Diamond and Related Materials最新文献

{"title":"First-principles screening of 1D van der Waals heterostructures based on oligochalcogenophenes encapsulated within 1D crystal nanotubes for stable and efficient excitonic solar cells","authors":"S. Elhadfi ,&nbsp;J. Chenouf","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of excitonic solar cells (XSCs) based on organic semiconductors has reached over 20%. However, the combination of high PCE and long-term stability is still a major conundrum of commercialization. To achieve this goal, we highlight here a promising strategy based on exploiting the empty space within 1D crystal nanotubes (NTs) to encapsulate photoactive organic molecules, creating 1D van der Waals heterostructures (1D vdWHTs) with tunable optoelectronic properties. Aiming to provide theoretical guidance for the rapid selection of 1D vdWHTs based on NTs encapsulating <span><math><mi>π</mi></math></span>-conjugated molecules towards stable and efficient XSCs, comprehensive first-principles calculations are carried out to study the energetic stability, optoelectronic behavior, and photovoltaic potential of single-walled carbon, boron-phosphide, and germanium-carbide NTs filled with a series of <span><math><mi>π</mi></math></span>-conjugated oligochalcogenophenes (nX). We demonstrate that the host NTs combined with the guest nX can provide XSCs with tunable optoelectronic properties, electron-donor/electron-acceptor interface band alignment, and PCE. Intriguingly, we evidence that including the contribution of nX electron-acceptors with strong NIR/visible absorption can significantly enhance the PCE, potentially reaching over 28%. This work emphasizes the importance of nX@NTs-based 1D vdWHTs strategy in tuning the photovoltaic performances, leading to development of novel heterostructures for stable and efficient XSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-temperature oxygen plasma etching for enhancing the electrochemical oxidation performance of boron-doped diamond electrodes","authors":"Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Haichao Li ,&nbsp;Zejun Deng ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Rongkai Ge ,&nbsp;Yijia Wang ,&nbsp;Kechao Zhou ,&nbsp;Quiping Wei ,&nbsp;Li Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes are recognized as highly promising anodes for electrochemical advanced oxidation processes owing to the wide potential window, high stability, and superior electrochemical oxidation capability. Nevertheless, their practical applications are limited by electrochemically active surface area (EASA) and insufficient mass transfer efficiency. In this work, a strategy of oxygen plasma etching at different temperatures (550 °C, 650 °C, and 750 °C) was employed to enhance the electrochemical oxidation performance of BDD anodes. Increasing the etching temperature intensifies the etching of crystal facets, leading to the formation of nanopores at 650 °C, while excessive etching at 750 °C results in grain fragmentation. The plasma-induced morphological evolution increased the EASA and facilitated interfacial mass transfer, thereby substantially improving the electrochemical oxidation efficiency. Among the etched electrodes, 650 °C-BDD has the highest EASA, with a degradation rate constant of 3.89 ± 0.11 h⁻¹ for Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19), which is close to a sixfold enhancement compared with that of pristine BDD. Moreover, the TOC removal rate of the 650 °C-BDD electrode was nearly 2.4 times higher than that of pristine BDD, while reducing the TOC energy consumption by about 35.2%. These results demonstrate a clear correlation between oxygen plasma etching temperature, BDD surface morphology, and electrochemical oxidation efficiency, thereby providing practical guidance for the rational design of high-performance diamond anodes in advanced wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113364"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen in diamond: Thermal stability of ST1 spin centres and creation of oxygen-pair complexes","authors":"Paul Neugebauer ,&nbsp;Xinxi Huang ,&nbsp;Chloe Newsom ,&nbsp;Christophe Arnold ,&nbsp;Hjørdis Martelock ,&nbsp;Séverine Diziain ,&nbsp;Edoardo Monnetti ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Achard ,&nbsp;Tobias Lühmann ,&nbsp;Paolo Olivero ,&nbsp;Jan Meijer ,&nbsp;Julien Barjon ,&nbsp;Alexandre Tallaire ,&nbsp;Sébastien Pezzagna","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Little is known about oxygen-related defects in diamond. Recently, the promising room-temperature spin centre named ST1 was identified as an oxygen centre, but of still unknown atomic structure and thermal stability. In this work, we report on the optically active oxygen-related centres and the conditions for their formation, using ion implantation of oxygen in various conditions of depth and fluence. More specifically, we establish the temperature formation/stability range of the ST1 centre, which has a maximum at about 1100 °C and is narrower than for NV centres. In these conditions, optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) on small ST1 ensembles was measured with a spin readout contrast of &gt;20% at 300 K. In cathodoluminescence, the 535 nm ST1 peak is not observed. Besides, a broad peak centred at 460 nm is measured for implantation of O₂ molecular ions. For an annealing temperature of 1500 °C, a different centre is formed (with ZPL at 584.5 nm) with an intensity increasing with a power law 1.5 &lt; <em>p</em> &lt; 1.9 dependence from the implantation fluence. This suggests that this centre contains two oxygen atoms. Besides, a new spectral feature associated to an intrinsic defect was also observed, with four prominent lines (especially at 594 nm). Finally, the thermal formation and stability of oxygen centres in diamond presented here are important for the identification of the atomic structure of defects such as the ST1 and possible O₂V_x complex by means of ab initio calculations. Indeed, the formation energies and charge states of defect centres are easier to compute than the full energy level scheme, which to date still remains unsuccessful regarding the ST1 centre.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable co-precursor synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production, tetracycline degradation, and toxicity evaluation","authors":"Dang Thanh Cong Minh ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thuy Diem Thao ,&nbsp;Pham Minh Son ,&nbsp;Tran Nguyen Cam Nhung ,&nbsp;Tran Dang Khoa ,&nbsp;Phan Quang Huy Hoang ,&nbsp;Ta Dang Khoa ,&nbsp;Nguyen Huu Hieu","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphitic carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as a promising metal-free photocatalyst for environmental remediation and clean energy production. In this study, CN materials were synthesized from urea combined with melamine, dicyandiamide, and ammonium thiocyanate via a simple pyrolysis method. Structural, morphological, and optical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR). Among the prepared samples, 10UM-CN exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity toward tetracycline (TC) degradation and photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) production. Specifically, 10UM-CN achieved a TC removal efficiency of approximately 94% TC removal (10 ppm, 100 mL), with a kinetic rate constant k = 0.0375 min⁻¹ in 75 min and produced over 74.27 mM g⁻¹ h⁻¹ of H₂O₂ after 30 min of light irradiation. Mechanistic investigations combined with ESR analysis revealed that photogenerated electrons and superoxide radicals were the dominant reactive oxygen species. Electrochemical analyses, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, photocurrent response, and linear sweep voltammetry, confirmed enhanced charge transport, reduced recombination, and the H₂O₂ production pathway following a two-step single-electron reduction mechanism. In addition, the reusability and stability of 10UM-CN were evaluated through four consecutive cycles of photocatalytic TC degradation, demonstrating consistent performance and structural stability. Moreover, the toxicity of the antibiotic solution after photodegradation was investigated using deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cleavage analysis and toxicity prediction tools. This study provides a facile and effective strategy for improving the photocatalytic efficiency of CN by combining compatible precursors, offering a practical approach for the development of metal-free photocatalysts for environmental remediation and sustainable energy production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113440"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147421428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile synthesis of mesoporous ZnCo2O4 anchored on coffee ground/orange peel-derived carbon as an advanced electrode for energy storage","authors":"Yu-Cheng Chang,&nbsp;Shao-Ru Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating global energy demand and the intermittency of renewable energy sources necessitate the urgent development of sustainable, high-performance energy storage systems, such as supercapacitors. This study aims to engineer a novel hybrid electrode by integrating a redox-active bimetallic oxide with a sustainable biomass-derived carbon scaffold to overcome the energy density limitations of conventional carbon materials. A green and cost-effective strategy was developed to synthesize a CGOP@ZnCo₂O₄ composite by coupling coffee ground/orange peel-derived carbon (CGOP) with ZnCo₂O₄ nanostructures via a wet-chemical route and thermal annealing. The biocarbon framework, derived from sustainable biomass, provides a highly conductive network and an abundance of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups that facilitate uniform growth and strong interfacial bonding of ZnCo₂O₄. Systematic optimization of the annealing temperature and precursor ratios revealed that the composite prepared at 450 °C with 0.134 mmol Zn(NO₃)₂ and 1.33 mmol Co(NO₃)₂ exhibited a hierarchically porous and well-crystallized architecture. This structural synergy between mesoporous biocarbon and crystalline ZnCo₂O₄ enables rapid ion diffusion and efficient charge transport, resulting in an outstanding specific capacitance of 556.1 F/g at 1 A/g and excellent cycling stability, with 81.1% retention after 5000 cycles. Furthermore, the reduced charge-transfer resistance and pseudocapacitive behavior confirm the improved electrochemical kinetics of the optimized composite. This work demonstrates an environmentally benign route for constructing a high-performance ZnCo₂O₄-based electrode through effective biocarbon coupling, offering a promising pathway for sustainable and scalable energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113363"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced β-phase formation and multifunctional properties of PVDF-HFP/PMMA/graphene oxide nanocomposite films for potential energy harvesting applications","authors":"Khadija Oumghar ,&nbsp;Said Douhi ,&nbsp;Mounir El Achaby ,&nbsp;Mohamed Rguiti ,&nbsp;Omar Cherkaoui ,&nbsp;Adil Eddiai","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible nanocomposite films based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)/Polymethylene metacrylate PMMA blend were synthesized by incorporating graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets through a simple solution-blending route. The introduction of GO using PMMA as a compatibilizer induced strong molecular interactions within the polymer matrix, promoting the conversion of the non-polar α-phase into the electroactive β-phase. X-ray diffraction and FTIR analyses demonstrated a gradual suppression of α-phase peaks and a corresponding increase in β-phase intensity beyond 0.5 wt% GO loading. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a shift in the glass transition temperature toward higher values, indicating stronger interfacial coupling and enhanced thermal stability. The optimized nanocomposite exhibited improved dielectric constant and mechanical strength, confirming the influence of PMMA–GO on phase transition and structural reinforcement. These results suggest that PMMA–GO functions effectively as both a nucleating and compatibilizing agent, facilitating chain alignment and dipole orientation in PVDF-HFP. Overall, the developed films display combined structural, dielectric, and thermal improvements, indicating their strong potential for future electromechanical and energy harvesting technologies, although no device-level validation was carried out in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113432"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147421690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High pressure synthesis and boron distribution of boron-doped nano-polycrystalline diamond","authors":"Fumihide Sakano ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Ikeda ,&nbsp;Koji Kuramochi ,&nbsp;Takuya Sasaki ,&nbsp;Ken Niwa ,&nbsp;Norimasa Nishiyama ,&nbsp;Yutaka Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Masashi Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron-doped nano-polycrystalline diamond (B-NPD) was attempted to be synthesized at 15 GPa and 2000 °C using a Kawai-type high-pressure generation apparatus. Two B-NPD black and opaque samples of which grain sizes were 98 ± 8 and 119 ± 10 nm, were successfully prepared. Their boron concentrations inspected by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) were 568 ± 11 and 3301 ± 34 ppm, respectively, while the values calculated by the substitutional lattice expansion model using their lattice parameters (0.356746(1) and 0.356763(1) nm) were lower, 530 ± 39 and 863 ± 39 ppm, respectively. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements of these samples exhibited no peaks of the carbon materials and boron‑carbon compounds. STEM-EELS analysis revealed that boron atoms in the higher boron-concentration sample were clearly segregated at grain boundaries where the sp² state of carbon is enhanced. Present and previous studies indicate that the distribution of boron in diamond materials is affected by the presence of defective areas, such as grain boundaries and twin boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113311"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Fe2O3/RGO nanocomposite infused with CTAB surfactant modified glassy carbon electrode for ultrasensitive determination of promethazine hydrochloride","authors":"Amruta Patri ,&nbsp;Mallika S. Wali ,&nbsp;Manjunath B. Megalamani ,&nbsp;Manojna R. Nayak ,&nbsp;Lokesh Bheemayya ,&nbsp;Sharanappa T. Nandibewoor ,&nbsp;Ashok M. Sajjan ,&nbsp;Ravindra R. Kamble","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A glassy carbon electrode modified with a metal oxide-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite infused with CTAB (Fe₂O₃/RGO/CTAB@GCE) was engineered to enable the precise and sensitive electrochemical determination of promethazine hydrochloride (PMH). Fe₂O₃ and RGO nanocomposites were produced by hydrothermal and chemical processes respectively, and characterized in detail using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) assessed material performance. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were utilized to study the electrochemical behaviour and determination of PMH at the Fe₂O₃/RGO/CTAB@GCE. The modified electrode exhibited an enlarged electroactive surface area, strong adsorption capacity, and synergistic electrocatalytic activity towards PMH oxidation. Critical experimental parameters including electrolyte pH, nanocomposite loading, preconcentration potential, and time were systematically optimized to maximize analytical performance. Under optimized conditions, the sensor displayed a linear detection range from 6.0 nmol L⁻¹ to 0.01 μmol L⁻¹, with detection and quantification limits of 0.36 and 1.21 nmol L⁻¹ respectively. The designed sensing platform demonstrated high sensitivity, excellent reproducibility, and practical applicability for PMH determination in urine, water and pharmaceutical samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113387"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tunable multifunctional multimodal graphene-vanadium dioxide metasurface enabling fabry-perot transmission, reflective polarization conversion, and multiband absorption","authors":"Hiranmay Mistri ,&nbsp;Anumoy Ghosh ,&nbsp;Abdur Rahaman Sardar","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a novel design of a tunable, broadband, multifunctional, and multimodal device incorporating vanadium dioxide (VO₂) and graphene for terahertz (THz) applications. The proposed device offers excellent dynamic control under both voltage and temperature variations. Depending on the operating phase of VO₂, it functions as a broadband reflection-type linear-to-circular polarization converter (LTCPC), a broadband Fabry-Perot transmission-type linear-to-cross polarization converter (LTLPC), and a multiband absorber. The metasurface unit cell consists of a diagonally mounted elliptical graphene monolayer on a silicon dioxide (SiO₂) substrate. The backplane is made of VO₂, allowing switching between reflective and transmissive operation. In the metallic phase of VO₂, the device operates as an LTCPC from 2.05 THz to 3.88 THz, i.e., a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 61.72%, as well as a dual-band absorber featuring sharp absorption peaks of 100% and 90.83% at 1.78 THz and 3.28 THz, respectively. In the insulating phase of VO₂, the device operates as a Fabry-Perot resonator and provides LTLPC from 1.74 THz to 2.90 THz, i.e., 50% FBW, as well as a single-band absorber with an absorption peak of 85.28% at 1.67 THz. In the intermediate phase, where the conductivity of VO₂ is approximately 21,700 S/m, the device operates as a dual-band absorber with a wideband response from 1.59 THz to 1.77 THz, and from 2.37 THz to 3.53 THz, i.e., 10.71% and 39.32% FBW, respectively. The LTCPC and LTLPC operations exhibit angular stability for incident angles up to 50° and 40°, respectively. For multimodal and multifunctional capabilities, the proposed device demonstrates excellent prospects for integration into communication systems, sensing, and imaging in the terahertz applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113431"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile synthesis and electrochemical behavior of CoWO4@C@MnOx nanocomposite electrode material as a high-performance supercapacitor","authors":"Rabia Shahid ,&nbsp;Hira Afzal ,&nbsp;Usman Zubair ,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran Yousaf","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In electrochemical applications, supercapacitors are widely used. Although the synthesis of MnO_x as a nanocomposite material has been well-documented, creating an MnOx electrode with high energy density remains challenging. In this work, an electrode of CoWO4@C@MnOx was fabricated using hydrothermal, deposition, and condensation methods. In this nanocomposite, CoWO₄ enhanced conductivity and facilitated rapid charge transmission, because the Cobalt tungstate possesses higher electric conductivity 10⁻⁷–10⁻³ Scm⁻², which shows excellent catalytic efficiency in comparison to pristine or mixed metal oxide compounds. The tungstate may also increase the conductivity in comparison to pure cobalt oxide, while C prevented agglomeration and provided a good surface area. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and SEM were used to study the CoWO₄@C@MnO_x nanocomposite crystal structure and structural morphologies. The electrochemical behavior of CoWO₄@C@MnO_x was studied through GCD and cyclic voltammetry in 1 M (Na₂SO₄) electrolyte solution with a current density of 2 A/g, obtaining the highest specific capacitance of 450 F/g with energy density (24.0 Whkg⁻¹) and power density (2000 Wkg⁻¹). The ternary composite shows the 450 F/g specific capacitance, and the specific capacitance of pristine cobalt tungstate is 300, and CoWO₄@C is 380, which is 1.5× higher in comparison to pristine CoWO₄ and binary composite CoWO₄@C. The CoWO₄@C@MnO_x electrode shows 5000 cycles with over 96% retention. The CoWO_4, CoWO₄@C, and CoWO₄@C@MnO_x have crystalline sizes of 18 nm, 20 nm, and 23 nm, respectively, which are increased due to the concentration of CoWO₄ and C in MnO_x. The SEM image shows a needle-like particle (70–130 nm) long and 50 nm in diameter. Cobalt Tungstate increases the conductivity and porosity, and the conductive carbon stops agglomeration. The synthesis shows an improvement in electrode mobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113403"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}