Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The Rise of Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: An Emerging Pandemic","authors":"Shiwali Goyal,&nbsp;Vanita Vanita","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review explores the increasing prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents, focusing on its etiology, risk factors, complications, and the importance of early detection and management. It also highlights the need for a multidisciplinary, family-centered approach in managing T2DM in pediatric populations, with an emphasis on nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to incorporate studies from 2015 to 2024 on T2DM in youths/adolescents/children, focusing on epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Studies on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) or adult populations were excluded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>T2DM is a complex metabolic disorder with various societal, behavioral, environmental, and genetic risk factors. It accounts for one in three new childhood diabetes cases, with rising incidence among American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic/Latino children. The increase in T2DM incidence correlates with growing childhood obesity rates. Early onset significantly raises the risk of complications like retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. Early detection, screening, and treatment can prevent or delay these complications. A family-centered, multidisciplinary approach is essential for effective management, including lifestyle and behavioral support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>T2DM in children is a growing health concern with severe implications. Early detection and management, including nutrition and exercise counseling, are critical in reducing long-term complications. A multidisciplinary approach is vital for improving outcomes and minimizing morbidity and mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Sudomotor Dysfunction With Risk of Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Ming Wang,&nbsp;Jingyi Lu,&nbsp;Wei Zhu,&nbsp;Jiaying Ni,&nbsp;Yaxin Wang,&nbsp;Jiamin Yu,&nbsp;Weijing Zhao,&nbsp;Ronghui Du,&nbsp;Jian Zhou","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies suggested that sudomotor dysfunction is closely related to multiple diabetic microvascular complications. We aimed to investigate the association between sudomotor dysfunction and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (SCAS) in people with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1788 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. Sudomotor function was assessed using the SUDOSCAN device, and sudomotor dysfunction was defined as feet electrochemical skin conductance (FESC) &lt; 60 μs. The carotid artery was evaluated by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. SCAS was defined as mean carotid intima-media thickness ≥ 1.0 mm and/or the presence of carotid plaque. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between sudomotor dysfunction and the risk of SCAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the enrolled 1788 participants, 1094 (61.2%) were male. The median age was 60.0 (51.0–66.0) years, and the median glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 8.3% (7.1%–9.9%). Four hundred twenty-nine individuals had sudomotor dysfunction, equivalent to 24.0% of all subjects. Compared to people with normal sudomotor function, those with sudomotor dysfunction had a significantly higher prevalence of SCAS (68.1% <i>vs.</i> 58.3%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, we found that people with SCAS had a lower median FESC level (76.8 μs <i>vs.</i> 74.4 μs) (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and a higher proportion of abnormal sudomotor function (26.9% <i>vs.</i> 19.5%) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors including HbA1c, sudomotor dysfunction was significantly associated with the risk of SCAS (odd ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95%CI 1.13–1.95). Furthermore, When FESC was considered as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted OR of SCAS was 1.17 (95%CI 1.04–1.32) for per 1-SD decrease in FESC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sudomotor dysfunction was significantly related to SCAS in people with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Specific Effect and Pathways of Risk Factors on the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A 13-Year Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Xue Tian,&nbsp;Shuohua Chen,&nbsp;Yijun Zhang,&nbsp;Qin Xu,&nbsp;Xue Xia,&nbsp;Shouling Wu,&nbsp;Anxin Wang","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess risk profiles and pathways for incident type 2 diabetes by age at onset.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the Kailaun study, 92,020 participants without type 2 diabetes were enrolled and classified into four age-onset groups as &lt; 55, 55 to &lt; 65, 65 to &lt; 75, and ≥ 75 years. Clinical risk factors and serum biomarkers were examined. Cox regression and Bayesian network analysis were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the clinical risk factors, metabolic syndrome had the highest hazard ratio [HR] for type 2 diabetes onset at any age, ranging from 4.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.89–4.06) at onset in those &lt; 55 years to 2.97 (95% CI, 2.57–3.44) at onset in those ≥ 75 years. Among biomarkers, insulin resistance evaluated by triglyceride-glucose index had the highest HR (1.66; 95% CI, 1.61–1.70) for onset &lt; 55 years. In comparison, weaker but significant associations with diabetes in onset &lt; 55 years were noted for most lipids, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers. Most risk factors had attenuated relative rates at older ages. Bayesian network showed that the most important pathway to incident diabetes was through insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, with conditional probabilities ranging from 62.1% in onset &lt; 55 years, and attenuated to 16.3% for onset ≥ 75 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most risk factors for diabetes had attenuated relative rates at older ages. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, in addition to prediabetes, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, tended to be stronger risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching the Crystal Ball for Tailored GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity","authors":"Asia Saturnino,&nbsp;Ernesto Maddaloni,&nbsp;Simona Zampetti,&nbsp;Raffaella Buzzetti","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (RA) are novel agents used in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Although highly effective, the response to treatment may vary significantly among patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This perspective review aims to summarise the current knowledge about markers of poor or good response to GLP-1 RA, highlighting the possibility of tailoring treatment strategies and reducing costs associated with T2D and obesity treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, NCBI, and Scopus databases, focussing on studies published between 2016 and 2024 that evaluated factors influencing treatment outcomes with GLP-1 RA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several markers, including baseline HbA1c levels, ghrelin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) levels, specific gut microbiome composition, b-cell function, and genetic markers, were identified as factors associated with treatment response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding predictive markers of response to therapy can enhance precision-based medicine for the selection of patients eligible for GLP-1 RA, improving clinical outcomes and optimising diabetes management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations, Diabetes, Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Incident Venous Thromboembolism","authors":"Hao Xiang,&nbsp;Chun Zhou,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Gan,&nbsp;Yu Huang,&nbsp;Panpan He,&nbsp;Ziliang Ye,&nbsp;Mengyi Liu,&nbsp;Sisi Yang,&nbsp;Yanjun Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Xianhui Qin","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The association between vitamin D and the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains inconclusive. We aimed to explore the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) with incident VTE among participants with and without diabetes, and examine the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility of VTE and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms on this association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 378,082 participants free of VTE at baseline from the UK Biobank were included. Serum 25OHD concentrations were measured by the chemiluminescent immunoassay method. The primary outcome was incident VTE, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The genetic risks of VTE were estimated using 297 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with VTE. The VDR gene polymorphisms included SNPs of rs7975232, rs1544410, rs2228570 and rs731236.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During a median follow-up duration of 12.5 years, 10,645 VTE cases were recorded. Serum 25OHD had a significantly stronger inverse association with incident VTE in participants with diabetes (per SD increment, adjusted HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81–0.93) than in those without diabetes (per SD increment, adjusted HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95–0.99; <i>p</i>-interaction = 0.003). Similar trends were found for incident DVT and PE. Among participants with diabetes, the genetic risk of VTE did not significantly modify the association between serum 25OHD and incident VTE (<i>p</i>-interaction = 0.607). However, a stronger inverse association of serum 25OHD with incident VTE was found in the VDR rs2228570 AA genotype (vs. GG/AG; <i>p</i>-interaction = 0.031).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum 25OHD was inversely associated with the risk of VTE, especially among participants with diabetes, regardless of genetic risks of VTE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Proneurotensin Levels Predict Impaired Bone Mineralisation in Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Ilaria Barchetta,&nbsp;Sara Dule,&nbsp;Flavia Agata Cimini,&nbsp;Federica Sentinelli,&nbsp;Alessandro Oldani,&nbsp;Giulia Passarella,&nbsp;Tiziana Filardi,&nbsp;Vittorio Venditti,&nbsp;Enrico Bleve,&nbsp;Elisabetta Romagnoli,&nbsp;Susanna Morano,&nbsp;Andrea Lenzi,&nbsp;Olle Melander,&nbsp;Marco Giorgio Baroni,&nbsp;Maria Gisella Cavallo","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Context</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mechanisms underlying bone fragility and increased fracture risk observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are not yet fully elucidated. Previous research has suggested a role for neuropeptides in regulating bone metabolism; however, the contribution of the neuropeptide Neurotensin (NT), which is thoroughly implicated in T2D and cardiovascular disease, has not been investigated in this context.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To study the relationship between circulating levels of the NT precursor proneurotensin (proNT) and bone mineralisation in T2D women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a cross-sectional investigation with a longitudinal prospective phase, involving 126 women with T2D who underwent bone density scans and had proNT levels measured. Biomarkers of bone metabolism and inflammation were also assessed. Data on bone mineral density (BMD) after 12 months were available for 49 patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Outcome Measure</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma proNT levels in relation to BMD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>32% of the participants had osteopenia/osteoporosis and exhibited higher proNT than those with normal BMD (200.8 ± 113.7 vs. 161.6 ± 108.8 pg/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.013). ProNT inversely correlated with femur BMD and <i>T</i>-score (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and was associated with degraded bone architecture (TBS, <i>p</i> = 0.02), and higher OPN, P1NP, TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Baseline proNT correlated with further BMD reduction at the 12-month follow-up, independently of potential confounders (<i>p</i> = 0.02).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In women with T2D, greater proNT levels are associated with impaired bone mineralisation and predict mineral density decline overtime. ProNT could potentially serve as a diagnostic tool for identifying patients at higher risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis, suggesting a significant connection between this neuropeptide and bone metabolism in diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Red Blood Cells' Membrane Fluidity in Diabetes: Insights, Mechanisms, and Future Aspects","authors":"Dario Pitocco,&nbsp;Duaa Hatem,&nbsp;Alessia Riente,&nbsp;Michele Maria De Giulio,&nbsp;Alessandro Rizzi,&nbsp;Alessio Abeltino,&nbsp;Cassandra Serantoni,&nbsp;Linda Tartaglione,&nbsp;Emanuele Rizzo,&nbsp;Lorenzo Lucacchini Paoli,&nbsp;Marco De Spirito,&nbsp;Giuseppe Maulucci","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review evaluates the mechanisms underlying red blood cell (RBC) membrane fluidity changes in diabetes mellitus (DM) and explores strategies to assess and address these alterations. Emphasis is placed on developing a comprehensive index for membrane fluidity to improve monitoring and management in diabetic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We reviewed current literature on RBC membrane fluidity, focussing on lipid composition, glycation, oxidative stress, and lipid transport alterations in diabetic patients. Key methodologies include lipidomics, multi-scale probe assessment, and machine learning integration for standardized fluidity measurement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetic RBCs exhibit increased membrane fluidity, primarily due to oxidative stress, increased glycation, and dysregulated lipid composition. These alterations contribute to vascular complications and impair RBC functionality. Assessing membrane composition as a nutritional marker provides insights into the metabolic impacts of glycaemic management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a critical need for a unified and comprehensive membrane fluidity index in DM, which could support personalised interventions through dietary, medicinal, and lifestyle modifications. Future research should prioritise standardising measurement techniques and integrating lipidomic data with machine learning for predictive modelling, aiming to enhance clinical outcomes for diabetic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endothelial Angpt2 Promotes Adipocyte Progenitor Cells Maturation to Increase Visceral Adipose Tissue Accumulation","authors":"Xianhao Yi,&nbsp;Jiapu Ling,&nbsp;Yan Tang,&nbsp;Jingjing Cai,&nbsp;Shaihong Zhu,&nbsp;Liyong Zhu","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation is essential for the occurrence and development of obesity and related metabolic diseases. Currently, the specific mechanism of VAT accumulation is still unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched the Gene Expression Omnibus database to obtain single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data for VAT in patients with a normal body mass index (BMI), obesity, or morbid obesity. By using PCR, WB, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry analysis, we validated the interactions between macrophages, endothelial cells (ECs), and adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs), as well as the underlying mechanism, in VAT. Finally, we tested the findings in obese mice using recombinant proteins and adeno-associated virus infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One study with human scRNAseq data was included. This study collected 13-VAT from 5 individuals with obesity and diabetes, 9 individuals with obesity, and 1 individual with a normal BMI. The proportion of inflammatory macrophages is substantially increased in obese and diabetic patients. ECs have the most active interactions with other cells. Notably, the activation of JAK1/STAT3 is one of the reasons for the increase in inflammatory endothelial cells and can promote the secretion of angiopoietin-2 (Angpt2) and induce APCs to transition from mesothelin (MSLN) to complement factor D (CFD) expression via integrin-α5β1 signalling. This phenotypic transition promotes APC differentiation into mature adipocytes and accelerates VAT accumulation. These observations were further validated in an in vitro model and an in vivo study using Angpt2 recombinant proteins and blocking the expression of Angpt2 by adeno-associated virus infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ECs are essential for promoting VAT accumulation by facilitating APC differentiation from MSLN to CFD phenotype. This process is driven by Angpt2 from ECs upon JAK1/STAT3 signalling activation under metabolic stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction Model for Polyneuropathy in Recent-Onset Diabetes Based on Serum Neurofilament Light Chain, Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 and Standard Anthropometric and Clinical Variables","authors":"Haifa Maalmi,&nbsp;Phong B. H. Nguyen,&nbsp;Alexander Strom,&nbsp;Gidon J. Bönhof,&nbsp;Wolfgang Rathmann,&nbsp;Dan Ziegler,&nbsp;Michael P. Menden,&nbsp;Michael Roden,&nbsp;Christian Herder,&nbsp;GDS Group","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dmrr.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is often asymptomatic and remains undiagnosed. The ability of clinical and anthropometric variables to identify individuals likely to have DSPN might be limited. Here, we aimed to integrate protein biomarkers for reliably predicting present DSPN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the proximity extension assay, we measured 135 neurological and protein biomarkers of inflammation in blood samples of 423 individuals with recent-onset diabetes from the German Diabetes Study (GDS). DSPN was diagnosed based on the Toronto Consensus Criteria. We constructed (i) a protein-based prediction model using LASSO logistic regression, (ii) an optimised traditional risk model with age, sex, waist circumference, height and diabetes type and (iii) a model combining both. All models were bootstrapped to assess the robustness, and optimism-corrected AUCs (95% CI) were reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DSPN was present in 16% of the study population. LASSO logistic regression selected the neurofilament light chain (NFL) and fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF-19) as the most predictive protein biomarkers for detecting DSPN in individuals with recent-onset diabetes. The protein-based model achieved an AUC of 0.66 (0.59, 0.73), while the traditional risk model had an AUC of 0.66 (0.61, 0.74). However, combined features boosted the model performance to an AUC of 0.72 (0.67, 0.79).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a prediction model for DSPN in recent-onset diabetes based on two protein biomarkers and five standard anthropometric, demographic and clinical variables. The model has a fair discrimination performance and might be used to inform the referral of patients for further testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dmrr.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Quantitative Neuropad for Early Diagnosis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy","authors":"Zheng Yang,&nbsp;Subei Zhao,&nbsp;Yuhuan Lv,&nbsp;Linyu Xiang,&nbsp;Xiaoru Zhang,&nbsp;Zhengping Feng,&nbsp;Zhiping Liu,&nbsp;Rong Li","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) often coexists with sudomotor dysfunction, resulting in an increased risk of diabetic foot. This study aimed to explore an efficient method for early diagnosis of DPN by establishing a quantitative Neuropad.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited 518 patients with type 2 diabetes. Neuropathy Symptoms Score (NSS) combined with Neuropathy Disability Score (NDS) was used to assess distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy (DSPN). The area under the ROC curve (AUROC), sensitivity, and specificity were used to compare the diagnostic efficacy of quantitative Neuropad (the change rate of the chromatic aberration value per minute) and two types of visual Neuropad (visual Neuropad A: whether the time to complete colour change within 10 min, visual Neuropad B: the time to complete colour change) for DPN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We did not observe very good diagnostic efficacy of Neuropad (visual Neuropad A and B: 0.59 and 0.64, quantitative Neuropad AUROC: 0.62–0.64) when using standard DSPN diagnostic criteria (NDS 6–12 or NDS 3–5 combined with NSS 5–9). When DPN was assessed by NSS + NDS ≥ 4, visual Neuropad B improved the specificity (AUROC 0.72, 67.00%, specificity 71.70%) by extending the detection time compared with visual Neuropad A (AUROC 0.62, sensitivity 81.80%, specificity 41.70%). Quantitative Neuropad significantly improved the diagnostic effect (AUROC 0.81, sensitivity 80.0%, specificity 76.3%) and reduced the detection time (4 min).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides a new quantitative Neuropad, which has great potential to be an extremely useful diagnostic tool for early screening of sudomotor dysfunction in the clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}