Jurnal Riset Akuakultur最新文献

{"title":"PERFORMA REPRODUKSI DAN PERTUMBUHAN UDANG GALAH BETINA Macrobrachium rosenbergii SETELAH PEMBERIAN HORMON MEDROXY PROGESTERON ACETAT MELALUI PAKAN","authors":"Fajar Anggraeni, Desak Made Malini, Imron Imron","doi":"10.15578/jra.16.2.2021.83-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.16.2.2021.83-91","url":null,"abstract":"Salah satu permasalahan pada budidaya udang galah adalah keberadaan udang galah betina bertelur pada saat pembesaran. Penghambatan pema tangan gonad menggunakan hormon medroxyprogesterone acetat (MPA) yang diberikan secara injeksi pada udang galah dapat menekan indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), perkembangan gonad, dan meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan. Namun, pemberian MPA secara injeksi dapat meningkatkan stres dan kematian pada udang galah, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian hormon medroxy progesteron acetat melalui pakan terhadap performa reproduksi dan pertumbuhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental, desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima kali pengulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah kontrol (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 0 mg/kg pakan), P-1 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 50 mg/kg pakan), P-2 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan), dan P-3 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 150 mg/kg pakan) yang diberikan pada udang galah betina selama 60 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah kematangan gonad, egg clutch somatic index (ESI), fekunditas, kadar estradiol, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dan sintasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian hormon MPA dengan konsentrasi 50, 100 dan 150 mg/kg pakan secara signifikan menghambat reproduksi dan pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan pada udang galah betina umur lima bulan. ESI, fekunditas dan tingkat sintasan tidak terpengaruh oleh perlakuan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian hormon medroxy progesteron acetat melalui pakan pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan secara signifikan dapat menghambat pematangan gonad dan peningkatan pertumbuhan udang galah betina.One of the problems in giant freshwater prawn farming is female prawns laying eggs during grow-out, leading to reduced somatic growth of the prawns. Inhibition of gonad maturation using medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) hormone via injection in giant freshwater prawns can suppress the gonad maturity index (GSI), gonad development, and increase the growth rate. However, the administration of MPA by injection could increase stress and mortality in giant freshwater prawns. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of MPA through dietary administration on the reproductive performance and growth of female giant freshwater prawns. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. Treatments of MPA at concentrations of 0 mg/kg feed (as control), 50 mg/kg feed (P-1), 100 mg/kg feed (P-2), and 150 mg/kg feed (P-3) were supplemented in a commercial artificial feed and fed to the freshwater prawns for 60 days. Parameters of gonad maturation, egg clutch somatic index (ESI), fecundity, oestradiol concentration, specific growth rate, and survival rate were measured during the research period. The result showed that MPA administration at concentrations of 50, 100","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116152436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEMBENTUKAN POPULASI SINTETIS UNTUK PENINGKATAN KUALITAS GENETIK IKAN MAS","authors":"Didik Ariyanto, O. Carman, D. Soelistyowati, M. Z. Junior, M. Syukur, Yogi Himawan, F. S. Palimirmo","doi":"10.15578/jra.16.2.2021.93-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.16.2.2021.93-98","url":null,"abstract":"Benih ikan mas telah mengalami penurunan kualitas genetik yang menyebabkan penurunan performa fenotipik di lingkungan budidaya. Salah satu upaya perbaikan genetik adalah melalui pembentukan populasi sintetis yang merupakan penggabungan potensi genetik beberapa populasi plasma nutfah ikan mas. Penelitian ini bertujuan membentuk dan mengevaluasi performa genotipik dan fenotipik populasi sintetis ikan mas, yang merupakan penggabungan dari strain Rajadanu, Majalaya, Sutisna, Wildan, dan Sinyonya. Performa genotipik dievaluasi menggunakan metode mikrosatelit DNA, sedangkan performa fenotipik dievaluasi menggunakan analisis biometrik terkait kegiatan budidaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai keragaman genetik populasi sintetis lebih tinggi 55,0%-287,5% dengan tingkat inbreeding 40,0%-77,14% lebih rendah dibanding populasi-populasi pembentuknya. Hal ini berdampak terhadap performa fenotipik populasi sintetis yang lebih baik, diindikasikan dengan peningkatan panjang, bobot akhir, dan tingkat produktivitas, masing-masing sebesar 2,5%-20,6%; 9,4%-61,8%; dan 18,2%-66,0% lebih baik dibanding populasi-populasi pembentuknya. Peningkatan kualitas genetik dan performa fenotipik populasi sintetis ini memberikan peluang untuk memperbaiki kualitas benih ikan mas pada kegiatan budidaya.Common carp in Indonesia has experienced a decline in genetic quality. The progressive decline leads to a significant decrease in carp performance in the farming environment. One of the efforts to genetically improve carp growth performance is through developing synthetic carp populations, which is a blend of the genetic potentials from several germplasm populations. This study aimed to form and evaluate the performance of genotypic and phenotypic of synthetic populations of common carp, blended from five strains of common carp, i.e., Rajadanu, Majalaya, Sutisna, Wildan, and Sinyonya. The genotypic performance was evaluated using the DNA microsatellite method. The phenotypic performance was assessed using biometric analysis, especially in terms of culture performance. The results showed that the genotypic performance of the synthetic populations of common carp was better than that of the founder strains. This performance was indicated by higher genetic diversity values, about 55.0%-287.5% and lower levels of inbreeding, about 40.0%-77.1%, compared with their founder populations. Phenotypic performance of the synthetic populations is also better than their founder populations, indicated by higher body length, weight, and productivity, about 2.5%-20.6%, 9.4%-61.8%, and 18.2%-66.0%, respectively. The improvement on genetic quality and phenotypic performance of the synthetic population provide opportunities to improve the quality of common carp fry in aquaculture activity.","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127816107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"bakteri pada ikan gabus Channa striata, semah Tor spp., dan baung Hemibagrus sp.: identifikasi, virulensi, dan kerentanan terhadap beberapa antibiotik","authors":"Desy Sugiani, Uni urwaningsih, Septyan Andriyanto, A. M. Lusiastuti","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.347-356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.347-356","url":null,"abstract":"Identifikasi mikroflora ikan air tawar adalah alat penting untuk evaluasi kualitas dan keamanan ikan untuk dipelihara dalam sistem budidaya intensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi bakteri ikan air tawar terutama dari ikan gabus, semah, dan baung hasil tangkapan dan budidaya pada kolam. Bakteri yang terisolasi dari jaringan ginjal, hati, luka, dan otak ikan gabus (Channa striata), semah (Tor spp.), dan baung (Hemibagrus sp.) diidentifikasi dengan uji fisik dan biokimia, dan dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan API 20 E dan API 20 Strep. Uji virulensi untuk melihat kemampuan patogenisitas dari masing-masing isolat bakteri dilakukan dengan injeksi intra muskular suspensi bakteri 106 CFU mL-1 per ekor ikan. Ikan gabus dapat terinfeksi bakteri Pasteurella pneumotropica dan Aeromonas hydrophila, ikan semah rentan terhadap Enterococcus faecium, Pantoea spp., dan A. hydrophila, sedangkan ikan baung rentan terhadap infeksi Citrobacter freundii dan A. hydrophila. Bakteri Enterococcus faecium, Pantoea sp., dan A. hydrophila memiliki tingkat virulensi yang rendah antara 3,3%-23,4%; sedangkan C. freundii dan P. pneumotropica tidak virulen pada ikan gabus, semah, dan baung. Batas dosis atas untuk antibiotik berdasarkan petunjuk penggunaan obat untuk enrofloksasin adalah 10 mg/L; eritromisin 3,75 mg/L; dan oksitetrasiklin 250 mg/L. Hasil uji kerentanan dengan metode difusi zona hambat menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi resistensi pada bakteri Pantoea spp., E. faecium, dan A. hydrophila terhadap antibiotik enrofloksasin dan eritromisin, dan resistensi pada bakteri E. faecium terhadap oksitetrasiklin.Identification of microflora in freshwater fish is an important tool to evaluate the health quality of fish cultured in intensive aquaculture systems. This study aimed to investigate bacteria in freshwater fish, determine their virulence and test their susceptibility to antibiotics. The freshwater fish species of interest in this study were Channa striata spp., and Hemibagrus sp. originated from wild catch and fish farming ponds. Isolated bacteria from kidney, liver, skin wound, and brain tissue were identified using physical and biochemical tests followed by API 20 E and API 20 Strep KIT tests. Pathogenicity test of each bacterial isolate was carried out by intramuscular injection of 106 CFU mL-1 of bacterial suspension per fish. Snakehead fish (Channa striata) was susceptible to Pasteurella pneumotropica and Aeromonas hydrophila infections, Cyprinidae (Tor spp.) was susceptible to Enterococcus faecium, Pantoea spp., and A. hydrophila, while Catfish (Hemibagrus sp.) was susceptible to Citrobacter freundii and A. hydrophila infections. Bacteria E. faecium, Pantoea sp. and A. hydrophila have a low virulence level of 3.3%-23.4%, whereas C. freundii and P. pneumotropica were both non-virulent to snakehead, cyprinidae, and catfish. The highest recommended dosages for enrofloxacin, erythromycin, and oxytetracycline were 10 mg/L, 3.75 mg/L, and 250 mg/L, respectively. T","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124927839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERFORMA PERTUMBUHAN DAN RESPONS IMUN IKAN LELE (Clarias sp.) DENGAN PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK, PREBIOTIK, DAN SINBIOTIK","authors":"Iis Sumartini, Widanarni Widanarni, M. Yuhana, A. Santika","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.329-336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.329-336","url":null,"abstract":"Penerapan sistem budidaya intensif seringkali dihadapkan pada penurunan performa pertumbuhan dan kejadian infeksi penyakit. Upaya untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan ikan agar dapat tumbuh dengan baik dan tahan terhadap serangan penyakit sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian probiotik Bacillus sp. ND2 dan prebiotik madu terhadap performa pertumbuhan dan respons imun ikan lele (Clarias sp.). Ikan lele dengan bobot awal 20,94 ± 1,13 g dipelihara pada akuarium volume 60 L dengan kepadatan 15 ekor per akuarium. Ikan diberi empat jenis pakan yaitu pakan kontrol (+) dan (-) (tidak ada penambahan Bacillus sp. ND2 dan madu), probiotik Bacillus sp. ND2 1%; prebiotik madu 0,5%; dan sinbiotik (Bacillus sp. ND2 1% + madu 0,5%). Setelah 45 hari masa pemeliharaan, 10 ekor ikan dari masing-masing akuarium diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila 107 cfu mL-1 kecuali kontrol (-). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang diberi sinbiotik memiliki nilai laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH) paling tinggi (3,00 ± 0,04%) dan nilai feed convertion ratio (FCR) paling rendah (1,00 ± 0,01) (P<0,05). Aktivitas lisozim (52,59 ± 2,57 UI mL-1 menit-1) dan respiratory burst (0,61 ± 0,05) menunjukkan nilai yang paling tinggi pada perlakuan sinbiotik (P<0,05). Ekspresi gen IL-1b meningkat pada perlakuan prebiotik (1,25 ± 0,10) pada hari ke-45. Semua perlakuan menunjukkan peningkatan ekspresi pada hari ke-52 dengan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan sinbiotik (5,50 ± 2,77). Perlakuan sinbiotik memiliki sintasan yang paling tinggi (86,67 ± 5,77%) setelah diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila. Aplikasi sinbiotik (Bacillus sp. ND2 1% dan madu 0,5%), mampu meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan, respons imun, serta resistensi ikan lele terhadap A. hydrophila. Intensive aquaculture system is continually challenged with some problems such as a decrease in growth performance and disease infection incidences. A substantial effort is needed to improve fish health status to improve the growth performance and disease resistance of cultured fish. To overcome the problems, a feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Bacillus sp. ND2 and honey on the growth performance, immune responses, and disease resistance of Clarias sp. Fish with an initial body weight of 20.94 ± 1.13 g were fed with four practical diets: control diet (+) and (-) (no addition of Bacillus sp. ND2 and honey), probiotic Bacillus sp. ND2 1%, prebiotic honey 0.5%, and synbiotic diets (Bacillus sp. ND2 1% + honey 0.5%). After 45 days of feeding experimental period, ten fish per aquarium were challenged with A. hydrophila except for control (-). The results showed that fish fed with synbiotic produced the highest specific growth rate (SGR) (3.00 ± 0.04%) and had the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.00 ± 0.01) which were significantly different from the control (P<0.05). The immune assay showed that fish fed with synbiotic produced the highest lysozyme activity (52.59 ± 2.57 UI","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125103253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGARUH GENOTIPE, LINGKUNGAN, DAN INTERAKSI KEDUANYA TERHADAP STABILITAS PENAMPILAN FENOTIPIK IKAN MAS","authors":"Didik Ariyanto, S. Suharyanto, F. S. Palimirmo, Yogi Himawan","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.289-296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.289-296","url":null,"abstract":"Ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) merupakan komoditas budidaya yang mudah beradaptasi dengan berbagai kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh genotipe, lingkungan, dan interaksi antara genotipe dengan lingkungan terhadap stabilitas penampilan fenotipik ikan mas dalam kegiatan budidaya. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan rancangan faktorial 3 x 5 dengan lima ulangan. Lima strain ikan mas, yaitu Rajadanu, Sutisna, Majalaya, Wildan, dan Sinyonya dipelihara secara komunal di dalam tiga model wadah budidaya, yaitu kolam beton, kolam jaring, dan kolam tanah, selama 90 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penampilan fenotipik ikan mas dipengaruhi oleh genotipe, lingkungan dan interaksi kedua faktor tersebut. Strain Sutisna dan Wildan mempunyai nilai sintasan yang paling baik di semua lingkungan dibanding tiga strain lainnya. Strain Sutisna mempunyai pertumbuhan terbaik di kolam tanah sedangkan strain Wildan di kolam jaring. Hal ini menyebabkan kedua strain tersebut menghasilkan biomassa panen terbaik pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Hasil analisis stabilitas menunjukkan bahwa kelima strain ikan mas dalam penelitian ini relatif tidak stabil dan mempunyai respons yang berbeda jika dipelihara pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Strain Wildan dan Rajadanu merupakan strain ikan mas yang mempunyai respons terhadap perbedaan lingkungan paling tinggi. Strain dengan karakteristik tersebut akan mempunyai performa terbaik pada lokasi dan kondisi pemeliharan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya, tetapi mempunyai penampilan fenotipik yang rendah jika kondisi lingkungan budidayanya tidak sesuai. Strain Sutisna, Sinyonya, dan Majalaya merupakan strain ikan mas dengan daya responsi terhadap lingkungan lebih rendah. Karakteristik ini menyebabkan penampilan fenotipik ketiga strain tersebut relatif stabil pada semua lokasi dan kondisi budidaya, meskipun tidak bisa mencapai hasil yang maksimal.Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is known as fish species highly adaptable to various environmental conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of genotype, environment, and their interaction in phenotypic performance stability of common carp. The experimental design used a 3 x 5 factorial design with five repetitions. Five strains of common carp, namely Rajadanu, Sutisna, Majalaya, Wildan, and Sinyonya were stocked communally for 90 days in three culture systems: concrete pond, net cage pond, and earthen pond. The result showed that the phenotypic performance of common carp was influenced by genotype, environment, and their interaction. Sutisna and Wildan strains have a higher survival rate compared to other strains in all culture systems. Sutisna and Wildan strains have the best growth performance in the earthen pond and net cage pond, respectively. Both strains also have the highest biomass production at harvest in all culture systems. Based on the stability performance analysis, Wildan and Rajadanu have the highest response to the different environmental conditions. St","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123996585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN JENIS SELTER BERBEDA TERHADAP RESPONS STRES DAN KINERJA PRODUKSI PENDEDERAN LOBSTER AIR TAWAR Cherax quadricarinatus DALAM SISTEM RESIRKULASI","authors":"Arif Faisal Siburian, K. Nirmala, E. Supriyono","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.297-307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.297-307","url":null,"abstract":"Sintasan yang rendah pada pembenihan lobster air tawar tidak terlepas dari karakteristik lobster air tawar yang teritorial pada areal yang terbatas, sering menunjukkan sifat agresif pada umur muda, dan memiliki perilaku kanibalisme. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan selter yang berbeda terhadap respons stres dan kinerja produksi sehingga dapat menentukan jenis selter yang tepat untuk pendederan lobster air tawar Cherax quadricarinatus. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah penggunaan selter yang berbeda yakni pipa PVC, roster (ventilasi blok), tali rafia, dan tanpa selter (kontrol). Benih lobster air tawar yang digunakan memiliki bobot rata-rata awal berkisar antara 0,60±0,09-0,64±0,02 g dan panjang total rata-rata awal berkisar antara 2,55±0,06-2,61±0,03 cm yang dipelihara dalam sistem resirkulasi selama 60 hari. Perlakuan dengan penggunaan selter ataupun tanpa selter (kontrol) tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan (P>0,05) terhadap respons stres, namun memberikan pengaruh signifikan (P<0,05) pada kinerja produksi benih lobster air tawar di akhir penelitian. Perlakuan terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah penggunaan selter tali rafia dengan kadar glukosa sebesar 101,00±17,35 mg/dL; protein total sebesar 5,00±0,36 g/dL; sintasan sebesar 86,67± 0,00%; bobot rata-rata akhir sebesar 2,86-3,46 g; panjang total rata-rata akhir sebesar 4,47-5,08 cm; laju pertumbuhan bobot spesifik sebesar 2,92±0,21%/hari; laju pertumbuhan panjang spesifik sebesar 1,15±0,08%/hari; rasio konversi pakan sebesar 2,97±0,05; dan biomassa total sebesar 45,02±1,10 g. Penggunaan tali rafia sebagai selter menjadi perlakuan yang terbaik karena kemampuan tali rafia memisahkan banyak individu sehingga dapat mengurangi kanibalisme dengan cara meminimalkan kontak antarbenih lobster air tawar.The low survival rate in seed production of freshwater crayfish is mainly caused by the territorial behavior of freshwater crayfish which leads to aggressiveness and cannibalism behavior even at a young age. This research aimed to determine the effect of using different nursery shelters on stress responses and production performance of freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. This research used a completely randomized design consisted of four treatments, each with triplicate. The treatments used were different shelters made from PVC pipes, ventilation blocks, raffia ropes, and no shelters as controls. The freshwater crayfish seeds had initial weights ranged from 0.60±0.09-0.64±0.02 g, and total length ranged from 2.55±0.06-2.61±0.03 and reared in a recirculation system for 60 days. The results of the research showed that all treatments including controls did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on stress responses but had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the production performance of freshwater crayfish seed at the end of this research. The seeds reared with raffia ropes she","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"1123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131426212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERKEMBANGAN SALURAN DAN SISTEM PENCERNAAN PADA LARVA IKAN TUNA SIRIP KUNING, Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788)","authors":"Gunawan Gunawan, Jhon Harianto Hutapea, Ananto Setiadi, Ketut Mahardika","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.309-316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.309-316","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan saluran dan sistem pencernaan pada larva ikan tuna sirip kuning Thunnus albacores (Bonnaterre, 1788). Sampel larva diambil setiap hari dari larva baru menetas (D-0) sampai D-13, dan selanjutnya dilakukan sampling pada D-15 dan D-20. Semua sampel di foto dengan program ACT-1 dan diproses secara histologi. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan larva D-0 belum memiliki saluran pencernaan, mulut, dan mata belum terbuka. Pada D-1 saluran pencernaan mulai terbentuk, tetapi masih dalam bentuk tabung lurus. Mulut larva mulai terbuka pada D-2 (45 jam setelah menetas pada suhu air pemeliharaan 28°C). Kuning telur sudah diserap sepenuhnya pada D-3, saluran dan organ pencernaan seperti mulut, esofagus, lambung, ginjal, hati, pankreas, usus, rektum, dan anus sudah terbentuk. Pada D-5 mulai muncul mikro philli pada usus untuk mengabsorbsi nutrisi. Sel-sel penyusun hati, jantung, saluran pencernaan sudah tumbuh dan berkembang menyerupai organ ikan dewasa, ditandai adanya pakan dalam usus. Saluran dan sistem pencernaan telah berdiferensiasi menjadi organ dalam seperti pada ikan dewasa pada hari ke-6 (D-6) dan akan sempurna pada D-20 dengan TL ± 2 cm. Berdasarkan perkembangan pencernaan, maka pakan awal berupa rotifer sebaiknya diberikan pada hari ke-2 (43 jam setelah menetas pada suhu air 28°C).The aim of this study was to observe the development of tract and digestive system on yellowfin tuna larvae. Tuna larvae were collected daily from rearing tank at hatching day 0 (D-0) to 13 (D-13). Samples of larvae were selected at D-15 and D-20. All samples were observed under light microscopy, documented and then histologically processed. The results showed that the digestive tract began to form on the larvae at day-1 which was still in the form of a straight tube. The mouth of the larvae starts to open on D-2 (45 hours after hatching at a water temperature of 28°C). At D-3, the larvae’s yolk sac was fully absorbed, and its intestine contained a single type of food which was rotifer. The digestive tract and internal organs were formed such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, kidney, liver, pancreas, intestine, rectum, and anus which indicated that the larvae can eat and digest food. At D-5, microvilli began to develop in the intestine to absorb nutrients. The cells of the liver, heart, digestive tract had grown and evolved to resemble that of mature fish organs characterized by feed in the gut. The tract and digestive system have differentiated into internal organs such as in adult fish at D-6 and fully developed in D-20 with TL ± 2 cm. Based on the present finding, it is suggested that the initial feeding of tuna larvae using zooplankton (rotifer) could be done at day two (43 hours) post-hatching at a water temperature of 28°C.","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129036529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APLIKASI VAKSIN BIVALEN (VNN dan GSDIV) PADA PEMELIHARAAN LARVA Ikan Kerapu Sunu, Plectropomus leopardus","authors":"K. Mahardika, Indah Mastuti, S. Sudewi, Y. Asih, A. Muzaki, I. Giri","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.337-346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.337-346","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-nodavirus sebagai agen penyebab VNN (virus nervous necrosis) dan infeksi GSDIV (grouper sleepy disease iridovirus, isolat dari genus Megalocytivirus) merupakan penyakit yang menyebabkan mortalitas yang tinggi pada larva dan juvenil ikan kerapu dan kakap di Indonesia. Pencegahan infeksi virus tersebut menjadi prioritas utama dalam budidaya ikan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas vaksin bivalen dalam mencegah infeksi virus VNN dan GSDIV pada pemeliharaan larva ikan kerapu sunu, Plectropomus leopardus. Sebanyak 5 mL vaksin bivalen (kombinasi antara vaksin protein rekombinan VNN dan GSDIV dengan rasio 1:1 v/v) di bio-enkapsulasi ke dalam 30 liter pakan alami Rotifera dan Artemia (2 x 104 individu/mL). Aplikasi vaksin pada larva ikan kerapu sunu dilakukan melalui pakan alami Rotifera dari umur 5-24 hari dan Artemia dari umur 25-50 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vaksin bivalen tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan sintasan larva kerapu sunu (panjang: 1,8-2,2 cm dan sintasan: 1,05%-4,07%). Hasil uji tantang dengan VNN dan GSDIV menunjukkan bahwa vaksin tersebut dapat menginduksi gen imunitas larva (MHC-I).Beta-nodavirus as the causative agent of VNN (viral nervous necrosis) and GSDIV infection (grouper sleepy disease iridovirus, isolate from the genus Megalocytivirus) has caused high mortality of cultured grouper and sea bass larvae and juvenile in Indonesia. The prevention of this virus infection on grouper and sea bass culture has become one of the national priority. The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of the bivalent vaccine in preventing VNN and GSDIV infections to seed of coral trout grouper, Plectropomus leopardus reared in hatchery. Applications of bivalent vaccine (a combination of protein recombinant VNN and GSDIV vaccine with a ratio of 1:1 v/v) were done by bio-encapsulation using the fish natural diet, Rotifera and Artemia, with a dose of 5 mL vaccine in 30 liters of natural diet (2 x 104 ind./mL). Vaccines were given once a day from the larval age of 5-24 days after hatching using Rotifera and 25-50 day after hatching using Artemia. The results showed that the bivalent vaccine did not influence the growth and survival rate of coral trout grouper larvae (ranged of total length: 1.8-2.2 cm and survival rate: 1.05%-4.07%). The challenge test with VNN and GSDIV revealed that the vaccine had positively induced gene related immunity of larvae MHC-I.","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124999522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOKSISITAS SEL UTUH DAN EXTRACELLULAR PRODUCT (ECP) Streptococcus agalactiae β-HEMOLITIK DAN NON-HEMOLITIK PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"A. Suhermanto, S. Sukenda, Muhammad ZAIRIN JR., A. Lusiastuti, S. Nuryati","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.317-328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.317-328","url":null,"abstract":"Bakteri Streptococcus agalactiae tipe β-hemolitik dan non-hemolitik menjadi agen penyebab infeksi streptococcosis yang mengakibatkan kematian dan kerugian besar pada budidaya ikan nila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan toksisitas sel utuh dan extracellular product (ECP) bakteri b-hemolitik dan non-hemolitik yang diinjeksikan pada ikan nila. Karakterisasi S. agalactiae berdasarkan SNI dan API 20 STREP, serta pemisahan protein dengan metode SDS-PAGE. Pengujian toksisitas dilakukan dengan cara menginjeksikan sel utuh dan ECP S. agalactiae secara intraperitoneal (IP) dengan dosis 0,1 mL ekor-1. Hasil uji biokimia, dan konfirmasi dengan API 20 STREP menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat positif S. agalactiae. Fraksinasi protein pada sel utuh bakteri diperoleh pita protein masing-masing sebanyak sembilan dan tujuh pita pada tipe β-hemolitik dan non-hemolitik. Fraksinasi ECP teridentifikasi pada β-hemolitik sebanyak tujuh pita dan non-hemolitik empat pita protein. Konsentrasi protein sel utuh dan ECP b-hemolitik lebih besar dibandingkan bakteri non-hemolitik. Gejala abnormalitas lebih cepat terjadi pada ikan nila yang diinjeksi ECP bakteri b-hemolitik dan berbanding lurus dengan kematian sebanyak 91%-100% pada jam ke-13 pascainjeksi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ECP bakteri S. agalactiae β-hemolitik lebih virulen dibandingkan tipe non-hemolitik. Hingga akhir pemeliharaan tidak ada kematian pada ikan yang diinjeksi sel utuh bakteri S. agalactiae b-hemolitik dan non-hemolitik. Studi histopatologi ikan yang diinjeksi ECP S. agalactiae pada organ hati, limpa, otak, dan ginjal menunjukkan adanya kongesti, hemoragi, dan nekrosis.The β-hemolytic and non-hemolytic biotype of Streptococcus agalactiae are the agents that cause streptococcosis infection which resulted in high mortality and major losses in tilapia culture. This study aimed to compare the toxicity of whole cell and extracellular product (ECP) b-hemolytic and non-hemolytic bacteria from injected tilapia. Characterization of S. agalactiae was based on SNI and API 20 STREP and protein separation by SDS-PAGE method. Toxicity test was carried out by injecting whole cells and ECP S. agalactiae intraperitoneally with a dose of 0.1 mL fish-1. The results of biochemical tests, with confirmation by API 20 STREP showed that all isolates were positive for S. agalactiae. Protein fractionation of whole bacterial cells obtained as many as nine and seven bands of protein in b-hemolytic and non hemolytic biotype, respectively. ECP fractionation was identified in β-hemolytic biotype as many as seven bands and four protein bands in non-hemolytic. The whole cell protein concentration and ECP β-hemolytic were higher than non-hemolytic bacteria. Symptoms of abnormalities occurred faster in tilapia which was injected with ECP b-hemolytic bacteria and had positive correlation with 91%-100% mortalities at the 13th hours post-injection. This results indicated that ECP of S. agalactiae β-hemolytic are more virulent than n","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115142896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATUS KESEHATAN IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus) YANG MENERIMA PAKAN BERSUPLEMEN KOMBINASI DAUN SIRIH (Piper betler leaf), JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava leaf), DAN KIPAHIT (Tithonia diversifolia leaf)","authors":"N. Nafiqoh, S. Sukenda, Muhamad Zairin Junior, A. Alimuddin, A. Lusiastuti, J. Avarre","doi":"10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.357-365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JRA.13.4.2018.357-365","url":null,"abstract":"Tanaman obat telah banyak digunakan sebagai bahan pencegah dan pengobatan penyakit pada ikan budidaya. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui status kesehatan ikan lele (C. gariepinus) yang menerima pakan dengan suplemen tanaman obat kombinasi dari daun sirih, jambu biji, dan kipahit melalui pengamatan gambaran darah dan histologi ginjal sebagai organ yang memproduksi darah. Kombinasi satu merupakan kombinasi dari ketiga daun tanaman obat masing-masing sebanyak 33%, kombinasi dua juga terdiri dari daun sirih, jambu biji, dan kipahit masing-masing sebanyak 5%:19%:76%, dan kontrol yaitu pakan tanpa penambahan tanaman obat. Gambaran darah dan histologi ginjal diamati pada minggu ketiga setelah pemberian pakan. Hasil pengamatan gambaran darah menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan jumlah sel darah merah pada ikan yang menerima pakan perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kontrol (0,4 ± 0,14). Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata antara jumlah sel darah merah dari kelompok perlakuan kombinasi satu dan dua (1,5 ± 0,17 dan 1,4 ± 0,1). Jumlah sel darah putih pada kelompok perlakuan juga meningkat dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (10,5 ± 0,46), namun tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata antara kelompok perlakuan kombinasi satu dan dua (15,1 ± 1,19 dan 17,6 ± 1,14). Hasil pengamatan histologi terlihat jaringan hematopoietik organ ginjal dari kelompok yang menerima perlakuan berproliferasi lebih banyak dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Namun tidak ada pengaruh pada nilai hemoglobin dan persentase leukosit diferensiasi antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Penambahan daun tanaman obat dalam pakan ikan mampu meningkakan status kesehatan dari ikan lele.Medicinal herbs have been traditionally used as prophylactic and therapeutic supplement to treat diseases in aquaculture. This study was aimed to improve the health quality of catfish (C. gariepinus) through feeding on diets enriched with a combination of betel, guava, and tithonia as medicine by analyzing hematology and histology of kidney as blood producing organ. Diet-one was feed enrich with 33% of each plant. Diet-two was feed enriched with betel, guava, and tithonia at a proportion of 5%,19%, and 76%, respectively. Control diet was fed without the plants’ supplementation. Hematology and histology of fish kidney were observed after fish received three-week feed treatments. The results showed that there was an increase of erythrocyte levels in the treated fish groups fed with diet-one and diet-two compared with the control (0.4 ± 0.14). However, no significant differences of erythrocyte level were observed between fish groups fed with diet -one and die-two (1.5 ± 0.17 and 1.4 ± 0.1). Leucocyte levels also increased in the treated fish group with diet-one and diet-two compared to the control (10.5 ± 0.46). However, there was no significant difference of leucocyte level between the fish group feed with diet-one and diet-two (15.1 ± 1.19 and 17.6 ± 1.14). Histological observations found that there were more hematopoietic","PeriodicalId":112729,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Akuakultur","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128996703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}