Digestion最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Treatments for Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Paula Chu, Jasmina Mioc, Peter O'Donovan, Owen Henry","doi":"10.1159/000541326","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is caused by multiple clinical conditions such as cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis (CP). Standard management of EPI includes pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) along with consultation with a dietitian. While PERTs have been on the market for several decades, newer publications on their clinical efficacy and safety raised the need for a comprehensive review of the literature. We aimed to identify the available evidence on the clinical efficacy and safety of treatments for EPI to understand the current treatment landscape and unmet need in patients with EPI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted in Embase, Medline, and Evidence-Based Medicine databases from 2010 to 2022; conference proceedings from 2020 to 2022 were also searched. Articles were screened independently by two reviewers at abstract and full-text stage against predefined eligibility criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 26 journal publications and two conference abstracts, reporting on 22 randomized control trials, four observational studies, and two single-arm interventional studies. The most reported treatment was pancrelipase, specifically Creon® (n = 12). Fourteen studies reported coefficient of fat absorption (CFA) results. Across studies, patients experienced a considerable increase in CFA post-initiation of treatment regardless of intervention or timepoint. Mean change in CFA ranged from 7.5% in patients with CP who received placebo to 36% in patients with CP treated with Creon®. Ten studies reported coefficient of nitrogen absorption (CNA). Where reported, pancrelipase (including Creon®) increased CNA levels in EPI patients compared to placebo. Only one study compared PERT brands head-to-head: no significant differences were reported in the CNA-72 h values (Creon® 82.0% [SE: 1.2] vs. Zenpep® 80.9% [SE: 1.2]). Loss of body weight and low body mass index (BMI) are important features of EPI. Overall, treatment with PERT increased BMI and body weight, or limited their decline, with increases ranging from 0.1 to 6.1 kg. Based on the 18 studies that reported safety outcomes, PERT was considered safe and well tolerated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This SLR confirmed that PERT is an effective and tolerable treatment option for patients with EPI. However, nutritional parameters and health-related quality of life data were sparsely reported, and future clinical trials should look to incorporate these data given their importance in clinical practice and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C-Kit Immunohistochemical Expression as a Complementary Method to Assess Mast Cell Density in Helicobacter pylori-Mediated Gastritis.","authors":"Ava T Ismael, Rafal A Abdulhameed, Bushra A Hamdi, Rawaz D Tawfeeq, Aram Ommar","doi":"10.1159/000541387","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic gastritis is a group of conditions commonly characterized by stomach lining inflammation. The study aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological aspects that play a role in its development. Additionally, the study examines the use of CD117 as an immunohistochemistry marker in evaluating mast cell density (MCD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in Iraqi Kurdistan with a sample size of 380 patients. Patient data included gastritis type, neutrophil infiltration severity, mononuclear cell infiltration within the lamina propria, intestinal metaplasia, and glandular atrophy, which were categorized and given a score. The CD117 level was identified using an anti-human rabbit polyclonal antibody.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant association was revealed between Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastritis and non-specific gastritis with age, activity, H. pylori and MCD, dysplasia, and malignancy. Meanwhile, no association was found with gender, inflammatory infiltrate, intestinal metaplasia, and glandular atrophy. C-Kit exhibited a marked increase in MCD in patients with H. pylori-mediated gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, atrophy, and gastric carcinoma. However, a significant decrease in MCD was observed on repeating endoscopy evaluations for patients after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regions that exhibit severe inflammation, metaplasia, atrophy, and carcinoma demonstrated an increase in MCD with H. pylori-mediated gastritis. A detailed investigation in clinical practice to screen early diagnosis and treatment needs to be performed in high H. pylori prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Diarrhea 2023.","authors":"Eikichi Ihara, Noriaki Manabe, Hidenori Ohkubo, Naotaka Ogasawara, Haruei Ogino, Kazuki Kakimoto, Motoyori Kanazawa, Hidejiro Kawahara, Chika Kusano, Shiko Kuribayashi, Akinari Sawada, Tomohisa Takagi, Shota Takano, Toshihiko Tomita, Toshihiro Noake, Mariko Hojo, Ryota Hokari, Tatsuhiro Masaoka, Tomohiko Machida, Noboru Misawa, Yoshiyuki Mishima, Hiroshi Yajima, Sayuri Yamamoto, Hiroshi Yamawaki, Tatsuya Abe, Yasumi Araki, Kunio Kasugai, Takeshi Kamiya, Akira Torii, Atsushi Nakajima, Koji Nakada, Shin Fukudo, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Hiroto Miwa, Hiromi Kataoka, Akihito Nagahara, Kazuhide Higuchi","doi":"10.1159/000541121","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Japan Gastroenterological Association (JGA) published the first version of clinical guidelines for chronic diarrhea 2023. These guidelines describe the definition, classification, diagnostic criteria, diagnostic testing methods, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of chronic diarrhea, and provide flowcharts for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic diarrhea based on the latest evidence. Treatment for chronic diarrhea begins by distinguishing secondary chronic constipation with a clear etiology, such as drug-induced diarrhea, food-induced diarrhea, systemic disease-associated diarrhea, infection-associated diarrhea, organic disease-associated diarrhea, and bile acid diarrhea. The first line of treatment for chronic diarrhea in the narrow sense, defined in these guidelines as functional diarrhea in routine medical care, is lifestyle modification and dietary therapy. The first medicines to be considered for oral treatment are probiotics for regulating the gut microbiome and anti-diarrheals. Other medications, such as 5HT3 receptor antagonists, anticholinergics, Kampo medicine, psychotherapy, antibiotics, bulking agents, adrenergic agonists, and somatostatin analogs, lack sufficient evidence for their use, highlighting a challenge for future research. This Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Diarrhea 2023, which provides the best clinical strategies for treating chronic diarrhea in Japan, will also be useful for medical treatment worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142092482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a Novel Activated NK-Associated Gene Score Associated with Diagnosis and Biological Therapy Response in Ulcerative Colitis.","authors":"Siyuan Dong, Yu Zhang, Lingna Ye, Qian Cao","doi":"10.1159/000540939","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Natural killer (NK) cells are associated with the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC); however, their precise contributions remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the activated NK-associated gene (ANAG) score in UC and evaluate its predictive value in response to biological therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Single Cell Portal (SCP) databases. In the bulk RNA-seq, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by the \"Batch correction\" and \"Robust rank aggregation\" (RRA) methods. The immune infiltration landscape was estimated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT. DEGs that correlated with activated NK cells were identified as activated NK-associated genes (ANAGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were used to screen key ANAGs and establish an ANAG score. The expression levels of the four key ANAGs were validated in human samples by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence. The potential therapeutic drugs for UC were identified using the DSigDB database. Through scRNA-seq data analysis, the cell scores based on the ANAGs were calculated by \"AddModuleScore\" and \"AUCell.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immune infiltration analysis revealed a higher abundance of activated NK cells in noninflamed UC tissues (ssGSEA, p &lt; 0.001; CIBERSORT, p &lt; 0.01). Fifty-four DEGs correlated with activated NK cells were identified as ANAGs. The ANAG score was established using four key ANAGs (SELP, TIMP1, MMP7, and ABCG2). The ANAG scores were significantly higher in inflamed tissues (p &lt; 0.001) and in biological therapy nonresponders (NR) tissues before treatment (golimumab, p &lt; 0.05; ustekinumab, p &lt; 0.001). The ANAG score demonstrated an excellent diagnostic value (AUC = 0.979). Patients with higher ANAG scores before treatment were more likely to experience a lack of response to golimumab or ustekinumab (golimumab, p &lt; 0.05; ustekinumab, p &lt; 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study established a novel ANAG score with the ability to precisely diagnose UC and distinguish the efficacy of biological treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000540600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000540600","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023.","authors":"Eikichi Ihara, Noriaki Manabe, Hidenori Ohkubo, Naotaka Ogasawara, Haruei Ogino, Kazuki Kakimoto, Motoyori Kanazawa, Hidejiro Kawahara, Chika Kusano, Shiko Kuribayashi, Akinari Sawada, Tomohisa Takagi, Shota Takano, Toshihiko Tomita, Toshihiro Noake, Mariko Hojo, Ryota Hokari, Tatsuhiro Masaoka, Tomohiko Machida, Noboru Misawa, Yoshiyuki Mishima, Hiroshi Yajima, Sayuri Yamamoto, Hiroshi Yamawaki, Tatsuya Abe, Yasumi Araki, Kunio Kasugai, Takeshi Kamiya, Akira Torii, Atsushi Nakajima, Koji Nakada, Shin Fukudo, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Hiroto Miwa, Hiromi Kataoka, Akihito Nagahara, Kazuhide Higuchi","doi":"10.1159/000540912","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Japan Gastroenterological Association published the first version of its clinical guidelines for chronic constipation 2023. Based on the latest evidence, these guidelines describe the definition, classification, diagnostic criteria, diagnostic testing methods, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of chronic constipation. They include flowcharts for both diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation. In the treatment of chronic constipation, the first step involves differentiating between secondary forms, such as organic disease-associated constipation, systemic disease-associated constipation, and drug-induced constipation. The next step is to determine whether the chronic constipation stems from a motility disorder, a form of primary chronic constipation. For functional constipation and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, treatment should be initiated after evaluating symptoms like reduced bowel movement frequency type or defecation difficulty type. The first line of treatment includes the improvement of lifestyle habits and diet therapy. The first drugs to consider for oral treatment are osmotic laxatives. If these are ineffective, secretagogues and ileal bile acid transporter inhibitors are candidates. However, stimulant laxatives are exclusively designated for as-needed use. Probiotics, bulk-forming laxatives, prokinetics, and Kampo medicines, for which there is insufficient evidence, are considered alternative or complementary therapy. Providing the best clinical strategies for chronic constipation therapy in Japan, these clinical guidelines for chronic constipation 2023 should prove useful for its treatment worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toll-Like Receptor 7-Expressed Macrophages Are Involved in the Pathogenesis of Esophageal Achalasia and Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction.","authors":"Masatoshi Kaizuka, Tetsuya Tatsuta, Shogo Kawaguchi, Tadashi Yoshizawa, Shukuko Yoshida, Tetsuyuki Tateda, Yohei Sawada, Shinji Ota, Shiro Hayamizu, Keisuke Hasui, Hidezumi Kikuchi, Hiroto Hiraga, Daisuke Chinda, Takahiro Muroya, Kenichi Hakamada, Hiroshi Kijima, Tatsuya Mikami, Shinsaku Fukuda, Hirotake Sakuraba","doi":"10.1159/000540693","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Esophageal achalasia is a typical esophageal motility disorder (EMD). Although viral infections have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of esophageal achalasia, its etiology remains unclear. This study used esophageal muscle layer specimens collected during per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) procedures to investigate the association between esophageal achalasia and esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and pattern recognition receptors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with esophageal achalasia and EGJOO who underwent POEM were allocated to the EMD group. Biopsies of the inner circular muscle were conducted during the POEM procedure. The control group comprised individuals diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent surgical resection. Expression of pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7, was examined by polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine TLR7 expression sites in the esophageal muscle layer, and the relationship between TLR7 mRNA expression and clinical score was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed a notable upregulation of TLR7 mRNA levels within the muscle layer of esophageal achalasia and EGJOO, in contrast to those of control specimens. In contrast, the correlation between TLR7 and clinical score was not significant. Immunohistochemical staining revealed increased numbers of TLR7-expressing macrophages between the muscle layers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TLR7-expressing macrophages are involved in the innate immune response underlying esophageal achalasia and EGJOO. This result will lead to the elucidation of new pathogenetic mechanisms and the development of novel therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of T1 Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Hidenori Tanaka, Ken Yamashita, Yuji Urabe, Toshio Kuwai, Shiro Oka","doi":"10.1159/000540594","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately 10% of patients with submucosal invasive (T1) colorectal cancer (CRC) have lymph node metastasis (LNM). The risk of LNM can be stratified according to various histopathological factors, such as invasion depth, lymphovascular invasion, histological grade, and tumor budding.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>T1 CRC with a low risk of LNM can be cured by local excision via endoscopic resection (ER), whereas surgical resection (SR) with lymph node dissection is required for high-risk T1 CRC. Current guidelines raise concern that many patients receive unnecessary SR, even though most patients achieve a radical cure. Novel diagnostic techniques for LNM, such as nomograms, artificial intelligence systems, and genomic analysis, have been recently developed to identify more low-risk T1 CRC cases. Assessing the curability and the necessity of additional treatment, including SR with lymph node dissection and chemoradiotherapy, according to histopathological findings of the specimens resected using ER, is becoming an acceptable strategy for T1 CRC, particularly for rectal cancer. Therefore, complete resection with negative vertical and horizontal margins is necessary for this strategy. Advanced ER methods for resecting the muscle layer or full thickness, which may guarantee complete resection with negative vertical margins, have been developed.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>Although a necessary SR should not be delayed for T1 CRC given its unfavorable prognosis when SR with lymph node dissection is performed, the optimal treatment method should be chosen based on the risk of LNM and the patient's life expectancy, physical condition, social characteristics, and wishes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Donor-Recipient-Matched Faecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with IBS-D: A Single-Centre, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"Yanli Zhang, Shuai Wang, Huifen Wang, Man Cao, Miao Wang, Bangzhou Zhang, Chuanxing Xiao, Huiting Zhu, Shiyu Du","doi":"10.1159/000540420","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The imbalance in gut microbiota is contributing to the development and progression of IBS. FMT can improve the gut microbiota, and donor-recipient-matched FMT can help develop individualized treatment plans according to different enterotypes. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of donor-recipient-matched FMT in IBS with predominant diarrhoea (IBS-D) and evaluate its effects on gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with IBS-D were randomly divided into donor-recipient-matched FMT group (group P), random-donor FMT group (group R), and placebo group (group B). All participants received corresponding FMT treatment after filling in IBS-S, IBS-QoL, GSRS, and HADS questionnaires and having their stool samples collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment. The improvement in the symptoms and the changes in the bacterial flora were analysed for three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IBS-SSS, IBS-QoL, GSRS, and anxiety scores of group P were significantly lower after treatment (p &lt; 0.05). The IBS-QoL scores of group R were significantly lower after treatment (p &lt; 0.05). Beta diversity analysis showed that the gut microbiota of group P had an obvious trend of classification after treatment. Seven bacterial genera were related to the differences in the IBS-SSS scores before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Donor-recipient-matched FMT significantly improved the clinical symptoms, quality of life, and anxiety scores of the patients with IBS-D than random-donor FMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibodies Targeting the Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Ligand 1A in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A New Kid on the (Biologics) Block?","authors":"Daniel Schweckendiek, Gerhard Rogler","doi":"10.1159/000540421","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment options for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have grown over the last years. However, a significant fraction of patients either do not respond to their treatment or lose response over time.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Future treatment options could include antibodies that target the tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1A (TL1A). TL1A is a key cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune diseases including IBD. Studies have shown that IBD disease severity correlates well with serum levels of TL1A. Phase 2 data from two agents currently in clinical testing have been released. In line with requirements for modern therapeutics, companion diagnostic was part of these trials. This aims to identify those patients that are more likely to respond to the agents tested.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>With regard to the available data the risk/benefit profile of TL1A inhibitors seems to be promising. This article gives a short update and overview, where we are at this point in time with antibodies targeting the TL1A protein in IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}