Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Development, optimization and characterization of cisplatin loaded cubosomes for human lung carcinoma.","authors":"Hassaan Umar, Habibah A Wahab, Nadeem Ahmed, Nao Akusa Fujimura, Muhammad Wahab Amjad, Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari, Waqas Ahmad","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2024.2326043","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2024.2326043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop, optimize and evaluate glyceryl monooleate (GMO) based cubosomes as a drug delivery system containing cisplatin for treatment of human lung carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The significance of this research was to successfully incorporate slightly water soluble and potent anticancer drug (cisplatin) into cubosomes, which provide slow and sustained release of drug for longer period of time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The delivery system was developed through top-down approach by melting GMO and poloxamer 407 (P407) at 70 °C and then drop-wise addition of warm deionized water (70 °C) containing cisplatin. The formulation then exposed to probe sonicator for about 2 min. A randomized regular two level full factorial design with help of Design Expert was used for optimization of blank cubosomal formulations. Cisplatin loaded cubosomes were then subjected to physico-chemical characterization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The characterization of the formulation revealed that it had a sufficient surface charge of -9.56 ± 1.33 mV, 168.25 ± 5.73 nm particle size, and 60.64 ± 0.11% encapsulation efficiency. The <i>in vitro</i> release of cisplatin from the cubosomes at pH 7.4 was observed to be sustained, with 94.5% of the drug being released in 30 h. In contrast, 99% of cisplatin was released from the drug solution in just 1.5 h. <i>In vitro</i> cytotoxicity assay was conducted on the human lung carcinoma NCI-H226 cell line, the cytotoxicity of cisplatin-loaded cubosomes was relative to that of pure cisplatin solution, while blank (without cisplatin) cubosomes were nontoxic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The obtained results demonstrated the successful development of cubosomes for sustained delivery of cisplatin.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1002-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140048999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and optimization of naringin-loaded MOF-5 encapsulated by liponiosomes as smart drug delivery, cytotoxicity, and apoptotic on breast cancer cells.","authors":"Lina M Alneghery, Mohammed Al-Zharani, Fahd A Nasr, Zienab E Eldin, Tayel A Al Hujran, Hesham M Tawfeek, Mohamed H Fayed, Shehab Elbeltagi","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2024.2388786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2024.2388786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancers are regarded as hazardous due to their high worldwide death rate, with breast cancer (BC), which affects practically all cancer patients globally, playing a significant role in this statistic. The therapeutic approach for BC has not advanced using standard techniques, such as specialized naringin (NG) chemotherapy. Instead, a novel strategy has been utilized to enhance smart drug delivery (SDD) to tumors.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Herein, we established NG-loaded zinc metal-organic framework-5 (NG-MOF-5) coated with liponiosomes (LNs) to manufacture NG-MOF-5@LNs nanoparticles (NPs) for antibacterial and cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MOF-5, NG, and NG-MOF-5@LNs were evaluated with XRD, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), FTIR, SEM, TEM, PDI, ZP, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading efficiency (LE), and drug release (DR) kinetics. We examined the antibacterial activity involving minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zone of inhibition by NG, MOF-5, and NG-MOF-5@LNs. The cell viability, necrosis, and total apoptosis (late and early) were evaluated for anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 BC cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TEM results demonstrated that NG-MOF-5@LNs formed monodispersed spherical-like particles with a size of 122.5 nm, PDI of 0.139, and ZP of +21 mV. The anti-microbial activity results indicated that NG-MOF-5@LNs exhibited potent antibacterial effects, as evidenced by inhibition zones and MIC values. The Higuchi model indicates an excellent fit (<i>R</i>² = 0.9988). The MTT assay revealed anti-tumor activity against MCF-7 BC cells, with IC₅₀ of 21 µg/mL for NG-MOF-5@LNs and demonstrating a total apoptosis effect of 68.2% on MCF-7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NG-MOF-5@LNs is anticipated to show as an effective antimicrobial and novel long-term-release antitumor agent and might be more suitable for MCF-7 cell therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1016-1029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality by design (QbD) based approach for development of itraconazole-loaded transferosomes for skin cancer: <i>in vitro, ex vivo</i> and cell line studies.","authors":"Priya Kudi, Srijita Sen, Satyajit Murkute, Purusottam Mohapatra, Om Prakash Ranjan","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2024.2400203","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2024.2400203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Itraconazole (ITZ), a widely used systemic antifungal drug, has been ingeniously repurposed for its antitumor effects. In the present work, we have prepared and optimized the ITZ-loaded transferosomes by Quality by Design (QbD) approach and repurposed them for skin cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The transferosomal formulation was optimized by employing a QbD approach with the design of experiment. A combination of screening and optimization design was used for formulation optimization. The optimized formulation was characterized by particle size, PDI, zeta potential, FTIR, XRD, and surface morphology using TEM. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> studies were performed using Franz diffusion cells. An <i>in vitro</i> cell line study was performed on the human melanoma A375 cell line.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized formulation has a particle size of 192.37 ± 13.19 nm, PDI of 0.41 ± 0.03, zeta potential -47.80 ± 3.66, and an entrapment efficiency of 64.11 ± 3.75%. <i>In vitro</i> release studies showed that ITZ encapsulated transferosomes offer higher and sustained release than pure drugs. <i>Ex vivo</i> drug penetration and retention studies show that the penetration and retention of transferosomes are more visible in the skin than in the drug. The cell viability study confirms that ITZ encapsulated transferosomes have almost 2-fold more potency against the A375 cell line than pure drug.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ITZ encapsulated transferosomes were successfully prepared and optimized using a combination of screening and optimization designs. Based on <i>ex vivo</i> and cell line studies, we conclude that ITZ-loaded transferosomes could aid melanoma management alongside standard therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1064-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of artificial intelligence in drug development: enhancing pharmaceutical chemistry through machine learning and predictive modeling.","authors":"Deepak Kumar Dash, Satyanarayan Pattnaik, Arpita Namdeo","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2548839","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2548839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in enhancing drug design and development processes within the pharmaceutical industry.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Drug design and improvement remain critical areas for chemical scientists and the pharmaceutical industry. Traditional drug development methods often suffer from low efficiency, unintended targeting, lengthy timelines, and high costs, posing significant challenges to the advancement of drug research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incorporating AI and ML technologies into pharmaceutical research can revolutionize the drug development landscape by making processes more efficient, precise, and environmentally sustainable. Continued advancements in AI-driven methodologies promise transformative impacts on healthcare and drug accessibility worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging nanotechnology-based therapies in the treatment of diabetes: recent developments and future opinion.","authors":"Aniket Bhardwaj, Saurabh Verma, Anukrati Agnihotri, Havagiray R Chitme","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2548844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2025.2548844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The advent of nanotechnology has transformed drug development, providing innovative solutions for designing and administering therapeutic agents with improved accuracy and efficacy in managing diabetes. This review aims to critically analyse the progress, mechanisms, and therapeutic uses of nanotechnology-based treatments against the diseases.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The application of nanotechnology in diabetes therapy represents a significant breakthrough in contemporary medicine. By facilitating precise, controlled, and responsive drug delivery systems, nanotechnology-based treatments present considerable advantages over traditional methods.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Glipizide sustained-release nanoparticles, repaglinide-loaded polymeric systems, and metformin-loaded alginate nanocapsules are just a few of the nanoformulations that have shown markedly improved pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models. In addition to lowering the frequency of doses, these nano-delivery methods extended glycaemic control and enhanced oral bioavailability. Niosomes and solid lipid nanoparticles are two examples of formulations that have demonstrated promise in overcoming physiological obstacles such poor intestinal absorption and enzymatic breakdown. When taken as a whole, these results highlight how revolutionary nanotechnology can be for managing diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The development of new nano formulations shows great promise in preventing hyperglycaemia and improving diabetes management; however, challenges such as biocompatibility, scalability, and regulatory approval pose substantial obstacles to clinical implementation. Nevertheless, the expanding roles of nanotechnology in diabetes therapy present transformative opportunities, highlighting the necessity for ongoing interdisciplinary research to refine these nanotherapeutics for safe and effective clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144845002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginkgolic acid as a fusion inhibitor: targeting RBD-ACE2 interaction with in silico, in vitro evidence of allosteric modulation and potent virucidal effect.","authors":"Jing Wang, Hui Min, Yuyao Zhai, Ping He, Bin Hu, Xiaorong Xue","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2543922","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2543922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates Ginkgolic acid, a naturally occurring phenolic compound from Ginkgo biloba, for its potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 by targeting the RBD-ACE2 interface through a combination of computational and <i>in vitro</i> methodologies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In silico molecular docking and 500 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to examine the binding conformation and stability of Ginkgolic acid at the RBD-ACE2 interface. <i>In vitro</i> studies included cytotoxicity profiling, plaque reduction assays, qRT-PCR, luciferase-based viral entry quantification, and membrane fusion inhibition in Vero E6 and ACE2-expressing HEK293T cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ginkgolic acid demonstrated dose-dependent antiviral activity in Vero E6 cells with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values ranging from 0.025 to 0.102 µM. MD simulations revealed its strong binding affinity at the RBD-ACE2 interface, particularly through interactions with conserved residues His34 and Asp38, leading to increased inter-residue distances and destabilization of the complex. <i>In vitro</i> assays confirmed significant virucidal activity, reduced viral entry, and inhibition of spike-mediated membrane fusion. Despite limited intracellular uptake, its antiviral efficacy appears to be predominantly extracellular.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ginkgolic acid acts as an allosteric modulator and fusion inhibitor by targeting conserved RBD-ACE2 interface residues, disrupting viral attachment and fusion. Its dual mechanism-direct virucidal effect and host-cell entry inhibition-presents a promising scaffold for future antiviral development. These findings warrant further preclinical validation to assess its efficacy across SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of curcumin (CUR) loaded BSA nanoparticles for <i>in-vitro</i> photodynamic therapy on MCF-7 cell line.","authors":"Hooriyeh Ranjbaran, Sayed Ali Maboudi, Seyed Mohammad Moshtaghioun, Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2542474","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2542474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Curcumin (CUR) is a natural phenolic compound with potent anticancer properties and potential as a photosensitizer (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, its clinical application is limited by poor solubility, low bioavailability, and rapid degradation. To address these challenges, this study introduces curcumin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (CUR-BSA NPs) as a pH-responsive drug delivery system for enhanced PDT in breast cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CUR-BSA NPs were synthesized using the desolvation method and characterized by using Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nanoparticles with size (∼170 nm), zeta potential (-36 ± 2.7 mV), and encapsulation efficiency (47.5%), demonstrated pH-responsive drug release, with higher curcumin release under acidic conditions, mimicking the tumor microenvironment. <i>In-vitro</i> cytotoxicity studies on MCF-7 breast cancer cells revealed that CUR-BSA NPs, in combination with blue light irradiation (420 nm, 30 J/cm²), significantly reduced cell viability to 69% after 48 h, while CUR-BSA NPs show lower cytotoxicity (45% vs. 68%) in the absence of photodynamic therapy. TUNEL assay confirmed apoptosis in 52.4% of treated cells, compared to 4.6% in the control group. Furthermore, CUR-BSA NPs displayed excellent biocompatibility in the absence of light exposure, reducing systemic toxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings establish CUR-BSA NPs as a promising nanoplatform for PDT, providing enhanced drug delivery, tumor-targeted release, and improved therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucilage-based nanocarriers for targeted cancer therapy-design, functionalization, and therapeutic potential.","authors":"Ahmed Muthoni, Ayabei Anyango, Hassan V Wanjala","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2542467","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2542467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide a comprehensive evaluation of mucilage-based nanocarriers as emerging platforms for targeted cancer therapy, focusing on their design, functionalization, and therapeutic potential.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Mucilage, a plant-derived biopolymer composed of natural polysaccharides, possesses inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and unique physicochemical characteristics such as high-water retention, gel-forming ability, and stimuli-responsiveness. These properties position mucilage as an ideal material for controlled drug delivery in oncology, offering potential improvements over conventional nanocarriers. However, despite these advantages, the application of mucilage in nanocarrier design remains underexplored, with limited consolidation of existing knowledge and comparative performance data-representing a significant research gap in the field of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review synthesizes current advances in the fabrication and functionalization of mucilage-based nanocarriers using techniques such as emulsion solvent evaporation, nanoprecipitation, and green synthesis. It also examines surface modifications, including ligand conjugation and pH-sensitive linker integration, aimed at enhancing tumor-targeted delivery and intracellular drug release.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preclinical studies demonstrate that mucilage-based nanocarriers enable efficient encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs, improve solubility and pharmacokinetic profiles, and promote targeted drug accumulation at tumor sites. These systems show prolonged circulation times and reduced systemic toxicity compared to traditional nanocarriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights the novelty of mucilage-based systems as a sustainable and multifunctional nanoplatform for cancer therapy. While demonstrating clear therapeutic potential, these systems face challenges including variability in mucilage composition, scalability of production, long-term stability, and regulatory standardization. Future efforts should focus on developing standardized extraction methods, predictive design models, and fostering multidisciplinary collaborations to fully realize the clinical potential of these systems in precision oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naringenin-loaded, tween 80-coated chitosan nanoparticles: a promising therapeutic for streptozotocin induced cognitive deficit in mice.","authors":"Monu Yadav, Jyoti Dagar, Mini Dahiya, Shilpi Chauhan, Deepak Lamba, Sudha Bansal, Shrestha Sharma","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2537295","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2537295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aimed to formulate naringenin nanoparticles (NNPs) with chitosan polymer and investigate their protective effect against cognitive deficit induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in swiss albino mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The interactions of naringenin with the possible targets involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive deficit were predicted using AutoDock vina and predicted its absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties with SwissADME and ProTox-II web servers. NNPs were formulated with chitosan using the ionotropic gelation method and coated with tween 80. The cognition functions of NNPs were evaluated by Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and Novel Objective Recognition test (NORT) in STZ-induced cognitive deficit in mice at doses 50 and 100 mg/kg equivalent to pure drug, i.p. The effect of NNPs on various antioxidant enzymes (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and mitochondrial complexes (1-4)) in cortex and hippocampus region of the brain was also estimated by biochemical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>In silico</i> study revealed better binding interactions as well as good binding affinity of naringenin with all the studied targets compared to rivastigmine. The formulated coated NNPs displayed good drug entrapment efficiency (75.412%) and a good <i>in vitro</i> release that followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (R² = 0.962). Furthermore, <i>in-vivo</i> studies displayed a learning and memory-enhancing effect of NNPs in EPM and NORT models compared to naringenin alone. A significant increase in the level of antioxidant enzymes revealed that the protective effects of naringenin nanoformulation might be mediated by its potent antioxidant and mitochondrial restoring properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, these studies suggested that the nanoformulation of naringenin is worthwhile for the management of cognitive improvement and other neurological problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of actuation force on the quality assessment of pressurized metered-dose inhalers.","authors":"Yaru Zhou, Bo Yang, Wentao Pan","doi":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2533523","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03639045.2025.2533523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the influence of varied actuation forces on the quality assessment of pressurized metered-dose inhalers(pMDIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Both manual and automatic methods were employed to assess the effects of manual actuation and automatic actuation (with different set actuation forces) on the delivered dose uniformity (DDU), emitted dose per actuation (EDPA), and aerodynamic particle size distribution (APSD) results of pMDIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When manual actuation was performed, the discrepancies in the DDU were observed, whereas differences in the EDPA and APSD results were not evident. When utilizing automatic actuation, the results for DDU, EDPA, and APSD all exhibited good uniformity. However, it was observed that inadequate actuation force, insufficient to fully open the valve, resulted in lower outcomes for all the aforementioned parameters. And when the actuation speed is excessively low, it results in a decline in the FPF value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The process of routine manual testing for DDU in inhalation aerosols, as well as methodology transfer in this field, necessitates meticulous attention to the standardization of operation techniques and actuation forces among diverse experimenters. Furthermore, using automated actuation can avoid variations due to manual operation and achieve good uniformity of results. However, when employing automatic actuation, it is crucial to select an actuation force that effectively ensures complete valve opening, thereby safeguarding the accuracy and reliability of the inhalation aerosol product. This suggests that attention should be paid to patients with limited hand strength (such as children and the elderly) when using aerosols.</p>","PeriodicalId":11263,"journal":{"name":"Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}