Yoel William Prasetyo Kamto, Farha Dapas, S. Rondonuwu
{"title":"Keanekaragaman Jenis Makroalga Di Perairan Kecamatan Tombariri Kawasan Taman Nasional Bunaken Sulawesi Utara","authors":"Yoel William Prasetyo Kamto, Farha Dapas, S. Rondonuwu","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.55022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.55022","url":null,"abstract":"Makroalga menjadi salah satu organisme laut yang melimpah di perairan. Fungsi makroalga di alam yaitu menjadi sumber makanan serta dapat menyediakan habitat untuk biota laut. Makroalga juga banyak memberikan manfaat dalam bidang pangan, ekonomi dan kesehatan untuk itu perlu dilakukannya penelitian terhadap makroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman jenis makroalga di Perairan Kecamatan Tombariri Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan pembuatan garis transek dan plot pada zona littoral. Inventarisasi makroalga yang ditemukan di Perairan Kecamatan Tombariri terdiri dari 17 famili, 32 jenis dan 3,705 individu makroalga yang terbagi dalam tiga divisi. Terdapat 20 jenis makroalga Divisi Chlorophyta, 4 jenis makroalga Ochrophyta dan 8 jenis makroalga Rhodophyta. Indeks keanekaragaman makroalga di Perairan Kecamatan Tombariri termasuk dalam kategori sedang dengan nilai (2,79). Indeks keanekaragaman stasiun I Desa Poopoh memiliki nilai (2,78) dan stasiun II Desa Teling (2,44). Kondisi jenis makroalga cukup stabil dan tekanan ekologis sedang.","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Sompie, J. R. Leke, J. Laihad, H. Kiroh, Nontje Kumajas, R. Siahaan
{"title":"Performance of Laying Chickens with Feed Additive Cinnamon Flour (Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T.Nees) Blume)","authors":"F. Sompie, J. R. Leke, J. Laihad, H. Kiroh, Nontje Kumajas, R. Siahaan","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.53654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.53654","url":null,"abstract":"Chickens are important commodities due to human need eggs to meet animal protein. Increasing of resistance of bacteria to synthetic antibiotics and consumer understanding of health and food safety have stimulated use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in poultry industry. AGP applied sustainable feed management steps to improve gut health and poultry growth performance. Cinnamon, one of the spices as a natural product. This useful source due to antioxidants, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and hypo-cholesterolemic effects and its capability to activate digestion enzymes in intestine. This research aimed to analyze the performance of laying chicken eggs fed with cinnamon flour. The treatments used were cinnamon flour with levels R0 (basal ration, without cinnamon flour/CF, R1 (99.5% BR+ 0.5% CF), R2 (99% BR+ 1% CF), R3 (98% BR + 1.5 % CF), and R4 (98% BR + 2% CF). Data were analyzed with Completely Randomized Design and Duncan's test. Variables were ration consumption, Hen Day Production/HDP and ration conversion. Results showed that adding 2% cinnamon flour significant effect on feed consumption, HDP (P< 0,01) but insignificant on ration conversion (P>0.05). Cinnamon flour as feed additive source up to 2% level can increase the performance of laying hens.","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organoleptic Test of Salam Leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) as an Herbal Drink with the Addition of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera L.)","authors":"Kirana Pebriana, M. Idris, Rahmadina","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54689","url":null,"abstract":"Tea is a fresh drink made from processed tea leaves. Bay leaves and Moringa leaves are used as the main ingredients in making this tea. Syzygium polyanthum and Moringa oleifera L. plants contain the same compounds, namely flavonoids and have anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to measure antioxidant and flavonoid levels in the making of bay leaf tea with the addition of Moringa leaves, as well as conduct organoleptic tests in Kampung Dalam Village. This research method is experimental with quantitative data analysis, using four formulations in antioxidant and flavonoid tests, namely 80%: 20%, 70%: 30%, 60%: 40%, and 50%: 50%, as well as survey method with quantitative data analysis for organoleptic properties test. The results showed that the highest antioxidant and flavonoid levels were found in the 80:20% formulation, which were 13.22 ppm and 42.7500 mQE/g. The organoleptic assessment results showed that the 50%:50% formulation had the highest level of liking at 75% with a neutral description. In addition, the 70%:30% formulation has the highest aroma level of 77.5% with a scented description, the 50%:50% formulation has the highest taste level of 70% with a tasteless description, and the 50%:50% formulation has the highest color level of 67.5% with a yellowish green description. The conclusion is that the addition of moringa leaves as an herbal drink to bay leaves has a significant effect on liking, aroma, taste and color","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":" 85","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140210459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uji Organoleptik Daun Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) sebagai Teh Herbal Dengan Penambahan Jahe (Zingiber officinale) di Desa Pematang Setrak Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu","authors":"Sinta Rahayu, M. Idris, Rahmadina","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54662","url":null,"abstract":"Tanaman Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) merupakan salah satu jenis mangrove yang memiliki banyak manfaat, salah satunya adalah pemanfaatannya untuk membuat teh dengan campuran jahe (Zingiber officinale). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan analisis data kuantitatif untuk menguji kadar antioksidan dan kadar flavonoid pada berbagai formulasi, yaitu 80%: 20%, 70%: 30%, 60%: 40%, dan 50%: 50%. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode survei dengan analisis data kualitatif untuk menguji sifat organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi dengan 50% jeruju dan 50% jahe memiliki kadar antioksidan dan kadar flavonoid total tertinggi. Dari segi organoleptik, formulasi 60%: 40% mendapatkan nilai tertinggi dari segi kesukaan yaitu 56%, sedangkan dari segi aroma, formulasi 60%: 40% mendapatkan nilai tertinggi yaitu 75%. Dari segi rasa, formulasi 50%:50% mendapatkan nilai tertinggi yaitu 75,6%, dan dari segi warna, formulasi 50%:50% mendapatkan nilai tertinggi yaitu 80,4%.","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Bataragoa, Ari B. Rondonuwu, Fransine B. Manginsela
{"title":"Keanekaragaman Ikan Estuari di Teluk Manado","authors":"N. Bataragoa, Ari B. Rondonuwu, Fransine B. Manginsela","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.51507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.51507","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman ikan pada estuari di Teluk Manado. Sampling dilaksanakan pada empat muara sungai, yang bermuari di Teluk Manado. Sampling dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni dan Juli 2023 dengan menggunakan jaring pantai, panjang jaring 20 m, tinggi 2 m dengan mata jaring 2 cm. Penangkapan dilaksankan pada saat air surut pada fase bulan baru dan bulan purnama. Keanekaragaman dianalisisi dengan pendekatan kelimpahan relalitif (K) indeks dominasi (D) dan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon index (Hʹ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua parameter fisika-kimia baik untuk kelangsungan hidup ikan. Empat puluh tiga (43) spesies dengan 30 famili ditemukan dalam penelitian ini. Ambassis interrupta dan A.gymnocephalus (Ambassidae) adalah spesies dengan kelimpahan relative tinggi masing-masing 22,0% dan 33,6%. Nilai ideks keanekaragaman Shannon’s (Hʹ=2,24) dan indek dominasi (D=0,19). Terdapat 14 spesies residen (10 famili) dan 29 spesies migran (20 famili). Khusus untuk spesies rsiden, nilai ideks keanekaragaman Shannon’s (Hʹ=1,6) dan indek dominasi (D=0,4).","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":"187 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Etanol dan Etil Asestat Biji Sawo (Achras zapota L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Shigella flexneri dan Bacillus cereus IHB B 379","authors":"Fuza Amalia, Elvi Rusmiyanto, Rahmawati","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54052","url":null,"abstract":"Tanaman sawo (Achras zapota L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif berupa alkaloid, flavonoid, kuinon, saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid serta tanin yang dapat berperan sebagai antibakteri. Senyawa bioaktif tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengatasi penyakit diare yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Shigella flexneri dan Bacillus cereus. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan aktivitas antibakteri dan konsentrasi terbaik fraksi etanol dan fraksi etil asetat biji sawo (A. zapota) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. flexneri dan B. cereus. Biji sawo (A. zapota) yang digunakan berasal dari Desa Arang Limbung, Kubu Raya dan bakteri uji berasal dari koleksi Laboratorium Mikrobiologi FMIPA Universitas Tanjungpura. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan parameter berdasarkan perbedaan tingkat konsentrasi fraksi 0,0025; 0,005; 0,01 g/mL serta DMSO 10% dan ciprofloaxin 500 g/mL digunakan sebagai pembanding. Cakram pada medium dibuat dengan diameter sebesar 6 mm, kemudian dimasukkan fraksi etanol dan fraksi etil asetat biji sawo (A. zapota) dan diinkubasi pada suhu 370C selama 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi terbaik fraksi etanol biji sawo (A. zapota) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan S. flaxneri dan B. cereus adalah 0,005 g/mL dan 0,01 g/mL. Konsentrasi terbaik fraksi etil asetat biji sawo (A. zapota) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan S. flaxneri dan B. cereus adalah 0,0025 g/mL dan 0,01 g/mL. \u0000Kata Kunci: Achras zapota; antibakteri; Shigella flexneri; Bacillus cereus; biji sawo","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saroyo, Parluhutan Siahaan, S. Tongkukut, Adelfia Papu
{"title":"Pertumbuhan Distribusi, Ukuran Kelompok, dan aktivitas Kerak Kerbau (Acridotheres javanicus Cabanis, 1851) dan Kerak Perut-Pucat (Acridotheres cinereus Bonaparte, 1850) di Kota Manado dan Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara","authors":"Saroyo, Parluhutan Siahaan, S. Tongkukut, Adelfia Papu","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.52209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.52209","url":null,"abstract":"Research on growth distribution, group size, and activity of javan myna [Acridotheres javanicus (Cabanis, Jl 1851)] and pale-bellied myna [Acridotheres cinereus Bonaparte, CLJL 1850] in Manado City and North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, was carried out from July 2021 to June 2023. The aim of the study was to examine the geographical distribution of javan myna and pale-bellied myna in Manado City and North Minahasa Regency after the last survey conducted by Tasirin & Fitzsimons [23], determine group size, and analyze their activities. The research method used is a survey by determining the location, the number of individuals, or the number of birds in a group (group) when found and doing activities together, as well as bird activity during encounters, which are classified according to the classification applied to the Bali starling (Leucopsar rothschildi) [22]. The results showed that javan myna was scattered in only a few locations in Manado City and North Minahasa Regency, while pale-bellied myna was widely distributed with a tendency to approach residential areas and urban areas. The herd sizes observed during the survey were 3 individuals for javan myna and 1-25 individuals for pale-bellied myna. Activities observed during the survey included flying, walking, foraging, eating, drinking, socializing and caring for children, vocalizations, perching, and nesting. With these results, it can be concluded that the javan myna has low adaptability and growth compared to the pale-bellied myna, which has a very high adaptation to human life, so that it can survive and thrive in Manado City and North Minahasa Regency and take advantage of the resources built humans, such as using the tops of churches, houses, and buildings for nesting sites, doing activities close to human activities, and using household waste as food. With these results, it is important to analyze the effect of population growth and distribution of javan myna, especially for the benefit of conserving local species in other Sturnidae.","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":" 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramlah Ramlah, Indrastuti Indrastuti, Mufti Hatur Rahmah, M. Pabendon
{"title":"Genetic Variation of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) Germplasm From Polewali Mandar West Sulawesi Based On Morphological Characters","authors":"Ramlah Ramlah, Indrastuti Indrastuti, Mufti Hatur Rahmah, M. Pabendon","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.54702","url":null,"abstract":"Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) is a cereal crop that has long been domesticated worldwide and has been adopted as a model crop to provide a deeper understanding of plant biology. This plant has long been a mainstay of indigenous Indonesian people, especially in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi Province. This study aims to evaluate the genetic variation of foxtail millet germplasm from Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi based on morphological characters. Three germplasm populations were collected from Polewali Mandar to assess genetic variation in millet germplasm. The observations of morphological traits were carried out based on the IBPGR of Setaria italica. Genetic variation in foxtail millet populations was measured using 28 morphological traits with nine qualitative and 19 quantitative characters. The research showed that seed color, stem diameter, plant height, panicle stalk length, and panicle stalk diameter had diverse variations. Cluster analysis of morphological characters using the UPGMA method shows a similarity coefficient ranging from 0.15-0.2. At a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.2, the three populations were divided into Cluster A and Cluster B. Cluster A consists of two populations (Minna' and Lasse'). In contrast, Cluster B consists of one population (Bulawang). The millet population SLB.C.3-SLB.A.1 has the highest genetic distance and is a potential candidate to be selected as a parent cross to produce higher het-erosis. Intensification of millet plant breeding programs is expected to increase the genetic basis for determining specific characteristics.","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140220887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keanekaragaman Primata Diurnal Di Bukit Semujan Resort Semangit Taman Nasional Danau Sentarum","authors":"I. G. B. W. Aditama, Hari Prayogo, Destiana","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.51586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.51586","url":null,"abstract":"Primata adalah salah satu ordo yang memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan di alam, hal ini dibuktikan dari peran mamalia ini dalam penyebaran dan pemencaran biji. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian untuk mendata dan mendeskripsikan keanekaragaman primata diurnal yang terdapat di Bukit Semujan dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Danau Sentarum. Penelitian menggunakan metode teknik observasi lapangan dengan jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat 4 spesies primata yang berada Bukit Semujan. Macaca fascicularis merupakan spesies paling banyak dijumpai di bukit Semujan Resort Semangit dengan nilai dominansi sebesar 0,264. Keanekaragaman primata di Bukit Semujan Resort Semangit masuk kedalam kategori sedang dengan nilai indeks Keanekaragaman jenis sebesar 1,180. Dominansi di Bukit Semujan termasuk rendah dengan nilai sebesar 0,359. Kemerataan jenis di Bukit Semujan masuk kategori tinggi dengan nilai indeks kemerataan jenis (e) sebesar 0,851. Kekayaan jenis di Bukit Semujan masuk kategori rendah dengan nilai sebesar 0,600. Kesamaan jenis (IS) yang paling besar sebesar 100%. \u0000Kata kunci: Primata; Keanekaragaman Jenis; Bukit Semujan","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":" 81","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kemampuan Tanaman Air Sebagai Fitoremediator Limbah Cair Pabrik Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit","authors":"Wahyu Lestari, Lidya Putri Ande Siregar","doi":"10.35799/jbl.v14i1.52032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i1.52032","url":null,"abstract":"Limbah cair dari pabrik pengolahan kelapa sawit merupakan limbah utama sehingga berpotensi sebagai pencemar lingkungan yang paling tinggi. Pengolahan limbah dapat dilakukan secara Fitoremediasi menggunakan tanaman air. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan tanaman L. flava, P. stratiotes dan I. aquatica sebagai fitoremediator dalam penngolahan limbah cair kelapa sawit. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan (jenis tanaman air: Limnocharis flava, Pistia stratiotes dan Ipomoea aquatica) dan kontrol tanpa menggunakan tanaman. Penelitian dilakukan selama 15 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, ketiga tanaman air (Limnocharis flava, Pistia stratiotes dan Ipomoea aquatica) mampu meningkatkan pH dan menurunkan COD pada limbah cair kelapa sawit. Ketiga tanaman air mengalami penurunan biomassa segar tanaman.","PeriodicalId":113222,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOS LOGOS","volume":" 69","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}