Diabetic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of differing completion rates of a face-to-face DIABETES self-management education programme on Patient Reported Outcome measures (DIABETES PRO): A feasibility trial protocol.","authors":"Gemma Lewis, Greg Irving, John Wilding, Kevin Hardy","doi":"10.1111/dme.15430","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Structured diabetes self-management education (DSME) is internationally recommended for people with type 2 diabetes to support self-management and to prevent associated long-term complications. 'Attendance' at DSME is currently benchmarked as having completed a registration form and at least one active engagement with programme content, and 'completion' measured against ≥60% completion, despite landmark trials reporting outcomes based on the full completion of a programme. Little is known about the effectiveness of DSME on the psychological and emotional health of people with diabetes who complete less than the full DSME programme. We report a protocol for a single-centre randomised feasibility study to assess the impact of differing completion rates of a face-to-face DSME programme on patient reported outcomes of self-care, diabetes distress and quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomised feasibility study in 120 people with type 2 diabetes due to attend a secondary care diabetes clinic in the North West UK for DSME. Participants will be randomised into one of the four groups: Group 1 full DSME programme, Group 2 60%, Group 3 10% and Group 4 0% (delayed education). Psychometric questionnaire scores will be evaluated at baseline and 3-4 months post-intervention. Measures of feasibility (eligibility, recruitment and retention rates) will be reported.</p><p><strong>Ethics and dissemination: </strong>The DIABETES-PRO study was approved by the London-Surrey Borders Research Ethics Committee (24/LO/0235). Results will be shared with study participants and published in peer-reviewed journals.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinicaltrials.gov NCT06419907.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bringing the assessment and treatment of diabetes distress into the real world of clinical care: Time for a shift in perspective.","authors":"Lawrence Fisher, Susan Guzman, William Polonsky, Danielle Hessler","doi":"10.1111/dme.15446","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Diabetes distress (DD) refers to the emotional and behavioural challenges associated with managing this demanding chronic disease over time. DD is alarmingly common and it has a significant impact on self-management behaviours and clinical outcomes. Thus, there is growing recognition that DD is a pressing problem that deserves careful attention in clinical care. Translating the application of validated DD assessment and intervention protocols from the research to the clinical setting, however, presents challenges that require a reconsideration of some common assumptions about what DD is, how prevalent it is, how it presents itself clinically, how it might best be assessed and by whom.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed data from six large-scale studies using five common DD measures. Using these data, we review and challenge several common assumptions about DD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>These data suggest that, because of its relative ubiquity, DD should not be viewed as a 'co-morbidity' or 'complication' of diabetes and it should not be seen as a mental health/illness 'condition'. Furthermore, we argue that DD assessment should: (1) be accepted as a standard part of comprehensive diabetes care, (2) occur regularly using broad rather than brief screening measures and (3) be addressed directly by diabetes clinicians, rather than exclusively by behavioural specialists.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results form the basis of a series of suggestions to enhance the translation, adoption and implementation of DD knowledge derived from the research setting directly into the real world of clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes after 1 year in adults using Omnipod 5: Real-world data from a UK diabetes centre.","authors":"Roland H Stimson, Mark W J Strachan, Anna R Dover, Rohana J Wright, Shareen Forbes, Gayle McRobert, Fraser W Gibb","doi":"10.1111/dme.15453","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of caregiver diabetes distress screening in routine clinical care of youth with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Einas H Alkhatib, Lauren Clary, Angelica Eddington, Randi Streisand, Shideh Majidi","doi":"10.1111/dme.15416","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Caregiver diabetes distress (DD) consists of feeling overwhelmed, sad, and/or concerned; one-third of parents of youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) report severe distress up to 4 years after T1D diagnosis. PAID-PR (Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey-Parent Revised) assesses DD primarily in research settings; however, less is known about its clinical utility. We aimed to identify the feasibility of implementing PAID-PR screening at a diverse, academic US paediatric diabetes center during routine clinic follow-up visits through quality improvement methodologies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PAID-PR was intended to be offered in English to caregivers at all paediatric T1D appointments, by the front desk during appointment check-in, or through REDCap prior to telehealth appointments or at local sites to all eligible caregivers. Adult psychosocial resources were provided to all, regardless of score. Forms were scored after appointments; scores ≥80 were referred to Diabetes Psychology providers for follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 391 caregivers completed the PAID-PR, though only half of eligible caregivers received it in person. Response rates were highest in person (90%), compared to REDCap (25%). In total, 27% (n = 107) scored ≥56 (DD). Of those with DD, 21% (n = 23) scored ≥80 and were referred to psychology. Demographics are reported in Table 1. PAID-PR score was positively correlated to A1c (p = 0.038) and inversely to child age (p = 0.014).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinic caregiver DD screening was implemented with higher response rates in person; however, expanding in-person screening to all eligible caregivers is necessary. Furthermore, since the PAID-PR was in English, some caregivers with DD were likely missed. Future directions include screening in additional languages.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very-low-calorie diet-based intensive lifestyle intervention for remission of type 2 diabetes: Real-world experience in a South Asian population.","authors":"H A Dissanayake, D R Fernando, A I Nilaweera, T D Munasinghe, C M A U Kaushalya, M M Pulukkody, P Katulanda","doi":"10.1111/dme.15422","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Very low-calorie diet (VLCD) can induce weight loss and diabetes remission (DR) amongst people with obesity and recent-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to determine the effectiveness and acceptability of VLCD in achieving DR amongst Sri Lankan adults with T2D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted in a diabetes practice where VLCD-based Diabetes Remission Programme (VDRP) was offered for adults (>18 years) with T2D for <3 years and body mass index over 25 kg/m². VLCD (~800 kcal/day, provided with/without diet replacement formula) was offered for 8-12 weeks, followed by gradual food reintroduction and exercise. DR was defined as HbA1c <6.5% at least 3 months after stopping glucose-lowering medications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 170 participants who enrolled in the VDRP (mean age 38.4 years [±11.1], men 68%, mean baseline HbA1c 86.9 [±18.1] mmol/mol (10.1 [±2.1]%), median duration of T2D 2 years [IQR 1-2]) and 87 (51%) of them followed the programme (attended at least one follow-up visit). Amongst the individuals who followed the VDRP, 40.2% achieved DR (35/87), compared with 2.4% (2/83) amongst those who did not follow the VDRP (aHR 9.3, 95% CI 2.2-16.4, p = 0.002). The proportion achieving normoglycaemia (HbA1c < 6.5%) but continued to take glucose-lowering medication was 20/87 among VDRP followers and 20/85 amongst VDRP non-followers. The commonest reasons for not following the VDRP were too restrictive dietary quantity (92%) and difficulties in finding recommended food items (67%). Majority (79%) would recommend VDRP to others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VDRP is effective in achieving T2D remission amongst Sri Lankan adults with recently diagnosed T2D and obesity. Over half of the participants followed the programme and over 75% would recommend it to others, indicating good acceptability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing diabetes treatment satisfaction in the INtegrating DEPrEssioN and Diabetes treatmENT randomized clinical trial: A multilevel model analysis.","authors":"Zach Cooper, Leslie Johnson, Mohammed K Ali, Shivani A Patel, Subramani Poongothai, Viswanathan Mohan, R M Anjana, N Tandon, R Khadgawat, G R Sridhar, S R Aravind, B Sosale, R Sagar, Radha Shankar, Bhavani Sundari, Madhu Kosari, K M Venkat Narayan, Deepa Rao, Lydia Chwastiak","doi":"10.1111/dme.15412","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Patient satisfaction is associated with positive diabetes outcomes. However, there are no identified studies that evaluate both patient- and clinic-level predictors influencing diabetes care satisfaction longitudinally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the INtegrating DEPrEssioN and Diabetes treatmENT trial was used to perform the analysis. We used fixed and random effects models to assess whether and how changes in patient-level predictors (treatment assignment, depression symptom severity, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, LDL cholesterol, and haemoglobin A1C) from 0 to 24 months and clinic-level predictors (visit frequency, visit cost, number of specialists, wait time, time spent with healthcare provider, and receiving verbal reminders) measured at 24 months influence diabetes care satisfaction from 0 to 24 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Model 1 (patient-level predictors) accounted for 7% of the change in diabetes satisfaction and there was a significant negative relationship between change in depressive symptoms and care satisfaction (β = -0.23, SE = 0.12, p < 0.05). Within Model 1, 2% of the variance was explained by clinic-level predictors. Model 2 included both patient- and clinic-level predictors and accounted for 18% of the change in diabetes care satisfaction. Within Model 2, 9% of the variance was attributed to clinic-level predictors. There was also a cross-level interaction where the change in depression had less of an impact on the change in satisfaction for those who received a verbal reminder (β = -0.11, SE = 0.21, p = 0.34) compared with those who did not receive a reminder (β = -0.62, SE = 0.08, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased burden of depressive symptoms influences diabetes care satisfaction. Clinic-level predictors also significantly influence diabetes care satisfaction and can reduce dissatisfaction in primary care, specifically, reminder calls from clinic staff.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The top 10 priorities in adults living with type 1 diabetes in Ireland and the United Kingdom - A James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership.","authors":"Christine Newman, Suzannah Kinsella, Peter Rooney, Jake Bromley, Rachel Connor, Kate Gajewska, Sinead Hannan, Richard I G Holt, Julia Hubbard, Columb Kavangh, Jinty Moffett, Anna Morris, Hilary Nathan, Nick Oliver, John R Petrie, Michael Skarlatos, David Treanor, Pauline Williams, Fidelma P Dunne","doi":"10.1111/dme.15429","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To undertake a Priority Setting Partnership (PSP), identifying the most important unanswered questions in type 1 diabetes in Ireland and the United Kingdom and to compare these to priorities identified in a 2011 PSP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A steering committee (including eight individuals with lived experience/charity representatives and six clinicians) designed a survey which asked stakeholders to list three questions about type 1 diabetes. This was disseminated through social media, direct email contact, and printed posters. Following analysis, a second survey asked participants to rank these priorities in order of importance. The top questions were then carried forward to an online, 2 days final workshop where the final top 10 were ranked.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1050 responses (64% female, 78% adults living with type 1 diabetes, 9% healthcare professionals, 9% family members) to the first survey and 2937 individual questions were submitted. Sixty-five summary questions were submitted into a second survey, completed by 497 individuals (76% adults living with type 1 diabetes, 9% healthcare professionals, and 11% family members). Nineteen questions from the interim survey progressed to a final workshop, which identified the top 10 priorities through group discussion. As in 2011, there was emphasis on psychological health, diabetes-related complications, and hypoglycaemia. New themes prioritised included artificial intelligence and women's health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research priorities, which have been identified using a robust and proven methodology, highlight the key concerns of those living with type 1 diabetes, their families and representatives, as well as clinicians in Ireland and the UK.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in rates of hospitalisation for infection in people with diabetes and the general population.","authors":"Berhanu Elfu Feleke, Jonathan E Shaw, Dianna J Magliano","doi":"10.1111/dme.15421","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the trends of hospitalisation for infections in people with diabetes and in the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>People with diabetes were identified from the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme linked to hospitalisation datasets from 2010/11 to 2018/19. Data on hospitalisations in the general population were obtained from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Joinpoint regression software was used to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) of rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of hospitalisation for total infections increased with an APC of 2.6% (95% CI: 1.5, 3.7) among people with type 1 diabetes, 3.6% (2.6, 4.6) among people with type 2 diabetes, and 2.5% (1.3, 3.9) in the general population. Increasing rates were observed for sepsis, influenza, kidney infections, osteomyelitis, cellulitis, and foot infections in all groups. The rate of hospitalisation for urinary tract infection declined among people with type 2 diabetes though it was stable in other groups. The rate of hospitalisation for respiratory tract infections was stable among people with type 1 diabetes but increased in other groups. The rate of hospitalisation for gastrointestinal infection was stable in all cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hospitalisation rates for infection have increased more rapidly over time in people with diabetes than in the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'We're taught green is good': Perspectives on time in range and time in tight range from youth with type 1 diabetes, and parents of youth with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Molly L Tanenbaum, Erica Pang, Rachel Tam, Franziska K Bishop, Priya Prahalad, Dessi P Zaharieva, Ananta Addala, Jessie J Wong, Diana Naranjo, Korey K Hood, David M Maahs","doi":"10.1111/dme.15423","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are standard of care for youth with type 1 diabetes with the goal of spending >70% time in range (TIR; 70-180 mg/dL, 3.9-10 mmol/L). We aimed to understand paediatric CGM user experiences with TIR metrics considering recent discussion of shifting to time in tight range (TITR; >50% time between 70 and 140 mg/dL, 3.9 and 7.8 mmol/L).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with adolescents with type 1 diabetes and parents of youth with type 1 diabetes focused on experiences with TIR goals and reactions to TITR. Groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty participants (N = 19 parents: age 43.6 ± 5.3 years, 79% female, 47% non-Hispanic White, 20 ± 5 months since child's diagnosis; N = 11 adolescents: age 15.3 ± 2 years, 55% female, 55% non-Hispanic White, 16 ± 3 months since diagnosis) attended. Participants had varying levels of understanding of TIR. Some developed personally preferred glucose ranges. Parents often aimed to surpass 70% TIR. Many described feelings of stress and disappointment when they did not meet a TIR goal. Concerns about TITR included increased stress and burden; risk of hypoglycaemia; and family conflict. Some participants said TITR would not change their daily lives; others said it would improve their diabetes management. Families requested care team support and a clear scientific rationale for TITR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The wealth of CGM data creates frequent opportunities for assessing diabetes management and carries implications for management burden. Input from people with type 1 diabetes and their families will be critical in considering a shift in glycaemic goals and targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I feel like I'm being talked to like an equal\": Diabetes language matters to adults with diabetes, a mixed-methods study.","authors":"Eloise Litterbach, Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott, Shikha Gray, Jennifer Halliday, Renza Scibilia, Timothy Skinner, Jane Speight","doi":"10.1111/dme.15424","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dme.15424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore reactions to and preferences for words/phrases used in communications about diabetes among adults with diabetes and parents of children with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible adults (aged 18+ years) living with diabetes, or parenting a child with diabetes, were recruited via social media to complete an online cross-sectional, mixed-methods survey. Study-specific items were used to examine 22 commonly used diabetes words/phrases in terms of participants' cognitive perceptions ('helpful', 'respectful', 'accurate', 'harmful', 'judgmental' and 'inaccurate') and emotional reactions ('optimistic', 'motivated', 'supported', 'understood', 'offended', 'blamed', 'distressed' and 'angry'). Open-ended questions invited further feedback on (non-)preferred language and its impact(s). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inductive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (N = 865) included adults with diabetes (type 1: n = 519; type 2: n = 180, other types: n = 48) and parents of children with diabetes (n = 118). Words/phrases most commonly associated with negative perceptions/emotional responses were 'non-compliant' (60% judgmental; 47% felt blamed) and '…good/bad' (54% judgmental; 43% blamed). Positive perceptions were reported for 'managing diabetes' (73% helpful, 47% felt understood), 'person with diabetes' (72% respectful; 49% understood), '…within/outside target range' (60% helpful, 44% understood), and 'condition' (58% respectful; 43% understood). Participants' qualitative responses illuminated perceptions, experiences and impacts across five themes: (1) accuracy and simplicity; (2) identity; (3) blame, judgement and stigma; (4) respect and trust and; (5) support, hope and feeling understood. Themes were consistent across diabetes types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide novel evidence into (non-)preferred, and potential (negative and positive) impacts of, commonly used diabetes words/phrases, supporting the international #LanguageMatters movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":11251,"journal":{"name":"Diabetic Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}