Current topics in behavioral neurosciences最新文献_第6页

Genetic Vulnerability to Social Anxiety Disorder. 社交焦虑症的遗传易感性。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_544

Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam

{"title":"Genetic Vulnerability to Social Anxiety Disorder.","authors":"Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_544","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_544","url":null,"abstract":"Most anxiety disorders 'run within families': people suffering from an anxiety disorder often have family members who are highly anxious as well. In this chapter, we explore recent work devoted to unraveling the complex interplay between genes and environment in the development of anxiety. We review studies focusing on the genetic vulnerability to develop social anxiety disorder (SAD), as SAD is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders, with an early onset, a chronic course, and associated with significant life-long impairments. More insight into the development of SAD is thus of uttermost importance.First, we will discuss family studies, twin studies, and large-sized population-based registry studies and explain what these studies can reveal about the genetic vulnerability to develop anxiety. Next, we describe the endophenotype approach; in this context, we will summarize results from the Leiden Family Lab study on Social Anxiety Disorder. Subsequently, we review the relationship between the heritable trait 'behavioral inhibition' and the development of SAD, and highlight the relevance of this work for the development and improvement of preventative and therapeutic interventions for socially anxious youth.","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Early Life Experiences on Stress Neurobiology and the Development of Anxiety. 早期生活经历对压力神经生物学和焦虑症发展的影响。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_542

Yanbin Niu, M Catalina Camacho, Shuang Wu, Kathryn L Humphreys

引用次数: 0

Interoception, Insula, and Autonomic Integration: Relevance to the Expression and Treatment of Psychiatric Symptoms. 互感、脑岛和自律神经整合：与精神症状的表现和治疗的相关性》。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_518

Hugo D Critchley, Joel Patchitt

引用次数: 0

Sex Differences in the Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety. 恐惧和焦虑神经生物学中的性别差异。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_536

Katelyn I Oliver, Dasani DelRosario, Jennifer S Stevens

引用次数: 0

Structural Brain Correlates of Anxiety During Development. 发育过程中焦虑的大脑结构相关性

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_541

E Leighton Durham, Antonia N Kaczkurkin

{"title":"Structural Brain Correlates of Anxiety During Development.","authors":"E Leighton Durham, Antonia N Kaczkurkin","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2024_541","url":null,"abstract":"Anxiety and related disorders are prevalent across the lifespan, often have their onset during youth, and are associated with notable levels of impairment and burden across multiple domains. Elucidating the associations between differential patterns of neurodevelopment and anxiety in youth is a promising approach for developing deeper insights regarding the neurobiological etiologies and maintenance factors associated with anxiety and related disorders. A growing body of literature has yielded evidence of associations between patterns of brain structure (i.e., volume, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area) and anxiety. Here, we present a review and synthesis of the existing body of literature surrounding neurostructural correlates of anxiety in youth spanning multiple anxiety presentations and three neurostructural modalities. We reveal substantially more research focusing on brain volume than cortical thickness or surface area and a greater number of studies examining anxiety broadly defined, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder. There is also evidence of considerable variability in the brain regions implicated and the direction of associations across studies. Finally, we discuss the gaps and limitations in this body of work, which suggest avenues for future directions.","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical Aspects of Psychedelic-Assisted Treatments: An Overview. 迷幻辅助治疗的伦理问题：综述。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_533

Christopher Poppe, Dimitris Repantis

{"title":"Ethical Aspects of Psychedelic-Assisted Treatments: An Overview.","authors":"Christopher Poppe, Dimitris Repantis","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2024_533","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we provide an overview of ethical aspects of psychedelic-assisted treatments in the areas of clinical ethics, research ethics, and at the intersection of psychedelic medicine and society. In contrast to earlier psychedelic research, nowadays medical ethics have been firmly established as a discipline regulating patient-physician relationships which highlight the importance of autonomy, shared decision-making and informed consent in clinical ethics. During and after altered states of consciousness, autonomy is particularly important as participants are in a vulnerable state. In this vulnerable state, both touch and suggestibility are central ethical concerns. In turn, the debate surrounding hallucinogenic and nonhallucinogenic psychedelic substances discusses the importance of altered states of consciousness in general. Of further concern are exceptional training requirements and competencies of psychedelic therapists, as well as the particular context of end-of-life care. Lastly, this section discusses how ethical integrity in clinical treatments can be supported through institutions. In research ethics, inclusivity, research equipoise, and expectation management are key issues in the participation and trials, while open question for the posttrial access to care after psychedelic trials remain. Finally, the chapter addresses the question of equitable access to psychedelic medicine. Furthermore, justice for indigenous communities using psychedelics and the impact of legalization and medicalization of psychedelic substances are pressing ethical concerns amidst the \"psychedelic renaissance.\"","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. 经颅磁刺激治疗创伤后应激障碍和广泛性焦虑症。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_540

Samantha L Cilli, Miriam A Goldberg, Camila Cosmo, Amanda R Arulpragasam, Amin Zand Vakili, Yosef A Berlow, Noah S Philip

{"title":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder.","authors":"Samantha L Cilli, Miriam A Goldberg, Camila Cosmo, Amanda R Arulpragasam, Amin Zand Vakili, Yosef A Berlow, Noah S Philip","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_540","DOIUrl":"10.1007/7854_2024_540","url":null,"abstract":"Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are debilitating psychiatric disorders. While treatments are often effective, many patients do not adequately respond or experience significant side effects. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an emerging approach for treating PTSD and GAD. Several randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that TMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may be efficacious in reducing psychiatric symptoms; however, results are inconsistent regarding whether any parameter or treatment paradigm is superior. Other RCTs have targeted novel brain regions using newer TMS modalities. Combining TMS with psychotherapy may augment response in patients with PTSD, yet results are inconclusive. Little research has been done on TMS in combination with psychotherapy for GAD, indicating a need for further investigation. Future studies may assess TMS parameter optimization for enhancing effectiveness and improving therapeutic response duration. Identifying response biomarkers through functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography may offer a means to predict and monitor clinical response as precision methods to improve treatment response.","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Emerging Role of Brain Mitochondria in Fear and Anxiety. 大脑线粒体在恐惧和焦虑中的新作用。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_537

Alessandro Chioino, Carmen Sandi

{"title":"The Emerging Role of Brain Mitochondria in Fear and Anxiety.","authors":"Alessandro Chioino, Carmen Sandi","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2024_537","url":null,"abstract":"The functional complexity of brain circuits underlies the broad spectrum of behaviors, cognitive functions, and their associated disorders. Mitochondria, traditionally known for their role in cellular energy metabolism, are increasingly recognized as central to brain function and behavior. This review examines how mitochondria are pivotal in linking cellular energy processes with the functioning of neural circuits that govern fear and anxiety. Following an introductory section in which we summarize current knowledge about fear and anxiety neural circuits, we provide a brief summary of mitochondria fundamental roles (e.g., from energy production and calcium buffering to their involvement in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial dynamics, and signaling), particularly emphasizing their contribution to synaptic plasticity, neurodevelopment, and stress response mechanisms. The review's core focuses on the current state of knowledge regarding how mitochondrial function and dysfunction impact the neural substrates of fear and anxiety. Furthermore, we explore the implications of mitochondrial alterations in the context of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety disorders, underscoring the potential of mitochondrial pathways as new therapeutic targets. Integrating insights from genetic, biochemical, neurobiological, behavioral, and clinical studies, we propose a model in which mitochondrial function is critical for regulating the neural circuits that underpin fear and anxiety behaviors, highlighting how mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to their pathological manifestations. This integration emphasizes the potential for developing novel treatments targeting the biological roots of fear, anxiety, and related disorders. By merging mitochondrial biology with behavioral and circuit neuroscience, we enrich our neurobiological understanding of fear and anxiety, uncovering promising avenues for therapeutic intervention.","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epistemic Risk Reduction in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy. 在迷幻辅助疗法中降低认识风险。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_531

Chiara Caporuscio, Sascha Benjamin Fink

{"title":"Epistemic Risk Reduction in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.","authors":"Chiara Caporuscio, Sascha Benjamin Fink","doi":"10.1007/7854_2024_531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2024_531","url":null,"abstract":"Belief change is crucial to therapeutic benefit in psychedelic-assisted therapy as well as in more traditional forms of therapy. However, the use of psychedelics comes with a few unique challenges that require extra caution. First, drastic belief changes may occur faster than in regular therapy. Facing radical and transformative insights all at once rather than through a gradual process of discovery and integration can lead patients to a volatile, confusing or disorienting epistemic state. Additionally, we know psychedelic substances generate hallucinatory experiences that come with a high degree of confidence and noetic certainty despite not necessarily being connected with reality. On the other hand, telling a patient which ones of her beliefs are true and which ones are not seems beyond the competence of a psychotherapist, if not an abuse of their authority and power. This is even more dangerous when psychedelics are involved, because power imbalance between patient and therapist is exacerbated by the therapist's role as a guiding figure throughout an intense altered state of consciousness. Because of this suggestible state, the therapist's beliefs might have a disproportionate influence, and even well-intentioned nudging might significantly stray the patient's beliefs.How can a therapist help a patient navigate their epistemic uncertainty around psychedelic insights while preserving the patient's autonomy? This chapter will attempt to answer this question through a philosophical and epistemological lens. We will review different strategies to mitigate epistemic risks in psychedelic-assisted therapy and argue that such risks can be significantly reduced by adapting these strategies dynamically to the individual patient's needs.","PeriodicalId":11257,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in behavioral neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subjective Time in Ordinary and Non-ordinary States of Consciousness: How Interoceptive Feelings Inform Us About the Passage of Time. 普通和非普通意识状态下的主观时间：感知间感觉如何告诉我们时间的流逝》。

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_520

Marc Wittmann, Sylvie Droit-Volet

引用次数: 0