Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Injection molded multidrug intravaginal rings with antimicrobial properties for prophylaxis and cancer treatment in women's health context.","authors":"Gabriela Abreu Raimundo, Tauana Batistella, Maria Johann Fensterseifer, Loise Silveira da Silva, Ian Matheus Moura Esper, Gustavo Ferrari, Gean Vitor Salmoria","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2639833","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2639833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explores the development of intravaginal rings with controlled drug release, fabricated through injection molding, for the treatment of viral and bacterial gynecological diseases such as HIV/AIDS, cervical cancer caused by HPV, and other infections.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Recent advancements in women's health treatments have been driven by technological innovations and clinical improvements, where the development of new technologies for treating and preventing cancers and infections in women highlights a gap that still requires significant improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The selected drugs were copper sulfate (CuSo₄), silver sulfadiazine (AgSD), and fluorouracil (FU), which offer a combination of antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties. Devices were manufactured from Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) polymer with 20% (w/w) of each drug isolated. Multi-drug devices were produced with combinations of 15% copper sulfate and 15% silver sulfadiazine, and 15% silver sulfadiazine and 15% fluorouracil. Characterization to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the devices was performed through SEM, FTIR, DSC, DMA, and <i>in vitro</i> drug release tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preliminary results suggest that drug release was sustained for more than 40 days, with high drug incorporation capacity, and high process reproducibility, with LDPE mechanical properties minimally affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the feasibility of using injection molding to produce multidrug LDPE intravaginal rings with stable mechanical properties, drug-loading capacity, and sustained release, highlighting a promising and scalable platform for future therapeutic and prophylactic applications in women's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"853-865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147353835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid-polymer conjugated nanocarriers of ferulic acid for obesity intervention via oxidative stress regulation.","authors":"Preeti Meshram, Suvarna Bhadane, Dipika Pakhare, Swati Patil, Snehal Hase, Yogita Marathe, Monika Jadhav","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2646992","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2646992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ferulic acid (FA) exhibits antioxidant and metabolic regulatory properties; however, its clinical translation in obesity management is limited due to poor aqueous solubility, low permeability, and rapid systemic clearance (BCS class IV).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>To develop and optimize a chitosan-conjugated hybrid polymer-lipid nanocarrier system to enhance the oral bioavailability of FA and evaluate its anti-obesity efficacy via oxidative stress-mediated metabolic modulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>FA-loaded nanocarriers were prepared using emulsification solvent evaporation followed by probe sonication and optimized through central composite design (17 experimental runs). Physicochemical characterization included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, %encapsulation efficiency, %drug loading , and <i>in vitro</i> release kinetics. Anti-obesity efficacy was assessed in a high-fructose diet-induced obese Sprague-Dawley rat model (<i>n</i> = 6 per group). Data were expressed as mean ± SD and analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc test (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized formulation (F8) exhibited a mean particle size of 110.3 ± 0.2 nm, PDI of 0.241 ± 0.02, zeta potential of -37.21 ± 0.21 mV, %encapsulation efficiency of 86.96 ± 4.4%, and % drug loading of 17.39 ± 3.2%. Sustained drug release of 80.24 ± 2.6% was observed over 24 hour, following Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics (<i>R</i>² = 0.99; <i>n</i> = 0.4). <i>In vivo</i> administration significantly reduced plasma insulin (5.84 ± 0.42 to 1.21 ± 0.18 ng/mL), total cholesterol (186.4 ± 8.7 to 97.9 ± 6.3 mg/dL), triglycerides (168.2 ± 7.9 to 98.7 ± 5.8 mg/dL), and LDL (121.5 ± 6.4 to 44.9 ± 4.2 mg/dL), while increasing HDL (38.6 ± 3.1 to 49.8 ± 2.9 mg/dL) compared with high-fructose controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Anti-obesity evaluation revealed significant reductions in oxidative stress markers and improved lipid profile: 4.8-fold reduction in insulin, 1.9-fold decrease in cholesterol, 1.7-fold reduction in triglycerides, 1.2-fold increase in HDL, and 0.37-fold reduction in LDL (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These effects were accompanied by attenuation of oxidative stress markers, suggesting restoration of redox-sensitive metabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These nanocarriers could - significantly enhanced systemic exposure and metabolic efficacy of FA, demonstrating sustained antioxidant-mediated improvement in insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis. Thus representing a promising oral therapeutic platform for obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"951-976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of modulation of alimentary and formulation pH on the pharmacokinetics of BCS-Class I, II, III, and IV compounds in rats following cassette dosing.","authors":"Satish Kumar, Lakshmi Prasanna Tattala, Ravi Akkireddy, Satinder Singh, Sudhir Kumar Tiwari, Pratima Srivastava, Sumeet Gupta, Anroop Nair","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2635383","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2635383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was performed to appraise the effect of modulation of formulation pH and abdominal pH on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the selected compounds from different drugs of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) when administered via cassette dosing in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pharmacokinetics of four different BCS class drugs viz. propranolol HCl, diclofenac sodium, atenolol, and acetazolamide (BCS-I, II, III, and IV, respectively) in different formulation pH conditions and different abdominal pH conditions were evaluated. The animal groups were dosed orally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Propranolol HCl exhibited a significant increase in area under the curve (AUC_0-last) when the alimentary canal pH was modulated to acidic (195%), and a significant increase in maximum concentration at a given time point (<i>C</i>_max) (102%) for formulation with basic pH in healthy animals. Diclofenac exhibited a significant increase in AUC_0-last when the alimentary canal pH was modulated to acidic (95%), and a significant decrease in <i>C</i>_max (55%) for formulation with basic pH in healthy animals. Atenolol displayed a substantial increase in AUC_0-last in basic pH conditions in the alimentary canal (38%), and a significant decrease in AUC_0-last (49%) for basic pH formulation in healthy animals. Acetazolamide demonstrated a considerable increase in AUC_0-last when alimentary canal pH was modulated to basic (55%), and a substantial enhancement in AUC_0-last (39%) for acidic pH formulation in healthy animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that both alimentary canal conditions with acidic and basic pH and formulation with acidic and basic pH have a considerable influence on the PKs of different compounds not only based on their acid dissociation constant (pKa) but also independently on the pH in the area of absorption in the alimentary canal and salt form of the compound.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"825-838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of berberine-loaded PEGylated liposomes: <i>in-vitro</i> and <i>ex-vivo</i> evaluation.","authors":"Neeraj Kumar, Akanksha, Rama Tyagi, Ayesha Waheed, Mohd Aqil, Abul Kalam Najmi, Mohd Mujeeb","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2642083","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2642083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and evaluate a PEGylated berberine (BE)-loaded nanoliposome formulation (Opt-BE-PEG-Ls) using a Quality by Design (QbD) approach, aimed at providing an effective, long-term antidiabetic therapeutic strategy.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>According to the 2024 International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas, 589 million adults (11.1%) aged 20-79 have diabetes, projected to rise to 853 million (13%) by 2050. In 2024, diabetes caused 3.4 million deaths and over USD 1 trillion in healthcare costs. The rising burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, underscores the urgent need for innovative and sustainable antidiabetic therapies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The cold injection method was utilized to prepare BE-loaded PEGylated liposomes, with formulation optimization guided by the QbD approach. Comprehensive characterization was carried out using zeta potential analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). <i>In vitro</i> studies were also performed to evaluate the formulation. Stability testing, conducted in accordance with ICH Q1 (R2) guidelines, confirmed the formulation's robustness.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Opt-BE-PEG-Ls were successfully optimized using a Box-Behnken Design, resulting in a particle size of 182.26 ± 0.38 nm, polydispersity index of 0.303 ± 0.003, and an entrapment efficiency of 91.07 ± 0.69%. <i>In vitro</i> studies demonstrated sustained drug release, strong antioxidant activity, and notable inhibition of α-amylase (86.27 ± 0.01%), α-glucosidase (70.06 ± 0.01%), and oxygen radicals (70.19 ± 0.18%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Opt-BE-PEG-Ls demonstrate promising potential as a stable and effective antidiabetic nano formulation, offering controlled release and strong enzymatic inhibition properties. This formulation could serve as a valuable candidate for future clinical applications in diabetes management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"876-889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147510554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation, characterization of geraniol/HP-β-CD inclusion complex and its acute toxicity evaluation in mice.","authors":"ZhongHui Pu, SiYi Luo, XingYun Liao, YiXiao Ning, Min Dai","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2645419","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2645419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study prepared a geraniol (Ger)/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) inclusion complex (IC) and evaluated its acute toxicity in mice to support applications in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.​.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Poor stability and irritation limit Ger use; HP-β-CD complexation improves stability, controls release, and reduces toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Response surface methodology optimized IC preparation, while SEM, XRD and other methods confirmed formation. Thermal stability and in vitro release were tested, and intramuscular acute toxicity in mice determined LD₅₀.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optimal conditions were 100 mg/mL HP-β-CD, 20% acetonitrile, and 35.6 °C, achieving 73.08% encapsulation efficiency. The IC retained over 80% efficiency after 25 days at 4, 25 and 50 °C and showed sustained release (90% at 8 h vs. 2 h for free Ger). The IC LD₅₀ was 2373.96 mg/kg, higher than 1932.49 mg/kg for free Ger, with no major organ lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ger/HP-β-CD IC exhibits sustained-release properties and better safety than free Ger. It is an effective Ger delivery system and supports its potential development and application in functional foods and drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"934-950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdermal delivery of lornoxicam <i>via</i> transethosomal gel as a novel strategy for management of rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Ayesha Muneer, Shefaat Ullah Shah, Rashna Mirza, Noor Ullah, Salman Khan, Doua Ilyas, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Moneerah J Alqahtani, Jawaher H Alqahtani, Abdullah R Alanzi, Stephane Gibaud, Kifayat Ullah Shah","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2637594","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2637594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop and optimize lornoxicam-loaded transethosomal vesicles (LOR-TES) to improve the solubility, skin permeation, and transdermal delivery of lornoxicam for potential use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LOR-TES formulations were prepared using the thin-film hydration method. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to evaluate the influence of formulation variables, such as lipid content, ethanol concentration, and surfactant amount. The optimized vesicles were incorporated into a Carbopol-based gel using the soaking method and refined through a hit-and-trial approach. The formulations were characterized for particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), and entrapment efficiency (%EE). Surface morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while compatibility and encapsulation were confirmed <i>via</i> Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). <i>In vitro</i> drug release, <i>ex vivo</i> skin permeation using Franz diffusion cells, and stability studies over six months were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized LOR-TES showed a PS of 150.7 ± 1.2 nm, PDI of 0.326 ± 0.04, a ZP of -23.3 ± 0.9 mV, and %EE of 80.9 ± 0.2%. SEM revealed spherical morphology, while FTIR and DSC confirmed compatibility and successful encapsulation. <i>In vitro</i> release studies showed sustained drug release, and <i>ex vivo</i> studies demonstrated a fourfold increase in skin permeation from the LOR-TES gel compared to the conventional formulation. Stability testing confirmed formulation stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The developed LOR-TES gel enhanced transdermal drug delivery, offering sustained release and improved permeation. It presents a promising strategy for effective management of rheumatoid arthritis through the transdermal route.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"839-852"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147303544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generative artificial intelligence and large language models in pharmaceutical formulation and personalized pharmacy: a review of opportunities, technical constraints, and regulatory readiness.","authors":"Atharv Shinde, Hrushikesh Mhaismale, Pratik Pawar, Shriraj Mane, Aditya Bembde","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2649846","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2649846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article reviews the emerging applications of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and large language models (LLMs) in areas beyond early drug discovery, specifically focusing on drug formulation and personalized pharmacy.</p><p><strong>Significance of review: </strong>This convergence supports more data-driven and potentially patient-specific formulation strategies. By combining the design capabilities of LLMs with the analytical power of generative models, researchers can address complex formulation challenges with increased precision.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>We analyze the impact of generative architectures (e.g. transformers, variational autoencoders) on formulation science, highlighting their ability to forecast critical properties such as solubility, stability, and excipient interactions. Furthermore, we investigate their role in the <i>de novo</i> design of nanocarriers and 3D-printed dosage forms. In the clinical setting, we examine how these models interpret genetic data to support the prediction of individual drug responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of GenAI and LLMs within pharmacy has the potential to accelerate development processes and pave the way for a new and practical approach to customized therapies. These developments may contribute to the future integration of personalized formulation strategies in pharmaceutical development, contingent upon robust validation and regulatory alignment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"793-807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability of luteolin: a nanosuspension approach.","authors":"Hari Priya Sripadi, Sai Balaji Andugulapati, Vijaya Sarathi U V R, Ramakrishna Sistla","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2655893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2026.2655893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Luteolin (LT), a naturally occurring flavonoid and biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) Class II compound, holds broad pharmacological potential. However, its clinical application is limited by poor water solubility and low intestinal permeability. This study aimed to enhance LT's solubility and oral bioavailability by formulating a nanosuspension using anti-solvent precipitation combined with ultrasonication.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Improving the dissolution and absorption of poorly soluble phytoconstituents like LT, is critical to translate their pharmacological promise into effective oral therapies. A nanosuspension-based strategy offers a scalable and efficient approach to overcome bioavailability barriers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Luteolin nanosuspensions were developed via precipitation from an organic solvent into an aqueous anti-solvent under ultrasonic irradiation. Key formulation variables like stabilizer type, concentration, and sonication time were optimized to minimize particle size (PS) and improve stability. The final formulation was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and <i>in vitro</i> dissolution studies. Pharmacokinetic performance was evaluated <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized formulation, LT-NS-0.5% Pluronic F127 (F127), achieved a significantly reduced PS with a narrow size distribution and strong physical stability. Poloxamer 407 was the most effective stabilizer in controlling particle growth during ultrasonication. The formulation released LT more rapidly and completely than the raw compound, indicating improved dissolution behavior. <i>In vivo</i> pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated a significant increase in oral bioavailability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The anti-solvent precipitation-ultrasonication method effectively enhanced the solubility and bioavailability of LT. This nanosuspension approach provides a practical and scalable pathway to advance poorly soluble phytoconstituents towards clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injectable grafts for hard tissue engineering: current trends and future perspectives.","authors":"Rajeev Ranjan, Vikash Kumar, Ayush Katyayan","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2659235","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2659235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Injectable bone grafts have emerged as a promising solution for bone tissue regeneration due to their minimally invasive nature and ability to conform to complex anatomical defects. Recent advancements in materials, formulations, and techniques have enhanced their efficacy and versatility.</p><p><strong>Significance of review: </strong>This review article focuses on the latest developments in injectable bone graft technologies, their clinical applications, and challenges associated with their use. The review systematically examines recent studies, and innovations in the field of injectable bone grafts. Key areas explored include material development, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and methods for optimizing bone regeneration. Recent advancements highlight the development of novel biomaterials, such as calcium phosphate composites, hydrogels, and biodegradable polymers, which have improved cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Advances in 3D printing and nanotechnology have further enhanced the precision and performance of injectable bone grafts. Additionally, the incorporation of growth factors, stem cells, and antimicrobial agents has demonstrated improved healing outcomes and reduced risks of infection.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Injectable grafts offer a minimally invasive and adaptable approach for hard tissue regeneration, enabling efficient delivery of cells and bioactive agents. Advances in biomaterials have improved their performance, yet challenges such as limited mechanical strength, regulatory barriers, and scalability remain. Future innovations may enhance their clinical translation and broaden therapeutic applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recent advancements in injectable bone grafts have enhanced their applicability in bone tissue regeneration. Continued research and innovation are crucial to overcome current limitations and further expand their clinical utility in complex bone repair and reconstruction procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a multifunctional natural composite microemulsion for anti-acne therapy: synergistic anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects.","authors":"Siqi Rao, Ying Chen, Chunlin Tao, Jialing Chen, Huicai Wu, Wenjin Xu","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2661824","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2026.2661824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acne is a common inflammatory disease of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands, but most of the current treatments have side effects or drug resistance problems. This study developed a stable, self-emulsifying composite Microemulsion (PHS-ME) co-loaded with paeonol, honokiol and Salix alba (white willow) bark extract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The formulation was optimized using Box-Behnken design. Physicochemical properties, centrifugation and storage stability (35 days at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C), <i>in vitro</i> drug release, cytotoxicity (HaCaT cells), cellular uptake, anti-inflammatory activity (LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells), and antibacterial efficacy against Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PHS-ME exhibited a uniform spherical morphology with a mean droplet size of 13.54 ± 0.35 nm, high encapsulation efficiency, and excellent physical stability. It showed sustained drug release, good biocompatibility (safe up to 8 µg/mL). Finally, PHS-ME significantly enhanced the cellular uptake of HaCaT and effectively inhibited the production of key inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the composite Microemulsion against <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> for acne were the same, which were 0.5 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study proposes a simple and stable strategy for preparing composite Microemulsion. Due to its synergistic anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, these Microemulsions have great industrial potential as a natural local anti-acne product.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}