Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献

{"title":"Neuromelioidosis in a child from Southern India: Diagnostic and therapeutic insights","authors":"Pratibha Bhat U,&nbsp;Asem Ali Ashraf,&nbsp;Anulekha Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melioidosis, caused by <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em>, presents with diverse clinical manifestations. This is a case of a 1-year-old female presenting with fever, and altered sensorium. Her MRI had revealed features suggestive of brainstem encephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed the presence of <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em>. Treatment involved a two-phase antibiotic therapy: the acute phase and the eradication phase, and after 14 days of appropriate antibiotics, the patient stabilized and was discharged with follow-up care. This case underscores the importance of recognizing the rare neurological presentation of neuromelioidosis in pediatric patients, emphasizing the need for timely diagnosis and treatment to improve outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal susceptibility of a collection of Aspergillus fumigatus strains isolated from patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and COVID-19 associated aspergillosis","authors":"Andrea Liberatore ,&nbsp;Giulia Lombardi ,&nbsp;Donatella Lombardo ,&nbsp;Tiziana Lazzarotto ,&nbsp;Claudio Foschi ,&nbsp;Simone Ambretti","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We assessed the antifungal susceptibility of 86 <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> strains by a phenotypic test. Azole sensitivity was compared to a molecular test detecting cyp51A mutations. Azole resistance was quite limited, whereas strains from COVID-19 patients showed higher amphotericin B MICs. The molecular test showed a 100 %-agreement with the phenotypic assay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractory tenosynovitis caused by Mycobacterium virginiense required repeated debridement: A case report and literature review","authors":"Takafumi Sekiguchi ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Kawasuji ,&nbsp;Mineyuki Zukawa ,&nbsp;Nana Sugie ,&nbsp;Kazushige Sugie ,&nbsp;Mika Morita ,&nbsp;Kentaro Nagaoka ,&nbsp;Yoshitomo Morinaga ,&nbsp;Hideki Niimi ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycobacterium virginiense</em> is a slow-growing mycobacterium first described in 2016 as a novel species within the <em>Mycobacterium terrae</em> complex. To date, 8 cases of <em>M. virginiense</em> tenosynovitis or osteomyelitis have been reported, though none have been relapsed cases. A previously healthy 70-year-old Japanese man presented to a local orthopedic clinic with pain, swelling, and stiffness in his right middle finger. Initially diagnosed with trigger finger, he received multiple steroid injections. He was ultimately diagnosed with <em>M. virginiense</em> tenosynovitis. Despite synovectomy and antimicrobial therapy with ethambutol, rifampicin, and clarithromycin, a relapse occurred, necessitating a second tenosynovectomy, which led to remission. Antimicrobial therapy continued for approximately 20 months without recurrence. This case illustrates that <em>M. virginiense</em> can cause refractory tenosynovitis even in immunocompetent hosts. Delayed diagnosis and repeated local steroid injections may have contributed to disease progression and treatment failure in <em>M. virginiense</em> tenosynovitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover 2 - Aims/Scopes, Ed Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0732-8893(25)00177-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0732-8893(25)00177-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in an infant with Hyper IgM Syndrome: A rare case report","authors":"Chunyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Chang Song ,&nbsp;Xianzhen Huang ,&nbsp;Xiayan Meng ,&nbsp;Aichun Huang ,&nbsp;Chaoyan Xu ,&nbsp;Lili Luo ,&nbsp;Shaoyong Xi ,&nbsp;Yanqun Lan ,&nbsp;Weiwen Li ,&nbsp;Qingdong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hyper Immunoglobulin M syndrome is rare. We report a 7-month-old infant who suffered Hyper Immunoglobulin M syndrome and developed non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lymphadenitis. The former was confirmed by next-generation sequencing revealed X-linked recessive, whilst initial immunoglobulin testing displayed high IgM levels. The latter was diagnosed by lymph node pus acid-fast staining smear, culture and PCR. The child received therapy. Meanwhile, he was treated with immune supporting. The child was followed up for 11 months, and he progressed well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumococcal surface proteins as targets for next-generation vaccines: Addressing the challenges of serotype variation","authors":"Sangeetha Gopalakrishnan ,&nbsp;Premkumar Jayapal ,&nbsp;James John","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> is a major global pathogen causing significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among children, the elderly, and immunocompromised populations. While pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have successfully reduced invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), challenges such as serotype replacement and non-encapsulated strains necessitate serotype-independent vaccine strategies. Pneumococcal surface proteins, including pneumolysin (Ply), choline-binding proteins (CBPs), and histidine triad proteins (PHTs), represent promising universal vaccine targets due to their conserved nature and roles in adhesion, immune evasion, and biofilm formation. Advances in protein engineering, such as detoxified Ply derivatives and multivalent formulations incorporating PhtD and PspA, demonstrate potential in preclinical studies. Novel technologies, including reverse vaccinology and extracellular vesicle-based platforms, further accelerate innovation. This review highlights recent progress in pneumococcal surface protein research, emphasizing their potential to address the limitations of PCVs and mitigate antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal strains, representing a transformative approach to global pneumococcal disease prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the economic impact of different testing strategies for meningitis/encephalitis in adult patients from a us hospital perspective","authors":"Rodrigo Hasbun ,&nbsp;Kyle D. Hueth ,&nbsp;Tristan T. Timbrook ,&nbsp;Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala ,&nbsp;Lohit Korrapati ,&nbsp;David Proudman ,&nbsp;Catherine Regan ,&nbsp;Adrienne Kwok ,&nbsp;Noam Kirson","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Meningitis and encephalitis (ME) are life-threatening conditions whose severity vary by etiology. Often, patients with suspected ME are unnecessarily hospitalized and treated with empiric therapy while clinicians determine etiology. ME diagnosis and treatment algorithms vary across hospitals, with some using a battery of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) or multiplex/syndromic testing, and others relying only on bacterial culture and send-out tests.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We modeled the economic impact of 4 ME testing strategies from a US hospital perspective.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A synthetic sample of 20,000 suspected ME cases was generated based on published ME etiology distribution. A Monte Carlo model simulated diagnosis, treatment, and resource use/costs from a US community hospital perspective in 4 scenarios: syndromic testing, syndromic testing in conjunction with RDTs, a battery of 4 RDTs, and off-site-only testing. Mean inpatient resource use and cost per suspected ME case were estimated. Sensitivity analyses were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) cost per suspected ME case was $15,465 ($15,285-$15,644) with syndromic testing, $15,720 ($15,536-$15,903) under conjunction testing, $16,412 ($16,226-$16,598) with the battery of 4 RDTs, and $19,337 ($19,150-$19,525) with off-site-only testing. Cost savings were driven by reductions in hospital stay from reduced time to correct pathogen identification. Test performance characteristics and time to pathogen identification had the largest impact on modeled costs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using the battery of 4 RDTs or syndromic testing would result in cost savings for hospitals currently not using RDTs. Syndromic testing would yield additional savings over the battery of 4 RDTs by further shortening hospital stays.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>A simulation model estimated that syndromic testing would result in cost savings of $947-$3,873 compared with rapid diagnostic testing and off-site-only testing from a US hospital perspective, through reductions in length of stay, due to more timely pathogen diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S. suis serotype 2 meningitis in a patient with horse contact in a Japanese stable: A case report","authors":"Jura Oshida ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ito ,&nbsp;Kimiko Ubukata ,&nbsp;Misako Takata ,&nbsp;Kiyofumi Ohkusu ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Ohba ,&nbsp;Akihiko Saida ,&nbsp;Shigeki Nakamura ,&nbsp;Daiki Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus suis</em> is a Gram-positive zoonotic pathogen primarily associated with pigs, but its potential transmission from other animals remains unclear. We report a case of <em>S. suis</em> serotype 2 meningitis in a 56-year-old Filipino stable worker with no known contact with pigs but a history of direct exposure to horses. He presented with fever and persistent headache following a head injury sustained one month prior. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed bacterial meningitis, and blood and CSF cultures identified <em>S. suis</em> serotype 2. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, the patient developed a brain abscess requiring craniotomy and experienced prolonged disorientation. This is the first reported case of <em>S. suis</em> meningitis suspected to have originated from a horse, highlighting the need for further epidemiological studies on non-porcine sources of <em>S. suis</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 4","pages":"Article 116868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis by a needlestick injury: an occupational infection or “experimental infection”?","authors":"Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Araujo Fiuza ,&nbsp;Soraya T Gaze","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leishmaniasis is a Neglected Tropical Disease caused by unicellular parasitic kinetoplastids of the genus <em>Leishmania</em> spp., with 20 species associated with human infections. This case report describes an accidental inoculation of <em>Leishmania major</em> suffered by a graduate student in a research and education institution laboratory. Eight months after the occupational accident, the student developed an erythematous, painless papule at the needlestick injury site. Within a week, the lesion worsened, showing ulceration and an increase in size. The diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis was based on clinical observations and confirmed by histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry, and parasite culture. Following diagnosis, the patient was referred for treatment with a dosage of 81 mg SbV/kg of Glucantime, administered slowly via intravenous infusion diluted in 100 ml of 5 % glucose saline solution, every 24 h for 20 consecutive days. Furthermore, this case report emphasises the critical need for periodic training for research professionals to ensure their knowledge of protocols guiding prevention and response to occupational infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116863"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral fluid versus blood in HIV self-testing: A step towards “95-95-95” targets of the UNAIDS?","authors":"Pachamuthu Balakrishnan ,&nbsp;Ramachandran Vignesh ,&nbsp;Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh ,&nbsp;Saravanan Shanmugam ,&nbsp;Iyanar Kannan ,&nbsp;Sathasivam Sivamalar ,&nbsp;Sivadoss Raju ,&nbsp;Vijayakumar Velu ,&nbsp;Esaki M Shankar ,&nbsp;Sree T. Sucharitha","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The population of HIV-infected individuals who are not aware of their HIV status or who do not usually have access to HIV services should be reached by the newer strategies. The WHO's guideline on HIV self-testing (HIV-ST) was based on a boost in the number of tests administered in randomized clinical trials, including those carried out among the general population in regions with a high HIV burden. Therefore, HIV-ST offers tremendous potential as a strategy to enhance testing frequency and improve access to HIV testing among key high-risk populations and their partners. Recent studies have documented that HIV-ST with oral fluid is perceived as a more convenient and also preferred option than using the finger prick blood-based testing due to “fear of prick”, and have also reported of user’s error with finger prick blood-based tests increasing than oral fluid-based test. The major benefit of oral fluid-based HIV-ST is that it makes it easier for first-time users to access testing and is more likely to increase testing frequency among key high-risk populations. The current review summarizes the pros and cons of the HIV-ST devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 1","pages":"Article 116867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}