Jurnal Riset Akuakultur最新文献

{"title":"PENYEDIAAN PAKAN ALAMI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SINTASAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN LARVA IKAN RAINBOW KURUMOI (Melanotaenia parva)","authors":"Tutik Kadarini, Siti Zuhriyyah Musthofa, M. Zamroni","doi":"10.15578/jra.13.3.2018.251-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.13.3.2018.251-257","url":null,"abstract":"Permasalahan utama budidaya ikan rainbow (Melanotaenia parva) adalah sintasan larva yang masih rendah terutama pada saat terjadi peralihan makan dari cadangan kuning telur (endogenous) ke pakan eksternal (eksogenous). Pakan awal larva rainbow berupa pakan alami (plankton). Untuk menyediakan plankton dapat dilakukan melalui pemupukan kotoran ayam. Tujuan penelitian adalah penyediaan pakan alami untuk meningkatkan sintasan dan pertumbuhan larva ikan rainbow kurumoi melalui pemupukan kotoran ayam dengan dosis yang berbeda di akuarium. Akuarium yang digunakan berukuran 50 cm x 50 cm x 40 cm sebanyak 15 buah dengan volume air 40 L. Dosis pupuk kotoran ayam yang diujikan sebagai berikut: (A) kontrol (tanpa pemupukan), (B) 5 g, (C) 10 g, (D) 15 g, dan (E) 20 g per 40 L air, masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Ikan uji yang digunakan berupa larva rainbow kurumoi yang berumur dua hari. Larva ditebar setelah 5-7 hari pemupukan dengan kepadatan sebanyak 100 ekor/wadah. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Parameter yang diamati unsur hara pupuk, jenis dan kelimpahan plankton, sintasan larva, pertumbuhan (panjang dan bobot) larva, dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan kotoran ayam terbaik dengan dosis pupuk 20 g/40 L dengan kelimpahan plankton 58.300 ind./L; sintasan larva 84,33 ± 3,79%; dan pertumbuhan (bobot 0,048 ± 0,012 g; panjang total 1,67 ± 0,15 cm dan panjang standar 1,44 ± 0,13 cm).The main problem of rainbow aquaculture is the survival of larvae which is still low, especially at the time of the initial eating, namely the transition of food endogenous to exogenous. The initial feed of rainbow larvae is natural food (plankton). To provide natural food can be done through fertilization chicken manure. The aim of the study was the provision of natural food to improve the survival and growth of rainbow kurumoi larvae by fertilizing chicken manure with different doses in the aquarium. The container used is 50 cm x 50 cm x 40 cm aquarium with 15 pieces with 40 L water volume. The doses of chicken manure were tested as follows (A) control (without fertilization), (B) 5 g (C) 10 g, (D) 15 g and (E) 20 g per container where each treatment was repeated 3 times. The test fish used were rainbow kurumoi larvae that were around 1-2 days old. Larvae are stocked after fertilizing around 5-7 days with a density of 100 larvae/container. The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD). Parameters observed were fertilizer nutrients, type and abundance of plankton, larvae survival, growth (length and weight) of larvae and water quality. The results showed that fertilizing the best chicken manure with a fertilizer dose of 20 g/40 L with an abundance of plankton 58,300 ind./L, survival 84.33 ± 3.79% and growth (weight 0.048 ± 0.012 g, total length 1.67±0.15 cm and standard length 1.44 ± 0.13 cm).","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130084166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGARUH WARNA WADAH PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN LARVA IKAN RAINBOW KURUMOI (Melanotaenia parva)","authors":"R. Rahmawati, Tutik Kadarini","doi":"10.15578/jra.13.2.2018.137-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.13.2.2018.137-146","url":null,"abstract":"Rainbow kurumoi (Melanotaenia parva) merupakan salah satu ikan endemik Indonesia yang berasal dari Danau Kurumoi, Papua. Ikan ini merupakan salah satu komoditas potensial untuk perdagangan ikan hias. Akan tetapi, pemenuhan permintaan ikan rainbow masih mengandalkan hasil tangkapan alam. Rekayasa lingkungan diperlukan untuk meningkatkan produksi ikan rainbow ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui warna wadah yang sesuai untuk optimalisasi pemeliharaan larva ikan rainbow kurumoi. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: A) warna wadah merah; B) warna wadah biru; dan C) warna wadah hijau. Larva dipelihara dalam wadah volume 4 L dengan kepadatan 20 ekor/L selama 28 hari. Pakan yang diberikan berupa infusoria, Rotifer, Artemia, dan Moina secara bertahap dengan metode ad libitum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larva yang diberikan perlakuan beda warna wadah tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan dan sintasan. Perlakuan A (warna wadah merah) menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan spesifik panjang tertinggi yaitu sebesar 2,2 ± 0,1%/hari; dilanjutkan perlakuan B (2,1 ± 0,7%/hari); dan terakhir perlakun C (1,8 ± 0,7%/hari). Untuk laju pertumbuhan spesifik berat pada perlakuan A sebesar 6,7 ± 1,2%/hari; diikuti perlakuan C (6,4 ± 0,3%/hari) dan perlakuan B (5,5 ± 1,6%/hari). Perkembangan sirip sudah lengkap pada umur 27 hari setelah menetas dengan panjang total tubuh (TL) berkisar antara 8,0-8,6 mm.Rainbow kurumoi (Melanotaenia parva) is one of endemic fish from Kurumoi Lake, Papua, Indonesia. The fish is considered one of the potential commodities in the ornamental fish market. However, to supply the demand for rainbow fish still relies on wild capture. Environmental manipulation is needed to improve the production of rainbow fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tank color on the growth of kurumoi rainbow larvae. The treatments in this study were: A) red; B) blue; and C) green tanks. The larvae were reared in the 4 L volume tanks with a density of 20 ind./L for 28 days. The larvae were fed, in stages, with infusoria, Rotifer, Artemia, and Moina with ad libitum method. The results showed that the red tank (A) had the highest specific growth rate of length (2.2 ± 0.1%/day) followed by blue (B) (2.1 ± 0.7%/day) and green (C) (1.8 ± 0.7%/day) tanks. The red tank (A) had the highest specific weight growth rate (6.9 ± 1.2%/day) followed by the green (C) (6.4 ± 0.3%/day) and the lowest was blue (B) (5.5± 1.6%/day) tanks. The larvae maintained in the red tanks showed brighter color than that of the other two tanks. The fins development has completed on 27 days after hatching (8.0-8.6 mm TL) [ FOR WHICH TANK]. This research indicates that the tank colors do not have any influence on the growth and survival (P>0.05) of rainbow kurumoi larvae. ","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114971906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KARAKTER GENOTIPE TIGA POPULASI IKAN RAINBOW AJAMARU (Melanotaenia ajamaruensis) DARI ALAM DAN BUDIDAYA MENGGUNAKAN RAPD","authors":"Erma Primanita Hayuningtyas, Shofihar Sinansari, Melta Rini Fahmi, Eni Kusrini, Bastiar Nur","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.105-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.105-113","url":null,"abstract":"Ikan rainbow Ajamaru (Melanotaenia ajamarunensis) yang dinyatakan punah pada tahun 1996 merupakan ikan endemik dari Danau Ajamaru, Papua. Namun ikan ini berhasil ditemukan kembali pada tahun 2007 di Sungai Kaliwensi, Sorong, Papua. Domestikasi ex-situ ikan rainbow Ajamaru sedang dilakukan di Balai Riset Budidaya ikan Hias, Depok-Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi perbedaan genotipe ikan rainbow Ajamaru di alam dan budidaya melalui analisis keragaman genetik untuk melihat adanya perubahan genetik, migrasi maupun mutasi gen. Metode yang digunakan adalah Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) dengan 3 jenis primer (OPA 03, OPB 6, dan OPZ 5). Setiap populasi baik, dari alam (Papua) maupun budidaya (Depok dan Papua) masing-masing diambil secara acak sebanyak 10 sampel ikan uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai keragaman genetik pada ikan di alam lebih rendah (62,5%) dibanding ikan budidaya di Papua (70,31%) dan tertinggi pada ikan budidaya di Depok (73,43%). Heterozigositas pada ikan di alam lebih rendah (0,172) dibanding ikan budidaya di Papua (0,241) dan di Depok (0,270). Jarak genetik terjauh ditunjukkan antara populasi ikan alam dan populasi ikan budidaya Papua, sedangkan jarak genetik terdekat antara populasi ikan budidaya di Papua dengan di Depok. Karakter genotipe yang dihasilkan pada tiga populasi ikan rainbow Ajamaru adalah memiliki corak DNA yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Perbedaan yang dihasilkan dari karakter genotipe karena respon genotip dari tiap individu dan daya adaptasi ikan berbeda-beda pada habitat yang berbeda.Ajamaru rainbow, an endemic fish from Lake Ajamaru, Papua, once declared extinct in 1996. However, it was rediscovered in 2007, in Kaliwensi River, Sorong, Papua. Currently, the Ajamaru rainbow fish is being domesticated ex-situ at the Research Center for Ornamental Fish Culture, Depok, West Java. The aim of the research was to determine the genotype characteristics of wild and cultured Ajamaru rainbow including genetic change, drift, migration, and mutation using genetic variance analysis. The genetic analysis applied was Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using OPA-03, OPB-6, and OPZ-5 primers. Ten samples were used for each population. The results showed that the three populations of Ajamaru rainbow fish have significantly different (P<0.05) of DNA polymorphism. The lowest value of genetic variance was found in the wild fish (62.5%) followed by the cultured fish located in Papua (70.31%), and the highest was observed in the cultured fish located in Depok (73.43%). Heterozygosity of the wild fish was lower (0.172) than that of the cultured fish in Papua (0.241) and in Depok (0.270). The high genetic distance was found between the wild and cultured fish from Papua. The closest relationship was between the fish culture in Papua and Depok. The genotype character produced in the three Ajamaru rainbow fish populations was have significantly different (P<0.05) of DNA polymorphism. The differences that re","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115996862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGARUH PEMBERIAN HORMON PERTUMBUHAN REKOMBINAN DENGAN METODE YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN BOTIA (Chromobotia macracanthus)","authors":"A. Permana, A. Alimuddin, W. Hadie, A. Priyadi, R. Ginanjar","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.123-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.123-130","url":null,"abstract":"Pertumbuhan ikan botia tergolong lambat, memerlukan waktu sekitar enam bulan untuk mencapai ukuran komersial (panjang total 4-5 cm). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respons pertumbuhan benih ikan botia yang diberi hormon pertumbuhan ikan kerapu (rElGH) melalui tiga metode yaitu: perendaman, oral, dan kombinasi perendaman dan oral. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Dosis rElGH melalui perendaman yaitu 1,2 mg/L diberikan pada larva umur tujuh hari, sedangkan dosis secara oral yaitu 30 mg/kg pakan dan diberikan pada benih umur tiga bulan. Ikan dipelihara dalam akuarium sistem resirkulasi (80 cm x 40 cm x 25 cm) dengan kepadatan 5 ekor/L selama pemeliharaan tiga bulan pertama dan 1 ekor/L selama pemeliharaan periode tiga bulan kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi perendaman dan oral memberikan pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi sebesar 12,04% dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan ini juga meningkatkan level ekspresi insulin-like growth factor-1/ IGF-1 sebesar 29,37% dibandingkan kontrol.The growth of Clown Loach is slow. It takes about six months to reach the market size (4-5 cm total body length). This study aimed to evaluate the growth response of Clown Loach treated with recombinant giant grouper growth hormone (rElGH) delivered by three different methods: immersion, oral, and the combination of immersion and oral. A completely randomized design was used as the experimental design and each treatment was replicated three times. The immersion method used rElGH dose of 1.2 mg/L on seven-day-old larvae, while oral treatment used 30 mg rElGH/kg feed on the three-month-old juvenile. The fish were reared in a closed recirculation tank (80 cm x 40 cm x 25 cm) at a density of 5 fish/L for the first three months, and 1 fish/L for the second three months of rearing period. The result showed that the combination of immersion and oral treatments produced a higher growth rate of 12.04% compared to control treatment. Those treatments also increased insulin-like growth factor-1/IGF-1 expression level about 29.37% compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133835196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DAYA DUKUNG EKOLOGI UNTUK BUDIDAYA IKAN KAKAP DALAM KERAMBA JARING APUNG, STUDI KASUS DI PERAIRAN BIAK-NUMFOR","authors":"Ari Andayani, W. Hadie, Ketut Sugama","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.179-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.179-189","url":null,"abstract":"Kabupaten Biak-Numfor merupakan salah satu lokasi yang ditetapkan sebagai Sentra Kelautan dan Perikanan Terpadu (SKPT), yang memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan budidaya laut, sehingga perlu dilakukan kajian kesesuaian lokasi dan daya dukung lingkungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesesuaian perairan dan estimasi daya dukung lingkungan (ekologi) untuk pengembangan budidaya ikan kakap (Lates calcarifer). Kajian ini dilakukan di dua lokasi yaitu Pulau Nusi dan Teluk Urfu. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui survai lapangan dan pengumpulan data sekunder melalui Dinas terkait. Data survai lapangan yang dikumpulkan meliputi: arus, kedalaman, pH, suhu, salinitas, dissoloved oxygen (DO), amonia, nitrit, nitrat, fosfat, total suspended solid (TSS), dan kecerahan. Data sekunder yang dikumpulkan antara lain: Peta RBI dan data spasial dari Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil RZWP3K Kabupaten Biak-Numfor 2015. Analisis kesesuaian perairan dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak Quantum GIS (QGIS). Analisis spasial berbasis raster. Hasil analisis kesesuaian perairan untuk budidaya ikan kakap dalam keramba jaring apung (KJA), di sekitar Pulau Nusi memiliki potensi yang sesuai seluas 324,11 ha dari total area seluas 2.643 ha, sedangkan di Teluk Urfu area yang sesuai seluas 0,247 ha dari total area 33 ha. Hasil perhitungan daya dukung ekologi, Teluk Urfu tidak direkomendasikan adanya kegiatan budidaya ikan, kenyataannya saat ini telah terpasang 12 lubang KJA. Sedangkan di Pulau Nusi potensi pengembangan budidaya laut khususnya ikan kakap cukup luas. Daya dukung ekologinya adalah 158 lubang KJA (3 m x 3 m x 3 m) dengan terget panen per lubang adalah 175 kg.Biak-Numfor Regency has been designated as one of the locations of Integrated Marine and Fisheries Center (SKPT). The region has the potential to be developed as mariculture area. Thus, it is necessary to determine the site suitability and calculate the environmental carrying capacity of the area for mariculture development. This study aimed to assess the site suitability and estimate the environmental carrying capacity (ecology) of the region waters for Asian seabass/barramundi (Lates calcarifer) mariculture. The study was carried out in two locations: Nusi Island and Urfu Bay. Primary data were collected from a field survey and secondary data was gathered from the local fisheries extension office in Biak","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132693650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENINGKATAN KUALITAS NUTRIEN ONGGOK YANG DIFERMENTASIMENGGUNAKAN Bacillus megaterium SS4b SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PAKAN IKAN","authors":"Mulyasari Fuad, Subaryono Subaryono, Reza Samsudin, Y. R. Widyastuti","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.147-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.147-157","url":null,"abstract":"Onggok adalah hasil produk samping pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi tapioka yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi yaitu kecernaan onggok masih relatif rendah sehingga perlu ditingkatkan melalui teknik fermentasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kemampuan bakteri B. megaterium SS4b dalam menyederhanakan nutrien kompleks dari onggok, serta menentukan dosis bakteri yang sesuai untuk proses tersebut. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua tahap yaitu: 1) penentuan aktivitas enzim selulase, amilase, dan protease bakteri B. megaterium SS4b secara semi-kualitatif; 2) penentuan dosis inokulum yang efektif untuk proses fermentasi onggok (0%, 3%, 6%, dan 9%). Parameter yang diukur meliputi glukosa terlarut/gula pereduksi, protein terlarut, protein kasar, serat kasar, dan kecernaan protein secara in vitro. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan beda dosis bakteri untuk fermentasi onggok dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa B. megaterium SS4b memiliki aktivitas selulase, amilase, dan protease, serta mampu menghidrolisis onggok. Dosis penambahan isolat bakteri sebanyak 9% pada kepadatan 1011 sel/mL dan inkubasi selama 72 jam merupakan dosis terbaik dalam meningkatkan kualitas nutrien onggok. Proses fermentasi ini dapat meningkatkan kandungan protein terlarut, kecernaan protein, ketersediaan gula pereduksi, dan penurunan serat onggok berturut-turut adalah sebesar 2,9 kali, tiga kali, satu kali, dan enam kali dibandingkan dengan kontrol.Cassava starch residue is a by-product in tapioca production that has the potential to be used as one of the ingredients in fish feed. The problem was that the digestibility of cassava starch residue was relatively low but could be improved through fermentation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of B. megaterium SS4b bacteria in simplifying the nutrient complex of cassava starch residue and determine the appropriate bacterial dose for the process. The study consisted of two stages: 1) determining, semi-qualitatively, the activity of cellulase, amylase, and protease enzyme of B. megaterium SS4; 2) determining the effective inoculum dose for the fermentation process of cassava starch residue (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%). Parameters measured included dissolved glucose/reducing sugar, dissolved protein, crude protein, crude fibre, and protein digestibility in vitro. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four different treatments of bacterial dose for fermentation of cassava starch residue and three replicates. The results showed that B. megaterium SS4b has cellulase, amylase, and protease activities and was able to hydrolyze cassava starch residue. The dosage level of the bacterial isolate at 9% with a density of 1011 cells mL-1 and incubation for 72 hours was the best treatment in improving the nutrient quality of cassava starch residue. This fermentation process could increase s","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130330636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VAKSIN KERING BEKU SEL UTUH BAKTERI Aeromonas hydrophila UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT MOTILE AEROMONADS SEPTICEMIA PADA IKAN LELE, NILA, DAN GURAMI","authors":"Desy Sugiani, Taukhid Taukhid, Uni Purwaningsih, A. M. Lusiastuti","doi":"10.15578/jra.13.2.2018.159-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.13.2.2018.159-167","url":null,"abstract":"Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif untuk pencegahan penyakit infeksius pada budidaya ikan. Produk vaksin yang tersedia saat ini masih berbasis produk cair (water based vaccines), yang memiliki kekurangan dalam stabilitas produk yang tidak tahan lama jika disimpan dalam suhu ruang dan keterbatasan dalam tranportasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode preparasi sediaan produk vaksin sel utuh Aeromonas hydrophila dalam bentuk kering beku (freeze dried) untuk pengendalian penyakit pada ikan lele (Clarias sp.), nila (Oreochromis niloticus), dan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy). Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat produk vaksin kering beku pada suhu -100°C, uji mutu, uji keamanan, dan uji efikasi. Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan produk vaksin kering beku yang aman diaplikasikan pada ikan lele, nila, dan gurami, serta dapat menginduksi peningkatan level titer antibodi. Sediaan vaksin sel utuh A. hydrophila dengan metode kering beku dapat mereduksi berat produk vaksin cair 100 g menjadi serbuk sebesar 4,2 g. Efikasi vaksin menghasilkan tingkat sintasan relatif (RPS/relative percent survival) pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) 45,83%; ikan lele (Clarias sp.) 70%; dan ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) 31,67%. Vaksin kering beku sel utuh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila paling efektif diberikan pada ikan lele untuk mencegah penyakit Motile Aeromonads Septicemia.Vaccination is one of the most effective methods to prevent disease outbreaks and distribution in aquaculture. Commercial fish vaccine products are mainly available in liquid-based products (water-based vaccines), which have several limitations such as stability issues of the products (durability) when stored at room temperature, bulky packaging, and transportation complexity during distribution. This study aimed to develop a method of vaccine preparation using the freeze-dried method as part of the management control of Aeromonads septicemia disease in freshwater aquaculture. The study consisted of several stages: the first stage was the production of freeze-dried Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine product at -100°C. The second stage was vaccine quality test followed by the third stage which was vaccine efficacy test. This research produced frozen dried vaccine products that were considered safe to be applied to catfish, tilapia, and gourami, and could increase the antibody titer. The formation of the whole cell vaccine of A. hydrophila using the freeze-dried method could reduce the weight of the liquid form of the vaccine product from 100 g to a powder weighing only 4.2 g. The results of the vaccine efficacy test showed the relative percent survivals (RPSs) of Clarias sp., Oreochromis niloticus and Osphronemus gouramy were 70%, 45.83%, and 31.67%, respectively. Freeze dried vaccine of whole cells Aeromonas hydrophila are most effective in catfish to prevent Motile Aeromanads Septicemia.","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131176455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI DAN TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN PEMIJAHAN IKAN BAUNG Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes, 1840) POPULASI CIRATA DENGAN INKUBASI SUHU BERBEDA","authors":"D. Radona, Jojo Subagja, V. A. Prakoso, I. I. Kusmini, Anang Hari Kristanto","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.131-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.131-136","url":null,"abstract":"Ikan baung merupakan salah satu komoditas populer di Indonesia. Dalam pengembangan budidayanya masih diperlukan input teknologi terutama pada proses pembenihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakter biologi reproduksi dan keberhasilannya dalam proses pemijahan pada ikan baung populasi Cirata yang diinkubasi pada suhu 23°C-24°C, 25°C-26°C, 27°C-28°C, dan 29°C-30°C. Inkubasi induk dilakukan pada styrofoam berukuran 45 cm x 35 cm x 25 cm dengan ketebalan 3 cm. Setiap styrofoam diisi satu ekor induk yang matang gonad. Seleksi tingkat kematangan gonad dilakukan secara kanulasi dan induksi hormon menggunakan LHRH analog (0,6 mL/kg). Penyuntikan dilakukan dua kali dengan selang waktu enam jam. Styrofoam diisi air dengan ketinggian 20 cm, dilengkapi tutup pada bagian atas, water heater, dan sistem aerasi. Inkubasi suhu dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan suhu dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suhu optimal inkubasi pada induk yaitu 27°C-28°C dengan waktu laten 8 jam 35 menit, dan derajat ovulasi 100%. Secara statistik inkubasi induk pada suhu 27°C-28°C menunjukkan nilai karakter biologi reproduksi yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan inkubasi suhu 23°C-24°C dan 25°C-26°C. Nilai biologi reproduksi yang dihasilkan pada perlakuan terbaik tersebut adalah indeks kematangan gonad 8,6 ± 0,5%; fekunditas 23.909 ± 1.473 butir per ekor; derajat pembuahan 85,5 ± 5,5%; derajat penetasan 69,9 ± 5,0%; dan sintasan 72,3 ± 5,8%. Pada inkubasi suhu 27C°-28°C, telur terdistribusi dengan diameter telur rata-rata sebesar 1,5 mm.Asian redtail catfish is one of the most popular fish commodities in Indonesia. However, improvements in its aquaculture technology are still needed, especially in the breeding process. This study was aimed to evaluate the characters of reproductive biology and level of spawning on Asian redtail catfish from Cirata population incubated at different temperature settings of 23°C-24°C, 25°C-26°C, 27°C-28°C, and 29°C-30°C. Broodstock incubation was conducted in styrofoam boxes (sized 45 cm x 35 cm x 25 cm) with a wall thickness of 3 cm. One mature broodstock was placed inside each Styrofoam. Each styrofoam box was previously filled with freshwater of 20 cm deep, equipped with a lid on top, a water heater, and an aeration system. The gonad maturity stage of each broodstock was determined using cannulation, whilst the hormone induction used LHRH hormone analog (0.6 mL/kg). The injection was performed twice within six hours interval. The incubation was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four temperature treatments with three replicates. The results showed that the optimal incubation temperature for the broodstock was 27°C-28°C with the latent time ovulation of 8 hours 35 minutes and an ovulation rate of 100%. Statistically, the incubation of broodstock at 27°C-28°C showed a significant difference on the reproduc","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129360934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERFORMA PEMIJAHAN IKAN BELIDA (Notopterus chitala) MELALUI INDUKSI HORMON HCG DAN LHRH","authors":"L. Setijaningsih, Jojo Subagja, Deni Radona, B. Pantjara, Anang Hari Kristanto, Y. R. Widyastuti","doi":"10.15578/jra.13.2.2018.115-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.13.2.2018.115-122","url":null,"abstract":"Permintaan ikan belida cukup tinggi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi dan bahan baku olahan makanan yang masih mengandalkan tangkapan dari alam. Tingginya eksploitasi mengakibatkan populasi ikan dari tahun ke tahun semakin berkurang dan terancam punah. Teknologi pembenihan ikan belida dengan penggunaan hormon diduga dapat meningkatkan produksi larva untuk keperluan budidaya. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi performasi pemijahan ikan belida secara alami dan buatan melalui induksi hormon HCG dan LHRH analog. Pemijahan alami dan buatan dilakukan menggunakan induk betina sebanyak enam ekor dan jantan tiga ekor (rasio 2:1). Induk yang digunakan berukuran panjang 46 ± 5 cm dan bobot 2.209 ± 623 g. Pemijahan buatan dilakukan dengan induksi hormon HCG dosis 500 IU/kg dan LHRH analog dosis 0,5 mL/kg. Penyuntikan HCG dan LHRH diberikan dengan interval 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pemijahan buatan (induksi hormon) diperoleh induk yang memijah sebanyak dua ekor dengan nilai diameter telur (3,1 ± 0,3 mm); fekunditas (282-907 butir); derajat pembuahan (21%-40%); derajat penetasan (56%-75%); dan sintasan (30%-50%); sedangkan pada pemijahan alami diperoleh satu ekor induk yang memijah dengan nilai diameter telur (3,5 ± 0,3 mm); fekunditas (1.616 butir); dan derajat pembuahan (86,7%); selama tiga bulan pengamatan secara intensif dengan frekuensi pemijahan enam kali. Aplikasi teknologi pemijahan dengan menggunakan induksi hormon dapat menghasilkan produk larva pada ikan belida.The demand for fish consumption of Clown Knifefish is considerably high. However, the fish supply for consumption and processed food still relies on wild-caught. Such exploitation has decreased the population of Clown Knifefish to a point that it can become an endangered species. Efforts on the breeding technology of Clown Knifefish through natural and artificial propagation using of hormones have shown promising results. The current study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Clown Knifefish in natural and artificial spawning conditions using the induction of HCG hormone and LHRH analogues. The natural and artificial spawning treatments were conducted using six fish females and three fish males (a ratio of 2:1). The average Broodstocks’ size was 46 ± 5 cm in length and 2,209 ± 623 g in weight. The artificial spawning was conducted with HCG hormone induction (dose of 500 IU/kg body weight) and LHRH analogue (dose: 0.5 mL/kg). HCG and LHRH injections were given within 24 hours interval. The results showed that the artificial spawning (hormone induction) had successfully caused two broodstock to spawn producing eggs with the diameter of 3.1 ± 0.3 mm; fecundity of 282-907 eggs; fertilization rate of 21%-40%; hatching rate of 56%-75%; and survival rate of 30%-50%. In the natural spawning, one broodstock had spawned with the egg diameter of 3.5 ± 0.3 mm; fecundity of 1,616 eggs; and fertilization rate of 86.7%. This study concludes that spawning technology applications ","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128357660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KARAKTERISTIK FENOTIPE DAN GENOTIPE LIMA STRAIN IKAN MAS DI JAWA BARAT DAN BANTEN","authors":"Didik Ariyanto, O. Carman, D. Soelistyowati, M. Zairin, M. Syukur","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.93-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.2.2018.93-103","url":null,"abstract":"Langkah awal program pemuliaan adalah koleksi dan pengenalan karakter materi pemuliaan tersebut. Hasil karakterisasi digunakan sebagai dasar pertimbangan metode pelaksanaan program pemuliaan yang akan dilakukan. Koleksi material genetik untuk program pemuliaan ikan mas menghasilkan lima strain yang dominan dibudidaya di wilayah Jawa Barat dan Banten, yakni strain Rajadanu, Sutisna, Majalaya, Wildan, dan Sinyonya. Pengenalan karakter material genetik ikan mas hasil koleksi dilakukan melalui dua pendekatan, yaitu fenotipe menggunakan metode truss morfometrik dan genotipe menggunakan metode mikrosatelit DNA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variasi keragaan fenotipe kelima strain ikan mas relatif sesuai dengan variasi keragaan genotipenya. Selain mengelompokkan antar strain, hasil analisis genotipe juga menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keragaman genetik kelima strain ikan mas yang diindikasikan dengan nilai heterozigositas (Ho) relatif rendah, yaitu berkisar antara 0,08-0,20 dengan jarak genetik antar strain berada dalam kisaran 0,420-0,582.The first step in a fish breeding program is the collection and characterization of the breeding subject. The results of characterization are used as a baseline to select suitable potential methods used in the breeding program. The samples of genetic materials of five strains of common carp (Rajadanu, Sutisna, Majalaya, Wildan, and Sinyonya) were obtained from West Java and Banten Province. The characterization of collected genetic materials of the common carp species followed the phenotype and genotype approaches. Phenotypic characterization used truss morphometric method while genotype characterization applied DNA microsatellite method. The results showed that the phenotypic variation of the common carp had a close fit with its genotypic variation. In addition, the genotype analysis also showed that the genetic diversity level of the strains was relatively low indicated by the narrow ranges of heterozygosity values (Ho) (0.08-0.20) and genetic distance among strains (0.420-0.582).","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114869279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}