogate insulin resistance indexes for predicting cardiometabolic multimorbidity incidence in Chinese middle-aged and older populations: Insights from the China health and retirement longitudinal study","authors":"Danrui Xiao,&nbsp;Honglin Sun,&nbsp;Long Chen,&nbsp;Xiang Li,&nbsp;Huanhuan Huo,&nbsp;Guo Zhou,&nbsp;Min Zhang,&nbsp;Ben He","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3764","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). We aimed to explore the predictive value of six surrogate IR indexes—Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), triglyceride-glucose (TyG), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), TyG-body mass index (TyGBMI), and TyG-waist circumference (TyGwaist)—to establish the CMM incidence in Chinese middle-aged and older populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for incident CMM using six surrogates, we analysed data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study using multivariate logistic regression models. The nonlinear dose-response correlation was evaluated using restricted cubic spline analysis; predictive performance was assessed using receiver operator characteristic curves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 6451 eligible participants, 268 (4.2%) developed CMM during the 4-year follow-up period. The ORs (95% CI) for incident CMM increased with increasing CVAI quartiles (Q) [Q2: 1.71, 1.03–2.90; Q3: 2.72, 1.70–4.52; Q4: 5.16, 3.29–8.45; all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05] after full adjustment, with Q1 as the reference. Other indexes yielded similar results. These associations remained significant in individuals with a normal body mass index. Notably, CVAI, AIP, and TyG exhibited a linear dose-response relationship with CMM (<i>P</i>_nonlinear ≥0.05), whereas LAP, TyGBMI, and TyGwaist displayed significant nonlinear correlations (<i>P</i>_nonlinear &lt;0.05). The area under the curve for the CVAI (0.691) was significantly superior to that of other indexes (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The six IR surrogates were independently associated with CMM incidence. CVAI may be the most appropriate indicator for predicting CMM in middle-aged and older Chinese populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of autophagy in insulin resistance and glucolipid metabolism and potential use of autophagy modulating natural products in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Xiaoxue Yang,&nbsp;Wenwen Ding,&nbsp;Ziyi Chen,&nbsp;Kaiyi Lai,&nbsp;Ying Liu","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3762","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a severe, long-term condition characterised by disruptions in glucolipid and energy metabolism. Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, serves as a guardian of cellular health by recycling and renewing cellular components. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the vital role that autophagy plays in T2DM, we conducted an extensive search for high-quality publications across databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder and used keywords like ‘autophagy’, ‘insulin resistance’, and ‘type 2 diabetes mellitus’, both individually and in combinations. A large body of evidence underscores the significance of activating autophagy in alleviating T2DM symptoms. An enhanced autophagic activity, either by activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and sirtuin-1 signalling pathways or inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling pathway, can effectively improve insulin resistance and balance glucolipid metabolism in key tissues like the hypothalamus, skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. Furthermore, autophagy can increase <i>β</i>-cell mass and functionality in the pancreas. This review provides a narrative summary of autophagy regulation with an emphasis on the intricate connection between autophagy and T2DM symptoms. It also discusses the therapeutic potentials of natural products with autophagy activation properties for the treatment of T2DM conditions. Our findings suggest that autophagy activation represents an innovative approach of treating T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor self-rated health is associated with faster cognitive decline and greater small vessel disease in older adults with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Nadia Ramsingh,&nbsp;Hung-Mo Lin,&nbsp;Yuxia Ouyang,&nbsp;Ramit Ravona-Springer,&nbsp;Abigail Livny,&nbsp;Laili Soleimani,&nbsp;Barbara B. Bendlin,&nbsp;Mery Ben Meir,&nbsp;Anthony Heymann,&nbsp;Mary Sano,&nbsp;Joseph Azuri,&nbsp;Michal Schnaider Beeri","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3761","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.3761","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-rated health (SRH) is a predictor for poor health outcomes and cognition. Older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) have multi-morbidity and greater cognitive impairment. In the present study we investigated the association of SRH with cognitive decline and brain pathology in older adults with T2D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>n</i> = 1122) were from the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study, and SRH was categorised as low (<i>n</i> = 202), moderate (<i>n</i> = 400) or high (<i>n</i> = 520). Cognition was measured by four cognitive domains: episodic memory, executive functions, language, and attention/working memory. Global cognition was the average of the cognitive domains. Statistical models adjusted for sociodemographic, cardiovascular, and clinical variables. In a randomly selected subsample (<i>n</i> = 230) that had magnetic resonance imaging, we examined relationships between baseline SRH and brain characteristics (white matter hyperintensities [WMHs], hippocampal, and total grey matter [GM] volumes).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low SRH was associated with a decline in executive functions, which accelerated over time when compared to high SRH (est = −0.0036; <i>p</i> = &lt;0.001). Compared to high SRH, low SRH was associated with a faster decline in global cognition (est = −0.0024; <i>p</i> = 0.009). Low SRH at baseline was associated with higher volumes of WMHs (est = 9.8420; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0008). SRH was not associated with other cognitive domains, or with hippocampal and total GM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low SRH is associated with cognitive decline in T2D older adults and may serve as a risk assessment. WMHs may represent an underlying mechanism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 2 diabetes metabolomics score and risk of progression to type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus","authors":"Deirdre K. Tobias,&nbsp;Rikuta Hamaya,&nbsp;Clary B. Clish,&nbsp;Liming Liang,&nbsp;Amy Deik,&nbsp;Courtney Dennis,&nbsp;Kevin Bullock,&nbsp;Cuilin Zhang,&nbsp;Frank B. Hu,&nbsp;JoAnn E. Manson","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3763","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.3763","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several metabolites are individually related to incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. We prospectively evaluated a novel T2D-metabolite pattern with a risk of progression to T2D among high-risk women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The longitudinal Nurses' Health Study II cohort enroled 116,429 women in 1989 and collected blood samples from 1996 to 1999. We profiled plasma metabolites in 175 incident T2D cases and 175 age-matched controls, all with a history of GDM before the blood draw. We derived a metabolomics score from 21 metabolites previously associated with incident T2D in the published literature by scoring according to the participants' quintile (1–5 points) of each metabolite. We modelled the T2D metabolomics score categorically in quartiles and continuously per 1 standard deviation (SD) with the risk of incident T2D using conditional logistic regression models adjusting for body mass index at the blood draw, and other established T2D risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The percentage of women progressing to T2D ranged from 10% in the bottom T2D metabolomics score quartile to 78% in the highest score quartile. Adjusting for established T2D risk factors, women in the highest quartile had more than a 20-fold greater diabetes risk than women in the lowest quartile (odds ratios [OR] = 23.1 [95% CI = 8.6, 62.1]; <i>p</i> for trend&lt;0.001). The continuous T2D metabolomics score was strongly and positively associated with incident T2D (adjusted OR = 2.7 per SD [95% CI = 1.9, 3.7], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A pattern of plasma metabolites among high-risk women is associated with a markedly elevated risk of progression to T2D later in life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3763","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chrono-nutrition for hypertension","authors":"Natalie J. Bohmke,&nbsp;Dave L. Dixon,&nbsp;Danielle L. Kirkman","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3760","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.3760","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the advancement in blood pressure (BP) lowering medications, uncontrolled hypertension persists, underscoring a stagnation of effective clinical strategies. Novel and effective lifestyle therapies are needed to prevent and manage hypertension to mitigate future progression to cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. Chrono-nutrition, aligning the timing of eating with environmental cues and internal biological clocks, has emerged as a potential strategy to improve BP in high-risk populations. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the circadian physiology of BP with an emphasis on renal and vascular circadian biology. The potential of Chrono-nutrition as a lifestyle intervention for hypertension is discussed and current evidence for the efficacy of time-restricted eating is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3760","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesogenic environments as major determinants of a disease: It is time to re-shape our cities","authors":"Ludovica Verde,&nbsp;Luigi Barrea,&nbsp;Jacqueline Bowman-Busato,&nbsp;Volkan Demirhan Yumuk,&nbsp;Annamaria Colao,&nbsp;Giovanna Muscogiuri","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3748","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.3748","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Obesity rates are increasing in almost all high- and low-income countries, and population-based approaches are necessary to reverse this trend. The current global efforts are focused on identifying the root causes of obesity and developing effective methods for early diagnosis, screening, treatment, and long-term management, both at an individual and health system level. However, there is a relative lack of effective options for early diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management, which means that population-based strategies are also needed. These strategies involve conceptual shifts towards community- and environment-focused approaches. This review aimed to provide evidence on how environmental factors contribute to the risk of obesity and how reshaping cities can help slow down obesity prevalence rates and improve long-term management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139398419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardio-renal-metabolic disease in primary care setting","authors":"Mahmoud Ibrahim,&nbsp;Ebtesam M. Ba-Essa,&nbsp;Jason Baker,&nbsp;Avivit Cahn,&nbsp;Antonio Ceriello,&nbsp;Francesco Cosentino,&nbsp;Melanie J. Davies,&nbsp;Robert H. Eckel,&nbsp;Luc Van Gaal,&nbsp;Peter Gaede,&nbsp;Yehuda Handelsman,&nbsp;Samuel Klein,&nbsp;Richard David Leslie,&nbsp;Paolo Pozzilli,&nbsp;Stefano Del Prato,&nbsp;Francesco Prattichizzo,&nbsp;Oliver Schnell,&nbsp;Petar M. Seferovic,&nbsp;Eberhard Standl,&nbsp;Abraham Thomas,&nbsp;Jaakko Tuomilehto,&nbsp;Paul Valensi,&nbsp;Guillermo E. Umpierrez","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.3755","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.3755","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the primary care setting providers have more tools available than ever before to impact positively obesity, diabetes, and their complications, such as renal and cardiac diseases. It is important to recognise what is available for treatment taking into account diabetes heterogeneity. For those who develop type 2 diabetes (T2DM), effective treatments are available that for the first time have shown a benefit in reducing mortality and macrovascular complications, in addition to the well-established benefits of glucose control in reducing microvascular complications. Some of the newer medications for treating hyperglycaemia have also a positive impact in reducing heart failure (HF). Technological advances have also contributed to improving the quality of care in patients with diabetes. The use of technology, such as continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM), has improved significantly glucose and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values, while limiting the frequency of hypoglycaemia. Other technological support derives from the use of predictive algorithms that need to be refined to help predict those subjects who are at great risk of developing the disease and/or its complications, or who may require care by other specialists. In this review we also provide recommendations for the optimal use of the new medications; sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and Glucagon-like peptide-receptor agonists 1 (GLP1RA) in the primary care setting considering the relevance of these drugs for the management of T2DM also in its early stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.3755","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}